CN103449682A - Device and method for denitrification and dephosphorization by using industrial solid wastes - Google Patents
Device and method for denitrification and dephosphorization by using industrial solid wastes Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention belongs to the field of denitrification and dephosphorization of sewage and discloses a device and method for denitrification and dephosphorization by using industrial solid wastes. The device comprises a first-stage device and a second-stage device, wherein the first-stage device is horizontally arranged at the front part of the second-stage device, the bottom of the first-stage device is communicated with the bottom of the second-stage device through a pipeline, and an electromagnetic valve II and a water pump are arranged on the pipeline; a plant layer, a first-stage device reaction filtering material and pebbles are sequentially arranged in the first-stage device from top to bottom, and the first-stage device reaction filtering material is a mixture of dehydrated aluminum sludge and light-burned magnesia or a mixture of dehydrated aluminum sludge and red sand; a second-stage device reaction filtering material and pebbles are sequentially arranged in the second-stage device from top to bottom, and the second-stage device reaction filtering material is a mixture of acid neutralized residues and light-burned magnesia or a mixture of acid neutralized residues and red-mud granules. According to the device and the method, a synergy mechanism of the filtering materials is fully exerted, and a reasonable operating process is matched, thereby realizing the aims that the floor area is small, the operating cost is low, and the nitrogen and phosphorus are efficiently removed from the sewage.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to the sewage denitrification and dephosphorization field, more particularly, relate to a kind of industrial solid castoff that utilizes and domestic sewage in rural areas by using and livestock breeding wastewater are carried out to the device and method of denitrogenation dephosphorizing.
Background technology
Along with developing rapidly of China's economy, the pollution problem of life in the countryside and livestock breeding wastewater is day by day serious.The characteristics of two types of sewage maximums are that concentration of nitrogen and phosphorus is high.Nitrogen phosphorus is also the highest composition of concerned degree in wastewater pollutants.Water body is as the important ground of assembling, when saturated along with the continuous input of nitrogen phosphorus, can cause a series of serious environmental problems such as body eutrophication, brought certain negative impact to the mankind's productive life simultaneously, build and be applicable to that the country sewage distributing distributes and livestock and poultry cultivation scale characteristics and can efficiently to remove the Sewage treatment systems of nitrogen phosphorus imperative.
The popularity rate of China's domestic sewage in rural areas by using and livestock and poultry farm waste water disposal facility is lower at present, and a part of facility exists the problem that treatment process is simple, effect is bad; Although part pollutant removal is better, its cost of investment is large, need great number working cost or larger land area, and for example some anaerobic aerobic integrated metallization processes running costs are high, energy consumption is large, and artificial swamp occupies a large amount of soils, capital cost is high; Some technique is higher to the clearance of nitrogen or phosphorus, but can't make both efficiently remove for a long time, for example sand filtration treatment system and algae pool technology.For reaching the purpose of nitrogen phosphorus in less energy-consumption, high-level efficiency removal waste water, efficient circulation with resource is utilized as the core thinking, study new treatment facility and operation process, and effectively being applied to life in the countryside and livestock and poultry farm sewage disposal, this is to match with the general objective of whole environmental protection and economy Sustainable development.
Filtrate is as the medium of sewage disposal reaction, and the quality of its performance directly affects the efficiency that in sewage, nitrogen and phosphorus are removed, and in existing report, some trade waste is widely used in sewage disposal, such as hard coal, slag, flyash etc.The comprehensive utilization of the byproduct produced in water factory, mining industry and metallurgical process in recent years becomes study hotspot, comprising in dehydration aluminium mud, acid and residue, light calcined magnesia, red sand and red soil spherolite.In dehydration aluminium mud, acid and residue and light calcined magnesia come from respectively by product in the Water treatment of waterworks, produce the residue that produces in the rutile process and the magnesium oxide resistates in producing, the above two contain abundant iron and calcium, the latter be take magnesium oxide as main, from water pollutant removal aspect is analyzed, dehydration aluminium mud has effect preferably to sewage denitrification and dephosphorization, can reduce the concentration of dissolved organic matter in surface water body, nitrogen and phosphorus in acid with residue, light calcined magnesia is removed the phosphorus in sewage by chemisorption; Red sand and red soil spherolite are the wastes of different shape in the aluminum oxide refining, and this kind of residue is rich in iron, in wastewater treatment, can efficiently remove and adsorb nutritive substance and micro-metals.Above-mentioned several industrial solid castoff has larger specific surface area in addition, pollutent in water body is had to certain adsorptive power, chemical constitution is stablized non-secondary pollution simultaneously, if can be using several persons' combinations as filtering media application in life in the countryside with in the livestock breeding wastewater treatment technology, reaction medium efficiently can be provided on the one hand at a low price, a kind of processing mode of new recycling also can be provided on the other hand.
