CN211896515U - Artificial wetland system applied to super-limit purification treatment of low-concentration polluted water body - Google Patents
Artificial wetland system applied to super-limit purification treatment of low-concentration polluted water body Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The utility model discloses an artificial wetland system applied to super-limited purification treatment of low-concentration polluted water, which comprises a first-stage A/O biochemical effect wetland system, a second-stage A/O biochemical effect wetland system and a third-stage prepositive nitration type O/A biochemical effect wetland system which are sequentially communicated; the first-stage A/O biochemical effect wetland system comprises a water distribution pond, a bidirectional vertical subsurface flow wetland and an artificial reoxygenation wetland which are sequentially communicated; the second-stage A/O biochemical effect wetland system comprises a first-stage horizontal subsurface flow wetland, a first-stage surface flow wetland and an oxidation pond which are sequentially communicated; the third-stage prepositive nitration type O/A biochemical effect wetland system comprises a high-load oxygenation type vertical subsurface flow wetland, a second-stage surface flow wetland, a second-stage horizontal subsurface flow wetland and a plant landscape pond which are sequentially communicated; the artificial reoxygenation wetland is communicated with the first-stage horizontal subsurface flow wetland; the oxidation pond is communicated with the high-load oxygen-increasing type vertical subsurface wetland.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model belongs to municipal sewage treatment plant tail water advanced treatment, river course basin water are administered, lake quality of water promotes, fields such as surface water ecological environment comprehensive improvement, concretely relates to apply to super limit purification treatment's of low concentration polluted water constructed wetland system.
Background
Eighteen major parties promote ecological civilization construction to the national strategic altitude, and the ecological environment problem is increasingly concerned by people. Along with the coming of the treatment policies of the relevant river and lake regions of China, the comprehensive treatment measures and technologies for urban black and odorous water bodies and light black and odorous water bodies (surface inferior V-class water bodies) are continuously improved, and surface water needs to be restored to be superior to the V-class water bodies. Meanwhile, the water quality discharge requirements of concentrated sewage discharge units with large discharge capacity such as urban sewage treatment plants are more and more strict, and the water quality discharge standard is gradually aligned from the current urban first-class A to the surface IV type water quality. Therefore, the deep purification treatment of low-concentration polluted water bodies such as tail water of riverways, lakes, urban sewage treatment plants and the like is a trend in future development.
The common deep treatment process of the low-concentration polluted water mainly comprises the following steps: membrane process, traditional artificial wet land process, etc. These techniques mainly have the following problems: the investment amount of each ton of water in the membrane process technology reaches 4000-12000 yuan, the early investment proportion is too high, the membrane replacement frequency is high, and the service life of the membrane is usually 1-2 years, so that the operation cost is high, the membrane is easy to block due to water quality fluctuation, and the requirement on later-stage operation and maintenance is high; the traditional artificial wetland process has wide occupied area, and the occupied area per ton of water can reach 4-8 m2And the treatment effect is unstable and is easily influenced by seasons and climate, but the artificial wetland process becomes a key research object of the low-concentration polluted water body deep treatment technology due to the extremely low operation and maintenance cost and the excellent ecological landscape effect.
SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL
The utility model discloses aim at introducing one set of brand-new multistage compound constructed wetland processing system in fields such as current municipal sewage treatment plant tail water advanced treatment, river course basin water treatment, lake water quality promotion, surface water ecological environment comprehensive improvement, solve artificial wetland process type single in the super limit purification treatment process of present low concentration polluted water, the treatment effeciency is low, ton water area is big, the view effect is poor, go out water quality of water unstability scheduling problem. The tail water of the primary A standard in the pollutant discharge standard of urban sewage treatment plant (GB18918-2002) is deeply purified to be more than IV types of water on the earth surface in the environmental quality of surface water.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the utility model provides a technical scheme does:
the constructed wetland system for the super-limited purification treatment of the low-concentration polluted water body comprises a first-stage A/O biochemical effect wetland system, a second-stage A/O biochemical effect wetland system and a third-stage prepositive nitration type O/A biochemical effect wetland system which are sequentially communicated; the first-stage A/O biochemical effect wetland system comprises a water distribution pond (1), a bidirectional vertical subsurface flow wetland (2) and an artificial reoxygenation wetland (3) which are sequentially communicated; the second-stage A/O biochemical effect wetland system comprises a first-stage horizontal subsurface wetland (4), a first-stage surface flow wetland (5) and an oxidation pond (6) which are sequentially communicated; the third-stage prepositive nitrification type O/A biochemical effect wetland system comprises a high-load oxygenation type vertical subsurface wetland (7), a second-stage surface flow wetland (8), a second-stage horizontal subsurface flow wetland (9) and a plant landscape pond (10) which are communicated in sequence; the artificial reoxygenation wetland (3) is communicated with the first-level horizontal subsurface wetland (4); the oxidation pond (6) is communicated with a high-load oxygen-increasing type vertical subsurface wetland (7).
Preferably, the water depth of the water distribution pond (1) is 1-2 m; the bidirectional vertical subsurface flow wetland (2) is divided into an upstream vertical subsurface flow wetland at the front end and a downstream vertical subsurface flow wetland at the tail end by an overflow partition wall (11), and an A filler layer (12) is arranged in the bidirectional vertical subsurface flow wetland (2); the artificial reoxygenation wetland (3) is divided into a front end oxygenation area and a tail end static settlement area; the water depth of the front end oxygenation zone is 1-1.5 m, and the water depth of the tail end static sinking zone is 1.2-2.5 m.
