CN103449682B - Device and method for denitrification and dephosphorization by using industrial solid wastes - Google Patents
Device and method for denitrification and dephosphorization by using industrial solid wastes Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention belongs to the field of denitrification and dephosphorization of sewage and discloses a device and method for denitrification and dephosphorization by using industrial solid wastes. The device comprises a first-stage device and a second-stage device, wherein the first-stage device is horizontally arranged at the front part of the second-stage device, the bottom of the first-stage device is communicated with the bottom of the second-stage device through a pipeline, and an electromagnetic valve II and a water pump are arranged on the pipeline; a plant layer, a first-stage device reaction filtering material and pebbles are sequentially arranged in the first-stage device from top to bottom, and the first-stage device reaction filtering material is a mixture of dehydrated aluminum sludge and light-burned magnesia or a mixture of dehydrated aluminum sludge and red sand; a second-stage device reaction filtering material and pebbles are sequentially arranged in the second-stage device from top to bottom, and the second-stage device reaction filtering material is a mixture of acid neutralized residues and light-burned magnesia or a mixture of acid neutralized residues and red-mud granules. According to the device and the method, a synergy mechanism of the filtering materials is fully exerted, and a reasonable operating process is matched, thereby realizing the aims that the floor area is small, the operating cost is low, and the nitrogen and phosphorus are efficiently removed from the sewage.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to sewage denitrification and dephosphorization field, more particularly, relate to a kind of industrial solid castoff that utilizes and the device and method of denitrogenation dephosphorizing is carried out to domestic sewage in rural areas and livestock breeding wastewater.
Background technology
Along with developing rapidly of China's economy, the pollution problem of life in the countryside and livestock breeding wastewater is day by day serious.The maximum feature of two type sewage is that concentration of nitrogen and phosphorus is high.Nitrogen phosphorus is also the composition that in wastewater pollutants, concerned degree is the highest.Water body as one important assemble ground, along with nitrogen phosphorus constantly input and saturated time, a series of serious environmental problems such as body eutrophication can be caused, bring certain negative impact to the productive life of the mankind simultaneously, build and be applicable to the distribution of country sewage distributing and livestock and poultry cultivation scale feature and the Sewage treatment systems efficiently can removing nitrogen phosphorus is imperative.
The popularity rate of current China domestic sewage in rural areas and livestock and poultry farm waste water disposal facility is lower, and a part of facility also exists the problem that treatment process is simple, effect is bad; Although part pollutant removal is better, its cost of investment is large, need great number working cost or larger land area, and such as some anaerobic aerobic integrated metallization processes running costs are high, energy consumption large, and artificial swamp occupies a large amount of soil, capital cost is high; The clearance of some technique to nitrogen or phosphorus is higher, but both cannot be made efficiently to remove for a long time, such as sand filtration treatment system and algae pool technology.For the object reaching less energy-consumption, high-level efficiency removes nitrogen phosphorus in waste water, core thinking is utilized as with the efficient circulation of resource, study new treatment facility and operation process, and being effectively applied to life in the countryside and livestock and poultry farm sewage disposal, this matches with the general objective of whole environmental protection and economy Sustainable development.
The medium that filtrate reacts as sewage disposal, the quality of its performance directly affects the efficiency of nitrogen and phosphorus ligands in sewage, and in existing report, some trade waste is widely used in sewage disposal, such as hard coal, slag, flyash etc.The comprehensive utilization of the byproduct produced in water factory, mining industry and metallurgical process in recent years becomes study hotspot, comprising in dehydration aluminium mud, acid and residue, light calcined magnesia, red sand and red soil spherolite.In dehydration aluminium mud, acid and residue and light calcined magnesia come from by product in the Water treatment of waterworks respectively, produce the residue that produces in rutile process and magnesium oxide produce in resistates, the above two contain abundant iron and calcium, the latter is based on magnesium oxide, analyze to water pollutant removal aspect, dehydration aluminium mud has good effect to sewage denitrification and dephosphorization, can reduce the concentration of dissolved organic matter in surface water body, nitrogen and phosphorus in acid with residue, light calcined magnesia removes the phosphorus in sewage by chemisorption; Red sand and red soil spherolite are the wastes of different shape in aluminum oxide refining, and this kind of residue is rich in iron, efficiently can remove in the treatment of waste water and adsorb nutritive substance and micro-metals.Above-mentioned several industrial solid castoff has larger specific surface area in addition, certain adsorptive power is had to the pollutent in water body, chemical constitution stablizes non-secondary pollution simultaneously, if a few person can be combined as filtering media application in life in the countryside and livestock breeding wastewater treatment technology, the reaction medium of lower price high efficiency can be provided on the one hand, a kind of processing mode of new recycling also can be provided on the other hand.
