CN108452053A - 一种治疗荨麻疹的药物及其制备方法 - Google Patents

一种治疗荨麻疹的药物及其制备方法 Download PDF

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CN108452053A
CN108452053A CN201810411841.XA CN201810411841A CN108452053A CN 108452053 A CN108452053 A CN 108452053A CN 201810411841 A CN201810411841 A CN 201810411841A CN 108452053 A CN108452053 A CN 108452053A
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蒋勇
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Abstract

本发明公开了一种治疗荨麻疹的药物及其制备方法,其是由防风、荆芥、连翘、麻黄、薄荷、川芎、当归、白芍、白术、栀子、大黄、芒消、石膏、黄芩、桔梗、甘草、滑石按一定重量配比制备而成,本发明药物具有发表,祛风,理血,胜湿,止痛,发汗,平喘,利水的功能,用于治疗荨麻疹见效快、疗效好,不复发。

Description

一种治疗荨麻疹的药物及其制备方法
技术领域
本发明涉及一种治疗荨麻疹的药物及其制备方法,属中药领域。
背景技术
荨麻疹俗称风疹块。是由于皮肤、黏膜小血管扩张及渗透性增加而出现的一种局限性水肿反应,通常在2~24小时内消退,但反复发生新的皮疹,病程迁延数日至数月。由于西药治疗副作用大,因此人们对有效治疗荨麻疹的中药药物存在极大的需求,至今为止,还没有发现关于本发明的有关报道。
发明内容
本发明人依据中医理论的研究和临床试验的反复验证,终于找到了有效治疗荨麻疹的药物,从而完成了本发明。
本发明的目的就是提供一种有效治疗荨麻疹的中药组合药物。
本发明的另一目的就是提供了该中药组合药物的制备方法。
本发明药物是选择防风、荆芥、连翘、麻黄、薄荷、川芎、当归、白芍、白术、栀子、大黄、芒消、石膏、黄芩、桔梗、甘草、滑石进行组合制备的,将这些药物组合使得各药物功效产生协同作用,从而能够有效治疗荨麻疹。其中选用防风是因为其性味辛甘,温,入膀胱、肺、脾经,有发表,祛风,胜湿,止痛的功能,治外感风寒,头痛,目眩,项强,风寒湿痹,骨节酸痛,四肢挛急,破伤风。选用荆芥是因为其性味辛,温,入肺、肝经,有发表,祛风,理血的功能,炒炭止血,治感冒发热,头痛,咽喉肿痛,中风口噤,吐血,衄血,便血,崩漏,产后血晕,痈肿,疮疥,瘰疬。选用连翘是因为其性味苦,凉,入心、肝、胆经,有清热,解毒,散结,消肿的功能,治温热,丹毒,斑疹,痈疡肿毒,瘰疬,小便淋闭。选用麻黄是因为其性味辛苦,温,入肺、膀胱经,有发汗,平喘,利水的功能,治伤寒表实,发热恶寒无汗、头痛鼻塞、骨节疼痛,咳嗽气喘,风水浮肿,小便不利,风邪顽痹,皮肤不仁,风疹瘙痒。选用薄荷是因为其性味辛,凉,入肺、肝经,有疏风,散热,辟秽,解毒的功能,治外感风热,头痛,目赤,咽喉肿痛,食滞气胀,口疮,牙痛,疮疥,瘾疹。选用川芎是因为其性味辛,温,入肝、胆经,有行气开郁,祛风燥湿,活血止痛的功能,治风冷头痛旋晕,胁痛腹疼,寒痹筋挛,经闭,难产,产后瘀阻块痛,痈疽疮疡。