Preferably, the thickness of the A filler layer (12) is 1-1.2 m; a shallow micro aeration pipe (13) is arranged in the front end oxygenation zone; a gravel water outlet weir (14) is arranged in the tail end static settling area, and a submerged plant (15) is arranged at the bottom of the static settling area.
Preferably, a B filler layer (16) is arranged in the first-stage horizontal subsurface wetland (4), and the thickness of the B filler layer (16) is 1.2-1.5 m; a C packing layer (17) is arranged in the first-stage surface flow wetland (5), the thickness of the C packing layer (17) is 0.8-1 m, and the surface flow water depth of the first-stage surface flow wetland (5) is 0.05-0.2 m; the depth of the oxidation pond (6) is 1-2.5 m.
Preferably, a water inlet micro-nano air releaser (18) is arranged in the high-load oxygen-increasing type vertical subsurface flow wetland (7), a D filler layer (19) is also arranged in the high-load oxygen-increasing type vertical subsurface flow wetland (7), and the thickness of the D filler layer (19) is 1-1.2 m; an E packing layer (20) is arranged in the secondary surface flow wetland (8), the thickness of the E packing layer (20) is 0.8-1 m, and the surface flow water depth of the secondary surface flow wetland (8) is 0.05-0.2 m; an F filler layer (21) is arranged in the secondary horizontal subsurface wetland (9), and the thickness of the F filler layer (21) is 1.2-1.5 m; the plant landscape pond (10) has a water depth of 1-2 m.
Preferably, an online monitoring device is arranged in the plant landscape pond (10); the plant landscape pond (10) is communicated with a water outlet system.
Preferably, a rainwater overflow system (22) is arranged in each of the water distribution pond (1), the artificial reoxygenation wetland (3), the oxidation pond (6) and the plant landscape pond (10).
Preferably, the constructed wetland system further comprises wetland reoxygenation equipment (23), and the wetland reoxygenation equipment (23) is connected with the constructed reoxygenation wetland (3) and the high-load oxygen-increasing vertical subsurface wetland (7).
Preferably, aquatic animals and plants are arranged in the bidirectional vertical subsurface wetland (2), the artificial reoxygenation wetland (3), the primary horizontal subsurface wetland (4), the primary surface flow wetland (5), the high-load oxygen-increasing vertical subsurface flow wetland (7), the secondary surface flow wetland (8) and the secondary horizontal subsurface flow wetland (9).
More preferably, the aquatic animals and plants are at least three of Siberian iris, dromey pholiota, saxifrage, thalictrum, piniperberry, reed, calamus, copper coin grass, zizania latifolia, hydrilla verticillata, goldfish algae, tape grass, watermifoil, river snail and carp.
The following further description of the present invention:
apply to the super limit purification treatment's of low concentration polluted water multistage compound constructed wetland system and include inlet tube, outlet pipe and be located each other series connection between the two or parallelly connected various wetlands, it constitutes multistage compound constructed wetland system jointly. The multi-stage composite artificial wetland system comprises unit areas such as a water distribution pond, a bidirectional vertical subsurface flow wetland, an artificial reoxygenation wetland, a first-stage horizontal subsurface flow wetland, a first-stage surface flow wetland, an oxidation pond, a high-load oxygenation type vertical subsurface flow wetland, a second-stage surface flow wetland, a second-stage horizontal subsurface flow wetland, a plant landscape pond, wetland reoxygenation equipment and the like.
The water distribution pond is connected with a tail water discharge pipe (or other low-concentration polluted water bodies) of a town sewage treatment plant and serves as a starting end of the multi-stage composite artificial wetland system to play roles in accumulating water potential, slowing down hydraulic fluctuation and precipitating and deslagging. The water distribution ponds to the (T-02) artificial reoxygenation wetland form a first-stage A/O biochemical effect wetland system of the multi-stage composite artificial wetland system, a bidirectional vertical subsurface flow wetland is arranged between the water distribution ponds and the (T-02) artificial reoxygenation wetland, and the bidirectional vertical subsurface flow wetland can be set into a parallel mode of a plurality of homogeneous wetlands according to the treatment scale.
The water distribution pond is a wetland pond with a certain volume, the outline of the water distribution pond is set to be favorable for uniform water distribution, and the water depth is controlled to be 1-2 m.
The bidirectional vertical subsurface flow wetland consists of two parts, namely an upstream vertical subsurface flow wetland at the front end and a downstream vertical subsurface flow wetland at the tail end, a wall partition is arranged in the middle to form an overflow partition wall, and water at the top end overflows from the upstream wetland to the downstream wetland to increase oxygen in a surface-layer falling water form. The thickness of the filler layer is controlled to be 1-1.2 m. A plurality of parallel bidirectional vertical subsurface flow wetlands can be designed according to the scale of tail water.
