CN108493359A - 一种动力锂离子电池用铝塑复合膜 - Google Patents
一种动力锂离子电池用铝塑复合膜 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明属于动力锂电池外壳封装技术领域，尤其是一种动力锂离子电池用铝塑复合膜，包括铝箔层，所述铝箔层的哑光面上有一层处理层，所述处理层采用表面处理剂制成，所述处理层上有一层薄膜，所述薄膜与处理层之间通过改性聚氨酯胶黏剂连接；所述铝箔层的亮光面上有一层特殊防护层，所述特殊防护层采用改进型表面成膜剂，所述防护层上有一层多功能内层，所述铝塑膜的整体厚度为113‑152μm。通过制造特殊保护层，可以隔断电解液中的低分子量强溶剂的腐蚀，改善内层的复合强度。耐溶胀的改性聚丙烯或聚乙烯的使用，令热封后的粘结结构在电解液的强溶剂浸泡环境下不发生大幅度的结构变化，进而改善其热封性能与耐化学性能。
Description
技术领域
本发明属于动力锂电池外壳封装技术领域，尤其是一种动力锂离子电池用铝塑复合膜。
背景技术
随着新能源的产业发展需求，特别是大容量蓄能，大功率放电的市场需求逐渐增加，特化的软包锂动力电池因其安全性，大容量，相对较低的容量衰减速度而逐渐成为市场主流需求之一。现阶段软包锂动力电池的封装主要材料是使用铝塑复合膜，但现阶段的铝塑复合膜存在冲压成型性能不足，制成电池后，热封性能下降明显，且表面层在长期的充放电时产生热量，令复合层界面出现长期的应力集中，进而可能造成表层脱落，存在了一定的安全风险。因此专门为软包锂动力电池设计了一种铝塑复合膜。
发明内容
本发明的目的是：提供一种动力锂离子电池应用的铝塑复合膜，该动力锂离子电池应用铝塑复合膜具有处理层，大幅度改善了铝塑复合膜的延展性能和内层的复合强度，并大幅度改善了铝塑复合膜在制成电池后的安全性。
为解决上述技术问题，本发明采用的技术方案如下：
一种动力锂离子电池用铝塑复合膜，所述铝塑复合膜包括铝箔层，所述铝箔层的哑光面上有一层处理层，所述处理层采用表面处理剂制成，所述处理层上有一层薄膜，所述薄膜与处理层之间通过改性聚氨酯胶黏剂连接；
所述铝箔层的亮光面上有一层特殊防护层，所述特殊防护层采用改进型表面成膜剂，所述防护层上有一层多功能内层，所述铝塑膜的整体厚度为113-152μm。
优选的，所述表面处理剂由酸性氟化物、氧化剂、去离子水配制而成，其中酸性氟化物为氟化氢铵，氧化剂为过氧化氢，所述氟化氢铵、过氧化氢、去离子水的质量比为1-18:15-30:1000。
优选的，所述改性聚氨酯胶黏剂包括主剂、固化剂、溶剂，其中主剂为丙烯酸酯接枝改性聚氨酯混合物。
优选的，所述薄膜选用聚酰胺薄膜、聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯薄膜其中一种或两者的复合膜。
优选的，所述改进型表面成膜剂由螯合剂、渗透剂和表面成膜剂改性制成的，所述螯合剂、渗透剂、表面成膜剂的质量比为0.2-2：0.1-1.5：1000。
优选的，所述多功能内层由聚丙烯或聚乙烯改性粒料，添加爽滑剂制成，所述聚丙烯或聚乙烯改性粒料与爽滑剂的质量比为100:1-8。
优选的，所述爽滑剂为非迁移型爽滑剂。
采用本发明的技术方案的有益效果是：
通过制造特殊保护层，可以隔断电解液中的低分子量强溶剂的腐蚀，改善内层的复合强度。耐溶胀的改性聚丙烯或聚乙烯的使用，令热封后的粘结结构在电解液的强溶剂浸泡环境下不发生大幅度的结构变化，进而改善其热封性能与耐化学性能。而表面渗透成孔可以优化外层与铝箔的粘结界面，改变了其粘结接头的类型，使铝塑复合膜的冲压成型性能与抗应力变化的性能。
