CN211644787U - New rural domestic sewage anaerobic wetland ecological purification system - Google Patents
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E50/00—Technologies for the production of fuel of non-fossil origin
- Y02E50/30—Fuel from waste, e.g. synthetic alcohol or diesel
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Abstract
本实用新型涉及新农村生活污水厌氧湿地生态净化系统,包括依次连通的除渣栅网槽、沉砂调节水解酸化池、多级厌氧池、沉淀池、过滤池、人工湿地和回用水池;多级厌氧池产生的沼气通入气水分离装置,所述气水分离装置的排水口连通沉砂调节水解酸化池,气水分离装置的排气口连通脱硫装置,脱硫装置的排气口连接储气罐。本实用新型采用厌氧与湿地相结合,污染物去除率高,出水水质好。采用厌氧处理,低能耗,处理过程中不用曝气,避免了臭气扩散对周边大气环境的污染,而且没有任何噪音产生;其耗能低、产气量好,产生沼气作为燃料,实现产能增效,减少污染;处理净化达到排放标准、回用作清洁、冷却、农灌用水,或储存作消防用水、生态塘养鱼用水。
The utility model relates to a new rural domestic sewage anaerobic wetland ecological purification system. The biogas produced by the multi-stage anaerobic tank is passed into the gas-water separation device, the water outlet of the gas-water separation device is connected to the sand settling adjustment hydrolysis acidification tank, the exhaust port of the gas-water separation device is connected to the desulfurization device, and the exhaust of the desulfurization device is connected. connection to the air tank. The utility model adopts the combination of anaerobic and wetland, the pollutant removal rate is high, and the effluent quality is good. It adopts anaerobic treatment, low energy consumption, no aeration in the treatment process, avoids the pollution of odor diffusion to the surrounding atmospheric environment, and does not generate any noise; it has low energy consumption, good gas production, and generates biogas as fuel to increase production capacity. reduce pollution; treat and purify to meet discharge standards, reuse it as water for cleaning, cooling, and agricultural irrigation, or store it as water for firefighting, and water for fish farming in ecological ponds.
Description
技术领域technical field
本实用新型涉及废/污水处理净化技术领域,尤其涉及新农村生活污水厌氧湿地生态净化系统。The utility model relates to the technical field of waste/sewage treatment and purification, in particular to a new rural domestic sewage anaerobic wetland ecological purification system.
背景技术Background technique
中国水资源缺乏和水污染严重地制约着我国总体经济的健康持续发展,基础设施滞后和管理水平低下抑制了农村地区居民生活质量的改善和提高,国家正在加大力度扶持新农村水改项目,农村地区的水环境治理应成为我国环境综合治理的重要组成部分。The lack of water resources and water pollution in China are seriously restricting the healthy and sustainable development of my country's overall economy. The lagging infrastructure and low management level have inhibited the improvement and improvement of the quality of life of residents in rural areas. The state is stepping up efforts to support new rural water reform projects. Water environment management in rural areas should become an important part of my country's comprehensive environmental management.
广大农村大量存在以动植物为原料生产产品( 包括畜禽渔养殖业及所需饲料)排放的生产废( 污) 水,以及人类活动产生的生活污水。这些污水不经处理就排放,会对环境造成污染。In the vast rural areas, there are a lot of production waste (sewage) water discharged from the production of products (including livestock, poultry, aquaculture and required feed) using animals and plants as raw materials, as well as domestic sewage generated by human activities. These sewage are discharged without treatment, which will pollute the environment.
实用新型内容Utility model content
本实用新型旨在提供新农村生活污水厌氧湿地生态净化系统,可对新农村生活污水进行净化。The utility model aims to provide a new rural domestic sewage anaerobic wetland ecological purification system, which can purify the new rural domestic sewage.