The artificial reoxygenation wetland is divided into an oxygenation area and a static settlement area. The water depth of the front end oxygenation area is controlled to be 1-1.5 m, shallow micro aeration pipes are adopted for carrying out underwater oxygenation, so that the dissolved oxygen of water in the wetland reaches 2-3 mg/L, an aerobic micro ecological environment is formed, and the low-concentration BOD is increased under the action of aerobic microorganisms5Oxidative degradation and ammonia nitrogen nitration. The tail end is quietThe water depth of the settling zone is controlled to be 1.2-2.5 m, a gravel effluent weir is arranged, and submerged plants are planted at the bottom of the pond.
Through test comparison, the first-stage A/O biochemical effect wetland system formed by utilizing an artificial reoxygenation method has the treatment capacity enhanced by 1-2.5 times compared with the system without artificial reoxygenation under the same condition.
The thickness of the first-level horizontal subsurface wetland packing layer is controlled to be 1.2-1.5 m, and a plurality of parallel modes can be designed according to the treatment scale.
The thickness of the first-level surface flow wetland packing layer is controlled to be 0.8-1.0 m, and the surface flow water depth is controlled to be 0.05-0.2 m. Can be designed into a plurality of parallel modes according to the processing scale.
The depth of the oxidation pond is controlled to be 1-2.5 m, the landscape design can be carried out on the outline of the oxidation pond according to the field condition, and a proper hydrophilic shoreline and landscape are added to enhance the ornamental value of the wetland.
The first-stage horizontal subsurface wetland, the first-stage surface flow wetland and the oxidation pond jointly form a second-stage A/O biochemical effect wetland system. Through test comparison, the composite wetland system formed by the combination of the subsurface flow type wetland, the surface flow type wetland and the oxidation pond has 1.3 to 1.8 times stronger treatment capacity than a single wetland in the same area.
The high-load oxygenation type wetland is provided with a water inlet micro-nano air releaser, so that the dissolved oxygen of inlet water of the wetland reaches 2-3 mg/L, the thickness of a wetland filler layer is controlled to be 1-1.2 m, an aerobic microbial film attachment layer is formed in the wetland filler through flocculation of bacterial clusters, and a low-concentration polluted water body is fully contacted with the aerobic microbial film through the pore dispersion effect of the filler, so that the B OD of the wetland is remarkably improved5And the treatment load of ammonia nitrogen. Can be designed into a plurality of parallel modes according to the processing scale.
The thickness of the second-level surface flow wetland packing layer is controlled to be 0.8-1.0 m, and the surface flow water depth is controlled to be 0.05-0.2 m. Can be designed into a plurality of parallel modes according to the processing scale.
The thickness of the filling layer of the second-level horizontal subsurface flow wetland is controlled to be 1.2-1.5 m, and a fine sand filter layer (belt) with the width of 2-3 m and the granularity of 2-6 mm is arranged at the tail end of the wetland, so that the stability of water quality is ensured, and floating algae and the like in the wetland are prevented from influencing the effluent water quality. Can be designed into a plurality of parallel modes according to the processing scale.
The plant landscape pond is used as a final effluent quality observation pond and a research and investigation pond of the multi-stage composite artificial wetland, the water depth is controlled to be 1-2 m, and corresponding on-line monitoring facilities can be arranged according to project requirements.
The high-load oxygen-increasing vertical subsurface flow wetland, the secondary surface flow wetland, the secondary horizontal subsurface flow wetland and the plant landscape pond jointly form a third-stage prepositive nitrification type O/A biochemical effect wetland system, and the ammonia nitrogen and BOD are realized in an artificial oxygen increasing mode5And the indexes of pollutants such as total nitrogen and the like are effectively reduced. Compared with a third-stage prepositive nitration type O/A biochemical effect wetland system formed by an artificial oxygenation means, the treatment capacity of the third-stage prepositive nitration type O/A biochemical effect wetland system is improved by 1.5-5.6 times compared with that of the third-stage prepositive nitration type O/A biochemical effect wetland system without artificial oxygenation under the same condition.
The water distribution pond, the artificial reoxygenation wetland, the oxidation pond and the plant landscape pond are all internally provided with rainwater overflow systems, the overflow water level of the rainwater overflow systems is 0.2m higher than the designed water level of the wetland, the wetland waterlogging is prevented and treated, and the liquid level can be adjusted.
The wetland reaeration equipment can be a centrifugal blower or a Roots blower according to the requirements of specific projects.
Corresponding aquatic animals and plants are planted and cultivated in the whole multi-stage composite artificial wetland system.
The aeration pipes are uniformly arranged in each level of the packed wetland, so that the wetland is prevented from being completely anaerobic for a long time, and the water quality is prevented from being decomposed.
According to the water flow direction, the multi-stage composite artificial wetland is started from the water distribution pond, the middle of the multi-stage composite artificial wetland is divided into a front-stage multi-type composite artificial wetland and a rear-stage multi-type composite artificial wetland by the artificial reoxygenation wetland and the oxidation pond, and the effluent is finally discharged into the external environment from the plant landscape pond. Tail water of the sewage treatment plant enters the water distribution pond through the pipe duct, the homogenization of water quality and water quantity is realized through the buffer action of the water distribution pond, and the residual chlorine carried out by the disinfection pond of the sewage treatment plant is removed in a trace manner, so that the follow-up wetland microbial system is prevented from being damaged. Meanwhile, the hydraulic loss of the whole wetland is considered in the design process, and the liquid level elevation of the water distribution pond is particularly improved to accumulate hydraulic potential energy, so that the final discharge water level of the wetland is improved.
