CN108476849A - A kind of fast construction method of the windproof phytobiocoenose in coastal waters wasteland - Google Patents
A kind of fast construction method of the windproof phytobiocoenose in coastal waters wasteland Download PDFInfo
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- CN108476849A CN108476849A CN201810278780.4A CN201810278780A CN108476849A CN 108476849 A CN108476849 A CN 108476849A CN 201810278780 A CN201810278780 A CN 201810278780A CN 108476849 A CN108476849 A CN 108476849A
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G17/00—Cultivation of hops, vines, fruit trees, or like trees
- A01G17/005—Cultivation methods
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01B—SOIL WORKING IN AGRICULTURE OR FORESTRY; PARTS, DETAILS, OR ACCESSORIES OF AGRICULTURAL MACHINES OR IMPLEMENTS, IN GENERAL
- A01B79/00—Methods for working soil
- A01B79/02—Methods for working soil combined with other agricultural processing, e.g. fertilising, planting
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G22/00—Cultivation of specific crops or plants not otherwise provided for
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G22/00—Cultivation of specific crops or plants not otherwise provided for
- A01G22/40—Fabaceae, e.g. beans or peas
Abstract
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of fast construction methods of the windproof phytobiocoenose in coastal waters wasteland, include the following steps：(1) sand ground is smooth；(2) layer that fixes the sand is set：In the ecological region planting herbaceous plant of bordering on the sea apart from 0 30m of seashore；(3) lower part wind prevention layer is set：In the ecological region planting herbaceous plant and shrub apart from 30 50m of seashore；(4) setting middle part wind prevention layer：In the ecological region planting herbaceous plant and arbor apart from 50 70m of seashore；(5) top wind prevention layer is set：In the ecological region planting horse-tail for being more than 70 90m apart from seashore.The windproof phytobiocoenose fast construction method in coastal waters wasteland for inventing offer is staggeredly planted by horizontal direction, and vertical direction Qiao's shrub combines, can be windproof, solid native, preferably resists the damage of extreme weather.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of colonization methods of vegetation, more particularly to a kind of the quick of windproof phytobiocoenose in coastal waters wasteland
Construction method.
Background technology
Coastal region soil salt content is high, while sea wind carries a large amount of sea salt and causes the withered of plant leaf blade, badly
Environmental condition add artificial destruction so that protophyte mortality and much can not much survive, coastal region occur
There are the weather problems of sand and dust thereupon in a large amount of wasteland.The saline and alkaline harm to plant is mainly manifested in following several respects：
Cause the physiological drought of plant, direct poisonous plant to influence closing and the normal nutritive proportion of plant of plant stomata, destroys and plant
Protein synthesis in object.There are many ripe reclamation of saline soil measures at present, include mainly physics, biology, chemistry and comprehensive
Close ameliorative measure.Physically improved measure is using the simple physical method improvement soil of easy to implement, condition and reduces its salt content,
To reach the growth requirement of plant.The currently used technology of the measure has soil moved in improve the original salt reduction, loosens the soil and ventilate and with water salt discharge etc..Change
Learn ameliorative measure reduces the basicity and salinity of soil by way of being applied in saline-alkali soil and spilling chemical improvement agent.Common chemistry changes
Good dose has calcium phosphate, chemically acid fertilizer, mineral fertilizer, organic fertilizer and green vitriol.Existing strand wasteland mostly with physical measure,
Chemical measures on soil carries out plant setting after being handled, but it is weak to environmental suitability compared with the original plant in strand, plants
Object is more easy to outburst pest and disease damage in saline-alkali environment, in addition, the management services such as plant invasions new caused by soil moved in improve the original, watering, fertilising
Cost is higher, while the soil fertility improved is not lasting.Biological modification measure improves soil using the vital movement of biology, takes into account
Local resources and cost-effective are fully excavated, are one of the measures of most economic benefit and ecological benefits.
Chinese patent 201010162134.5 discloses a kind of construction method of North China's phytobiocoenose, including following step
Suddenly：Selection grass fills, tall vegetable seeds；Some seeds are handled；Prepare seed mixture；Prepare base material mixture；It prepares total
In base material mixture；Spray seed base material mixture；Control draft height etc., the method can promote seed quickly, safety sprout, protect
Hinder artificial preparation structure and function-stable.It effectively shortens and manually prepares to preparation succession period naturally.
Chinese patent 201010292824.2 discloses a kind of Planting Design method of sand-binding plant community, is mainly used in
My fruit Eastern Inner Mongolia and Liaoning, Technique in Western Jilin Province are desertified serious area, using xylophyta caragana microphylla, perennial
Herbaceous plant wheatgrass, sand sagebrush (Artemisia filifolia), garcinia mangostana, annual herb plant sand rice, solve sand-fixation plant seed existing in the prior art
The larger problem of waste, combined using rational sand-fixation plant to reach preferable sand-fixing effect, with can be used for northern China
In the preparation Gu Po work of the plant on sand land and highway, railway in area.
Chinese patent 201610372136.4 discloses a kind of biological modification agent containing flyash and is carried out to beach saline land
The multiple green method of original soil, modifying agent include haydite, vermiculite, flyash, iron chloride, biphosphate calcium tablet, formic acid, amino-acid salt,
Ferment sheep manure, Pepper stalk powder, compound sodium nitrophenolate etc..
