CN108542927A - 倒心盾翅藤及其提取物在抗肿瘤方面的应用 - Google Patents
倒心盾翅藤及其提取物在抗肿瘤方面的应用 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明属于中药领域,具体涉及倒心盾翅藤及其提取物在抗肿瘤方面的应用,该应用包括体外应用和体内应用。所述的倒心盾翅藤或其提取物可以预防和/或治疗的肿瘤包括肝癌、胃癌、乳腺癌、宫颈癌、结肠癌。本发明所述倒心盾翅藤或其提取物可以用于制备预防和/或治疗肿瘤的药品、保健品、饮品或食品,如可制成口腔崩解片、普洱茶软胶囊、倒心盾翅藤颗粒剂或冲剂、袋泡茶、倒心盾翅藤甾体皂苷A口服液或片剂等。倒心盾翅藤提取物具有良好的抗肿瘤作用,且对正常组织细胞无明显细胞毒性。
Description
技术领域
本发明属于中药领域,具体涉及倒心盾翅藤及其提取物在抗肿瘤方面的应用。
背景技术
根据2016年全国肿瘤登记中心收集的全国各登记处恶性肿瘤登记资料显示,全国2013年新发恶性肿瘤病例约368.2万例,死亡病例222.9万例。肺癌、胃癌、肝癌、结直肠癌、女性乳腺癌、食管癌约占全部肿瘤新发病例的66%;肺癌、肝癌、胃癌、食管癌、结直肠癌是主要的肿瘤死因,约占全部肿瘤死亡病例的70%。恶性肿瘤是严重威胁人类健康和社会发展的疾病。世界卫生组织最新公布的数据表明,全球每年有880万人死于癌症,占全球每年死亡总人数近1/6。近年来,恶性肿瘤发病率在全球范围内总体呈增长趋势。在184个国家和地区中,中国恶性肿瘤发病率总体而言位居中等偏上水平,发病人数约占全球的21.8%。随着人口老龄化加剧和社会经济发展,工业化、城市化进程加快,环境因素、生活方式不断改变,我国肿瘤防控形势日益严峻。目前抗肿瘤药物主要作用机制为细胞毒性,但在临床应用过程中发现,抗肿瘤药物在杀死肿瘤细胞的同时对正常组织细胞也有明显的细胞毒性,服用细胞毒性抗肿瘤药物后导致病人体质下降、免疫力低下,不助于愈后恢复。
傣药倒心盾翅藤(Aspidopterys obcordata Hemsl.)收载于《云南省中药材标准-傣族药》(2005版),来源于金虎尾科植物倒心盾翅藤干燥藤茎,其性涩、凉,具有消炎利尿清热排石之功效,民间主要用于治疗尿路感染膀胱炎、尿路结石、风湿骨痛、产后体虚、食欲不振等疾病。大量研究结果表明:倒心盾翅藤含有木栓同木栓酮、表木栓醇、棕榈酸、β-谷甾醇、豆甾醇等化学成分,具有保护肾小管细胞、抗尿路结石作用。但是尚未见到关于倒心盾翅藤用于抗肿瘤方面的报道。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于提供倒心盾翅藤或其提取物在制备预防和/或治疗肿瘤的药品、保健品、饮品或食品中的应用。
本发明所述应用是倒心盾翅藤或其提取物可以预防和/或治疗的肿瘤包括肝癌、胃癌、乳腺癌、宫颈癌、结肠癌。
本发明所述应用包括体外抑制肿瘤作用和体内应用。
本发明涉及的倒心盾翅藤提取物的提取方法为:
1)取倒心盾翅藤的干燥藤茎,净选、切段,用85-100%的乙醇进行提取;
2)提取液经浓缩干燥后得到的提取物,经离子交换树脂如AB-8型大孔树脂层析,以50-95%乙醇-水为洗脱剂进行洗脱,得到倒心盾翅藤总皂苷含量≥50%的提取物;