In existing document, there is above-mentioned several trade waste to dispose of sewage or surface water as filtrate separately, rarely have two or more filtrate mixing aftertreatment sanitary sewage or the livestock breeding wastewater of employing; In addition, it is limited that single filter material is removed in sewage the pollution substance kind, and filtrate mixes and directly carries out sewage disposal nitrogen, phosphorus poor removal effect; There is the problem that floor space is large, working cost is high in some technology in addition.
Summary of the invention
1. the technical problem that will solve
Can not have Construction and operation concurrently for various existing domestic sewage in rural areas by using and the small-sized treatment system of livestock breeding wastewater with low cost and can efficiently remove the problem of nitrogen and phosphorus in sewage simultaneously, the invention provides a kind of device and method that utilizes the industrial solid castoff denitrogenation dephosphorizing.These apparatus and method are given full play to filtrate synergy mechanism, are equipped with rational operation process simultaneously, have realized that floor space is little, working cost is low, the purpose that in sewage, nitrogen and phosphorus efficiency are removed.
2. technical scheme
Principle of the present invention: adopt in dehydration aluminium mud, acid and the trade wastes such as residue, light calcined magnesia, red sand and red soil spherolite as filtrate, utilize the specific surface area that filtrate itself is larger to be adsorbed the phosphorus in sewage, simultaneously, by two-layer configuration, water inlet and anaerobic-aerobic hocket stage by stage operation process, give full play to the activity of the denitrification microorganism function yeast existed on filtrate the nitrogen in sewage is efficiently utilized.
Purpose of the present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions.
A kind of device that utilizes the industrial solid castoff denitrogenation dephosphorizing, comprise a stage arrangement and secondary device, a described stage arrangement is horizontally set on the front portion of secondary device, and the bottom of a described stage arrangement and the bottom of secondary device be by pipeline communication, be provided with No. two magnetic valves and water pump on this pipeline;
Be followed successively by layer of plants, one-level device reaction filtrate and pebbles from top to bottom in a described stage arrangement, the mixture that one-level device reaction filtrate is dehydration aluminium mud and light calcined magnesia or the mixture of dehydration aluminium mud and red sand;
Described secondary device is followed successively by secondary device reaction filtrate and pebbles from top to bottom, secondary device reaction filtrate be in acid and the mixture of residue and light calcined magnesia or acid in the mixture of residue and red soil spherolite;
In in the one-level device reaction filtrate of a described stage arrangement, bottom is provided with the aeration diffusing opening, magnetic valve is set on the pipeline that the aeration diffusing opening is connected with air compressor No. one, and a stage arrangement side is provided with bottom and upper end that reflux line is communicated with a stage arrangement, on this reflux line, reflux pump is set.
Preferably, described air compressor, reflux pump, water pump, a magnetic valve all are connected with automatic control system with No. two magnetic valves.
A kind of method of utilizing the industrial solid castoff denitrogenation dephosphorizing, the steps include:
(1) build said apparatus, switch off the pump and No. two magnetic valves, in a stage arrangement, sewage treatment process divides two steps:
At first the raw waste water of stage arrangement useful volume 50～70% volumes enters and stop certain hour under anaerobic state from a stage arrangement top, starts aerobic aeration in the time of the backflow part of contaminated water;
After aeration finishes, the raw waste water that a stage arrangement is distributed into stage arrangement useful volume 30～50% volumes again reaches at full capacity a stage arrangement, under anaerobic state, stops certain hour, and the part of contaminated water that again refluxes starts aerobic aeration simultaneously;
(2) open water pump and No. two magnetic valves, sewage after a stage arrangement is processed is entered from the secondary device bottom, sewage contacts mixing with secondary device reaction filtrate, all sewage in one stage arrangement is stopped to certain hour after pumping into secondary device, and the sewage after processing is discharged from secondary device bottom pebbles layer.
Preferably, a described stage arrangement twice anaerobic state residence time in step (1) is respectively 40～60min, 70～90min, and the aerobic aeration time is respectively 40～60min, 30～50min, and aeration rate is 2.0～5.0mL h
-1l
-1, the ratio that the sewage backflow amount accounts for flooding quantity is 60～90%.