It is less for the report of the greening in coastal waters wasteland in the prior art, strand wasteland mostly use greatly physical chemistry means into
The ornamental plant that salt tolerant is planted after row improvement, using a large amount of Landscape Tree Species, adaptability is planted much worse than strand plant of one's native land
Object diversity is relatively low, can not form stable structure of community.Strand indigenous plant is the plant money for being most suitable for coastal region
Source builds species diversity using indigenous plant, updates easy, extensive management strand natural community.But strand plant at present
Wind-shielding function more focus on the application of megaphanerophyte, and ignore promotion of the composite plant structure of community to capability of anti-wind.Therefore it needs
It is abundant to construct a kind of species diversity, the significant phytobiocoenose of windproof solid-holding capacity.
Invention content
The present invention, by using strand indigenous plant, it is waste to provide a kind of coastal waters to solve the problems, such as the multiple green of coastal waters wasteland
The windproof phytobiocoenose fast construction method in ground, this method need not carry out engineering improvement soil, and pipe is foster at low cost, stablizes being formed
It need not manage after group foster, and Plant Diversity is abundant, and group stablizes, and windproof solid-holding capacity significantly improves.
The present invention provides a kind of fast construction method of the windproof phytobiocoenose in coastal waters wasteland, the specific steps are：
(1) sand ground is smooth：Planting site is flattened according to original place shape, then clears up the sundries such as deadwood, rubbish, and flat
The field of 18-22cm is arranged in the direction of the gradient in row, ensures rainy season draining, is planted after prepartion of land；
(2) layer that fixes the sand is set：In the ecological region planting herbaceous plant of bordering on the sea apart from seashore 0-30m；
(3) lower part wind prevention layer is set：In the ecological region planting herbaceous plant and shrub apart from seashore 30-50m；
(4) setting middle part wind prevention layer：In the ecological region planting herbaceous plant and arbor apart from seashore 50-70m；
(5) top wind prevention layer is set：In the ecological region planting horse-tail for being more than 70-90m apart from seashore.
Herbaceous plant in above-mentioned steps (2) can be one or more of thick boisiana, bay bean and shore cowpea；
Preferably, the herbaceous plant in above-mentioned steps (2) can be thick boisiana, bay bean and shore cowpea.
Shrub in above-mentioned steps (3) is one or more of Vitex rotundifolia, nickernut caesalpinia leaf, Xu Shu and Scaevola aemula；
Preferably, the shrub in above-mentioned steps (3) is Vitex rotundifolia, nickernut caesalpinia leaf, Xu Shu and Scaevola aemula.
Herbaceous plant in above-mentioned steps (3)-(4) is in Lao Shu Le, viticula bolt fruit chrysanthemum, not tally dichotomous fimbristylis herb and the rhizome of nutgrass flatsedge
It is one or more of；
Preferably, the herbaceous plant in above-mentioned steps (3)-(4) is Lao Shu Le, viticula bolt fruit chrysanthemum, not tally dichotomous fimbristylis herb and perfume (or spice)
Monkshood.
It is further preferred that the mature seed of Lao Shu Le, viticula bolt fruit chrysanthemum and the rhizome of nutgrass flatsedge are by kind in above-mentioned steps (3)-(4)
Seed number ratio is 1：2：1.
Arbor in above-mentioned steps (4) is aggag, Morinda, the yellow rose of Sharon, Indian beech and acacia confusa.
Herbal implantation methods are in above-mentioned steps (2)：Clip length is the herbal stem of 18cm-20cm
Section cuts from the 1cm of leaf scar lower end, and cuts the blade of lower part two, is placed in the rooting powder solution that solution concentration is 80mg/L
It impregnates, keeps at the liquid level to stem section lower end leaf scar of solution, after impregnating 2h, by the way of mixing cuttage, by processed stem
Section is directly inserted into the sand ground of smooth mistake, and the depth of cuttage is at the leaf scar of stem section lower end, and cuttage spacing is 2m, and water 2- daily
3 times, until taking root.
Herbal implantation methods are in above-mentioned steps (3)：Herbal mature seed is soaked in 30 DEG C of water
Bubble is pulled out after 12 hours, is pulled out to mix with coconut palm chaff afterwards and is sown on the sand ground sprinkled profoundly water, is covered with the straw of drenched water, at
Row is sowed and reserved walkway；
Thickness of sowing in above-mentioned steps (3) is 100-200 every square metre；
Preferably, the herbaceous plant of above-mentioned steps (3) be Lao Shu Le, viticula bolt fruit chrysanthemum and the rhizome of nutgrass flatsedge mature seed, always
It is 1 that the mature seed of mouse Le, viticula bolt fruit chrysanthemum and the rhizome of nutgrass flatsedge, which press seed grain number ratio,：2：1.
The implantation methods of shrub are in above-mentioned steps (3)：It is the stem section of the shrub plant of 18-20cm to take length, is placed in molten
It is impregnated 2 hours in the rooting powder solution of a concentration of 80mg/L of liquid, in then sand ground that its plug flat is entered to the moistening of smooth mistake, watering
Ground moistening is kept, and carries out sun-shading.
The planting patterns of shrub is in above-mentioned steps (3)：It is parallel to coastline, is upcountry planted successively from ocean：Dan Ye
Wild pepper, nickernut caesalpinia leaf, Xu Shu, Scaevola aemula, cuttage spacing are 0.5-1m.