3)利用硅胶柱色谱对上步得到的提取物进行分离,以(0∶1~1∶0)氯仿-甲醇进行梯度洗脱,其中70%甲醇部位倒心盾翅藤皂苷A含量≥85%。
本发明中的含量(%)均是指质量百分含量。
上述第1)步中采用85-100%的乙醇提取两次,每次提取时间为2~4h,然后将提取液合并。
对上述第3)步中得到的倒心盾翅藤精制提取物进行纯化分离,并从中分离出1种新的孕甾烷类化合物,命名为倒心盾翅藤甾体皂苷A,其结构式如式(1)所示。
上述纯化分离的具体方法为:70%甲醇部位于sephadex LH-20柱中,使用30%、50%、70%甲醇梯度洗脱,获得白色粉末,经过结构解析为新化合物倒心盾翅藤甾体皂苷A。
本发明所述的应用中,倒心盾翅藤或其提取物可以制成药品、保健品、饮品或食品中,均可用于预防和/或治疗肿瘤。
如可以制成口腔崩解片、普洱茶软胶囊、倒心盾翅藤颗粒剂或冲剂、袋泡茶、倒心盾翅藤甾体皂苷A口服液及片剂等。
其中口腔崩解片的制备方法为:取倒心盾翅藤提取物300~450g与异麦芽糖230~430g、葡萄糖230~300g、交联聚维酮10~20g、硬脂酸镁10~20g,以上原料充分混合用适量乙醇溶液制成软材后,制粒,50~60℃鼓风干燥,制1000粒,整粒,压制成片,即得口腔崩解片。
普洱茶软胶囊的制备方法为:取普洱茶提取物10%~20%,倒心盾翅藤提取物20%~30%,木糖醇15%~23%,麦芽糖6%~20%,15%~22%环糊精,7%~12%乳酸钙按照软胶囊常规工艺制备普洱茶软胶囊。
倒心盾翅藤颗粒剂或冲剂的制备方法为:取倒心盾翅藤提取物75%~95%,在其中加入2%~8%糊精、3%~17%蔗糖混合均匀后,制粒,干燥即得倒心盾翅藤颗粒剂或冲剂。
袋泡茶的制备方法为:取倒心盾翅藤提取物40~58g,肾茶19~28g、甘草13~25g、黄芪7~10g混合均匀制成组合物,分别过16目筛、22目筛,取中间部分分装。加外包装,即得袋泡茶。
倒心盾翅藤甾体皂苷A口服液的制备方法为:倒心盾翅藤甾体皂苷A 3.0~5.0g与10~15g木糖醇,0.5~1.2g低聚异麦芽糖,6~8g赤藓糖醇,0.03~0.05g阿斯巴甜,其余为水,按口服液常规工艺制备倒心盾翅藤甾体皂苷A口服液。
片剂的制备方法为:取倒心盾翅藤甾体皂苷A 70.0~77.5g与可溶性淀粉10~12.5g、异麦芽糖6~8g、葡萄糖5~7g、交联聚维酮1~1.6g、硬脂酸镁0.5~0.9g,以上原料充分混合用适量乙醇溶液制成软材后,制粒,50~70℃鼓风干燥,制1000粒,整粒,压制成片,即得片剂。
本发明最新发现倒心盾翅藤提取物具有良好的抗肿瘤作用,且对正常组织细胞无明显细胞毒性。
倒心盾翅藤为傣药中用量最大的药物之一,傣医临床上常用于治疗泌尿系统结石及泌尿系统感染等疾病,未有抗肿瘤的临床应用习惯,在我们的研究中证实了倒心盾翅藤总提取物及从中得到的倒心盾翅藤皂苷A对肝癌细胞Hep G2、乳腺癌细胞MCF-7、小细胞肺癌SCLC、宫颈癌细胞Hela、人结肠癌SW480等肿瘤细胞株具有较好的抑制其增殖的作用,并且对LO2人肝细胞株、MCF-10A乳腺细胞株、CCD-18Co人结肠组织细胞、BEAS-2B人肺上皮细胞株、GES-1人胃粘膜细胞等正常细胞株未产生明显的细胞毒性,有望作为广谱抗肿瘤新药进行应用。
附图说明
