CN201801417U - High-efficiency aeration biological filter tank - Google Patents

High-efficiency aeration biological filter tank Download PDF

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CN201801417U
CN201801417U CN2010205179759U CN201020517975U CN201801417U CN 201801417 U CN201801417 U CN 201801417U CN 2010205179759 U CN2010205179759 U CN 2010205179759U CN 201020517975 U CN201020517975 U CN 201020517975U CN 201801417 U CN201801417 U CN 201801417U
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filter
filter material
material layer
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朱忠贤
陆平
陈德
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NANJING GUONENG ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION ENGINEERING Co Ltd
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NANJING GUONENG ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION ENGINEERING Co Ltd
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Abstract

高效曝气生物滤池,滤池下部设有进水管,中部是滤料层,厚度为2~3m,滤料顶部装有防止悬浮滤料流失的滤料挡板,滤料挡板上均匀安装有出水滤帽,滤料挡板上部空间用作反冲洗水的储水区,滤料层的底部与滤池底部的空间留作反冲洗再生时滤料膨胀之用。滤料层下部设有进水布水管,滤料层的上部为好氧区,滤料层的下部厌氧区或缺氧区,在好氧区与厌氧区分界面设有穿孔曝气管,厌氧区下部设有反冲洗空气管,和排泥管,滤池的底部为沉淀区和排泥阀,出水槽设在滤池的最上部。本实用新型在生活污水、高浓度有机废水的二级、三级处理中,NBAF体现出处理负荷高、出水水质好,占地面积省等特点。

Figure 201020517975

High-efficiency aerated biological filter, the lower part of the filter is equipped with a water inlet pipe, and the middle part is a filter material layer with a thickness of 2-3m. The top of the filter material is equipped with a filter material baffle to prevent the loss of the suspended filter material, and the filter material baffle is evenly installed. There is a water outlet filter cap, and the space above the filter material baffle is used as a backwash water storage area, and the space between the bottom of the filter material layer and the bottom of the filter tank is reserved for the expansion of the filter material during backwash regeneration. The lower part of the filter material layer is provided with a water distribution pipe, the upper part of the filter material layer is an aerobic zone, the lower part of the filter material layer is an anaerobic zone or anoxic zone, and a perforated aeration tube is provided at the interface between the aerobic zone and the anaerobic zone. The lower part of the anaerobic zone is equipped with a backwash air pipe and a mud discharge pipe, the bottom of the filter is a sedimentation area and a mud discharge valve, and the outlet tank is set at the uppermost part of the filter tank. In the secondary and tertiary treatment of domestic sewage and high-concentration organic wastewater, the NBAF of the utility model has the characteristics of high treatment load, good effluent quality, and less occupied area.

Figure 201020517975

Description

高效曝气生物滤池 High efficiency biological aerated filter

技术领域technical field

本实用新型涉及一种高效曝气生物滤池,可以广泛用于市政、印染、化工、制药等领域的污水、废水的二级、三级处理中。The utility model relates to a high-efficiency aerated biological filter, which can be widely used in the secondary and tertiary treatment of sewage and waste water in the fields of municipal administration, printing and dyeing, chemical industry, pharmacy and the like.

背景技术Background technique

为了实现环保理念的普及,降低企业环境治理的投入,消除中小企业对污染治理投入无底洞的错误认识。实现环境的生态化、人居化。治理和维护环境也直接或间接着决定着人类的未来和能否实现可持续发展的目标。In order to realize the popularization of the concept of environmental protection, reduce the investment of enterprises in environmental governance, and eliminate the misunderstanding of small and medium-sized enterprises on the bottomless investment in pollution governance. Realize the ecologicalization and human settlement of the environment. Governance and maintenance of the environment also directly or indirectly determine the future of human beings and whether they can achieve the goal of sustainable development.