为达到上述目的,本实用新型采用的生态技术,方案如下:In order to achieve the above object, the ecological technology adopted by the present utility model, the scheme is as follows:
新农村生活污水厌氧湿地生态净化系统,包括依次连通的除渣栅网槽、沉砂调节水解酸化池、多级厌氧池、沉淀池、过滤池、人工湿地和回用水池;New rural domestic sewage anaerobic wetland ecological purification system, including slag removal grid tank, sand settling adjustment hydrolysis acidification tank, multi-stage anaerobic tank, sedimentation tank, filter tank, artificial wetland and reuse tank connected in sequence;
多级厌氧池产生的沼气通入气水分离装置,所述气水分离装置的排水口连通沉砂调节水解酸化池,气水分离装置的排气口连通脱硫装置,脱硫装置的排气口连接储气罐。The biogas generated by the multi-stage anaerobic tank is passed into the gas-water separation device, the water outlet of the gas-water separation device is connected to the sand settling adjustment hydrolysis acidification tank, the exhaust port of the gas-water separation device is connected to the desulfurization device, and the exhaust port of the desulfurization device is connected. Connect the air tank.
进一步的,所述沉淀池底部设污泥泵,污泥泵出口连接排污管,排污管连接污泥浓缩池,所述污泥浓缩池的出液口与沉砂调节水解酸化池连通。Further, a sludge pump is provided at the bottom of the sedimentation tank, the outlet of the sludge pump is connected to a sewage pipe, and the sewage pipe is connected to a sludge thickening tank, and the liquid outlet of the sludge thickening tank is communicated with the sand settling adjustment, hydrolysis and acidification tank.
进一步的,沉淀池内设有斜管区,厌氧池顶部的出水通过管道引流到斜管区下方。Further, an inclined pipe area is arranged in the sedimentation tank, and the effluent from the top of the anaerobic tank is drained to the bottom of the inclined pipe area through a pipeline.
优选地,所述多级厌氧池为两级厌氧池。Preferably, the multi-stage anaerobic pond is a two-stage anaerobic pond.
或者,所述多级厌氧池为三级厌氧池。Alternatively, the multi-stage anaerobic tank is a three-stage anaerobic tank.
优选地,所述三级厌氧池分别为:第一级厌氧复合污泥床高效厌氧池、第二级下流式固定生物膜高效厌氧池、第三级上流式厌氧过滤高效厌氧池。Preferably, the three-stage anaerobic tanks are respectively: a first-level anaerobic composite sludge bed high-efficiency anaerobic tank, a second-level down-flow fixed biofilm high-efficiency anaerobic tank, and a third-level up-flow anaerobic filtration high-efficiency anaerobic tank Oxygen pool.
其中,厌氧池间设调压池。Among them, a pressure regulating tank is set between the anaerobic tanks.
进一步的,人工湿地与回用水池间设取样井。Further, sampling wells are set between the constructed wetland and the reuse pool.
进一步的,沉砂调节水解酸化池底部设布水器,布水器上方置多孔填料,多孔填料为塑泡多孔填料、或弹性填料、或BF填料。Further, a water distributor is arranged at the bottom of the sand settling adjustment hydrolysis and acidification tank, and a porous filler is arranged above the water distributor, and the porous filler is a plastic foam porous filler, or an elastic filler, or a BF filler.
进一步的,除渣栅网槽与沉砂调节水解酸化池连槽设置。Further, the slag-removing grid groove and the sand settling adjustment hydrolysis and acidification tank are connected together.