选用当归是因为其性味甘辛,温,入心、肝、脾经,有补血和血,调经止痛,润燥滑肠的功能,治月经不调,经闭腹痛,癥瘕结聚,崩漏,血虚头痛,眩晕,痿痹,肠燥难便,赤痢后重,痈疽疮疡,金疮,跌扑损伤。选用白芍是因为其性味苦酸,凉,入肝、脾经,有养血柔肝,缓中止痛,敛阴收汗的功能,治胸腹胁肋疼痛,泻痢腹痛,自汗盗汗,阴虚发热,月经不调,崩漏,带下。选用白术是因为其性味苦甘,温,入脾、胃经,有补脾,益胃,燥湿,和中的功能,治脾胃气弱,不思饮食,倦怠少气,虚胀,泄泻,痰饮,水肿,黄疸,湿痹,小便不利,头晕,自汗,胎气不安。选用栀子是因为其性味苦,寒,入心、肝、肺、胃经,有清热,泻火,凉血的功能,治热病虚烦不眠,黄疸,淋病,消渴,目赤,咽痛,吐血,衄血,血痢,尿血,热毒疮疡,扭伤肿痛。选用大黄是因为其性味苦、寒,入胃、大肠、肝径,有泻热毒,破积滞,行瘀血的功能,治实热便秘,谵语发狂,食积痞满,痢疾初起,里急后重,瘀停经闭,癥瘕积聚,时行热疫,暴眼赤痛,吐血,衄血,阳黄,水肿,淋浊,溲赤,痈疡肿毒,疔疮,汤火伤。选用芒消是因为其性味辛苦咸,寒,入胃、大肠经,有泻热,润燥,软坚的功能,治实热积滞,腹胀便秘,停痰积聚,目赤障翳,丹毒,痈肿。选用石膏是因为其性味辛甘,寒,入肺、胃经,生用有解肌清热,除烦止渴的功能,治热病壮热不退,心烦神昏,谵语发狂,口渴咽干,肺热喘急,中暑自汗,胃火头痛、牙痛,热毒壅盛,发斑发疹,口舌生疮,煅敷生肌敛疮,外治痈疽疮疡,溃不收回,汤火烫伤。选用黄芩是因为其性味苦寒,入心肺、胆、大肠经,有泻实火,除湿热,止血安胎的功能,治壮热烦渴,肺热咳嗽。选用桔梗是因为其性味苦辛,平,入肺、胃经,有开宣肺气,祛痰排脓的功能,治外感咳嗽,咽喉肿痛,肺痈吐脓,胸满胁痛,痢疾腹痛。选用甘草是因为其性味甘平,入脾、胃、肺经,有和中缓急,润肺,解毒,调和诸药的功能,炙用治脾胃虚弱,食少,腹痛便溏,劳倦发热,肺痿咳嗽,心悸,惊痈,生用治咽喉肿痛,消化性溃疡,痈疽疮疡,解药毒及食物中毒。选用滑石是因为其性味甘、淡,寒,归膀胱、肺、胃经,有利尿通淋,清热解毒,祛湿解暑的功能,治热淋、石淋,尿热涩痛,暑湿烦渴,湿热水泻,外治湿疹,湿疮,痱子。
具体实施方式
本发明组分的药物用量也是发明人经过大量摸索总结得出的,各组分的用量在下述重量范围内都具有较好的疗效:
防风145-155克,荆芥145-155克,连翘145-155克,麻黄55-65克,薄荷95-105克,川芎115-125克,当归145-155克,白芍145-155克,白术115-125克,栀子145-155克,大黄95-105克,芒消55-65克,石膏295-305克,黄芩145-155克,桔梗95-105克,甘草95-105克,滑石145-155克。
优选为:
防风150克,荆芥150克,连翘150克,麻黄60克,薄荷100克,川芎120克,当归150克,白芍150克,白术120克,栀子150克,大黄100克,芒消60克,石膏300克,黄芩150克,桔梗100克,甘草100克,滑石150克。
本发明药物的制备方法如下
一、备料
1、防风:除去残茎,用水浸泡,捞出,润透切片,晒干;
2、荆芥:拣净杂质,用水略泡,捞出切段,晒干;
3、连翘:拣净杂质,搓开,除去枝梗;
4、麻黄:拣去杂质,去尽木质茎及残根,用水洗净,微润后切段,干燥即得;
5、薄荷:拣净杂质,除去残根,先将叶抖下另放,然后将茎喷洒清水,润透后切段,晒干,再与叶和匀;
6、川芎:拣去杂质,分开大、小个,用水浸泡,晒晾,闷润后切片,干燥;