图1为实施例1实验结果示意图。
图2为流式细胞仪检测倒心盾翅藤甾体皂苷A诱导细胞凋亡作用。
图3为倒心盾翅藤甾体皂苷A可剂量依赖性的降低Hep G2肿瘤细胞的存活率。
图4为倒心盾翅藤甾体皂苷A对正常细胞毒性的影响。
具体实施方式
下面通过具体实施例和实验结果证明来对本发明进行进一步说明,发明人通过试验证明了倒心盾翅藤提取物的体外细胞毒活性以及小鼠体内的抗癌作用。
实施例1
(1)取倒心盾翅藤的干燥藤茎,净选、切段,用85%的乙醇进行提取,提取液经浓缩干燥后得的提取物,经D101-b大孔树脂层析,以50%乙醇-水为洗脱剂进行洗脱,得到提取物,提取物中总皂苷类成分含量为50.8%。倒心盾翅藤总皂苷利用硅胶柱色谱进行分离,以7%氯仿-甲醇进行梯度洗脱,得到精制提取物,对倒心盾翅藤精制提取物进行纯化,并从中分离出倒心盾翅藤甾体皂苷A,精制提取物中倒心盾翅藤皂苷A含量为85.9%。
(2)倒心盾翅藤总皂苷对H22荷瘤小鼠肿瘤的抑制作用
H22在小鼠腹腔中传代3次之后,取腹水加生理盐水分别稀释获得1×107/mL-1的细胞悬液,接种于右前肢腋下,剂量均为0.2mL。造模后,小鼠随机分为5组,分别为阳性对照组(去甲斑蝥素组4mg·kg-1)、由上述提取得到的倒心盾翅藤总皂苷高、中、低剂量组(1、0.5、0.25g·kg-1)、模型组(水20mL·kg-1),每组10只,次日开始,连续给药10d。给药结束后,H22荷瘤小鼠称量体重后处死,计算抑瘤率=(模型组平均肿瘤重量-给药组平均肿瘤重量)÷模型组平均肿瘤重量×100%。
实验结果如图1所示。倒心盾翅藤总皂苷高、中、低剂量组抑瘤率分别为61.88%、69.04%、48.57%,阳性对照组52.32%。
实施例2
(1)取倒心盾翅藤的干燥藤茎,净选、切段,用100%的乙醇进行提取。提取液经浓缩干燥后得的提取物,经H-60大孔树脂层析,以95%乙醇-水为洗脱剂进行洗脱,得到提取物,提取物中总皂苷类成分含量为59.8%。
(2)倒心盾翅藤总皂苷对不同肿瘤细胞IC50值的测定
贴壁细胞(肝癌细胞Hep G2、乳腺癌细胞MCF-7、小细胞肺癌SCLC、宫颈癌细胞Hela、人结肠癌SW480)IC50测定方法:取96孔细胞培养板,每孔加入浓度为3×105个/mL的细胞悬液200μL,37℃、5%CO2培养箱中贴壁培养24h。吸出培养基后每孔加入不含血清的含倒心盾翅藤总皂苷培养基100μL,使得药物终浓度分别为100、50、25、12.5、6.2和3.1μg·mL-1,每质量浓度3个复孔,空白对照组加入等量无血清培养基,同时设赋形剂对照组(含0.5%DMSO的无血清培养基),37℃、5%CO2培养箱中培养24h。取出细胞培养板,吸出培养基,每孔加入DMSO100μL,震荡后,570nm处测定OD值。计算细胞相对存活率=加药孔OD值/空白孔OD值×100%,于Graph Pad Prism 6软件中将OD值对药物浓度进行拟合,药物浓度取对数后,采用log(inhibitor)vs.normalized response—Variable slope计算IC50。