Wherein the retention time of the low-concentration polluted water body of the water distribution pond is 1-6 h, and the water depth is controlled to be 1.0-2.0 m. The bidirectional vertical subsurface flow wetland is formed by connecting at least 2 homogeneous wetlands in parallel, the length-width ratio of a single wetland is 2:1, and the thickness of a packing layer is controlled to be 1.0-1.2 m. The retention time of the low-concentration polluted water body of the artificial reoxygenation wetland is not less than 5min, and the gas-water ratio is 1: 1. The artificial reoxygenation wetland is divided into 2 sections, the water depth of the front end oxygenation area is controlled to be 1.0-1.5 m, shallow micro aeration pipes are adopted for carrying out submerged oxygenation, the water depth of the tail end static settling area is controlled to be 1.2-2.5 m, and a rainwater overflow pipe is arranged and is 0.2m higher than the water surface. The first-level horizontal subsurface flow wetland is formed by connecting at least 2 homogeneous wetlands in parallel, the length-width ratio of a single wetland is 2:1, the thickness of a filler layer is controlled to be 1.2-1.5 m, and the filler is 0.1-0.2 m higher than a liquid level line. The first-stage surface flow wetland is formed by connecting at least 2 same-type wetlands in parallel, the length-width ratio of a single wetland is 4:1, the thickness of a packing layer is controlled to be 0.8-1.0 m, and the surface flow water depth is controlled to be 0.05-0.2 m. The retention time of the oxidation pond is 3-12 h, the water depth is controlled to be 1.0-2.5 m, and a rainwater overflow pipe is arranged and is 0.2m higher than the water surface. The high-load oxygen-increasing filler type wetland is formed by connecting at least 2 homogeneous wetlands in parallel, the length-width ratio of a single wetland is 2:1, the gas-water ratio is 0.5:1, and the thickness of a filler layer is controlled to be 1.0-1.2 m. The (S-05) secondary surface flow wetland is formed by connecting at least 2 homogeneous wetlands in parallel, and the length-width ratio of a single wetland is 4: 1. The thickness of the filler layer is controlled to be 0.8-1.0 m, and the surface water depth is controlled to be 0.05-0.2 m. The second-stage horizontal subsurface flow wetland is formed by connecting at least 2 homogeneous wetlands in parallel, the length-width ratio of a single wetland is 2:1, the thickness of a packing layer is controlled to be 1.2-1.5 m, and the height of the packing is 0.1-0.2 m higher than a liquid level line. The tail end of the wetland is provided with a fine sand filter layer (belt) with the width of 2-3 m and the granularity of 2-6 mm. The residence time of the (T-04) plant landscape pond is 1-6 h, and the water depth is controlled to be 1.0-2.0 m.
Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the utility model reside in that:
the utility model discloses introduce active fungus crowd biochemical theory, carry out specific wetland technology combination through undercurrent type wetland, surface current type wetland, stable pond etc. to add the constructed reoxygenation facility, establish preceding second grade AO and the leading biochemical effect wetland system of nitrifying type O/A of third level, for low concentration pollution water deep purification provides the ecological microenvironment of enhancement mode, promote unit wetland area pollutant departmentThroughput and processing power. Its BOD5The theoretical load values of ammonia nitrogen, total nitrogen and total phosphorus are respectively 10-60 g/(m)2·d)、 7—18g/(m2·d)、6—12g/(m2·d)、0.1—0.5g/(m2D) the pollution load is increased by 1-6 times compared with the traditional single-stage or single constructed wetland. Meanwhile, the specific arrangement mode between the wetland pond and each type of filler wetland ensures that the multistage composite artificial wetland has more considerable hydraulic impact resistance and smaller head loss, and the blockage of each type of filler wetland can be prevented through the sedimentation and water distribution effects of the wetland pond. Through engineering practice, the method can obtain good pollutant digestion load and reduction absolute value and keep small head loss when the three-stage composite type artificial wetland process is adopted. Through detecting and adopting the utility model provides a during tertiary compound constructed wetland system, BOD5The average reduction load of the ammonia nitrogen, total phosphorus and other pollutant systems respectively reaches: 17.1-32.0 g/(m)2D), 3.0-11.7 g/(m2 d), 8.1-11.6 g/(m2 d), 0.17-0.44 g/(m2 d), the measured values are basically consistent with the theoretical measured values and slightly smaller, but the pollutant reduction load capacity of the wetland still keeps relative advantages compared with the pollutant reduction load capacity of the wetland, especially to BOD5And total nitrogen removal.
The composite artificial wetland can realize the deep purification of the tail water of the municipal sewage treatment plant, so that the quality of the final effluent is improved to over surface IV-class water from the first-class A standard of cities and towns. Compared with the traditional membrane process, the method has the advantages of stable treatment effect (the standard reaching rate is 100%), low operation cost per ton of water (the treatment cost of tail water is 0.03 yuan per ton of water), ecological landscape and environmental greening; compared with single-stage or single artificial wet land process, the method has the advantages of small occupied area per ton of water (the occupied area per ton of water is only 1.0-2.0 m)2) Strong resistance to water impact, stable deep purification performance, wider regional adaptability and the like.
