CN109367155A - 一种动力锂电池铝塑膜及其制备方法 - Google Patents

一种动力锂电池铝塑膜及其制备方法 Download PDF

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CN109367155A
CN109367155A CN201811214061.2A CN201811214061A CN109367155A CN 109367155 A CN109367155 A CN 109367155A CN 201811214061 A CN201811214061 A CN 201811214061A CN 109367155 A CN109367155 A CN 109367155A
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aluminum plastic
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吕松
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CHANGZHOU SIWEIKE PHOTOVOLTAIC NEW MATERIAL Co Ltd
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Abstract

本发明涉及电池封装技术领域，尤其是一种动力锂电池铝塑膜及其制备方法；所述铝塑膜从外表面到内表面依次为保护外层、粘结层、处理层、铝箔层、耐腐蚀涂层、酸碱指示剂层、粘结层、多功能内层，多功能内层的表面设有若干凹槽，若干凹槽形成网格结构，保护外层为聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯薄膜和聚酰胺薄膜的复合膜，粘结层为改性聚氨酯胶黏剂，处理层为纳米孔形成层，多功能内层为聚乙烯薄膜；本发明中的多功能内层的表面设有若干凹槽，若干凹槽形成网格结构，大幅度地强化了铝塑复合膜的延展性能和改善外表层离层的现象；本发明中的耐腐蚀涂层，提高了铝塑膜的耐腐蚀性，酸碱指示剂层，可以显示电池是否有电解液泄露，提高了使用的安全性。