非贴壁/半贴壁生长细胞(H22、S180)IC50测定方法:细胞经过收集后加无血清培养基重悬,稀释获得6×105个/mL的细胞悬液,每孔加入50μL,加入含药培养基50μL,使得药物终浓度分别为100、50、25、12.5、6.2和3.1μg·mL-1,每质量浓度3个复孔,空白对照组加入等量无血清培养基,同时设赋形剂对照组(含0.5%DMSO的无血清培养基),37℃、5%CO2培养箱中培养24h。2500r·min-1离心10min,吸出培养基,每孔加入DMSO100μL,570nm处测定OD值。IC50计算方法同贴壁细胞。
表1倒心盾翅藤总皂苷对不同肿瘤细胞的IC50
实验结果表明,倒心盾翅藤总皂苷能够对HepG G2等7种肿瘤细胞均能够拟合IC50,说明对这些肿瘤细胞均具有细胞毒性,能够应用于抗肿瘤药物的开发中。
实施例3
(1)取倒心盾翅藤的干燥藤茎,净选、切段,用95%的乙醇进行提取。提取液经浓缩干燥后得的提取物,经DM130大孔树脂层析,以80%乙醇-水为洗脱剂进行洗脱,得到提取物,提取物中总皂苷类成分含量为68.4%。倒心盾翅藤总皂苷利用硅胶柱色谱进行分离,以70%氯仿-甲醇进行梯度洗脱,得到精制提取物,其特征为精制提取物中倒心盾翅藤皂苷A含量为92.4%。
(2)流式细胞仪检测倒心盾翅藤甾体皂苷A诱导Hep G2细胞凋亡的作用
Huh-7细胞接种到60mm培养皿中,每皿10万个,培养24h。加入含倒心盾翅藤甾体皂苷A培养基,浓度为30、20、10μg·mL-1,对照组细胞不加药,培养24h后胰酶消化细胞转入离心管中,1000r·min-1离心5min,弃去上清,加4℃预冷的PBS混悬细胞后再次离心去上清。加100μLbinding-buffer和5μLAnnexinV、1μLPI室温避光15min,流式细胞仪中检测细胞凋亡情况。
图2为流式细胞仪检测倒心盾翅藤甾体皂苷A诱导细胞凋亡作用。图3为倒心盾翅藤甾体皂苷A可剂量依赖性的降低Hep G2肿瘤细胞的存活率。由图2和图3可知,倒心盾翅藤甾体皂苷A在10、20、30μg·mL-1,浓度下均能够促进Hep G2细胞的凋亡且存在一定的剂量依赖性关系,在30μg·mL-1浓度下Hep G2细胞存活率仅为25.6±0.76%,具有显著的促进细胞凋亡作用。
实施例4
(1)倒心盾翅藤甾体皂苷A的提取
干燥倒心盾翅藤药材2kg,清洗切段后,使用75%乙醇提取后浓缩干燥。所得提取物使用sephadex LH-20柱及逆行填柱,使用30%、50%的甲醇进行洗脱至无色,再使用70%甲醇进行洗脱富集,最终经浓缩重结晶后获得白色粉末,经过结构解析为新化合物倒心盾翅藤甾体皂苷A。
(2)MTT法测定倒心盾翅藤甾体皂苷A对正常组织细胞的细胞毒性
用0.25%胰蛋白酶消化LO2人正常肝细胞株、MCF-10A正常乳腺细胞株、CCD-18Co正常人结肠组织细胞、BEAS-2B人正常肺上皮细胞株、GES-1人胃粘膜细胞细胞株,收集后加入DMEM高糖完全培养基,按每孔8000个细胞接种于96孔培养板,置于37℃,5%CO2二氧化碳培养箱中孵育,孵育24h后,加入倒心盾翅藤甾体皂苷A浓度为30μg·mL-1。培养24h后,取出96孔板每孔加MTT溶液(5mg·mL-1)20μL,置于37℃,5%CO2二氧化碳培养箱中孵育4h后,离心后弃上清,每孔加入100μL DMSO,测定490nm处的吸光度。