The implantation methods of arbor in above-mentioned steps (4) are：First planting location is determined in sand ground, dig out 35cm ×
The kind plant hole of 35cm × 20cm, the soil for being mixed with coconut palm chaff and fertilizer for being then 3-5cm in hole bottom filling height, will be with soil ball
Arbor is put into kind of a plant hole, and herbal seed is mixed into coconut palm chaff, is sprinkled into arborous layer sowing, periodically waters, ensures soil moisture.
Thickness of sowing in above-mentioned steps (4) is 50-100 every square metre；
Preferably, the herbaceous plant of above-mentioned steps (4) be Lao Shu Le, viticula bolt fruit chrysanthemum and the rhizome of nutgrass flatsedge mature seed, always
It is 2 that the mature seed of mouse Le, viticula bolt fruit chrysanthemum and the rhizome of nutgrass flatsedge, which press seed grain number ratio,：1：1.
Arbor planting patterns in above-mentioned steps (4) is：Apart from lower part wind prevention layer 0-8m ecological region planting aggag and
Morinda, the equilateral triangle structure that plantation spacing is 1.5 × 1.5 × 1.5m；In the region kind apart from lower part wind prevention layer 8-20m
The yellow rose of Sharon, Indian beech and acacia confusa are planted, the spacing of plantation is the equilateral triangle structure of 2 × 2 × 2m, the plant per a line and phase
The plant of adjacent two rows is staggered, and staggeredly plants.
The implantation methods of horse-tail in above-mentioned steps (5) are：Soil moved in improve the original is added in plant pit bottom when plantation, after fertilizer is added
Cover original soil.
The planting patterns of horse-tail in above-mentioned steps (5) is：Apart from the region of middle part wind prevention layer 0-10m, horse-tail
Plantation spacing be 2.5 × 2.5 × 2.5m equilateral triangle structure；Apart from the region of middle part wind prevention layer 10-20m, wood fiber crops
Yellow plantation spacing is the equilateral triangle structure of 2 × 2 × 2m.
Beneficial effects of the present invention are：
(1) fast construction method of the windproof phytobiocoenose in coastal waters wasteland provided by the invention, middle herbaceous layer and shrub layer
It is main to play fixation, and tall filling layer and arborous layer mainly play windbreak function, construction method of the invention reduces traditional people
The cost of work revegetation compensates for the slow defect of revegetation under natural conditions, the windproof flora in coastal waters wasteland of structure
The group for foring horizontal and vertical direction is fallen as a result, improving the effect checked winds and fixed drifting sand, protection effect is higher than in the case of nature
90%, higher than single windbreak by 40%, Plant Diversity is higher than clear-cutting forestland situation by 30%.
(2) fast construction method of the windproof phytobiocoenose in coastal waters wasteland provided by the invention, using thick boisiana, bay bean, shore
Cowpea, viticula bolt fruit chrysanthemum, old mouse Le, Vitex rotundifolia, Scaevola aemula, Xu Shu, the yellow rose of Sharon, Morinda, aggag, Indian beech, Taiwan phase
Think and the wooden horse-tail carries out the structure of strand phytobiocoenose according to natural strand structure of community, group's Plant Diversity is rich
Richness, structure of community are stablized.
(3) the windproof phytobiocoenose fast construction method in coastal waters wasteland provided by the invention is staggeredly planted by horizontal direction,
Vertical direction Qiao's shrub combines, can be admittedly native, windproof, preferably resists the damage of extreme weather.
(4) the windproof phytobiocoenose fast construction method in coastal waters wasteland provided through the invention, phytobiocoenose form speed
Faster, by cuttage and transplanting, stable phytobiocoenose can be formed in two months.
Description of the drawings：
Fig. 1 is a kind of vertical section signal of windproof phytobiocoenose fast construction method embodiment in coastal waters wasteland of the present invention
Figure；
Fig. 2 is a kind of horizontal profile signal of windproof phytobiocoenose fast construction method embodiment in coastal waters wasteland of the present invention
Figure.
Specific implementation mode
A kind of fast construction method of 1 windproof phytobiocoenose in coastal waters wasteland of embodiment
(1) sand ground is smooth：Planting site is flattened according to original place shape, then clears up the sundries such as deadwood, rubbish, and flat
The field of 18cm is arranged in the direction of the gradient in row, ensures rainy season draining, is planted after prepartion of land；
(2) layer that fixes the sand is set：In the ecological region planting thick boisiana that borders on the sea apart from seashore 0-30m；
(3) lower part wind prevention layer is set：Apart from seashore 30-50m Lao Shu Le of ecological region planting, Vitex rotundifolia, nickernut caesalpinia leaf,
Xu Shu and Scaevola aemula；
(4) setting middle part wind prevention layer：Apart from seashore 50-70m ecological region planting viticula bolt fruit chrysanthemum, aggag, Morinda,
The yellow rose of Sharon, Indian beech and acacia confusa；
(5) top wind prevention layer is set：In the ecological region planting horse-tail for being more than 70-90m apart from seashore.