与现有技术相比,本实用新型具有以下显著效果:Compared with the prior art, the utility model has the following remarkable effects:
1,本实用新型采用厌氧与湿地相结合,污染物去除率高,出水质好;其耗能低、产气量好,产生沼气作燃料,实现产能增效,减少污染;处理净化达到排放标准、回用作清洁、冷却、农灌用水,或储存作消防用水、生态塘养鱼用水;1, the utility model adopts the combination of anaerobic and wetland, the pollutant removal rate is high, and the effluent water quality is good; its energy consumption is low, the gas production is good, and the biogas is generated as fuel, so as to realize the efficiency increase of production capacity and reduce pollution; the treatment and purification meet the emission standard. , reused as water for cleaning, cooling, agricultural irrigation, or stored as water for firefighting, water for fish farming in ecological ponds;
2,本实用新型采用厌氧处理,低能耗、低投资、低运行费用、管理简单,而且产生的污泥很少,仅是好氧的1/6-1/10,相应处理费用亦少;2. The utility model adopts anaerobic treatment, which has low energy consumption, low investment, low operating cost, simple management, and produces little sludge, which is only 1/6-1/10 of that of aerobic treatment, and the corresponding treatment cost is also low;
3,采用本实用新型处理过程中不用曝气,避免了臭气扩散对周边大气环境的污染,而且没有任何噪音产生;3. No aeration is required in the treatment process of the utility model, which avoids the pollution of the surrounding atmospheric environment caused by the diffusion of odor, and does not generate any noise;
4,人工湿地的设置使水流在地表以下流动,受气候影响小、卫生条件好、地面可作景观绿化用地,对有机污染物和重金属等去除效果好。4. Constructed wetlands allow water to flow below the surface, less affected by climate, good sanitation conditions, and the ground can be used for landscape greening, which has a good removal effect on organic pollutants and heavy metals.
附图说明Description of drawings
图1是本实用新型的结构示意图;Fig. 1 is the structural representation of the present utility model;
图2是三级厌氧池的原理图;Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of a three-stage anaerobic tank;
图3是人工湿地的剖面图;Figure 3 is a sectional view of a constructed wetland;
图4是人工湿地的布水器的平面图;Fig. 4 is the plan view of the water distributor of constructed wetland;
图5是沉砂调节水解酸化池的平面图。Figure 5 is a plan view of a grit regulated hydrolysis acidification tank.
具体实施方式Detailed ways
为了使本实用新型的目的、生态技术方案及优点更加清楚明白,以下结合附图,对本实用新型进行进一步详细说明。In order to make the objectives, ecological technical solutions and advantages of the present utility model clearer, the present utility model will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
如图1所示,本实用新型公开的新农村生活污水厌氧湿地生态净化系统,包括依次连通的除渣栅网槽1、沉砂调节水解酸化池2、多级厌氧池、沉淀池6、过滤池5、人工湿地7和回用水池9。As shown in FIG. 1, the new rural domestic sewage anaerobic wetland ecological purification system disclosed by the present utility model includes a slag
沉砂调节水解酸化池2为集除渣沉砂、均化/水解酸化与PH调节改性功能于一体的联槽池。且为了发挥厌氧水解酸化过程高效功能,该池设布水器于底部的活性污泥中;活性污泥上方置填料,填料为塑泡多孔填料、或弹性填料、或BF填料。沉砂调节水解酸化池2使处理进水水质均匀、水量相对稳定,而且可提高后续生化处理池降解污染物质的比率。The sand settling adjustment hydrolysis and
如图5所示,在沉砂调节水解酸化池2入口设除渣栅网槽101,除渣栅网槽101内设置人工或机械格栅和10-20目不锈钢丝网实现除渣。格栅设置两道,一道间隙为10mm,另一道间隙为5mm,污水流经格栅可去除粗大渣物以免堵塞后续处理设施、设备,利于影响处理效果。为节省成本,可采用人工定期清渣。沉砂调节水解酸化池2紧连除渣栅网槽101设置。As shown in Figure 5, a slag removal grid slot 101 is set at the entrance of the sand settling adjustment
如图1所示,本实施方式中包括两级厌氧池;分别为第一级厌氧池3和第二级厌氧池4。As shown in FIG. 1 , this embodiment includes two-stage anaerobic tanks; the first-level
如图2所示,在另一个实施方式中,多级厌氧池为三级厌氧池。三级厌氧池分别为:第一级厌氧复合污泥床高效厌氧池、第二级下流式固定生物膜高效厌氧池、第三级上流式厌氧过滤高效厌氧池。As shown in Figure 2, in another embodiment, the multi-stage anaerobic pond is a three-stage anaerobic pond. The three-level anaerobic tanks are: the first-level anaerobic composite sludge bed high-efficiency anaerobic tank, the second-level down-flow fixed biofilm high-efficiency anaerobic tank, and the third-level up-flow anaerobic filtration high-efficiency anaerobic tank.