Preferably, described secondary device hydraulic detention time is 30～60min.
3. beneficial effect
Than prior art, the invention has the advantages that:
(1) apparatus and method of the sewage denitrification and dephosphorization that the present invention proposes, utilize industrial solid castoff as reaction medium, by the structure two-layer configuration, implement the mode of water distribution and anaerobic-aerobic alternate run stage by stage, thereby realized in sewage that nitrogen and two kinds of nutritive substances of phosphorus are efficiently removed;
(2) several industrial solid castoffs of apparatus and method regeneration of the present invention are as filtrate, and the physicochemical property of several filtrates are convenient to absorption and the denitrifier performance is active, and the two-layer configuration design has increased sewage and catalytic time of filler; Water distribution has supplemented the carbon source in the device in time stage by stage simultaneously, is beneficial to the carrying out of denitrification denitrogenation; In addition, the mode of anaerobic-aerobic alternate run increases the frequency of nitrification and denitrification, improves the clearance of nitrogen.Above-mentioned measure has guaranteed that nitrogen and the phosphorus in waste water is processed more fully;
(3) device and method of the present invention is selected the operation scheme of multiple filtrate unitized design, can avoid independent a kind of filtrate to remove in sewage the pollution substance kind single, adopt cloth and the combined method of science simultaneously, overcome filtrate and directly combined and carry out sewage disposal nitrogen, problem that tp removal rate is low, guaranteed the efficient removal of nitrogen phosphorus;
(4) selected materials of the present invention is with low cost, effect is remarkable, especially is applicable to domestic sewage in rural areas by using and livestock breeding wastewater and processes, and has larger market outlook and application value.
The accompanying drawing explanation:
Fig. 1 is structural representation of the present invention.
In figure: 1 a, stage arrangement; 2, secondary device; 3, one-level device reaction filtrate; 4, secondary device reaction filtrate; 5, layer of plants; 6, pebbles; 7, aeration diffusing opening; 8, air compressor; 9, reflux pump; 10, water pump; 11, a magnetic valve; 12, No. two magnetic valves; 13, automatic control system.
Embodiment:
Below in conjunction with drawings and Examples, the present invention will be further described.
Embodiment 1: certain domestic sewage in rural areas by using is processed
As Fig. 1, the cylindrical high 1.6m of one stage arrangement 1, diameter 1.2m, height of filter media layer 1.5m, useful volume 1.7m3,3 layers of one-level device reaction filtrates and pebbles 6 layer heights are respectively 1.4m and 10cm, one-level device reaction filtrate 3 is selected dehydration aluminium mud and light calcined magnesia, both are respectively from certain waterworks and certain magnesium oxide factory, stage arrangement 1 a top serike layer 5, and kind is for hanging Zhong Liu; Secondary device 2 is cylindrical and dimensional structure is identical with a stage arrangement 1, and secondary device reaction filtrate 4 is selected in acid and residue and light calcined magnesia, and both are respectively from certain ilmenite factory and certain magnesium oxide factory; The bottom pipe laying of the bottom of one stage arrangement 1 and secondary device 2 is communicated with, and is provided with No. two magnetic valves 12 and water pump 10 on this pipeline; Aeration diffusing opening 7 is installed in one-level device reaction filtrate 3 bottoms of one stage arrangement 1, utilize air compressor 8 that air is blasted in a stage arrangement 1 by aeration diffusing opening 7, magnetic valve 11 is set No. one on the pipeline that air compressor 8 is connected with aeration diffusing opening 7, and on stage arrangement 1 reflux line, reflux pump 9 is set; Air compressor 8, reflux pump 9, water pump 10, a magnetic valve 11 all are connected with automatic control system 13 with No. two magnetic valves 12; Whole device and pipeline are all made with the PVC material.
Running situation: be 1.0m at hydraulic load
3m-
2d
-1condition under carry out water distribution, at first, control by automatic control system 13 magnetic valve 12 that switches off the pump 10 and No. two, by the raw waste water (1.0m of stage arrangement 1 useful volume 60% volume
3) be distributed into this device from stage arrangement 1 top, stop 45min under anaerobic state, pass through reflux pump 9 by 0.7m after stopping
3sewage backflow to a stage arrangement 1 top, open air compressor 8 and a magnetic valve 11 simultaneously, the aerobic aeration time is 50min, blasts air capacity 3.0mL h
-1l
-1; After aeration finishes, a stage arrangement 1 is distributed into the raw waste water (0.7m of stage arrangement 1 useful volume 40% volume again
3), stop 70min under anaerobic state, pass through reflux pump 9 by 1.2m after stopping
3sewage backflow to a stage arrangement 1 top, start aerobic blast aeration simultaneously, the secondary aeration time is 40min, blasts air capacity 3.0mL h
-1l
-1; After the secondary aeration finishes, open water pump 10 and No. two magnetic valves 12, the sewage after a stage arrangement 1 is processed enters secondary device 2 by the upflowing water distribution manner; Last sewage stops 40min at secondary device 2, and the sewage after processing, from 6 layers of discharge of secondary device 2 bottom pebbles, completes an entire run cycle.