现有的曝气生物滤池装置,大部分都是大型处理装置,需要前期的土建投入,运行效率不高,大部分建成的设施都处于闲置状态,同时对运行人员的知识水平也有一定要求,从而限制了其在污水处理领域的广泛应用。Most of the existing biological aerated filter devices are large-scale treatment devices, which require civil engineering investment in the early stage, and the operation efficiency is not high. Most of the completed facilities are in an idle state, and there are also certain requirements for the knowledge level of the operating personnel. Thereby limiting its wide application in the field of sewage treatment.

发明内容Contents of the invention

本实用新型目的是:提出一种高效曝气生物滤池,适用于曝气生物滤池(NBAF)工艺,NBAF工艺最初是为在污水的二级、三级处理中实现硝化、反硝化开发的,设计思想来自活性污泥A/O法。在具体工艺形式的实现中,该工艺抓住了曝气生物滤池即BAF的技术关键-滤料,并由此带来了一系列的工艺特点。The purpose of this utility model is: to propose a high-efficiency biological aerated filter, which is suitable for the biological aerated filter (NBAF) process. The NBAF process was originally developed for the realization of nitrification and denitrification in the secondary and tertiary treatment of sewage. , the design idea comes from the activated sludge A/O method. In the realization of the specific process form, this process grasps the technical key of the biological aerated filter (BAF) - the filter material, and thus brings a series of process characteristics.

高效曝气生物滤池,其特征是滤池下部设有进水管,中部是滤料层,厚度为2~3m,滤料顶部装有防止悬浮滤料流失的滤料挡板,滤料挡板上均匀安装有出水滤帽,滤料挡板上部空间用作反冲洗水的储水区,滤料层的底部与滤池底部的空间留作反冲洗再生时滤料膨胀之用。滤料层下部设有进水布水管9,滤料层的上部为好氧区,滤料层的下部厌氧区或缺氧区,在好氧区与厌氧区分界面设有穿孔曝气管,厌氧区下部设有反冲洗空气管,和排泥管,滤池的底部为沉淀区和排泥阀,出水槽设在滤池的最上部。The high-efficiency biological aerated filter is characterized in that the lower part of the filter is provided with a water inlet pipe, the middle part is a filter material layer with a thickness of 2-3m, and the top of the filter material is equipped with a filter material baffle to prevent the loss of the suspended filter material. The water outlet filter cap is evenly installed on the top, the space above the filter material baffle is used as a storage area for backwash water, and the space between the bottom of the filter material layer and the bottom of the filter tank is reserved for the expansion of the filter material during backwash regeneration. The lower part of the filter material layer is provided with a water distribution pipe 9, the upper part of the filter material layer is an aerobic zone, and the lower part of the filter material layer is an anaerobic zone or anoxic zone, and a perforated aeration tube is arranged at the interface between the aerobic zone and the anaerobic zone. , The lower part of the anaerobic area is equipped with a backwash air pipe and a mud discharge pipe, the bottom of the filter is a sedimentation area and a mud discharge valve, and the water outlet is located at the top of the filter.

滤池供气系统分两套管路,置于滤料层内的工艺空气管用于工艺曝气,并将滤料层分为上下两个区:上部为好氧区,下部为缺氧区。根据不同的原水水质、处理目的和要求,滤料层的高度可以变化,好氧区、厌氧区所占比例也可有所不同。滤池底部的空气管路是反冲洗空气管。The filter air supply system is divided into two sets of pipelines. The process air pipe placed in the filter material layer is used for process aeration, and the filter material layer is divided into upper and lower areas: the upper part is an aerobic area, and the lower part is an anoxic area. According to different raw water quality, treatment purposes and requirements, the height of the filter material layer can be changed, and the proportion of aerobic zone and anaerobic zone can also be different. The air line at the bottom of the filter is the backwash air line.