第一级厌氧复合污泥床高效厌氧池为上流式厌氧污泥床反应器的活性污泥床和厌氧过滤器、降流式厌氧过滤器滤料生物膜床组合,配上布水器,组成的“UASB+AF”反应器,简称第一级UASB+AF。该反应器下部1.0m为活性污泥床、床底安装接前池来水的布水器,其上为1.0—3.0m滤(填)料生物膜床。以上尺寸为本实施方式提供的参考,具体尺寸应视水量、池有效水深确定。The first-stage anaerobic composite sludge bed high-efficiency anaerobic tank is a combination of activated sludge bed and anaerobic filter, and down-flow anaerobic filter filter material biofilm bed of the up-flow anaerobic sludge bed reactor. The water distributor is composed of a "UASB+AF" reactor, referred to as the first-stage UASB+AF. The lower 1.0m of the reactor is the activated sludge bed, and the bottom of the bed is installed with a water distributor connected to the incoming water from the forepond, and above it is a 1.0-3.0m filter (packing) biofilm bed. The above dimensions are provided for reference in this embodiment, and the specific dimensions should be determined according to the amount of water and the effective water depth of the pool.
污泥床底部的布水器,使污水从下往上让活性污泥消化,并让具充分活性的污泥床在代谢中使颗粒污泥富集驯化而繁殖。The water distributor at the bottom of the sludge bed makes the sewage digest the activated sludge from bottom to top, and allows the fully activated sludge bed to enrich and domesticate the granular sludge during metabolism.
厌氧过滤器、降流式厌氧过滤器,其核心是滤(填)料生物膜床,废水无论以升流、降流方式通过之,均系其起关键作用,其不耗能且产沼气CH4,进入正常运行后管理简单。The core of anaerobic filter and downflow anaerobic filter is the filter (packing) biofilm bed. Whether the wastewater passes through it in the way of upflow or downflow, it plays a key role, and it does not consume energy and produce Biogas CH4 is easy to manage after entering normal operation.
第二级高效厌氧池为下流式固定生物膜高效厌氧池,简称第二级DSFF厌氧池;第三级高效厌氧池为上流式厌氧过滤高效厌氧池,简称第三级AF厌氧池。厌氧池内安富集厌氧颗粒污泥,可使单位容积负荷、污染物降除率大大提高,可减少池容,缩小占地面积,降低投资、运行成本。The second-level high-efficiency anaerobic tank is a downflow fixed biofilm high-efficiency anaerobic tank, referred to as the second-level DSFF anaerobic tank; the third-level high-efficiency anaerobic tank is an up-flow anaerobic filtration high-efficiency anaerobic tank, referred to as the third-level AF. Anaerobic pool. The anaerobic granular sludge is safely enriched in the anaerobic tank, which can greatly improve the unit volume load and pollutant removal rate, reduce the tank capacity, reduce the floor space, and reduce investment and operating costs.