There is above-mentioned several trade waste to dispose of sewage or surface water as filtrate separately in existing document, rarely have and adopt two or more filtrate mixing aftertreatment sanitary sewage or livestock breeding wastewater; In addition, it is limited that single filter material removes dirty pollutant in water kind, and filtrate mixes and directly carries out sewage disposal nitrogen, phosphorus ligands weak effect; There is the problem that floor space is large, working cost is high in some technology in addition.
Summary of the invention
1. the technical problem that will solve
Construction and operation can not be had concurrently for various existing domestic sewage in rural areas and the small-sized treatment system of livestock breeding wastewater with low cost and efficiently can remove the problem of nitrogen and phosphorus in sewage simultaneously, the invention provides a kind of device and method utilizing industrial solid castoff denitrogenation dephosphorizing.These apparatus and method give full play to filtrate synergy mechanism, are equipped with rational operation process simultaneously, achieve that floor space is little, working cost is low, the object that in sewage, nitrogen and phosphorus efficiency are removed.
2. technical scheme
Principle of the present invention: adopt in dehydration aluminium mud, acid and the trade waste such as residue, light calcined magnesia, red sand and red soil spherolite as filtrate, the larger specific surface area of filtrate itself is utilized to adsorb the phosphorus in sewage, simultaneously by the operation process that two-layer configuration, stage by stage water inlet and anaerobic-aerobic hocket, the activity giving full play to the denitrification microorganism function yeast existed on filtrate carries out efficiency utilization to the nitrogen in sewage.
Object of the present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions.
A kind of device utilizing industrial solid castoff denitrogenation dephosphorizing, comprise further device and secondary device, described further device is horizontally set on the front portion of secondary device, and the bottom of the bottom of described further device and secondary device is by pipeline communication, this pipeline is provided with No. two magnetic valves and water pump;
Be followed successively by layer of plants, further device reaction filtrate and pebbles in described further device from top to bottom, further device reaction filtrate is dehydration aluminium mud and the mixture of light calcined magnesia or the mixture of dewater aluminium mud and red sand;
Described secondary device is followed successively by secondary device reaction filtrate and pebbles from top to bottom, secondary device reaction filtrate be in acid and in the mixture of residue and light calcined magnesia or acid with the mixture of residue and red soil spherolite;
In in the further device reaction filtrate of described further device, bottom is provided with aeration diffusing opening, the pipeline that aeration diffusing opening is connected with air compressor is arranged a magnetic valve, and further device side is provided with bottom and upper end that reflux line is communicated with further device, and this reflux line arranges reflux pump.
Preferably, described air compressor, reflux pump, water pump, a magnetic valve are all connected with automatic control system with No. two magnetic valves.
Utilize a method for industrial solid castoff denitrogenation dephosphorizing, the steps include:
(1) build said apparatus, switch off the pump and No. two magnetic valves, in further device, sewage treatment process divides two steps:
First the raw waste water of further device useful volume 50 ~ 70% volume enters from further device top and stop certain hour under anaerobic state, starts aerobic aeration while refluxing portion sewage;
After aeration terminates, the raw waste water that further device is distributed into further device useful volume 30 ~ 50% volume again makes further device reach at full capacity, and under anaerobic state, stop certain hour, refluxing portion sewage starts aerobic aeration simultaneously again;
(2) water pump and No. two magnetic valves are opened, sewage after further device process is entered from secondary device bottom, sewage and secondary device react filtrate and contact and mix, stop certain hour after sewage all in further device is pumped into secondary device, the sewage after process is discharged from secondary device bottom pebbles layer.
Preferably, twice anaerobic state residence time is respectively 40 ~ 60min, 70 ~ 90min to described further device in step (1), and the aerobic aeration time is respectively 40 ~ 60min, 30 ~ 50min, and aeration rate is 2.0 ~ 5.0mL h
-1l
-1, the ratio that sewage backflow amount accounts for flooding quantity is 60 ~ 90%.
Preferably, described secondary device hydraulic detention time is 30 ~ 60min.