Herbal implantation methods are in above-mentioned steps (2)：Clip length is the herbal stem section of 18cm, from leaf
It is cut at the 1cm of trace lower end, and cuts the blade of lower part two, be placed in the rooting powder solution that solution concentration is 80mg/L and impregnate, protect
It holds at the liquid level to stem section lower end leaf scar of solution, after impregnating 2h, by the way of mixing cuttage, processed stem section is directly inserted
Enter into the sand ground of smooth mistake, the depth of cuttage is at the leaf scar of stem section lower end, and cuttage spacing is 2m, daily watering 2 times, until raw
Root.
Herbal implantation methods are in above-mentioned steps (3)：Herbal mature seed is soaked in 30 DEG C of water
Bubble is pulled out after 12 hours, is pulled out to mix with coconut palm chaff afterwards and is sown on the sand ground sprinkled profoundly water, is covered with the straw of drenched water, at
Row is sowed and reserved walkway.
The implantation methods of shrub are in above-mentioned steps (3)：It is the stem section of the shrub plant of 18cm to take length, and it is dense to be placed in solution
It is impregnated 2 hours in the rooting powder solution that degree is 80mg/L, in then sand ground that its plug flat is entered to the moistening of smooth mistake, watering is kept
Ground moistening, and carry out sun-shading；
Thickness of sowing in above-mentioned steps (3) is 100 every square metre.
The planting patterns of shrub is in above-mentioned steps (3)：It is parallel to coastline, is upcountry planted successively from ocean：Dan Ye
Wild pepper, nickernut caesalpinia leaf, Xu Shu, Scaevola aemula, cuttage spacing are 0.5m.
The implantation methods of arbor in above-mentioned steps (4) are：First planting location is determined in sand ground, dig out 35cm ×
The kind plant hole of 35cm × 20cm, the soil for being mixed with coconut palm chaff and fertilizer for being then 3cm in hole bottom filling height, by Qiao with soil ball
Wood is put into kind of a plant hole, and the seed of viticula bolt fruit chrysanthemum, the rhizome of nutgrass flatsedge, dichotomous fimbristylis herb is mixed into coconut palm chaff, is sprinkled into arborous layer, periodically waters, and protects
Demonstrate,prove soil moisture；
Thickness of sowing in above-mentioned steps (4) is 50 every square metre；
Arbor planting patterns in above-mentioned steps (4) is：Apart from lower part wind prevention layer 0-8m ecological region planting aggag and
Morinda, the equilateral triangle structure that plantation spacing is 1.5 × 1.5 × 1.5m；In the region kind apart from lower part wind prevention layer 8-20m
The yellow rose of Sharon, Indian beech and acacia confusa are planted, the spacing of plantation is the equilateral triangle structure of 2 × 2 × 2m, the plant per a line and phase
The plant of adjacent two rows is staggered, and staggeredly plants.
The implantation methods of horse-tail in above-mentioned steps (5) are：Soil moved in improve the original is added in plant pit bottom, original is covered after fertilizer is added
Soil.
The planting patterns of horse-tail in above-mentioned steps (5) is：Apart from the region of middle part wind prevention layer 0-10m, horse-tail
Plantation spacing be 2.5 × 2.5 × 2.5m equilateral triangle structure；Apart from the region of middle part wind prevention layer 10-20m, wood fiber crops
Yellow plantation spacing is the equilateral triangle structure of 2 × 2 × 2m.
A kind of fast construction method of 2 windproof phytobiocoenose in coastal waters wasteland of embodiment
(1) sand ground is smooth：Planting site is flattened according to original place shape, then clears up the sundries such as deadwood, rubbish, and flat
The field of 20cm is arranged in the direction of the gradient in row, ensures rainy season draining, is planted after prepartion of land；
(2) layer that fixes the sand is set：In border on the sea region kind bay bean and the shore cowpea apart from seashore 0-30m；
(3) lower part wind prevention layer is set：In the ecological region planting viticula bolt fruit chrysanthemum apart from seashore 30-50m, two qi dichotomous fimbristylis herbs, list
Leaf wild pepper, nickernut caesalpinia leaf, Xu Shu and Scaevola aemula；
(4) setting middle part wind prevention layer：Apart from seashore 50-70m ecological region planting viticula bolt fruit chrysanthemum, the rhizome of nutgrass flatsedge, aggag,
Morinda, the yellow rose of Sharon, Indian beech and acacia confusa；
(5) top wind prevention layer is set, in the ecological region planting horse-tail for being more than 70-90m apart from seashore.
Herbal implantation methods are in above-mentioned steps (2)：Clip length is the herbal stem section of 20cm, from leaf
It is cut at the 1cm of trace lower end, and cuts the blade of lower part two, be placed in the rooting powder solution that solution concentration is 80mg/L and impregnate, protect
It holds at the liquid level to stem section lower end leaf scar of solution, after impregnating 2h, by the way of mixing cuttage, processed stem section is directly inserted
Enter into the sand ground of smooth mistake, the depth of cuttage is at the leaf scar of stem section lower end, and cuttage spacing is 2m, daily watering 3 times, until raw
Root.
Herbal implantation methods are in above-mentioned steps (3)：Herbal mature seed is soaked in 30 DEG C of water
Bubble is pulled out after 12 hours, is pulled out to mix with coconut palm chaff afterwards and is sown on the sand ground sprinkled profoundly water, is covered with the straw of drenched water, at
Row is sowed and reserved walkway；
Thickness of sowing in above-mentioned steps (3) is 200 every square metre.