The utility model discloses through many years's constructed wetland operation case and data analysis, look for the law to starting from constructed wetland's purification mechanism, introduce brand-new active flora biochemical theory, constructed wetland ecotype multistage biochemical reaction system, realized macroscopical anaerobism, oxygen deficiency, good oxygen multistage circulation, banked up with earth and done all can, found the multistage circulation of wetland ecotypeAnd various types of constructed wetland dominant microbial floras are cultivated, and an enhanced ecological microenvironment is provided for deep purification of low-concentration polluted water. The utility model discloses the practice mode can adopt artifical reoxygenation technique to shallow layer micropore aeration or micro-nano dissolved gas release mode such as, promote dissolved oxygen volume in the specific district water of compound wetland, form AO interval arrangement's anaerobic zone and aerobic zone in the rivers direction, promote the wetland and nitrify, the denitrification ability, and low concentration BOD5And (4) removing the capacity. Meanwhile, the dissolved oxygen in the reoxygenated water body reaches 2.0-3.0 mg/L, the activity of aerobic microorganisms in an O area can be improved, the thickness of the biochemical degradation layer of the aerobic microorganisms can be enlarged in the packed wetland, more biochemical contact space and time are provided for the complete decomposition of organic matters in the wastewater, and the complete degradation of low-concentration organic matters is ensured.
In a word, the utility model discloses fine solution municipal sewage treatment plant tail water degree of depth purification's a difficult problem, realized quality of water by the promotion of town primary A standard to surface water IV class standard. Meanwhile, the land is saved, and a new idea and a new method are developed for the large-scale deep purification of the tail water of the urban sewage treatment plant and the water quality improvement engineering of the water bodies of the river channel and the lake.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a structural schematic diagram of a multi-stage composite artificial wetland system applied to super-limited purification treatment of low-concentration polluted water.
In the figure: 1. distributing a pond; 2. a bidirectional vertical subsurface flow wetland; 3. artificial reoxygenation wetlands; 4. a first-stage horizontal subsurface wetland; 5. Primary surface flow wetland; 6. an oxidation pond; 7. a high-load oxygen-increasing vertical subsurface flow wetland; 8. a second-stage surface flow wetland; 9. a second-stage horizontal subsurface flow wetland; 10. a plant landscape pond; 11. an overflow partition wall; 12. a, a filler layer; 13. a shallow micro-aeration pipe; 14. A crushed stone effluent weir; 15. submerged plants; 16. b, a filler layer; 17. c, a filler layer; 18. a water inlet micro-nano air releaser; 19. d, a filler layer; 20. e, a filler layer; 21. f, a filler layer; 22. a rainwater overflow system; 23. provided is wetland reoxygenation equipment.
Detailed Description
Referring to fig. 1, the constructed wetland system applied to the super-limited purification treatment of the low-concentration polluted water body comprises a first-stage a/O biochemical effect wetland system, a second-stage a/O biochemical effect wetland system and a third-stage pre-nitrification type O/a biochemical effect wetland system which are sequentially communicated; the first-stage A/O biochemical effect wetland system comprises a water distribution pond 1, a bidirectional vertical subsurface flow wetland 2 and an artificial reoxygenation wetland 3 which are sequentially communicated; the second-stage A/O biochemical effect wetland system comprises a first-stage horizontal subsurface wetland 4, a first-stage surface flow wetland 5 and an oxidation pond 6 which are sequentially communicated; the third-stage prepositive nitration type O/A biochemical effect wetland system comprises a high-load oxygenation type vertical subsurface wetland 7, a second-stage surface flow wetland 8, a second-stage horizontal subsurface flow wetland 9 and a plant landscape pond 10 which are sequentially communicated; the artificial reoxygenation wetland 3 is communicated with the first-stage horizontal subsurface wetland 4; the oxidation pond 6 is communicated with a high-load oxygen-increasing type vertical subsurface wetland 7.