This system is moved April continuously, every 7 days, effluent quality is monitored, primary study nitrogen and phosphorus go out water concentration and clearance, certain domestic sewage in rural areas by using is after this system is processed, COD in single filter material combination water outlet, ammonia nitrogen, total nitrogen and total tp removal rate variation range are respectively 41～72%, 71～80%, 27～54% and 96～98%, COD in combination filtrate of the present invention water outlet, ammonia nitrogen, total nitrogen and total tp removal rate variation range are respectively 80～86%, 94～99%, 80～86% and 99%(as table 1), the combination filtrate has higher nitrogen than single filter material combination process, the phosphorus removal effect.
The water inlet of certain domestic sewage in rural areas by using and effluent quality test index situation in table 1 embodiment 1
| Test index | COD(mg/L) | NH 3-N(mg/L) | TN(mg/L) | TP(mg/L) |
| Water inlet | 130～320 | 25.2～53.1 | 27.1～68.9 | 2.33～6.45 |
| Single filter material combination water outlet | 76.8～90.6 | 7.3～10.6 | 12.6～36.7 | 0.08～0.13 |
| The water outlet of combination filtrate | 26.2～45.1 | 1.2～3.1 | 4.8～9.6 | 0.01～0.03 |
| Single filter material combination clearance (%) | 41～72 | 71～80 | 27～54 | 96～98 |
| Combination filtrate clearance (%) | 80～86 | 94～99 | 80～86 | 99 |
Embodiment 2: certain plant's waste water is processed
As Fig. 1, a stage arrangement 1 is a cube height 1.5m, long 1.0m, wide 0.7m, height of filter media layer 1.4m, useful volume 1.0m
33 layers of one-level device reaction filtrates and pebbles 6 layer heights are respectively 1.3m and 10cm, one-level device reaction filtrate 3 is selected dehydration aluminium mud and red sand, both are respectively from certain waterworks and certain aluminum oxide refinery, and add identical in quality, one stage arrangement 1 top serike layer 5, kind is reed; Secondary device 2 be cubes and dimensional structure identical with a stage arrangement 1, secondary device reaction filtrate 4 is selected in acid and residue and red soil spherolite, both are respectively from certain ilmenite factory and certain aluminum oxide refinery, and add identical in quality; The bottom of the bottom of one stage arrangement 1 and secondary device 2 is communicated with, and water pump 10 and No. two magnetic valves 12 are installed on this pipeline; One-level device reaction filtrate 3 bottoms of one stage arrangement 1 arrange aeration diffusing opening 7, utilize air compressor 8 that air is blasted in a stage arrangement 1 by aeration diffusing opening 7, magnetic valve 11 is set No. one on the pipeline that air compressor 8 is connected with aeration diffusing opening 7, and on stage arrangement 1 reflux line, reflux pump 9 is set; Air compressor 8, reflux pump 9, water pump 10, a magnetic valve 11 all are connected with automatic control system 13 with No. two magnetic valves 12; Whole device and pipeline are all made with pmma material.
Running situation: be 0.8m at hydraulic load
3m-
2d
-1condition under carry out water distribution, at first, control and close No. two magnetic valves 12 and water pump 10 by automatic control system 13, by the raw waste water (0.5m of stage arrangement 1 useful volume 50% volume
3) be distributed into this device from stage arrangement 1 top, stop 60min under anaerobic state, pass through reflux pump 9 by 0.4m after stopping
3sewage backflow to a stage arrangement 1 top, open air compressor 8 and a magnetic valve 11 simultaneously, the aerobic aeration time is 40min, blasts air capacity 4.0mL h
-1l
-1; After aeration finishes, a stage arrangement 1 is distributed into the raw waste water (0.5m of stage arrangement 1 useful volume 50% volume again
3), stop 80min under anaerobic state, pass through reflux pump 9 by 0.8m after stopping
3sewage backflow to a stage arrangement 1 top, start aerobic blast aeration simultaneously, the secondary aeration time is 50min, blasts air capacity 4.0mL h
-1l
-1; After the secondary aeration finishes, open water pump 10 and No. two magnetic valves 12, the sewage after a stage arrangement 1 is processed enters secondary device 2 by the upflowing water distribution manner; Last sewage stops 60min at secondary device 2, and the sewage after processing, from 6 layers of discharge of secondary device 2 bottom pebbles, completes an entire run cycle.