Description

一种动力锂电池铝塑膜及其制备方法
技术领域
本发明涉及电池封装技术领域，尤其是一种动力锂电池铝塑膜及其制备方法。
背景技术
随着移动式或中小型储能装置的发展要求，特别是对多种外形状态的动力锂电池的应用发展要求，急需一种能够高自由度塑形且方便对电芯进行封装的外包装材料制造出来，但一般的铝塑复合膜并不能达到下面的要求：
由于聚合物锂电池使用的电解液中含有六氟磷酸锂，该化合物不稳定，在受到外部加热、水分入侵等后会分解出强酸。因此对材料的整体隔绝性能和内层抗腐蚀性能有极强的要求。同时，因电芯的电解液为液态存在，其中含有碳酸二甲酯等小分子溶剂，对一般的聚酯材料有强的溶胀能力，会使得内层的复合强度逐渐下降，甚至脱离。因而也要求内层材料有抗溶胀能力与强的复合强度。而因电池的使用环境，也要求外包材料有强的抗穿刺性和耐折性能。而对材料的冲压成型，则是要求铝塑复合膜具有良好的延展性。
发明内容
本发明的目的是：克服现有技术中不足，提供一种动力锂电池铝塑膜，该动力锂电池铝塑膜的整体隔绝性能好，内层抗腐蚀性强，同时该动力锂电池铝塑膜具有较强的抗穿刺性和耐着性能，本发明的另一个目的是提供一种动力锂电池铝塑膜的制备方法。
为实现上述目的，本发明采用的技术方案如下：
一种动力锂电池铝塑膜，所述铝塑膜从外表面到内表面依次为保护外层、粘结层、处理层、铝箔层、耐腐蚀涂层、酸碱指示剂层、粘结层、多功能内层，所述多功能内层的表面设有若干凹槽，若干凹槽形成网格结构，所述保护外层为聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯薄膜和聚酰胺薄膜的复合膜，所述粘结层为改性聚氨酯胶黏剂，所述处理层为纳米孔形成层，所述耐腐蚀涂层为丙烯酸酯接枝环氧树脂防腐涂料涂覆形成的致密保护层，所述多功能内层为聚乙烯薄膜。
进一步的，所述多功能内层的内表面设有若干凹槽，外表面为光滑的胶水涂布面。
进一步的，凹槽呈菱形，所述凹槽的密度为2-8格/mm2，所述凹槽的深度为2-5μm。
进一步的，所述聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯薄膜和聚酰胺薄膜之间通过改性聚氨酯胶黏剂连接。
进一步的，所述铝箔层的厚度为30-50μm。
进一步的，所述外保护层的厚度为20-30μm。
制备一种动力锂电池铝塑膜的方法，所述制备方法包括以下步骤：
（1）将聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯经挤出流延拉伸制得聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯薄膜，以作备用；
（2）将聚酰胺经挤出流延拉伸制得聚酰胺薄膜，以作备用；
（3）将聚乙烯经挤出流延拉伸制得聚乙烯薄膜，经具有精密凹凸结构的钢辊和橡胶辊压延，形成网格状结构的聚乙烯薄膜，以作备用；
（4）将韧性铝箔的一面经凹版涂布耐腐蚀涂层，并在耐腐蚀涂层外涂布一层酸碱指示剂层，另一面渗透处理得到处理层；
（5）将铝箔层的处理层外涂布一层粘结剂，依次通过干式复合备用的聚乙烯薄膜和聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯薄膜；
（6）将铝箔层的酸碱指示剂层外涂布一层粘结剂，然后通过干式复合备用的聚乙烯薄膜；
（7）将复合好的铝塑膜在60-100℃固化1-3天，分切、包装得到动力锂电池铝塑膜。
采用本发明的技术方案的有益效果是：
1、本发明的处理层的结构能够改善铝塑复合膜的外表层与中间层的粘结效果，大幅度地强化了铝塑复合膜的延展性能和改善外表层离层的现象。特殊防护层与多功能内层的结构组合，能提高热封层与隔绝层的结合效果，并隔绝层有强的耐化学性能。同时，本发明中的多功能内层的表面设有若干凹槽，若干凹槽形成网格结构，进一步提高了铝塑膜的多功能内层与中间层之间的粘结效果，大幅度地强化了铝塑复合膜的延展性能和改善外表层离层的现象。
2、本发明中的耐腐蚀涂层，提高了铝塑膜的耐腐蚀性，酸碱指示剂层，可以显示电池是否有电解液泄露，提高了使用的安全性。
3、本发明的动力锂电池铝塑膜的制备方法，工艺简单，成本低，制得的动力锂电池铝塑膜具有较强的抗拉伸等力学性能，具有较强的耐化学性能。
具体实施方式
下面的实施例可以使本专业技术人员更全面地理解本发明，但是这些实施例不是对本发明保护范围的限制。此处所称的“一个实施例”或“实施例”是指可包含于本发明至少一个实现方式中的特定特征、结构或特性。在本说明书中不同地方出现的“在一个实施例中”并非均指同一个实施例，也不是单独的或选择性的与其他实施例互相排斥的实施例。
实施例1
一种动力锂电池铝塑膜，铝塑膜从外表面到内表面依次为保护外层、粘结层、处理层、铝箔层、耐腐蚀涂层、酸碱指示剂层、粘结层、多功能内层，多功能内层的表面设有若干凹槽，若干凹槽形成网格结构，保护外层为聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯薄膜和聚酰胺薄膜的复合膜，粘结层为改性聚氨酯胶黏剂，处理层为纳米孔形成层，耐腐蚀涂层为丙烯酸酯接枝环氧树脂防腐涂料涂覆形成的致密保护层，多功能内层为聚乙烯薄膜。
其中，多功能内层的内表面设有若干凹槽，外表面为光滑的胶水涂布面。
其中，凹槽呈菱形，凹槽的密度为2格/mm2，凹槽的深度为2μm。
其中，聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯薄膜和聚酰胺薄膜之间通过改性聚氨酯胶黏剂连接。
其中，铝箔层的厚度为300μm。
其中，外保护层的厚度为20μm。
实施例2
一种动力锂电池铝塑膜，铝塑膜从外表面到内表面依次为保护外层、粘结层、处理层、铝箔层、耐腐蚀涂层、酸碱指示剂层、粘结层、多功能内层，多功能内层的表面设有若干凹槽，若干凹槽形成网格结构，保护外层为聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯薄膜和聚酰胺薄膜的复合膜，粘结层为改性聚氨酯胶黏剂，处理层为纳米孔形成层，耐腐蚀涂层为丙烯酸酯接枝环氧树脂防腐涂料涂覆形成的致密保护层，多功能内层为聚乙烯薄膜。
其中，多功能内层的内表面设有若干凹槽，外表面为光滑的胶水涂布面。
其中，凹槽呈菱形，凹槽的密度为5格/mm2，凹槽的深度为3.5μm。
其中，聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯薄膜和聚酰胺薄膜之间通过改性聚氨酯胶黏剂连接。
其中，铝箔层的厚度为40μm。
其中，外保护层的厚度为25μm。
实施例3
一种动力锂电池铝塑膜，铝塑膜从外表面到内表面依次为保护外层、粘结层、处理层、铝箔层、耐腐蚀涂层、酸碱指示剂层、粘结层、多功能内层，多功能内层的表面设有若干凹槽，若干凹槽形成网格结构，保护外层为聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯薄膜和聚酰胺薄膜的复合膜，粘结层为改性聚氨酯胶黏剂，处理层为纳米孔形成层，耐腐蚀涂层为丙烯酸酯接枝环氧树脂防腐涂料涂覆形成的致密保护层，多功能内层为聚乙烯薄膜。
其中，多功能内层的内表面设有若干凹槽，外表面为光滑的胶水涂布面。
其中，凹槽呈菱形，所述凹槽的密度为8格/mm2，所述凹槽的深度为5μm。
其中，聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯薄膜和聚酰胺薄膜之间通过改性聚氨酯胶黏剂连接。
其中，铝箔层的厚度为50μm。
其中，外保护层的厚度为30μm。
实施例1-实施例3中的动力锂电池铝塑膜的制备方法，包括以下步骤：
（1）将聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯经挤出流延拉伸制得聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯薄膜，以作备用；
（2）将聚酰胺经挤出流延拉伸制得聚酰胺薄膜，以作备用；
（3）将聚乙烯经挤出流延拉伸制得聚乙烯薄膜，经具有精密凹凸结构的钢辊和橡胶辊压延，形成网格状结构的聚乙烯薄膜，以作备用；
（4）将韧性铝箔的一面经凹版涂布耐腐蚀涂层，并在耐腐蚀涂层外涂布一层酸碱指示剂层，另一面渗透处理得到处理层；
（5）将铝箔层的处理层外涂布一层粘结剂，依次通过干式复合备用的聚乙烯薄膜和聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯薄膜；
（6）将铝箔层的酸碱指示剂层外涂布一层粘结剂，然后通过干式复合备用的聚乙烯薄膜；
（7）将复合好的铝塑膜在60-100℃固化1-3天，分切、包装得到动力锂电池铝塑膜。
所属技术领域的技术人员可以理解的是，本发明中的动力锂电池铝塑膜及其制备方法具有以下有益效果：
1、本发明的处理层的结构能够改善铝塑复合膜的外表层与中间层的粘结效果，大幅度地强化了铝塑复合膜的延展性能和改善外表层离层的现象。特殊防护层与多功能内层的结构组合，能提高热封层与隔绝层的结合效果，并隔绝层有强的耐化学性能。同时，本发明中的多功能内层的表面设有若干凹槽，若干凹槽形成网格结构，进一步提高了铝塑膜的多功能内层与中间层之间的粘结效果，大幅度地强化了铝塑复合膜的延展性能和改善外表层离层的现象。
2、本发明中的耐腐蚀涂层，提高了铝塑膜的耐腐蚀性，酸碱指示剂层，可以显示电池是否有电解液泄露，提高了使用的安全性。
3、本发明的动力锂电池铝塑膜的制备方法，工艺简单，成本低，制得的动力锂电池铝塑膜具有较强的抗拉伸等力学性能，具有较强的耐化学性能。
以上述依据本发明的理想实施例为启示，通过上述的说明内容，相关工作人员完全可以在不偏离本项发明技术思想的范围内，进行多样的变更以及修改。凡在本发明的精神和原则之内，所做的任何修改、等同替换、改进等，均应包含在本发明的保护范围之内。本项发明的技术性范围并不局限于说明书上的内容，必须要根据权利要求范围来确定其技术性范围。