Wherein the water depth of the water distribution pond 1 is 1-2 m; the bidirectional vertical subsurface flow wetland 2 is divided into an upstream vertical subsurface flow wetland at the front end and a downstream vertical subsurface flow wetland at the tail end by an overflow partition wall 11, and an A filler layer 12 is arranged in the bidirectional vertical subsurface flow wetland 2; the artificial reoxygenation wetland 3 is divided into a front end oxygenation area and a tail end static settling area; the water depth of the front end oxygenation zone is 1-1.5 m, and the water depth of the tail end static sinking zone is 1.2-2.5 m. The thickness of the A filler layer 12 is 1-1.2 m; a shallow micro aeration pipe 13 is arranged in the front end oxygenation area; a gravel water outlet weir 14 is arranged in the tail end static settling area, and a submerged plant 15 is arranged at the bottom of the static settling area. The effluent of the water distribution pond 1 is introduced into the bidirectional vertical subsurface flow wetland 2 through the water distribution pipe, and under the action of the upflow vertical subsurface flow wetland, a biochemical environment which mainly takes an anaerobic environment and assists a facultative environment is constructed through the comprehensive biochemical action of substrates, microorganisms and plants in the wetland, so that good conditions are created for the decomposition of organic matters and the denitrification of ammonia nitrogen, and the high-efficiency treatment is realized. The two-way vertical subsurface flow wetland 2 is formed by connecting a plurality of square wetlands with the length and width not more than 3:1 in parallel, the side wall is constructed by a brick-concrete structure, an upper ring beam and a lower ring beam are arranged, waterproof mortar is applied to the side wall, plain soil is tamped at the inner bottom, a fine sand protective layer with the thickness of 3-8 cm is laid, and an HDPE impermeable film is further laid on the fine sand protective layer. The A packing layer 12 is mainly composed of calcareous centimeter stones, and sequentially comprises a coarse sand protective layer, a medium pebble collecting and water distributing layer, a calcareous centimeter stone packing layer, a fine zeolite filtering layer and calcium from bottom to topA texture metric stone packing layer and a fine sand planting layer. The effluent of the two-way vertical subsurface flow wetland 2 enters the artificial reoxygenation wetland 3, the depth of water in an oxygenation area at the front end of the wetland is 1.1-1.3 m, a shallow micro aeration pipe is adopted for carrying out submerged oxygenation, the dissolved oxygen content and the activity of aerobic microorganisms of a water body are improved, the generation of peculiar smell of the water body due to oxygen deficiency is avoided, the depth of water in a tail end static settling area is 1.2-2.3 m, the slightly turbid water body due to aeration oxygenation is clarified again through gravity settling and the blocking effect of aquatic plants, and the blockage of the subsequent wetland is avoided. The wetland is planted with water plants such as myriophyllum viridis, rhizoma Phragmitis and the like. The first-stage A/O biochemical effect wetland system becomes a first defense line for removing pollutants such as ammonia nitrogen, organic matters and the like in the tail water. Through detection, the first-stage A/O biochemical effect wetland system BOD5The average reduction load of pollutants such as ammonia nitrogen, total phosphorus and the like respectively reaches: 19.6-42.0 g/(m)2·d)、5.0—16.7g/(m2·d)、4.1—7.6g/(m2·d)、0.11—0.29g/ (m2·d)。
The effluent of the artificial reoxygenation wetland 3 enters a first-stage horizontal subsurface flow wetland 4. Water flows from one side of the wetland to the other side of the wetland from the gaps of the filler, and the phenomena of stink and breeding of mosquitoes and flies are rare because the water flows in the filler. Horizontal subsurface flow wetland for COD and BOD5And the removal effect of pollutants such as TSS (total nitrogen sulfide) and the like is better, and the deep anaerobic treatment of the pollutants is beneficial to improving the denitrification effect and thoroughly reducing the total nitrogen content in water. The primary horizontal subsurface flow wetland 4 is formed by connecting a plurality of square wetlands with the length and width not more than 3:1 in parallel, the side wall is constructed by a brick-concrete structure, an upper ring beam and a lower ring beam are arranged, waterproof mortar is applied to the side wall, the inner bottom is tamped with plain soil, a fine sand protective layer with the thickness of 3-8 cm is laid, and an HDPE impermeable film is further laid on the fine sand protective layer. The B packing layer 16 mainly comprises calcareous centimeter stones, a coarse sand protection layer is laid on the bottom layer, a medium pebble water collection and distribution layer, a calcareous centimeter stone packing layer, a fine zeolite filter layer, a calcareous centimeter stone packing layer and a fine sand filter layer are sequentially arranged from the water inlet end to the water outlet end, and a fine sand planting layer is laid on the surface layer. First-grade waterThe effluent of the horizontal subsurface flow wetland 4 enters a first-stage surface flow wetland 5, and partial suspended matters, organic matters, nitrogen and total phosphorus in water are removed by fully utilizing the synergistic effect of interception and absorption of aquatic plants and aerobic and anaerobic effects of aquatic animals, microorganisms and the like in the surface flow wetland. The first-stage surface flow wetland 5 is formed by connecting a plurality of square wetlands with the length and width within the range of (3-5): 1 in parallel, the side walls are constructed by brick-concrete structures, an upper ring beam and a lower ring beam are arranged, waterproof mortar is plastered, the inner bottom is tamped by soil, a fine sand protective layer with the thickness of 3-8 cm is paved, and an HDPE impermeable film is paved on the fine sand protective layer. The C packing layer 17 mainly comprises calcareous centimeter stones, a coarse sand protection layer is laid on the bottom layer, a medium pebble water collection and distribution layer, a calcareous centimeter stone packing layer, a fine zeolite filter layer, a calcareous centimeter stone packing layer and a fine sand filter layer are sequentially arranged from the water inlet end to the water outlet end, and a fine sand planting layer is laid on the surface layer. The effluent of the first-level surface flow wetland 5 enters an oxidation pond 6, which is a landscape play center of the whole wetland, and the function of the wetland oxidation pond is realized by planting aquatic plants such as tape grass, eyeweed, hydrilla verticillata and the like. Through detection, the second level A/O biochemical effect wetland system BOD5The average reduction load of pollutants such as ammonia nitrogen, total phosphorus and the like respectively reaches: 9.7-22.0 g/(m)2·d)、3.0—10.7g/(m2·d)、8.1—13.6g/ (m2·d)、0.17—0.44g/(m2·d)。
A water inlet micro-nano air releaser 18 is arranged in the high-load oxygenation type vertical subsurface wetland 7, a D packing layer 19 is also arranged in the high-load oxygenation type vertical subsurface wetland 7, and the thickness of the D packing layer 19 is 1-1.2 m; an E packing layer 20 is arranged in the secondary surface flow wetland 8, the thickness of the E packing layer 20 is 0.8-1 m, and the surface flow water depth of the secondary surface flow wetland 8 is 0.05-0.2 m; an F filler layer 21 is arranged in the secondary horizontal subsurface wetland 9, and the thickness of the F filler layer 21 is 1.2-1.5 m; the plant landscape pond 10 has a water depth of 1-2 m.