The implantation methods of shrub are in above-mentioned steps (3)：It is the herbal stem section of 20cm to take length, and it is dense to be placed in solution
It is impregnated 2 hours in the rooting powder solution that degree is 80mg/L, in then sand ground that its plug flat is entered to the moistening of smooth mistake, watering is kept
Ground moistening, and carry out sun-shading.
The planting patterns of shrub is in above-mentioned steps (3)：It is parallel to coastline, is upcountry planted successively from ocean：Dan Ye
Wild pepper, nickernut caesalpinia leaf, Xu Shu, Scaevola aemula, cuttage spacing are 1m.
The implantation methods of arbor in above-mentioned steps (4) are：First planting location is determined in sand ground, dig out 35cm ×
The kind plant hole of 35cm × 20cm, the soil for being mixed with coconut palm chaff and fertilizer for being then 5cm in hole bottom filling height, by Qiao with soil ball
Wood is put into kind of a plant hole, and herbal seed is mixed into coconut palm chaff, is sprinkled into arborous layer, periodically waters, and ensures soil moisture；
Thickness of sowing in above-mentioned steps (4) is 100 every square metre；
Arbor planting patterns in above-mentioned steps (4) is：Apart from lower part wind prevention layer 0-8m ecological region planting aggag and
Morinda, the equilateral triangle structure that plantation spacing is 1.5 × 1.5 × 1.5m；In the region kind apart from lower part wind prevention layer 8-20m
The yellow rose of Sharon, Indian beech and acacia confusa are planted, the spacing of plantation is the equilateral triangle structure of 2 × 2 × 2m, the plant per a line and phase
The plant of adjacent two rows is staggered, and staggeredly plants.
The implantation methods of horse-tail in above-mentioned steps (5) are：Soil moved in improve the original is added in plant pit bottom, original is covered after fertilizer is added
Soil.
The planting patterns of horse-tail in above-mentioned steps (5) is：Apart from the region of middle part wind prevention layer 0-10m, horse-tail
Plantation spacing be 2.5 × 2.5 × 2.5m equilateral triangle structure；Apart from the region of middle part wind prevention layer 10-20m, wood fiber crops
Yellow plantation spacing is the equilateral triangle structure of 2 × 2 × 2m.
A kind of fast construction method of 3 windproof phytobiocoenose in coastal waters wasteland of embodiment
(1) sand ground is smooth：Planting site is flattened according to original place shape, then clears up the sundries such as deadwood, rubbish, and flat
The field of 20cm is arranged in the direction of the gradient in row, ensures rainy season draining, is planted after prepartion of land；
(2) layer that fixes the sand is set：In border on the sea region kind thick boisiana and the shore cowpea apart from seashore 0-30m；
(3) lower part wind prevention layer is set：In the ecological region planting viticula bolt fruit chrysanthemum apart from seashore 30-50m, two qi dichotomous fimbristylis herbs, perfume (or spice)
Monkshood, Vitex rotundifolia, nickernut caesalpinia leaf, Xu Shu and Scaevola aemula；
(4) setting middle part wind prevention layer：Apart from seashore 50-70m Lao Shu Le of ecological region planting, viticula bolt fruit chrysanthemum, the rhizome of nutgrass flatsedge,
Aggag, Morinda, the yellow rose of Sharon, Indian beech and acacia confusa；
(5) top wind prevention layer is set, in the ecological region planting horse-tail for being more than 70-90m apart from seashore.
Herbal implantation methods are in above-mentioned steps (2)：Clip length is the herbal stem section of 19cm, from leaf
It is cut at the 1cm of trace lower end, and cuts the blade of lower part two, be placed in the rooting powder solution that solution concentration is 80mg/L and impregnate, protect
It holds at the liquid level to stem section lower end leaf scar of solution, after impregnating 2h, by the way of mixing cuttage, processed stem section is directly inserted
Enter into the sand ground of smooth mistake, the depth of cuttage is at the leaf scar of stem section lower end, and cuttage spacing is 2m, daily watering 3 times, until raw
Root.
Herbal implantation methods are in above-mentioned steps (3)：Herbal mature seed is soaked in 30 DEG C of water
Bubble is pulled out after 12 hours, is pulled out to mix with coconut palm chaff afterwards and is sown on the sand ground sprinkled profoundly water, is covered with the straw of drenched water, at
Row is sowed and reserved walkway；
Thickness of sowing in above-mentioned steps (3) is 120 every square metre.
The implantation methods of shrub are in above-mentioned steps (3)：It is the herbal stem section of 19cm to take length, and it is dense to be placed in solution
It is impregnated 2 hours in the rooting powder solution that degree is 80mg/L, in then sand ground that its plug flat is entered to the moistening of smooth mistake, watering is kept
Ground moistening, and carry out sun-shading.
The planting patterns of shrub is in above-mentioned steps (3)：It is parallel to coastline, is upcountry planted successively from ocean：Dan Ye
Wild pepper, nickernut caesalpinia leaf, Xu Shu, Scaevola aemula, cuttage spacing are 0.6m.
The implantation methods of arbor in above-mentioned steps (4) are：First planting location is determined in sand ground, dig out 35cm ×
The kind plant hole of 35cm × 20cm, the soil for being mixed with coconut palm chaff and fertilizer for being then 3.5cm in hole bottom filling height, will be with soil ball
Arbor is put into kind of a plant hole, and herbal seed is mixed into coconut palm chaff, is sprinkled into arborous layer, periodically waters, and ensures soil moisture.