附图说明
下面结合附图和具体实施例对本发明作进一步的说明。
图1为现有技术中铝箔层表面成膜处理后的示意图。
图2为本发明特殊防护层表面成膜处理后的示意图。
具体实施方式
现在结合附图对本发明作进一步详细的说明。这些附图均为简化的示意图，仅以示意方式说明本发明的基本结构，因此其仅显示与本发明有关的构成。
实施例1
一种动力锂离子电池用铝塑复合膜，所述铝塑复合膜包括铝箔层，铝箔层上的哑光面有一层处理层，所述处理层采用改进型表面处理剂，所述处理层上有一层薄膜，所述薄膜与处理层之间通过改性聚氨酯胶黏剂连接；
所述铝箔层的另一个面上有一层特殊防护层，所述特殊防护层采用表面成膜剂反应制成，所述防护层上有一层多功能内层，所述铝塑膜的整体厚度为113μm。所述多功能内层的质量份组成如下：聚丙烯改性粒料，添加一定比例的爽滑剂，所述爽滑剂为氟系非迁移型爽滑剂，聚丙烯改性粒料与氟系非迁移型爽滑剂爽滑剂的质量比为100:2。
其中，所述表面处理剂为酸性氟化物、氧化剂、去离子水配制而成，酸性氟化物为氟化氢铵，氧化物为过氧化氢，配制的质量比为氟化氢铵:过氧化氢:去离子水=1.2:20:1000。另外，本实施方式中所述薄膜选用聚酰胺薄膜，所述表面成膜剂为螯合剂、渗透剂改性制成的表面成膜剂，配制的质量比例为螯合剂：渗透剂：表面成膜剂=0.5：0.8：1000。
如图2所示，使用本实施方式的改进型表面处理剂后在铝箔层哑光面表面形成致密的保护层，而如图1所示的现有技术形成的处理层没有颗粒状的致密膜，保护效果明显不如本实施方式形成的铝塑复合膜。
实施例2
一种动力锂离子电池用铝塑复合膜，所述铝塑复合膜包括铝箔层，铝箔层上的哑光面有一层处理层，所述处理层采用改进型表面处理剂，所述处理层上有一层薄膜，所述薄膜与处理层之间通过改性聚氨酯胶黏剂连接，所述薄膜选用聚酰胺薄膜；所述表面处理剂为酸性氟化物、氧化剂、去离子水配制而成，酸性氟化物为氟化氢铵，氧化物为过氧化氢，配制的质量比为氟化氢铵:过氧化氢:去离子水=1.4:18:1000。所述表面成膜剂为螯合剂、渗透剂改性制成的表面成膜剂，配制的质量比例为螯合剂：渗透剂：表面成膜剂=0.4：0.2：1000。
所述铝箔层的另一个面上有一层特殊防护层，所述特殊防护层采用表面成膜剂反应制成，所述防护层上有一层多功能内层，所述铝塑膜的整体厚度为152μm。所述多功能内层的质量份组成如下：聚乙烯改性粒料，添加一定比例的爽滑剂为氟系非迁移型爽滑剂，聚乙烯改性粒料与爽滑剂的质量比为100:2。
实施例3
一种动力锂离子电池用铝塑复合膜，所述铝塑复合膜包括铝箔层，铝箔层上的哑光面有一层处理层，所述处理层采用改进型表面处理剂，所述处理层上有一层薄膜，所述薄膜与处理层之间通过改性聚氨酯胶黏剂连接，所述薄膜选用聚酰胺薄膜。所述表面处理剂为酸性氟化物、氧化剂、去离子水配制而成，酸性氟化物为氟化氢铵，氧化物为过氧化氢，配制的质量比为氟化氢铵:过氧化氢:去离子水=1.4:18:1000。所述表面成膜剂为螯合剂、渗透剂改性制成的表面成膜剂，配制的质量比例为螯合剂：渗透剂：表面成膜剂=0.3：0.2：1000。
所述铝箔层的另一个面上有一层特殊防护层，所述特殊防护层采用表面成膜剂反应制成，所述防护层上有一层多功能内层，所述铝塑膜的整体厚度为152μm。所述多功能内层的质量份组成如下：聚丙烯改性粒料，添加一定比例的硅烷系非迁移型爽滑剂，聚丙烯改性粒料与爽滑剂的质量比为100:2。
实施例4