多级厌氧池产生的沼气通入气水分离装置16,所述气水分离装置16的排水口连通除渣栅网槽1,气水分离装置16的排气口连通脱硫装置17,脱硫装置17的排气口连接储气罐19。产生的沼气可燃用。The biogas produced by the multi-stage anaerobic tank is passed into the gas-
沉淀池6内设有斜管区61,最后一级厌氧池顶部的出水通过管道引流到斜管区61下方。所述沉淀池6底部设污泥泵62,污泥泵62出口连接排污管,排污管连接污泥浓缩池13,所述污泥浓缩池13的出液口与沉砂调节水解酸化池2连通。The
沉淀池6的上清液自流进入过滤池5,经过滤池5过滤后,流入大面积的人工湿地7。The supernatant of the
如图3所示,人工湿地7包括从下往上设置的素土夯实层71、100mm厚C15垫层72、SBS防水层73、200mm 厚C20砼底板74、600mm厚,φ50~φ100mm湿地专用填料75、土工布76、200mm厚湿地植物专用种植土77。每层的厚度根据实际需要可合理设置。湿地专用填料75可选择卵石、碎石、河沙等;可种植旱伞草、莎草、再力花、黑藻、大漂等湿地植物。如图3、4所示,湿地专用填料75内有布水器78,布水器78的主管连通入水沟79,布水器78的支管781上间隔5cm切割宽5mm、深4cm溢水口,溢水口外包土工布封头。As shown in Figure 3, the constructed
人工湿地7出水进入回用水池9,回用水池9中安装回用水泵91,回用水泵91用于将回用水池9中的水抽出作清洁、冷却、农灌用水,或存储作消防用水、生态塘养鱼用水等。The water from the constructed
本实用新型的原理如下:The principle of the present utility model is as follows:
生活污水进入除渣栅网槽1,污水通过格栅网后,其粗大、可沉固体及漂浮物被拦截;自流进入沉砂调节水解酸化池2,沉砂调节水解酸化池2对污水进行泥沙沉淀、水质水量调节,而且大分子有机物水解酸化转化为小分子有机物,被分解成稳定的沉渣,同时避免后续人工湿地填料的堵塞,进行反硝化将有机氮转化为氨氮;The domestic sewage enters the slag
沉砂调节水解酸化池2出水自流进入第一级UASB+AF厌氧池池底区的布水器,布水器将污水分布予高活性厌氧污泥床和厌氧复合床反应区,从而对污水中的高浓度有机物进行处理,处理后的污水流入调压池,再依次经第二级DSFF厌氧池、调压池和第三级AF厌氧池处理;在三级厌氧池内厌氧菌的作用下分解污水中的大部分有机物;经过前段微生物处理后的水排入沉淀池6,经沉淀池6沉淀后的清水自流进入过滤池5,去除污水中残存的有机物;过滤池5过滤后的水进入人工湿地,人工湿地通过模拟和强化自然湿地功能,将污水有控制地投配到湿地填料,湿地表面种植水生植物,污水沿一定方向流动的过程中,在填料、植物及微生物的物理、化学和生物的三重作用下,污水中污染物质通过填料过滤、植物吸收、微生物吸附降解来实现对污水的高效净化,污水中有机污染物和杂质在植物、土壤的吸附吸收作用下基本上在该段被去除,出水可直接用于农灌。The effluent from sand settling adjustment hydrolysis and
人工湿地7出水进入回用水池9中进行蓄水。厌氧池和沉淀池6的污泥排入污泥浓缩池13内,污泥浓缩池13内的清液引入沉砂调节水解酸化池2内继续进行微生物处理,污泥浓缩池13内的固体则人工外运处置。The effluent from the constructed
下面介绍使用本实用新型的使用方法:The following introduces the use method of the present utility model:
生活污水经设格栅间隙从10㎜到5㎜两道除渣、再经10-20目的不锈钢丝网过滤,砂粒入槽,然后进入沉砂调节水解酸化池2;The domestic sewage is slag-removed in two steps from 10 mm to 5 mm by setting the grid gap, and then filtered by a 10-20 mesh stainless steel wire mesh, and the sand particles enter the tank, and then enter the sand settling adjustment hydrolysis and
沉砂调节水解酸化池2,让生物质有机废水经2.5-5.0h的水解酸化后,COD、BOD、SS分别被去除40%、30%、80%左右后进入后处理,应用时应充分利用该阶段的此效果,对后期厌氧处理十分有利。将其与水处理的集水、均化调节和厌氧池的调压间组合一体,可实现多工艺、功能集成、缩小反应器,节约投资、运行、管理费用。Settling sand adjusts hydrolysis and
三级厌氧池总池容按常温运行为:V=Q×1.5×a,a=3-10;当BOD≤200㎎/L时,a取3;当BOD≥200㎎/L时,a取3以上。The total tank capacity of the three-stage anaerobic tank runs at room temperature as: V=Q×1.5×a, a=3-10; when BOD≤200㎎/L, a is 3; when BOD≥200㎎/L, a
经水解、三级厌氧处理后,生活污水中的生物质有机废水已大多达灌溉水要求、甚至更佳,后接过滤和人工湿地处理,可达标排放或回用。具体因地制宜对出水或根据需要回用作清洁、冷却、农灌用水,或存储作消防用水、生态塘养鱼用水等。After hydrolysis and tertiary anaerobic treatment, the biomass organic wastewater in the domestic sewage has reached the requirements of irrigation water, or even better, followed by filtration and artificial wetland treatment, which can be discharged or reused up to the standard. According to local conditions, the effluent can be reused as water for cleaning, cooling and agricultural irrigation, or stored as water for firefighting, water for fish farming in ecological ponds, etc.