Thickness of sowing in above-mentioned steps (4) is 60 every square metre；
The herbaceous plant of above-mentioned steps (4) is Lao Shu Le, the mature seed of viticula bolt fruit chrysanthemum and the rhizome of nutgrass flatsedge, Lao Shu Le, climing
It is 2 that the mature seed of stem bolt fruit chrysanthemum and the rhizome of nutgrass flatsedge, which presses seed grain number ratio,：1：1.
Arbor planting patterns in above-mentioned steps (4) is：Apart from lower part wind prevention layer 0-8m ecological region planting aggag and
Morinda, the equilateral triangle structure that plantation spacing is 1.5 × 1.5 × 1.5m；In the region kind apart from lower part wind prevention layer 8-20m
The yellow rose of Sharon, Indian beech and acacia confusa are planted, the spacing of plantation is the equilateral triangle structure of 2 × 2 × 2m, the plant per a line and phase
The plant of adjacent two rows is staggered, and staggeredly plants.
The implantation methods of horse-tail in above-mentioned steps (5) are：Soil moved in improve the original is added in plant pit bottom, original is covered after fertilizer is added
Soil.
The planting patterns of horse-tail in above-mentioned steps (5) is：Apart from the region of middle part wind prevention layer 0-10m, horse-tail
Plantation spacing be 2.5 × 2.5 × 2.5m equilateral triangle structure；Apart from the region of middle part wind prevention layer 10-20m, wood fiber crops
Yellow plantation spacing is the equilateral triangle structure of 2 × 2 × 2m.
A kind of fast construction method of 4 windproof phytobiocoenose in coastal waters wasteland of embodiment
(1) sand ground is smooth：Planting site is flattened according to original place shape, then clears up the sundries such as deadwood, rubbish, and flat
The field of 20cm is arranged in the direction of the gradient in row, ensures rainy season draining, is planted after prepartion of land；
(2) layer that fixes the sand is set：In border on the sea region kind thick boisiana, bay bean and the shore cowpea apart from seashore 0-30m；
(3) lower part wind prevention layer is set：Apart from seashore 30-50m Lao Shu Le of ecological region planting, viticula bolt fruit chrysanthemum, not tally float
Stroke grass, the rhizome of nutgrass flatsedge, Vitex rotundifolia, nickernut caesalpinia leaf, Xu Shu and Scaevola aemula；
(4) setting middle part wind prevention layer：Apart from seashore 50-70m Lao Shu Le of ecological region planting, viticula bolt fruit chrysanthemum, not tally float
Stroke grass, the rhizome of nutgrass flatsedge, aggag, Morinda, the yellow rose of Sharon, Indian beech and acacia confusa.；
(5) top wind prevention layer is set, in the ecological region planting horse-tail for being more than 70-90m apart from seashore.
Herbal implantation methods are in above-mentioned steps (2)：Clip length is the herbal stem section of 20cm, from leaf
It is cut at the 1cm of trace lower end, and cuts the blade of lower part two, be placed in the rooting powder solution that solution concentration is 80mg/L and impregnate, protect
It holds at the liquid level to stem section lower end leaf scar of solution, after impregnating 2h, by the way of mixing cuttage, processed stem section is directly inserted
Enter into the sand ground of smooth mistake, the depth of cuttage is at the leaf scar of stem section lower end, and cuttage spacing is 2m, daily watering 3 times, until raw
Root.
Herbal implantation methods are in above-mentioned steps (3)：By ripe kind of Lao Shu Le, viticula bolt fruit chrysanthemum and the rhizome of nutgrass flatsedge
Son is pulled out after being impregnated 12 hours in 30 DEG C of water, is pulled out to mix with coconut palm chaff afterwards and is sown on the sand ground sprinkled profoundly water, with drenched water
Straw covered, embark on journey and sow and reserved walkway
The implantation methods of shrub are in above-mentioned steps (3)：It is the herbal stem section of 20cm to take length, and it is dense to be placed in solution
It is impregnated 2 hours in the rooting powder solution that degree is 80mg/L, in then sand ground that its plug flat is entered to the moistening of smooth mistake, watering is kept
Ground moistening, and carry out sun-shading；
Thickness of sowing in above-mentioned steps (3) is 150 every square metre.
The herbaceous plant of above-mentioned steps (3) is Lao Shu Le, the mature seed of viticula bolt fruit chrysanthemum and the rhizome of nutgrass flatsedge, Lao Shu Le, climing
It is 1 that the mature seed of stem bolt fruit chrysanthemum and the rhizome of nutgrass flatsedge, which presses seed grain number ratio,：2：1.
The planting patterns of shrub is in above-mentioned steps (3)：It is parallel to coastline, is upcountry planted successively from ocean：Dan Ye
Wild pepper, nickernut caesalpinia leaf, Xu Shu, Scaevola aemula, cuttage spacing are 0.8m.