一种动力锂离子电池用铝塑复合膜，所述铝塑复合膜包括铝箔层，铝箔层上的哑光面有一层处理层，所述处理层采用改进型表面处理剂，所述处理层上有一层薄膜，所述薄膜选用聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯薄膜；所述薄膜与处理层之间通过改性聚氨酯胶黏剂连接；所述表面处理剂为酸性氟化物、氧化剂、去离子水配制而成，酸性氟化物为氟化氢铵，氧化物为过氧化氢，配制的质量比为氟化氢铵:过氧化氢:去离子水=1.4:18:1000。所述表面成膜剂为螯合剂、渗透剂改性制成的表面成膜剂，配制的质量比例为螯合剂：渗透剂：表面成膜剂=0.3：0.2：1000。
所述铝箔层的另一个面上有一层特殊防护层，所述特殊防护层采用表面成膜剂反应制成，所述防护层上有一层多功能内层，所述铝塑膜的整体厚度为152μm。所述多功能内层的质量份组成如下：聚丙烯改性粒料，添加一定比例的爽滑剂，所述爽滑剂为氟系非迁移型爽滑剂，聚丙烯改性粒料与爽滑剂的质量比为100:2。
实施例1中，113μm厚度的铝塑复合膜的各项测试结果：
上表中数据中，经过改进的铝塑复合膜，其冲压成型性能有了25%以上的提升，延展性能提升了41%，电池成型后，内层的玻剥离强度提升了20%，在电池老化后，结构保持性能提升了11%。
实施例2、3、4中，152μm厚度的铝塑复合膜的各项测试结果：
上表中数据中，经过改进的铝塑复合膜，其冲压成型性能有了20%以上的提升，延展性能提升了19%，电池成型后，内层的玻剥离强度提升了12%，在电池老化后，结构保持性能提升了8%。
以上述依据本发明的理想实施例为启示，通过上述的说明内容，相关工作人员完全可以在不偏离本项发明技术思想的范围内，进行多样的变更以及修改。本项发明的技术性范围并不局限于说明书上的内容，必须要根据权利要求范围来确定其技术性范围。
Claims (7)
1.一种动力锂离子电池用铝塑复合膜，其特征在于：所述铝塑复合膜包括铝箔层，所述铝箔层的哑光面上有一层处理层，所述处理层采用表面处理剂制成，所述处理层上有一层薄膜，所述薄膜与处理层之间通过改性聚氨酯胶黏剂连接；
所述铝箔层的亮光面上有一层特殊防护层，所述特殊防护层采用改进型表面成膜剂，所述防护层上有一层多功能内层，所述铝塑膜的整体厚度为113-152μm。
2.根据权利要求1所述的一种动力锂离子电池用铝塑复合膜，其特征在于：所述表面处理剂由酸性氟化物、氧化剂、去离子水配制而成，其中酸性氟化物为氟化氢铵，氧化剂为过氧化氢，所述氟化氢铵、过氧化氢、去离子水的质量比为1-18:15-30:1000。
3.根据权利要求1所述的一种动力锂离子电池用铝塑复合膜，其特征在于：所述改性聚氨酯胶黏剂包括主剂、固化剂、溶剂，其中主剂为丙烯酸酯接枝改性聚氨酯混合物。
4.根据权利要求1所述的一种动力锂离子电池用铝塑复合膜，其特征在于：所述薄膜选用聚酰胺薄膜、聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯薄膜其中一种或两者的复合膜。
5.根据权利要求1所述的一种动力锂离子电池用铝塑复合膜，其特征在于：所述改进型表面成膜剂由螯合剂、渗透剂和表面成膜剂改性制成的，所述螯合剂、渗透剂、表面成膜剂的质量比为0.2-2：0.1-1.5：1000。
6.根据权利要求1所述的一种动力锂离子电池用铝塑复合膜，其特征在于：所述多功能内层由聚丙烯或聚乙烯改性粒料，添加爽滑剂制成，所述聚丙烯或聚乙烯改性粒料与爽滑剂的质量比为100:1-8。
7.根据权利要求5所述的一种动力锂离子电池应用的铝塑复合膜，其特征在于：所述爽滑剂为非迁移型爽滑剂。
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