This system is moved March continuously, week about water quality monitored, and the result of study demonstration, plant's wastewater treatment adopts the combination filtrate to be better than single filter material combination process (as table 2) to ammonia nitrogen, total nitrogen and total phosphorus removal effect.
The water inlet of certain plant's waste water and effluent quality test index situation in table 2 embodiment 2
Claims (5)
1. a device that utilizes the industrial solid castoff denitrogenation dephosphorizing, comprise a stage arrangement (1) and secondary device (2), it is characterized in that, a described stage arrangement (1) is horizontally set on the front portion of secondary device (2), and the bottom of the bottom of a described stage arrangement (1) and secondary device (2), by pipeline communication, is provided with No. two magnetic valves (12) and water pump (10) on this pipeline;
Be followed successively by layer of plants (5), one-level device reaction filtrate (3) and pebbles (6) in a described stage arrangement (1) from top to bottom, the mixture that described one-level device reaction filtrate (3) is dehydration aluminium mud and light calcined magnesia or the mixture of dehydration aluminium mud and red sand;
Described secondary device (2) is followed successively by secondary device reaction filtrate (4) and pebbles (6) from top to bottom, described secondary device reaction filtrate (4) in acid and in the mixture of residue and light calcined magnesia or acid with the mixture of residue and red soil spherolite;
In in the one-level device reaction filtrate (3) of a described stage arrangement (1), bottom is provided with aeration diffusing opening (7), on the pipeline that described aeration diffusing opening (7) is connected with air compressor (8), a magnetic valve (11) is set, and a described stage arrangement (1) side is provided with bottom and the upper end that reflux line is communicated with a stage arrangement (1), and reflux pump (9) is set on this reflux line.
2. a kind of device that utilizes the industrial solid castoff denitrogenation dephosphorizing according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, air compressor (8), reflux pump (9), water pump (10), a magnetic valve (11) and No. two magnetic valves (12) all are connected with automatic control system (13).
3. a method of utilizing the industrial solid castoff denitrogenation dephosphorizing, the steps include:
(1) build device claimed in claim 1, switch off the pump (10) and No. two magnetic valves (12), the interior sewage treatment process of a stage arrangement (1) divides two steps:
At first the raw waste water of a stage arrangement (1) useful volume 50～70% volumes enters and stop certain hour under anaerobic state from a stage arrangement (1) top, starts aerobic aeration in the time of the backflow part of contaminated water;
After aeration finishes, the raw waste water that a stage arrangement (1) is distributed into a stage arrangement (1) useful volume 30～50% volumes again reaches at full capacity a stage arrangement (1), under anaerobic state, stops certain hour, and the part of contaminated water that again refluxes starts aerobic aeration simultaneously;
(2) open water pump (10) and No. two magnetic valves (12), sewage after a stage arrangement (1) is processed is entered from secondary device (2) bottom, sewage contacts mixing with secondary device reaction filtrate (4), stop certain hour after all sewage in one stage arrangement (1) is pumped into to secondary device (2), the sewage after processing is discharged from secondary device (2) bottom pebbles (6) layer.
4. a kind of method of utilizing the industrial solid castoff denitrogenation dephosphorizing according to claim 3, it is characterized in that, a described stage arrangement (1) twice anaerobic state residence time in step (1) is respectively 40～60min, 70～90min, the aerobic aeration time is respectively 40～60min, 30～50min, and aeration rate is 2.0～5.0mL h
-1l
-1, the ratio that the sewage backflow amount accounts for flooding quantity is 60～90%.
5. according to a kind of described method of utilizing the industrial solid castoff denitrogenation dephosphorizing of claim 3 or 4, it is characterized in that, secondary device (2) hydraulic detention time is 30～60min.
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| CN108483630A (en) * | 2018-03-12 | 2018-09-04 | 江西盖亚环保科技有限公司 | The processing method and processing unit of organic wastewater based on GY-1 type water treatment fillers |
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