The implantation methods of arbor in above-mentioned steps (4) are：First planting location is determined in sand ground, dig out 35cm ×
The kind plant hole of 35cm × 20cm, the soil for being mixed with coconut palm chaff and fertilizer for being then 4cm in hole bottom filling height, by Qiao with soil ball
Wood is put into kind of a plant hole, and herbal seed is mixed into coconut palm chaff, is sprinkled into arborous layer, periodically waters, and ensures soil moisture；
Thickness of sowing in above-mentioned steps (4) is 80 every square metre；
Arbor planting patterns in above-mentioned steps (4) is：Apart from lower part wind prevention layer 0-8m ecological region planting aggag and
Morinda, the equilateral triangle structure that plantation spacing is 1.5 × 1.5 × 1.5m；In the region kind apart from lower part wind prevention layer 8-20m
The yellow rose of Sharon, Indian beech and acacia confusa are planted, the spacing of plantation is the equilateral triangle structure of 2 × 2 × 2m, the plant per a line and phase
The plant of adjacent two rows is staggered, and staggeredly plants.
The implantation methods of horse-tail in above-mentioned steps (5) are：Soil moved in improve the original is added in plant pit bottom, original is covered after fertilizer is added
Soil.
The planting patterns of horse-tail in above-mentioned steps (5) is：Apart from the region of middle part wind prevention layer 0-10m, horse-tail
Plantation spacing be 2.5 × 2.5 × 2.5m equilateral triangle structure；Apart from the region of middle part wind prevention layer 10-20m, wood fiber crops
Yellow plantation spacing is the equilateral triangle structure of 2 × 2 × 2m.
Comparative example 1 is the structure without phytobiocoenose in natural conditions.
For 2 basic skills of comparative example with embodiment 1, the difference with embodiment 1 is that plantation shrub only has single leaf climing in step (3)
Chaste tree；The arbor planted in step (4) only has acacia confusa.
Comparative example 3 is only planting horse-tail, the equilateral triangle knot that plantation spacing is 2 × 2 × 2m at seashore 0-90m
Structure.
Protection effect is tested
For the wind-proof performance of the windproof phytobiocoenose in coastal waters wasteland of research and establishment, wind speed is carried out to the phytobiocoenose of structure
Test, the instrument that wind speed test uses is HTSW-18 multichannel wind direction and wind velocity detecting systems, and laboratory apparatus is in data acquisition intervals
It is set as 1min, each continuous observation 60min, the laying of calculation of wind speed observation point, apart from seashore 0m, 30m, 50m, 70m,
At 90m, perpendicular to ground, every 0m, 0.5m, 1m, 3m, 5m are arranged observation point at 8m, 30 observation points are arranged altogether, each to survey
It puts and obtains continuous 30 groups of air speed values, mean wind speed value (m/s) at calculating, using the phytobiocoenose of embodiment 1-4 structures as sight
Object is surveyed, the wind speed of obtained phytobiocoenose is respectively such as table 1, table 2, table 3, shown in table 4：
Table 1
Table 2
Table 3
Table 4
The wind speed in comparative example 1-4 is measured after the same method, by itself and embodiment 1-4 provided by the invention
Comparison, the ratio protection effect of the windproof phytobiocoenose in coastal waters wasteland provided by the invention than in the case of nature high by 90% (comparative example 1),
(comparative example 3) higher than single windbreak by 40%.
Gu native measure of merit
Mark post is laid in each phytobiocoenose, its soil is measured and buries situation, to the sand-fixation tree of more each phytobiocoenose.
Every measuring staff diameter is about 1cm, long 80cm, is marked at away from lower end 30cm, apart from seashore 0m, 30m, 50m, 70m,
Mark post is set at 90m, inserted link label is carried out when not carrying out phytobiocoenose, measurement markers and ground when building phytobiocoenose 1 year
The distance in face exposes earth's surface when measuring staff marks, is denoted as negative value, when label is embedded in underground, is denoted as positive value, implemented according to the present invention
The phytobiocoenose construction method that example 1-4 and comparative example 1-3 are provided, label are as shown in table 5 at a distance from ground：
Table 5
| Apart from seashore distance (cm) | 0 | 30 | 50 | 70 | 90 |
| Embodiment 1 | -0.33 | -0.31 | 0.22 | 0.31 | 0.30 |
| Embodiment 2 | -0.26 | -0.24 | 0.23 | 0.26 | 0.21 |
| Embodiment 3 | -0.24 | -0.20 | 0.15 | 0.24 | 0.20 |
| Embodiment 4 | -0.18 | -0.17 | 0.11 | 0.21 | 0.16 |
| Comparative example 1 | -6.21 | -5.15 | 4.19 | 5.67 | 5.21 |
| Comparative example 2 | -3.96 | -3.12 | 3.01 | 3.69 | 3.23 |
| Comparative example 3 | -4.98 | -4.69 | 4.21 | 4.31 | 4.57 |
Above-mentioned experimental result can illustrate, what the construction method of the phytobiocoenose of embodiment 1-4 provided by the invention was formed
The group of plant consolidates soil nature energy good (- 0.33-0.31cm), and the construction method of the phytobiocoenose provided in comparative example 1-3 is formed
The solid soil nature of phytobiocoenose can poor (- 3.12-3.01cm).In addition, the object of phytobiocoenose construction method provided by the invention
Species diversity is higher by 60% than traditional vegetation construction pattern, and higher than clear-cutting forestland situation 30%.