从化工原理的角度看,滤料技术的改进是对反应器内部构造的改善,是加强传质、改善反应器内水力条件、生化反应条件的基本手段,是提高负荷的根本途径。在BAF工艺中,滤料一方面起着生物载体的作用,为生物膜提供良好的生长环境,另一方面也起着过滤的作用。事实上,BAF性能的优劣很大程度上取决于滤料的特性。曝气生物滤池NBAF采用的是比重小于水的球形有机滤料,粒径2~5mm,具有较好的机械强度和化学稳定性,在为微生物提供生长环境、截留SS、促进气水均匀混合等方面有一定优势。From the perspective of chemical engineering principles, the improvement of filter material technology is the improvement of the internal structure of the reactor, the basic means to enhance mass transfer, improve the hydraulic conditions and biochemical reaction conditions in the reactor, and the fundamental way to increase the load. In the BAF process, the filter material acts as a biological carrier on the one hand, providing a good growth environment for the biofilm, and on the other hand, it also plays the role of filtration. In fact, the performance of BAF depends largely on the characteristics of the filter material. The biological aerated filter NBAF uses a spherical organic filter material with a specific gravity smaller than water, with a particle size of 2-5mm, which has good mechanical strength and chemical stability. It provides a growth environment for microorganisms, retains SS, and promotes the uniform mixing of air and water. etc. have certain advantages.

目前,用于BAF的滤料有许多种,主要分沉没式和悬浮式两种,而悬浮滤料在截留SS、降解COD等方面要优于沉没滤料,相比之下NBAF采用悬浮滤料易于反冲洗,结合其具体的运行方式,就为NBAF拥有高的处理能力、延长运行周期,减少反冲洗水量创造了条件。At present, there are many kinds of filter materials used for BAF, mainly divided into two types: submerged and suspended, and suspended filter is better than sunken filter in retaining SS and degrading COD. In contrast, NBAF uses suspended filter It is easy to backwash, combined with its specific operation mode, it creates conditions for NBAF to have high processing capacity, extend the operation cycle, and reduce the amount of backwash water.

本实用新型生物反应器为周期运行,从开始过滤至反冲洗完毕为一完整周期,具体过程如下:经预处理的污水通过滤池进水管进入滤池底部,并向上首先流经滤料层的缺氧区。此时反冲洗空气管处于关闭状态。缺氧区内,一方面,反硝化细菌利用进水中的有机物作为碳源将滤池进水中的NO3-N转化为N2,实现反硝化脱氮。另一方面,滤料上的微生物利用进水中的溶解氧和反硝化过程中生成的氧降解BOD,同时,SS也通过一系列复杂的物化过程被滤料及其上面的生物膜吸附截留在滤床内。经过缺氧区处理的污水流经滤料层内的曝气管后即进入了好氧区,并与空气泡均匀混合继续向上流经滤料层。水气上升过程中,该区滤料上的微生物利用气泡中转移到水中的溶解氧进一步降解BOD,滤床继续去除SS,污水中的NH3-N被转化为NO3-N,发生硝化反应。流出滤料层的净化后废水通过滤池挡板上的出水滤头排出滤池。The bioreactor of the utility model operates periodically, and it is a complete cycle from the beginning of filtration to the completion of backwashing. The specific process is as follows: the pretreated sewage enters the bottom of the filter through the filter inlet pipe, and first flows upward through the filter material layer. hypoxic zone. At this time, the backwash air pipe is closed. In the anoxic zone, on the one hand, denitrifying bacteria use organic matter in the influent as a carbon source to convert NO3-N in the filter influent into N2 to achieve denitrification and denitrification. On the other hand, the microorganisms on the filter material use the dissolved oxygen in the influent and the oxygen generated in the denitrification process to degrade BOD. At the same time, SS is also absorbed by the filter material and the biofilm on it through a series of complex physical and chemical processes. inside the bed. The sewage treated in the anoxic zone enters the aerobic zone after flowing through the aeration pipe in the filter material layer, and is evenly mixed with air bubbles and continues to flow upward through the filter material layer. During the rising process of water vapor, the microorganisms on the filter material in this area use the dissolved oxygen transferred from the bubbles to the water to further degrade BOD, and the filter bed continues to remove SS, and the NH3-N in the sewage is converted into NO3-N, and nitrification occurs. The purified waste water flowing out of the filter material layer is discharged from the filter tank through the outlet filter head on the filter tank baffle.