7、当归:拣去杂质,洗净,闷润,稍晾,切片晒干;
8、白芍:拣去杂质,分开大小个,用水浸泡至八成透,捞出,晒晾,润至内外湿度均匀,切片,干燥;
9、白术:拣净杂质,用水浸泡,泡后捞出,润透,切片,晒干;
10、栀子:筛去灰屑,拣去杂质,碾碎过筛或剪去两端;
11、大黄:取切成小块的生大黄,用黄酒拌匀,放蒸笼内蒸制,或置罐内密封,坐水锅中,隔水蒸爱,取出晒干,大黄块100斤,用黄酒40斤;
12、芒消:取天然产的芒消,经煮炼、过滤、冷却后,取上层的结晶为芒消;
13、生石膏:去净杂石,洗净泥土,打碎成小块;
14、黄芩:拣去杂质,除去残茎,用凉水浸润或置开水中稍浸捞出,切片,晒干;
15、桔梗:拣净杂质,除去芦头,洗净捞出,润透后切片,晒干;
16、甘草:拣去杂质,洗净,用水浸泡至八成透时,捞出,润透,切片,晾干;
17、滑石:取原药材,除去杂质,洗净,干燥。
二、制备
1、将所述重量的防风、荆芥、连翘、麻黄、薄荷、川芎、当归、白芍、白术、栀子、大黄、芒消、石膏、黄芩、桔梗、甘草、滑石放入容器内,研磨成粉末,炼蜜为丸,每丸1克;
2、将制成的药丸放入容器内备用。
组方中荆芥有发表,祛风,理血的功能为君药;防风有发表,祛风,胜湿,止痛的功能;麻黄有发汗,平喘,利水的功能,二者为臣药,三味药共同发挥发表,祛风,理血,胜湿,止痛,发汗,平喘,利水的作用,治疗荨麻疹效力全面,且以发表,理血,胜湿,止痛,利水为主可治本,大黄有泻热毒,破积滞,行瘀血的功能为佐药,甘草有和中缓急,润肺,解毒,调和诸药的功能为使药,与下余诸药是治标。
本发明药物具有发表,祛风,理血,胜湿,止痛,发汗,平喘,利水的功能,用于治疗荨麻疹,疗程短、见效快、治愈后不复发。
以下通过试验例来进一步阐述本发明所述药物的有益效果,这些试验例包括本发明药物的动物毒性试验报告和临床疗效观察资料。
[试验例1]本发明药物的动物毒性试验报告:
取家兔30只,雌雄兼用,体重2.0—2.5kg,分两组,每组15只,其中一组为超剂量试验组,另一组为正常量试验组。超常量组为每次每只0.5克,正常量为每次每只0.2克,给药方式为灌胃法给药,每天两次,连服7天,每天观察给药反应,结果表明二组家兔活动、饮食正常,药物无不良毒副作用。
[试验例2]本发明药物的临床疗效观察
1、一般资料
收治荨麻疹门诊患者共31例。
2、诊断标准
典型症状为皮肤出现风团。常先有皮肤瘙痒,随即出现风团,呈鲜红色或苍白色、皮肤色,少数患者有水肿性红斑。风团的大小和形态不一,发作时间不定。风团逐渐蔓延,融合成片,由于真皮乳头水肿,可见表皮毛囊口向下凹陷。风团持续数分钟至数小时,少数可延长至数天后消退,不留痕迹。皮疹反复成批发生,以傍晚发作者多见。风团常泛发,亦可局限。有时合并血管性水肿,偶尔风团表面形成大疱。部分患者可伴有恶心、呕吐、头痛、头胀、腹痛、腹泻,严重患者还可有胸闷、不适、面色苍白、心率加速、脉搏细弱、血压下降、呼吸短促等全身症状。
3、治疗方法
选用上述药剂,给患者服用,每次服用1剂,每次服用5丸,每天早、晚各服1次,7天为一个疗程,连续服用3个疗程。
4、疗效评定标准
显效:荨麻疹症状消失,体质恢复正常,痊愈;
好转:荨麻疹症状明显好转,体质逐步恢复;
无效:达不到好转标准者。
5、治疗结果(见下表)
在上述治疗中,用本发明药物治疗荨麻疹患者31例,结果显效25例,显效率为80.6%,好转4例,好转率为12.9%,无效2例,总有效率为93.5%。