3. beneficial effect
Compared to prior art, the invention has the advantages that:
(1) apparatus and method of the sewage denitrification and dephosphorization of the present invention's proposition, utilize industrial solid castoff as reaction medium, by structure two-layer configuration, implement the mode of water distribution and anaerobic-aerobic alternate run stage by stage, thus achieve nitrogen and phosphorus two kinds of nutritive substances in sewage and efficiently remove;
(2) several industrial solid castoff of apparatus and method regeneration of the present invention is as filtrate, and the physicochemical property of several filtrate are convenient to absorption and denitrifier plays active, and two-layer configuration design adds sewage and filler catalytic time; Water distribution supplements the carbon source in device in time stage by stage simultaneously, is beneficial to the carrying out of denitrification denitrogenation; In addition, the mode of anaerobic-aerobic alternate run increases the frequency of nitrification and denitrification, improves the clearance of nitrogen.Above-mentioned measure ensure that nitrogen in waste water and phosphorus are processed more fully;
(3) device and method of the present invention selects the operation scheme of multiple filtrate unitized design, independent a kind of filtrate can be avoided to remove dirty pollutant in water kind single, adopt cloth and the combined method of science simultaneously, overcome filtrate directly to combine and carry out sewage disposal nitrogen, problem that tp removal rate is low, ensure that the efficient removal of nitrogen phosphorus;
(4) with low cost, the Be very effective of selected materials of the present invention, is especially applicable to domestic sewage in rural areas and livestock breeding wastewater process, has larger market outlook and application value.
Accompanying drawing illustrates:
Fig. 1 is structural representation of the present invention.
In figure: 1, further device; 2, secondary device; 3, further device reaction filtrate; 4, secondary device reaction filtrate; 5, layer of plants; 6, pebbles; 7, aeration diffusing opening; 8, air compressor; 9, reflux pump; 10, water pump; 11, a magnetic valve; 12, No. two magnetic valves; 13, automatic control system.
Embodiment:
Below in conjunction with drawings and Examples, the present invention will be further described.
Embodiment 1: certain domestic sewage in rural areas is processed
As Fig. 1, the cylindrical high 1.6m of further device 1, diameter 1.2m, height of filter media layer 1.5m, useful volume 1.7m3, further device reaction filtrate 3 layers and pebbles 6 layer height are respectively 1.4m and 10cm, further device reaction filtrate 3 selects dehydration aluminium mud and light calcined magnesia, both are respectively from certain waterworks and certain magnesium oxide factory, further device 1 top serike layer 5, and kind is for hanging Zhong Liu; Secondary device 2 is cylindrical and dimensional structure is identical with further device 1, and secondary device reaction filtrate 4 is selected in acid and residue and light calcined magnesia, and both are respectively from certain ilmenite factory and certain magnesium oxide factory; The bottom of further device 1 is communicated with the bottom pipe laying of secondary device 2, this pipeline is provided with No. two magnetic valves 12 and water pump 10; Bottom the further device reaction filtrate 3 of further device 1, aeration diffusing opening 7 is installed, air compressor 8 is utilized to blast in further device 1 by air by aeration diffusing opening 7, the pipeline that air compressor 8 is connected with aeration diffusing opening 7 arranges a magnetic valve 11, and further device 1 reflux line arranges reflux pump 9; Air compressor 8, reflux pump 9, water pump 10, magnetic valve 11 are all connected with automatic control system 13 with No. two magnetic valves 12; Whole device and pipeline are all made by PVC material.
Running situation: be 1.0m at hydraulic load
3m-
2d
-1condition under carry out water distribution, first, control to switch off the pump 10 and No. two magnetic valves 12, by the raw waste water (1.0m of further device 1 useful volume 60% volume by automatic control system 13
3) be distributed into this device from further device 1 top, under anaerobic state, stop 45min, pass through reflux pump 9 after stopping by 0.7m
3sewage backflow to further device 1 top, open air compressor 8 and a magnetic valve 11, the aerobic aeration time is 50min, blasts air capacity 3.0mL h simultaneously
-1l
-1; After aeration terminates, further device 1 is distributed into the raw waste water (0.7m of further device 1 useful volume 40% volume again
3), under anaerobic state, stop 70min, pass through reflux pump 9 after stop by 1.2m
3sewage backflow to further device 1 top, start aerobic blast aeration, secondary aeration time is 40min simultaneously, blasts air capacity 3.0mL h
-1l
-1; After secondary aeration terminates, open water pump 10 and No. two magnetic valves 12, the sewage after further device 1 processes enters secondary device 2 by upflowing water distribution manner; Last sewage stops 40min at secondary device 2, and the sewage after process, from the 6 layers of discharge of secondary device 2 bottom pebbles, namely completes an entire run cycle.