随着过滤的进行,由于滤料层内生物膜逐渐增厚,SS不断积累,过滤水头损失逐步加大,在一定进水压力下,设计流量将得不到保证,此时即应进入反冲洗再生以去除滤床内过量的生物膜及SS,恢复滤池的处理能力。依据不同的处理情况,滤池出水指标(如SS)也可通过自控系统成为反冲洗的控制条件。As the filtration proceeds, due to the gradual thickening of the biofilm in the filter material layer and the accumulation of SS, the loss of the filtration head gradually increases. Under a certain inlet pressure, the design flow rate will not be guaranteed, and it should enter backwashing at this time Regeneration is used to remove excess biofilm and SS in the filter bed and restore the processing capacity of the filter. According to different treatment conditions, the filter effluent index (such as SS) can also become the control condition of backwash through the automatic control system.

反冲洗采用气水交替反冲,反冲洗水即为贮存在滤池顶部的达标排放水,反冲洗所需空气来自滤池底部的反冲洗气管。反冲再生过程如下:关闭进水和工艺空气;水单独冲洗;空气单独冲洗;继而水单独反洗和空气单独反洗步骤交替进行并重复几次;最后用水漂洗一次。反冲洗水自上而下,滤料层受下向水流作用发生膨胀,滤料层在单独水冲或气冲过程中,不断膨胀和被压缩,同时,在水、气对滤料的流体冲刷和滤料颗粒间互相摩擦的双重作用下,生物膜、被截留吸附的SS与滤料分离,冲洗下来的生物膜及SS在漂洗中被冲出滤池。反冲洗污泥回流至滤池预处理部分的沉淀系统。再生后的滤池进入下一周期运行。由于正常过滤与反冲时水流方向相反,滤料层底部的高浓度污泥不经过整个滤床,而是以最快的速度通过池底排泥管离开滤池。Air-water alternate backwashing is used for backwashing. The backwashing water is the up-to-standard discharge water stored at the top of the filter, and the air required for backwashing comes from the backwashing air pipe at the bottom of the filter. The backflush regeneration process is as follows: shut off the water inlet and process air; water alone flush; air alone flush; then water alone backwash and air alone backwash steps alternate and repeat several times; finally rinse once with water. The backwashing water is from top to bottom, and the filter material layer is expanded by the downward water flow. The filter material layer is continuously expanded and compressed in the process of separate water flushing or air flushing. Under the double action of mutual friction between the filter material particles, the biofilm and the trapped and adsorbed SS are separated from the filter material, and the washed biofilm and SS are washed out of the filter during rinsing. The backwash sludge is returned to the sedimentation system in the pretreatment part of the filter. The regenerated filter enters the next cycle of operation. Due to the opposite direction of water flow during normal filtration and backwashing, the high-concentration sludge at the bottom of the filter material layer does not pass through the entire filter bed, but leaves the filter tank through the sludge discharge pipe at the bottom of the tank at the fastest speed.

本实用新型的有益效果是:提供了高效、一体化,多级化、可自动化运行的高效曝气生物滤池。对不同负荷污废水可以进行模块化、多单元的分级处理,可以实现全自动无人值守运行。对系统内部无需维护。运行稳定可靠,整个设备可实现工厂化生产,现场组装。The beneficial effect of the utility model is that it provides a high-efficiency, integrated, multi-stage and automatic aerated biofilter with high efficiency. Sewage and wastewater with different loads can be treated in a modular and multi-unit manner, and fully automatic unattended operation can be realized. No maintenance is required for the system internals. The operation is stable and reliable, and the whole equipment can realize factory production and on-site assembly.

将生物氧化、过滤、沉淀、反冲洗的工艺流程集成到一体化的高效曝气生物滤池处理装置中,不仅有效减少了空间的使用,同时实现了模块化的生产,无需土建施工,减少最终用户的土建投入。The process of biological oxidation, filtration, sedimentation and backwashing is integrated into the integrated high-efficiency biological aerated filter treatment device, which not only effectively reduces the use of space, but also realizes modular production without civil construction, reducing the final User's civil investment.