Claims (7)

1.一种动力锂电池铝塑膜，其特征在于：所述铝塑膜从外表面到内表面依次为保护外层、粘结层、处理层、铝箔层、耐腐蚀涂层、酸碱指示剂层、粘结层、多功能内层，所述多功能内层的表面设有若干凹槽，若干凹槽形成网格结构，所述保护外层为聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯薄膜和聚酰胺薄膜的复合膜，所述粘结层为改性聚氨酯胶黏剂，所述处理层为纳米孔形成层，所述耐腐蚀涂层为丙烯酸酯接枝环氧树脂防腐涂料涂覆形成的致密保护层，所述多功能内层为聚乙烯薄膜。
2.根据权利要求1所述的一种动力锂电池铝塑膜，其特征在于：所述多功能内层的内表面设有若干凹槽，外表面为光滑的胶水涂布面。
3.根据权利要求2所述的一种动力锂电池铝塑膜，其特征在于：所述凹槽呈菱形，所述凹槽的密度为2-8格/mm2，所述凹槽的深度为2-5μm。
4.根据权利要求1所述的一种动力锂电池铝塑膜，其特征在于：所述聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯薄膜和聚酰胺薄膜之间通过改性聚氨酯胶黏剂连接。
5.根据权利要求1所述的一种动力锂电池铝塑膜，其特征在于：所述铝箔层的厚度为30-50μm。
6.根据权利要求1所述的一种动力锂电池铝塑膜，其特征在于：所述外保护层的厚度为20-30μm。
7.制备如权利要求1-6中任一项所述的一种动力锂电池铝塑膜的方法，其特征在于：所述制备方法包括以下步骤：
（1）将聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯经挤出流延拉伸制得聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯薄膜，以作备用；
（2）将聚酰胺经挤出流延拉伸制得聚酰胺薄膜，以作备用；
（3）将聚乙烯经挤出流延拉伸制得聚乙烯薄膜，经具有精密凹凸结构的钢辊和橡胶辊压延，形成网格状结构的聚乙烯薄膜，以作备用；
（4）将韧性铝箔的一面经凹版涂布耐腐蚀涂层，并在耐腐蚀涂层外涂布一层酸碱指示剂层，另一面渗透处理得到处理层；
（5）将铝箔层的处理层外涂布一层粘结剂，依次通过干式复合备用的聚乙烯薄膜和聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯薄膜；
（6）将铝箔层的酸碱指示剂层外涂布一层粘结剂，然后通过干式复合备用的聚乙烯薄膜；
（7）将复合好的铝塑膜在60-100℃固化1-3天，分切、包装得到动力锂电池铝塑膜。
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