This system runs April continuously, every 7 days, effluent quality is monitored, the aqueous concentration of primary study nitrogen and phosphorus and clearance, certain domestic sewage in rural areas is after this system process, COD in single filter material combination water outlet, ammonia nitrogen, total nitrogen and total tp removal rate variation range are 41 ~ 72% respectively, 71 ~ 80%, 27 ~ 54% and 96 ~ 98%, COD in combination filtrate of the present invention water outlet, ammonia nitrogen, total nitrogen and total tp removal rate variation range are 80 ~ 86% respectively, 94 ~ 99%, 80 ~ 86% and 99%(as table 1), combination filtrate has higher nitrogen than single filter material combination process, phosphorus ligands effect.
The water inlet of certain domestic sewage in rural areas and effluent quality test index situation in table 1 embodiment 1
| Test index | COD(mg/L) | NH 3-N(mg/L) | TN(mg/L) | TP(mg/L) |
| Water inlet | 130～320 | 25.2～53.1 | 27.1～68.9 | 2.33～6.45 |
| Single filter material combination water outlet | 76.8～90.6 | 7.3～10.6 | 12.6～36.7 | 0.08～0.13 |
| The water outlet of combination filtrate | 26.2～45.1 | 1.2～3.1 | 4.8～9.6 | 0.01～0.03 |
| Single filter material combination clearance (%) | 41～72 | 71～80 | 27～54 | 96～98 |
| Combination filtrate clearance (%) | 80～86 | 94～99 | 80～86 | 99 |
Embodiment 2: certain animal farm wastewater is processed
As Fig. 1, further device 1 is cube height 1.5m, long 1.0m, wide 0.7m, height of filter media layer 1.4m, useful volume 1.0m
3further device reaction filtrate 3 layers and pebbles 6 layer height are respectively 1.3m and 10cm, further device reaction filtrate 3 selects dehydration aluminium mud and red sand, both are respectively from certain waterworks and certain alumina refinery, and add identical in quality, further device 1 top serike layer 5, kind is reed; Secondary device 2 is in cubes and dimensional structure is identical with further device 1, and secondary device reaction filtrate 4 is selected in acid and residue and red soil spherolite, and both respectively from certain ilmenite factory and certain alumina refinery, and add identical in quality; The bottom of further device 1 is communicated with the bottom of secondary device 2, this pipeline is provided with water pump 10 and No. two magnetic valves 12; Bottom the further device reaction filtrate 3 of further device 1, aeration diffusing opening 7 is set, air compressor 8 is utilized to blast in further device 1 by air by aeration diffusing opening 7, the pipeline that air compressor 8 is connected with aeration diffusing opening 7 arranges a magnetic valve 11, and further device 1 reflux line arranges reflux pump 9; Air compressor 8, reflux pump 9, water pump 10, magnetic valve 11 are all connected with automatic control system 13 with No. two magnetic valves 12; Whole device and pipeline are all made with pmma material.
Running situation: be 0.8m at hydraulic load
3m-
2d
-1condition under carry out water distribution, first, control closedown No. two magnetic valves 12 and water pump 10, by the raw waste water (0.5m of further device 1 useful volume 50% volume by automatic control system 13
3) be distributed into this device from further device 1 top, under anaerobic state, stop 60min, pass through reflux pump 9 after stopping by 0.4m
3sewage backflow to further device 1 top, open air compressor 8 and a magnetic valve 11, the aerobic aeration time is 40min, blasts air capacity 4.0mL h simultaneously
-1l
-1; After aeration terminates, further device 1 is distributed into the raw waste water (0.5m of further device 1 useful volume 50% volume again
3), under anaerobic state, stop 80min, pass through reflux pump 9 after stop by 0.8m
3sewage backflow to further device 1 top, start aerobic blast aeration, secondary aeration time is 50min simultaneously, blasts air capacity 4.0mL h
-1l
-1; After secondary aeration terminates, open water pump 10 and No. two magnetic valves 12, the sewage after further device 1 processes enters secondary device 2 by upflowing water distribution manner; Last sewage stops 60min at secondary device 2, and the sewage after process, from the 6 layers of discharge of secondary device 2 bottom pebbles, namely completes an entire run cycle.