附图说明Description of drawings

图1是本实用新型的结构示意图Fig. 1 is a structural representation of the utility model

1储水区、2滤料挡板、3滤帽、4好氧区、5穿孔曝气管、6缺氧区、7反冲洗空气管、8进水电动阀、9进水布水管、10沉淀区、11排泥阀、13发冲洗进气阀、14出水槽。1 water storage area, 2 filter material baffle, 3 filter cap, 4 aerobic area, 5 perforated aeration pipe, 6 anoxic area, 7 backwash air pipe, 8 water inlet electric valve, 9 water inlet distribution pipe, 10 Settling area, 11 mud discharge valve, 13 flushing intake valve, 14 water outlet.

具体实施方式Detailed ways

NBAF基本结构如图1所示,滤池底部设有进水和排泥管,中上部是滤料层,厚度一般为2~3m,滤料顶部装有挡板,防止悬浮滤料的流失。挡板上均匀安装有出水滤头。挡板上部空间用作反冲洗水的储水区,其高度根据反冲洗水头而定。滤料层底部与滤池底部的空间留作反冲洗再生时滤料膨胀之用。The basic structure of NBAF is shown in Figure 1. There are water inlet and mud discharge pipes at the bottom of the filter. The middle and upper part is the filter material layer, generally 2-3m thick. The top of the filter material is equipped with a baffle to prevent the loss of the suspended filter material. Water outlet filter heads are evenly installed on the baffle. The space above the baffle is used as a water storage area for backwash water, and its height is determined according to the head of backwash water. The space between the bottom of the filter material layer and the bottom of the filter tank is reserved for the expansion of the filter material during backwash regeneration.

滤池供气系统分两套管路,置于滤料层内的工艺空气管用于工艺曝气,并将滤料层分为上下两个区:上部为好氧区,下部为缺氧区。根据不同的原水水质、处理目的和要求,滤料层的高度可以变化,好氧区、厌氧区所占比例也可有所不同。滤池底部的空气管路是反冲洗空气管。The filter air supply system is divided into two sets of pipelines. The process air pipe placed in the filter material layer is used for process aeration, and the filter material layer is divided into upper and lower areas: the upper part is an aerobic area, and the lower part is an anoxic area. According to different raw water quality, treatment purposes and requirements, the height of the filter material layer can be changed, and the proportion of aerobic zone and anaerobic zone can also be different. The air line at the bottom of the filter is the backwash air line.

本实用新型可根据不同水质条件,选择单级或多级处理模式,实现水质的稳定处理。The utility model can select a single-stage or multi-stage treatment mode according to different water quality conditions to realize stable treatment of water quality.

整个系统进水、反洗、排水、排泥采用电动装置(阀)控制,电动装置由系统PLC程序控制,实现程序化的无人值守运行。The water intake, backwashing, drainage and mud discharge of the whole system are controlled by electric devices (valves), and the electric devices are controlled by the system PLC program to realize programmed unattended operation.

装置内部滤料采用轻质动态EPS滤料,具有质轻、比表面积大、能对微小污物进行堵截、吸附,同时易冲洗,运行一定时间即可进行动态冲洗,实现循环使用,因此具有高效的处理效果,可实现不停机连续运行。The internal filter material of the device adopts lightweight dynamic EPS filter material, which has light weight, large specific surface area, can intercept and absorb tiny dirt, and is easy to wash at the same time. It can be dynamically washed after running for a certain period of time to realize recycling, so it has high efficiency. The processing effect can realize continuous operation without stopping.