The water fed into the oxidation pond 6 directly flows downstream to the high-load oxygenation type vertical subsurface wetland 7. The maximum characteristic of the high-load oxygen-increasing type vertical subsurface wetland 7 is that the outside can provide sufficient oxygen for a filling layer of the wetland, so that the ammonia nitrogen nitration capability of the wetland is obviously improved. Measured byThe third level prepositive nitration type O/A biochemical effect wetland system BOD5The average reduction load of pollutants such as ammonia nitrogen, total phosphorus and the like respectively reaches: 23.1-32.0 g/(m)2D), 5.3-18.2 g/(m2 d), 8.1-11.6 g/(m2 d), 0.21-0.44 g/(m2 d). The high-load oxygen-increasing vertical subsurface flow wetland 7 is formed by connecting a plurality of square wetlands with the length and width not more than 3:1 in parallel, the side wall is constructed by a brick-concrete structure, an upper ring beam and a lower ring beam are arranged, waterproof mortar is plastered, plain soil is tamped at the inner bottom, a fine sand protective layer with the thickness of 3-8 cm is paved, and an HDPE impermeable film is paved on the fine sand protective layer. The D packing layer 19 mainly comprises calcareous centimeter stones, and sequentially comprises a coarse sand protective layer, a medium pebble water collecting and distributing layer, a calcareous centimeter stone packing layer, a fine zeolite filter layer, a calcareous centimeter stone packing layer and a fine sand planting layer from bottom to top. The effluent of the high-load oxygen-increasing vertical subsurface flow wetland 7 enters the secondary surface flow wetland 8, the effect of the high-load oxygen-increasing vertical subsurface flow wetland is consistent with that of the primary surface flow wetland 5, and the effective purification of water quality can be realized. The structure of the secondary surface flow wetland 8 is consistent with that of the primary surface flow wetland 5. The effluent of the second-level surface flow wetland 8 enters a second-level horizontal subsurface flow wetland 9, and the tail end of the second-level horizontal subsurface flow wetland 9 is provided with a sand filtering area, so that the effluent suspended matters reach the standard, the water body of the plant landscape pond 10 is clear, the activity of submerged plants is enhanced, and the dissolved oxygen quantity is ensured to meet the requirements of surface IV water. The structure of the second-level horizontal subsurface flow wetland 9 is consistent with that of the first-level horizontal subsurface flow wetland 4, and the thickness of the fine sand filter layer at the water outlet end is only increased. The effluent of the second-level horizontal subsurface wetland 9 finally enters a plant landscape pond 10, is discharged into peripheral water through an effluent system after standing and homogenizing through the landscape pond 10, and an online monitor is arranged at a discharge port to realize real-time monitoring of water quality. Meanwhile, the plant landscape pond 10 is designed into a science popularization education area for study and visit.
In addition, a rainwater overflow system 21 is arranged in each of the water distribution pond 1, the artificial reoxygenation wetland 3, the oxidation pond 6 and the plant landscape pond 10. The constructed wetland system also comprises wetland reoxygenation equipment 23, and the wetland reoxygenation equipment 23 is connected with the constructed reoxygenation wetland 3 and the high-load oxygen-increasing vertical subsurface wetland 7. Aquatic animals and plants are arranged in the bidirectional vertical subsurface wetland 2, the artificial reoxygenation wetland 3, the primary horizontal subsurface wetland 4, the primary surface flow wetland 5, the high-load oxygen-increasing vertical subsurface flow wetland 7, the secondary surface flow wetland 8 and the secondary horizontal subsurface flow wetland 9. The aquatic animal and plant is at least three of Siberian iris, Ecliptae herba, herba Clinopodii, Reynaudianae, herba Pteridis Multifidae, rhizoma Phragmitis, rhizoma Acori Graminei, herba Lysimachiae Christinae, caulis Zizaniae Caduciflorae, hydrilla verticillata, Goldfish algae, herba Swertiae Bimaculatae, Foliumet algae, river snail, and Cyprinus Carpio.