各池产生污泥以视运行1年至多不超2年见出水浑浊,采用污泥泵管抽吸外运其它需处作菌种、或农林果蔬肥、或运垃圾场处理。在实际运用中应采取接种、培养、驯化污泥,便能较快启动、正常运行。Sludge produced by each pool may be turbid after 1 year of operation and no more than 2 years, and the sludge pump pipe is used to pump and transport it to other places that need to be used as bacteria, or agricultural, forestry, fruit and vegetable fertilizer, or transported to the garbage dump for disposal. In practical application, inoculation, cultivation and domestication of sludge should be adopted, so that it can start up and operate normally.
本实用新型采用厌氧与湿地相结合,污染物去除率高,出水质好;其耗能低、产气量好,产生沼气作燃料,实现产能增效,减少污染;厌氧处理,低能耗、低投资、低运行费用、管理简单,而且产生的污泥很少,仅是好氧的1/6-1/10,相应处理费用亦少;人工湿地的设置使水流在地表以下流动,受气候影响小、卫生条件好、地面可作景观绿化用地,对有机污染物和重金属等去除效果好。The utility model adopts the combination of anaerobic and wetland, the pollutant removal rate is high, the effluent water quality is good; the energy consumption is low, the gas production is good, the biogas is generated as fuel, the production capacity is increased, the pollution is reduced; the anaerobic treatment, the low energy consumption, Low investment, low operating cost, simple management, and very little sludge, only 1/6-1/10 of aerobic, corresponding treatment cost is also low; the setting of artificial wetland makes the water flow below the surface, which is affected by the climate. The impact is small, the sanitary conditions are good, the ground can be used for landscape greening, and the removal effect of organic pollutants and heavy metals is good.
本实用新型,还可有其它多种实施方式,在不背离本实用新型精神及其实质的情况下,熟悉本领域的技术人员可根据本实用新型作出各种相应的改变和变形。The present utility model may also have other various embodiments, and those skilled in the art can make various corresponding changes and deformations according to the present utility model without departing from the spirit and essence of the present utility model.
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CN114086655A (en) * | 2021-12-22 | 2022-02-25 | 陕西建工第十二建设集团有限公司 | Rural unpowered treatment type sewage service well capable of utilizing building wastes |
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CN112266076A (en) * | 2020-10-23 | 2021-01-26 | 广东石油化工学院 | Artificial wetland system for nitrogen and phosphorus removal and treatment method thereof |
CN114086655A (en) * | 2021-12-22 | 2022-02-25 | 陕西建工第十二建设集团有限公司 | Rural unpowered treatment type sewage service well capable of utilizing building wastes |
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