Claims (5)

1. high efficient aeration biological filter, it is characterized in that the bottom, filter tank is provided with water inlet pipe, the middle part is a filter material layer, thickness is 2~3m, the filtrate baffle plate that prevents that suspended filter material runs off is equipped with at the filtrate top, water outlet filter cap evenly is installed on the filtrate baffle plate, and filtrate baffle plate upper space is used as the storage area of backwashing water, the usefulness of filtrate expansion when the space of the bottom of filter material layer and bottom, filter tank gives over to back flushing regeneration.The filter material layer bottom is provided with into water water distributor, the top of filter material layer is aerobic zone, the lower, anaerobic of filter material layer or oxygen-starved area, be provided with boring aeration pipe at aerobic zone and anaerobic zone separation surface, the anaerobic zone bottom is provided with the back flushing blast main, and shore pipe, the bottom in filter tank is settling region and mud valve, effluent trough is located at the topmost in filter tank.
2. high efficient aeration according to claim 1 biological filter is characterized in that: the filter tank airing system divides two circuits, and place the boring aeration pipe in the filter material layer that filter material layer is divided into two districts up and down: top is aerobic zone, and the bottom is the oxygen-starved area.
3. high efficient aeration according to claim 1 biological filter is characterized in that: aerobic zone, anaerobic zone proportion change to some extent.
4. high efficient aeration according to claim 1 biological filter is characterized in that: total system water inlet, backwash, draining, spoil disposal adopt motorized valve control.
5. high efficient aeration according to claim 1 biological filter is characterized in that: install inner filtrate and adopt the dynamic EPS filtrate of lightweight.
CN2010205179759U 2010-09-03 2010-09-03 High-efficiency aeration biological filter tank Expired - Lifetime CN201801417U (en)

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Cited By (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN102351304A (en) * 2011-09-09 2012-02-15 北京林业大学 Novel biological aerated filter capable of solving backwashing problem
CN102583723A (en) * 2012-03-23 2012-07-18 哈尔滨工业大学 Local air-water reversing upflow biological aerated filter and sewage treatment method thereof
CN107473534A (en) * 2017-10-11 2017-12-15 苏州和必尔斯电子科技有限公司 A kind of sewage continous way biological purification plant
CN107973487A (en) * 2017-11-14 2018-05-01 东华大学 A kind of dyeing and finishing wastewater level treatment process and device
CN110066052A (en) * 2019-05-30 2019-07-30 净化控股集团股份有限公司 Integrated sewage processor
CN110845000A (en) * 2019-12-16 2020-02-28 浙江大学 A high hydraulic load aerated biological filter with anti-running material device
CN110980952A (en) * 2019-12-26 2020-04-10 西安建筑科技大学 Village sewage infiltration tank
CN112939324A (en) * 2019-12-10 2021-06-11 扬州市双龙工业设备安装有限公司 Biological oxidation reactor

Cited By (10)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN102351304A (en) * 2011-09-09 2012-02-15 北京林业大学 Novel biological aerated filter capable of solving backwashing problem
CN102583723A (en) * 2012-03-23 2012-07-18 哈尔滨工业大学 Local air-water reversing upflow biological aerated filter and sewage treatment method thereof
CN102583723B (en) * 2012-03-23 2013-07-03 哈尔滨工业大学 Local air-water reversing upflow biological aerated filter and sewage treatment method thereof
CN107473534A (en) * 2017-10-11 2017-12-15 苏州和必尔斯电子科技有限公司 A kind of sewage continous way biological purification plant
CN107973487A (en) * 2017-11-14 2018-05-01 东华大学 A kind of dyeing and finishing wastewater level treatment process and device
CN110066052A (en) * 2019-05-30 2019-07-30 净化控股集团股份有限公司 Integrated sewage processor
CN112939324A (en) * 2019-12-10 2021-06-11 扬州市双龙工业设备安装有限公司 Biological oxidation reactor
CN110845000A (en) * 2019-12-16 2020-02-28 浙江大学 A high hydraulic load aerated biological filter with anti-running material device
CN110845000B (en) * 2019-12-16 2024-04-19 浙江大学 High hydraulic load biological aerated filter with anti-running device
CN110980952A (en) * 2019-12-26 2020-04-10 西安建筑科技大学 Village sewage infiltration tank

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