Through practical detection, based on the utility model discloses its BOD of tertiary compound constructed wetland system of establishing5The average reduction load of pollutants such as ammonia nitrogen, total phosphorus and the like respectively reaches: 17.1-32.0 g/(m)2D), 3.0-11.7 g/(m2 d), 8.1-11.6 g/(m2 d), 0.17-0.44 g/(m2 d), and a water-per-ton floor area of only 1.2m2。
Claims (10)
1. The constructed wetland system for the super-limited purification treatment of the low-concentration polluted water body is characterized by comprising a first-stage A/O biochemical effect wetland system, a second-stage A/O biochemical effect wetland system and a third-stage prepositive nitration type O/A biochemical effect wetland system which are sequentially communicated; the first-stage A/O biochemical effect wetland system comprises a water distribution pond (1), a bidirectional vertical subsurface flow wetland (2) and an artificial reoxygenation wetland (3) which are sequentially communicated; the second-stage A/O biochemical effect wetland system comprises a first-stage horizontal subsurface wetland (4), a first-stage surface flow wetland (5) and an oxidation pond (6) which are sequentially communicated; the third-stage prepositive nitrification type O/A biochemical effect wetland system comprises a high-load oxygenation type vertical subsurface wetland (7), a second-stage surface flow wetland (8), a second-stage horizontal subsurface flow wetland (9) and a plant landscape pond (10) which are communicated in sequence; the artificial reoxygenation wetland (3) is communicated with the first-level horizontal subsurface wetland (4); the oxidation pond (6) is communicated with a high-load oxygen-increasing type vertical subsurface wetland (7).
2. The constructed wetland system according to claim 1, characterized in that the water distribution lagoon (1) has a depth of 1-2 m; the bidirectional vertical subsurface flow wetland (2) is divided into an upstream vertical subsurface flow wetland at the front end and a downstream vertical subsurface flow wetland at the tail end by an overflow partition wall (11), and an A filler layer (12) is arranged in the bidirectional vertical subsurface flow wetland (2); the artificial reoxygenation wetland (3) is divided into a front end oxygenation area and a tail end static settlement area; the water depth of the front end oxygenation zone is 1-1.5 m, and the water depth of the tail end static sinking zone is 1.2-2.5 m.
3. The constructed wetland system according to claim 2, wherein the thickness of the A filler layer (12) is 1-1.2 m; a shallow micro aeration pipe (13) is arranged in the front end oxygenation zone; a gravel water outlet weir (14) is arranged in the tail end static settling area, and a submerged plant (15) is arranged at the bottom of the static settling area.
4. The constructed wetland system according to claim 1, characterized in that a B filler layer (16) is arranged in the primary horizontal subsurface wetland (4), and the thickness of the B filler layer (16) is 1.2-1.5 m; a C packing layer (17) is arranged in the first-stage surface flow wetland (5), the thickness of the C packing layer (17) is 0.8-1 m, and the surface flow water depth of the first-stage surface flow wetland (5) is 0.05-0.2 m; the depth of the oxidation pond (6) is 1-2.5 m.
5. The constructed wetland system according to claim 1, wherein the high-load oxygen-increasing vertical subsurface wetland (7) is provided with a water inlet micro-nano air releaser (18), the high-load oxygen-increasing vertical subsurface wetland (7) is also provided with a D filler layer (19), and the thickness of the D filler layer (19) is 1-1.2 m; an E packing layer (20) is arranged in the secondary surface flow wetland (8), the thickness of the E packing layer (20) is 0.8-1 m, and the surface flow water depth of the secondary surface flow wetland (8) is 0.05-0.2 m; an F filler layer (21) is arranged in the secondary horizontal subsurface wetland (9), and the thickness of the F filler layer (21) is 1.2-1.5 m; the plant landscape pond (10) has a water depth of 1-2 m.
6. The artificial wetland system according to claim 5, characterized in that an on-line monitoring device is arranged in the plant landscape pond (10); the plant landscape pond (10) is communicated with a water outlet system.
7. The artificial wetland system according to claim 1, characterized in that a rainwater overflow system (22) is arranged in each of the distribution pond (1), the artificial reoxygenation wetland (3), the oxidation pond (6) and the plant landscape pond (10).
8. The artificial wetland system according to claim 1, further comprising wetland reoxygenation equipment (23), wherein the wetland reoxygenation equipment (23) is connected with the artificial reoxygenation wetland (3) and the high-load oxygen-increasing vertical subsurface wetland (7).
9. The constructed wetland system according to claim 1, wherein aquatic animals and plants are arranged in the bidirectional vertical subsurface wetland (2), the constructed reoxygenation wetland (3), the primary horizontal subsurface wetland (4), the primary surface flow wetland (5), the high-load oxygen-increasing vertical subsurface wetland (7), the secondary surface flow wetland (8) and the secondary horizontal subsurface flow wetland (9).
10. The constructed wetland system of claim 9, wherein the aquatic animals and plants are at least three of siberian iris, dromey pholiota, saxifrage, thaliana, pinnax, reed, calamus, cupressus, zizania aquatica, hydrilla verticillata, goldfish algae, tape grass, foxtail algae, viviparidae, and carp.
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN110845084A (en) * | 2019-12-05 | 2020-02-28 | 湖南中彩生态环境科技有限公司 | Artificial wetland system applied to super-limit purification treatment of low-concentration polluted water body |
| CN112681489A (en) * | 2020-12-30 | 2021-04-20 | 中国科学院生态环境研究中心 | Sewage pipe network overflow processing system and method |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN110845084A (en) * | 2019-12-05 | 2020-02-28 | 湖南中彩生态环境科技有限公司 | Artificial wetland system applied to super-limit purification treatment of low-concentration polluted water body |
| CN112681489A (en) * | 2020-12-30 | 2021-04-20 | 中国科学院生态环境研究中心 | Sewage pipe network overflow processing system and method |
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