Only as described above, only the preferred embodiments of the invention, when the model that cannot limit implementation of the invention with this
It encloses, i.e., generally according to simple equivalent changes and modifications made by the content recorded in the claims in the present invention and description of the invention,
All it is still covered by the claims of the invention.It is searched in addition, abstract part and title are intended merely to auxiliary patent document
It seeks and being used, not be used for limiting the interest field of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of construction method of the windproof phytobiocoenose in coastal waters wasteland：It is characterized by comprising the following steps：
(1) sand ground is smooth：Planting site is flattened according to original place shape, then clears up the sundries such as deadwood, rubbish, and be parallel to
The field of the direction setting 18-22cm of the gradient, ensures rainy season draining, is planted after prepartion of land；
(2) layer that fixes the sand is set：In the ecological region planting herbaceous plant of bordering on the sea apart from seashore 0-30m；
(3) lower part wind prevention layer is set：In the ecological region planting herbaceous plant and shrub apart from seashore 30-50m；
(4) setting middle part wind prevention layer：In the ecological region planting herbaceous plant and arbor apart from seashore 50-70m；
(5) top wind prevention layer is set：In the ecological region planting horse-tail for being more than 70-90m apart from seashore.
2. the construction method of the windproof phytobiocoenose in coastal waters wasteland according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：The step
(2) herbaceous plant in can be one or more of thick boisiana, bay bean and shore cowpea.
3. the windproof phytobiocoenose construction method in coastal waters wasteland according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：The step (3)
In shrub be one or more of Vitex rotundifolia, nickernut caesalpinia leaf, Xu Shu and Scaevola aemula.
4. the construction method of the windproof phytobiocoenose in coastal waters wasteland according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：The step
(4) arbor in is aggag, Morinda, the yellow rose of Sharon, Indian beech and acacia confusa.
5. the construction method of the windproof phytobiocoenose in coastal waters wasteland according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：The step
(3) herbaceous plant in-(4) is one or more of Lao Shu Le, viticula bolt fruit chrysanthemum, not tally dichotomous fimbristylis herb and rhizome of nutgrass flatsedge.
6. the construction method of the windproof phytobiocoenose in coastal waters wasteland according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：The step
(2) herbal implantation methods are in：Clip length is the herbal stem section of 18cm-20cm, from the 1cm of leaf scar lower end
It cuts, and cuts the blade of lower part two, be placed in the rooting powder solution that solution concentration is 80mg/L and impregnate, keep the liquid level of solution
To the leaf scar of stem section lower end, after impregnating 2h, by the way of mixing cuttage, processed stem section is directly inserted into smooth mistake
In sand ground, the depth of cuttage is at the leaf scar of stem section lower end, and cuttage spacing is 2m, daily watering 2-3 times, until taking root.
7. the construction method of the windproof phytobiocoenose in coastal waters wasteland according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：The step
(3) herbal implantation methods are in：It pulls out, drags for after herbal mature seed is impregnated 12 hours in 30 DEG C of water
Go out to mix with coconut palm chaff afterwards and be sown on the sand ground sprinkled profoundly water, covered with the straw of drenched water, embarks on journey to sow and reserve and pass through
Road.
8. the construction method of the windproof phytobiocoenose in coastal waters wasteland according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：The step
(3) implantation methods of shrub are in：It is the stem section of the shrub plant of 18-20cm to take length, and it is 80mg/L's to be placed in solution concentration
It being impregnated 2 hours in rooting powder solution, in then sand ground that its plug flat is entered to the moistening of smooth mistake, watering keeps ground moistening, and
Carry out sun-shading；The planting patterns of shrub is in the step (3)：It is parallel to coastline, is upcountry planted successively from ocean：
Vitex rotundifolia, nickernut caesalpinia leaf, Xu Shu, Scaevola aemula, cuttage spacing are 0.5-1m.
9. the construction method of the windproof phytobiocoenose in coastal waters wasteland according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：The step
(4) implantation methods of the arbor in are：Planting location is first determined in sand ground, digs out the plantation of 35cm × 35cm × 20cm
Cave, the soil for being mixed with coconut palm chaff and fertilizer for being then 3-5cm in hole bottom filling height, kind of a plant hole is put by the arbor with soil ball,
Herbal seed is mixed into coconut palm chaff, arborous layer sowing is sprinkled into, periodically waters, ensure soil moisture；In the step (4)
Arbor planting patterns is：Apart from lower part wind prevention layer 0-8m ecological region planting aggag and Morinda, plantation spacing be 1.5 ×
The equilateral triangle structure of 1.5 × 1.5m；In the ecological region planting Huang rose of Sharon, Indian beech and the Taiwan phase apart from lower part wind prevention layer 8-20m
Think, the spacing of plantation is the equilateral triangle structure of 2 × 2 × 2m, is staggered per the plant of a line and the plant of adjacent rows, staggeredly
Plantation.
10. the construction method of the windproof phytobiocoenose in coastal waters wasteland according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：The step
(5) implantation methods of the horse-tail in are：Soil moved in improve the original is added in plant pit bottom when plantation, original soil is covered after fertilizer is added；The step
Suddenly the planting patterns of the horse-tail in (5) is：It is 2.5 in the plantation spacing apart from the region of middle part wind prevention layer 0-10m, horse-tail
The equilateral triangle structure of × 2.5 × 2.5m；It is 2 in the plantation spacing apart from the region of middle part wind prevention layer 10-20m, horse-tail
The equilateral triangle structure of × 2 × 2m.
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