图4所示为倒心盾翅藤甾体皂苷A对正常细胞毒性的影响,由图4可知,在给药浓度为30μg·mL-1的情况下,倒心盾翅藤甾体皂苷A对LO2人正常肝细胞、MCF-10A正常乳腺细胞、CCD-18Co正常人结肠组织细胞、BEAS-2B人正常肺上皮细胞、GES-1人胃粘膜细胞等均未产生细胞毒性,反映出倒心盾翅藤甾体皂苷A为一种高效低毒的肿瘤细胞毒性药物。
尽管已经示出和描述了本发明的实施例,对于本领域的普通技术人员而言,可以理解在不脱离本发明的原理和精神的情况下可以对这些实施例进行多种变化、修改、替换和变型,本发明的范围由所附权利要求及其等同物限定。
Claims (10)
1.倒心盾翅藤或其提取物在预防和/或治疗肿瘤中的药品、保健品、饮品或食品中应用。
2.如权利要求1所述的应用,其特征在于所述的提取物中的倒心盾翅藤皂苷A含量≥85%。
3.如权利要求1所述的应用,其特征在于所述倒心盾翅藤或其提取物所预防和/或治疗的肿瘤包括肝癌、胃癌、乳腺癌、宫颈癌、结肠癌。
4.如权利要求1所述的应用,其特征在于所述应用包括体外应用和体内应用。
5.如权利要求1所述的应用,其特征在于所述的倒心盾翅藤提取物的提取方法为:
1)取倒心盾翅藤的干燥藤茎,净选、切段,用85~100%的乙醇进行提取;
2)提取液经浓缩干燥后得到的提取物,经AB-8型大孔树脂层析,以50~95%乙醇-水为洗脱剂进行洗脱,得到倒心盾翅藤总皂苷含量≥50%的提取物;
3)利用硅胶柱色谱对上步得到的提取物进行分离,以70~90%氯仿-甲醇进行梯度洗脱,得到倒心盾翅藤皂苷A含量≥85%的精制提取物。
6.如权利要求5所述的应用,其特征在于所述第1)步中采用85~100%的乙醇提取两次,每次提取时间为2~4h,然后将提取液合并。
7.如权利要求5所述的应用,其特征在于所述的药品、保健品、饮品或食品为口腔崩解片、普洱茶软胶囊、倒心盾翅藤颗粒剂或冲剂、袋泡茶、倒心盾翅藤甾体皂苷A口服液或片剂。
8.如权利要求7所述的应用,其特征在于所述口腔崩解片的制备方法为:取倒心盾翅藤提取物300~450g与异麦芽糖230~430g、葡萄糖230~300g、交联聚维酮10~20g、硬脂酸镁10~20g,以上原料充分混合用乙醇溶液制成软材后,制粒,50~60℃鼓风干燥,制1000粒,整粒,压制成片,即得口腔崩解片。
9.权利要求7所述的应用,其特征在于所述倒心盾翅藤颗粒剂或冲剂的制备方法为:取倒心盾翅藤提取物75%~95%,在其中加入2%~8%糊精、3%~17%蔗糖混合均匀后,制粒,干燥即得倒心盾翅藤颗粒剂或冲剂。
10.权利要求7所述的应用,其特征在于所述片剂的制备方法为:取倒心盾翅藤甾体皂苷A70.0~77.5g与可溶性淀粉10~12.5g、异麦芽糖6~8g、葡萄糖5~7g、交联聚维酮1~1.6g、硬脂酸镁0.5~0.9g,以上原料充分混合用适量乙醇溶液制成软材后,制粒,50~70℃鼓风干燥,制1000粒,整粒,压制成片,即得片剂。
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CN112716988A (zh) * | 2021-01-22 | 2021-04-30 | 西双版纳傣族自治州人民医院 | 倒心盾翅藤提取物在制备预防和/或治疗糖尿病肾病的药物中的应用 |
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