This system runs March continuously, monitors week about to water quality, and result of study shows, and animal farm wastewater process adopts combination filtrate to be better than single filter material combination process (as table 2) to ammonia nitrogen, total nitrogen and total phosphorus removal effect.
The water inlet of certain animal farm wastewater and effluent quality test index situation in table 2 embodiment 2
Claims (5)
1. one kind utilizes the device of industrial solid castoff denitrogenation dephosphorizing, comprise further device (1) and secondary device (2), it is characterized in that, described further device (1) is horizontally set on the front portion of secondary device (2), and the bottom of the bottom of described further device (1) and secondary device (2) is by pipeline communication, this pipeline is provided with No. two magnetic valves (12) and water pump (10);
Be followed successively by layer of plants (5), further device reaction filtrate (3) and pebbles (6) in described further device (1) from top to bottom, described further device reaction filtrate (3) is aluminium mud and the mixture of light calcined magnesia or the mixture of dewater aluminium mud and red sand of dewatering;
Described secondary device (2) is followed successively by secondary device reaction filtrate (4) and pebbles (6) from top to bottom, described secondary device reaction filtrate (4) in acid and in the mixture of residue and light calcined magnesia or acid with the mixture of residue and red soil spherolite;
In in further device reaction filtrate (3) of described further device (1), bottom is provided with aeration diffusing opening (7), the pipeline that described aeration diffusing opening (7) is connected with air compressor (8) arranges a magnetic valve (11), and described further device (1) side is provided with bottom and upper end that reflux line is communicated with further device (1), this reflux line is arranged reflux pump (9);
Wherein, described red sand is the waste produced in aluminum oxide refining; Produce the residue produced in rutile process with residue in described acid.
2. a kind of device utilizing industrial solid castoff denitrogenation dephosphorizing according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, air compressor (8), reflux pump (9), water pump (10), a magnetic valve (11) are all connected with automatic control system (13) with No. two magnetic valves (12).
3. utilize a method for industrial solid castoff denitrogenation dephosphorizing, the steps include:
(1) build device according to claim 1, switch off the pump (10) and No. two magnetic valves (12), further device (1) interior sewage treatment process divides two steps:
First the raw waste water of further device (1) useful volume 50 ~ 70% volume enters from further device (1) top and stop certain hour under anaerobic state, starts aerobic aeration while refluxing portion sewage;
After aeration terminates, the raw waste water that further device (1) is distributed into further device (1) useful volume 30 ~ 50% volume again makes further device (1) reach at full capacity, under anaerobic state, stop certain hour, refluxing portion sewage starts aerobic aeration simultaneously again;
(2) water pump (10) and No. two magnetic valves (12) are opened, sewage after further device (1) process is entered from secondary device (2) bottom, sewage and secondary device react filtrate (4) and contact and mix, all sewage in further device (1) is pumped into secondary device (2) and stops certain hour afterwards, the sewage after process is discharged from secondary device (2) bottom pebbles (6) layer.
4. a kind of method utilizing industrial solid castoff denitrogenation dephosphorizing according to claim 3, it is characterized in that, described further device (1) twice anaerobic state residence time in step (1) is respectively 40 ~ 60min, 70 ~ 90min, the aerobic aeration time is respectively 40 ~ 60min, 30 ~ 50min, and aeration rate is 2.0 ~ 5.0mLh
-1l
-1, the ratio that sewage backflow amount accounts for flooding quantity is 60 ~ 90%.
5. a kind of method utilizing industrial solid castoff denitrogenation dephosphorizing according to claim 3 or 4, is characterized in that, secondary device (2) hydraulic detention time is 30 ~ 60min.
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| CN103864228B (en) * | 2014-03-21 | 2015-04-08 | 中国环境科学研究院 | Minimally invasive excavated multimedium underground percolating in-situ recharge underground water treatment device |
| CN104743670B (en) * | 2015-04-13 | 2017-04-12 | 环境保护部南京环境科学研究所 | Down-in and down-out type sewage treatment method adopting graded filtering media to match |
| CN107143096B (en) * | 2017-06-06 | 2019-07-16 | 长安大学 | A kind of Green Roof with rainwater retention and phosphorus removal functional |
| CN108483630B (en) * | 2018-03-12 | 2019-09-27 | 江西省万年中南环保产业协同研究院有限公司 | The processing method and processing unit of organic wastewater based on GY-1 type water treatment filler |
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