Claims (3)

1.一种治疗荨麻疹的药物,其特征在于:它是由下列重量范围内的原料药制成:
防风145-155克,荆芥145-155克,连翘145-155克,麻黄55-65克,薄荷95-105克,川芎115-125克,当归145-155克,白芍145-155克,白术115-125克,栀子145-155克,大黄95-105克,芒消55-65克,石膏295-305克,黄芩145-155克,桔梗95-105克,甘草95-105克,滑石145-155克。
2.根据权利要求1所述的药物,其中各原料药的用量为:
防风150克,荆芥150克,连翘150克,麻黄60克,薄荷100克,川芎120克,当归150克,白芍150克,白术120克,栀子150克,大黄100克,芒消60克,石膏300克,黄芩150克,桔梗100克,甘草100克,滑石150克。
3.根据权利要求1或2所述药物的制备方法,它包括下列步骤:
(一)备料
(1)防风:除去残茎,用水浸泡,捞出,润透切片,晒干;
(2)荆芥:拣净杂质,用水略泡,捞出切段,晒干;
(3)连翘:拣净杂质,搓开,除去枝梗;
(4)麻黄:拣去杂质,去尽木质茎及残根,用水洗净,微润后切段,干燥即得;
(5)薄荷:拣净杂质,除去残根,先将叶抖下另放,然后将茎喷洒清水,润透后切段,晒干,再与叶和匀;
(6)川芎:拣去杂质,分开大、小个,用水浸泡,晒晾,闷润后切片,干燥;
(7)当归:拣去杂质,洗净,闷润,稍晾,切片晒干;
(8)白芍:拣去杂质,分开大小个,用水浸泡至八成透,捞出,晒晾,润至内外湿度均匀,切片,干燥;
(9)白术:拣净杂质,用水浸泡,泡后捞出,润透,切片,晒干;
(10)栀子:筛去灰屑,拣去杂质,碾碎过筛或剪去两端;
(11)大黄:取切成小块的生大黄,用黄酒拌匀,放蒸笼内蒸制,或置罐内密封,坐水锅中,隔水蒸爱,取出晒干,大黄块100斤,用黄酒40斤;
(12)芒消:取天然产的芒消,经煮炼、过滤、冷却后,取上层的结晶为芒消;
(13)生石膏:去净杂石,洗净泥土,打碎成小块;
(14)黄芩:拣去杂质,除去残茎,用凉水浸润或置开水中稍浸捞出,切片,晒干;
(15)桔梗:拣净杂质,除去芦头,洗净捞出,润透后切片,晒干;
(16)甘草:拣去杂质,洗净,用水浸泡至八成透时,捞出,润透,切片,晾干;
(17)滑石:取原药材,除去杂质,洗净,干燥;
(二)制备
(1)将所述重量的防风、荆芥、连翘、麻黄、薄荷、川芎、当归、白芍、白术、栀子、大黄、芒消、石膏、黄芩、桔梗、甘草、滑石放入容器内,研磨成粉末,炼蜜为丸,每丸1克;
(2)将制成的药丸放入容器内备用。
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