CN108434294B - 一种痔痛安制剂的制作方法 - Google Patents
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种痔痛安制剂的制作方法,所述痔痛安制剂主要由苦参、山银花、薯莨、土大黄、枳壳、槐花、野山椒、羟苯乙酯和苯甲酸制成。本发明根据痔痛安制剂组方中各药物的性质,以及该药物在组方中所起的作用,对痔痛安制剂的具体制作工艺及参数进行了改进,使得苦参的有效成分苦参碱容易测出,且测出的苦参碱量高,使得本药物更加精炼,药效更加显著,临床疗效好。
Description
技术领域
本发明属于中药领域,具体涉及一种痔痛安制剂的制作方法。
背景技术
中药提取是中药制药中常用的一种方法,中药化学成份极其复杂,需从复杂的混合物中提取对人体有效的中药活性成分。以提高药效。
痔痛安制剂主要由苦参、山银花、薯莨、土大黄、枳壳、槐花、野山椒、羟苯乙酯和苯甲酸制成;具有清热燥湿,凉血止血,消肿止痛的功效,用于湿热蕴结所致的外痔肿痛,肛周瘙痒等症。
现有技术中,痔痛安制剂是这样制作的:以上七味药材,加水煎煮三次,第一次2h,第二次3h,第三次1h,合并煎液,滤过,滤液静置6h,滤取上清液并浓缩至相对密度不低于1.14(℃)的清膏,加入羟苯乙酯和苯甲酸,混匀,煮沸30min,加水至规定量,即得。但是发明人在研究过程中发现,采用现有提取工艺制成痔痛安制剂中,药物中的有效成分不易测出,尤其是苦参中的有效成分苦参碱不易测出,使得痔痛安制剂的临床疗效还不够理想。
发明内容
本发明提供了一种痔痛安制剂的制作方法。本发明根据痔痛安制剂组方中各药物的性质,以及该药物在组方中所起的作用,对痔痛安制剂的具体制作工艺及参数进行了改进,使得苦参的有效成分苦参碱容易测出,且测出的苦参碱量高,使得本药物更加精炼,药效更加显著,临床疗效好。
为了实现上述目的,本发明提供如下技术方案:一种痔痛安制剂的制作方法,所述痔痛安制剂按重量份计算,主要由苦参600-700份、山银花300-400份、薯莨280-380份、土大黄230-270份、枳壳230-270份、槐花230-270份、野山椒70-90份、羟苯乙酯0.1-0.2份和苯甲酸0.5-1.5份制成;所述痔痛安制剂的制作方法为:苦参用浸泡液浸泡后,洗净,与盐混匀后,炒15-25min后,加入6-8倍量水,微波提取后,过滤,得水提液和滤渣,滤渣加入8-12倍量75-85%的乙醇溶液回流提取2-3次,每次1.5-2.5h,过滤,合并滤液,回收乙醇,得醇提取液,水提液和醇提液合并,浓缩至20-25℃时相对密度为1.12-1.14的清膏,得苦参清膏,备用;其余药材,加水煎煮三次,第一次2h,第二次3h,第三次1h,合并煎液,滤过,滤液静置6h,滤取上清液并浓缩至20-25℃时相对密度不低于1.12-1.14的清膏,清膏与苦参清膏混匀,加入羟苯乙酯和苯甲酸,混匀,煮沸30min,加入辅料或不加辅料制成药物制剂。
前述的痔痛安制剂的制作方法中,所述痔痛安制剂按重量份计算,主要由苦参640份、山银花360份、薯莨330份、土大黄250份、枳壳250份、槐花250份、野山椒80份、羟苯乙酯0.3份和苯甲酸1份制成。
前述的痔痛安制剂的制作方法中,所述的浸泡液由按重量份计算的糯米20-30份、高粱10-20份、麸皮10-15份和酵母1-3份制成。
前述的痔痛安制剂的制作方法中,所述的浸泡液由按重量份计算的糯米25份、高粱15份、麸皮13份和酵母2份制成。
前述的痔痛安制剂的制作方法中,所述浸泡液按下述步骤进行制备:
①糯米、高粱和麸皮分别在1.2-1.4kg/cm2的压力下蒸40-50分钟后,混匀,得A品,备用;
②酵母加入5-6倍量浓度为1.5-2.5%的糖水中,35-38℃下放置25-35min,得B品;
③A品加入B品中,30-35℃密封发酵10-15天,得C品;
④C品打成浆,即得。
前述的痔痛安制剂的制作方法中,所述痔痛安制剂的制作方法为:苦参用浸泡液浸泡后,洗净,与盐混匀后,炒20min后,加入7倍量水,微波提取后,过滤,得水提液和滤渣,滤渣加入10倍量80%的乙醇溶液回流提取3次,每次2h,过滤,合并滤液,回收乙醇,得醇提取液,水提液和醇提液合并,浓缩至20-25℃时相对密度为1.12-1.14的清膏,得苦参清膏,备用;其余药材,加水煎煮三次,第一次2h,第二次3h,第三次1h,合并煎液,滤过,滤液静置6h,滤取上清液并浓缩至20-25℃时相对密度不低于1.12-1.14的清膏,清膏与苦参清膏混匀,加入羟苯乙酯和苯甲酸,混匀,煮沸30min,加入辅料或不加辅料制成药物制剂。
前述的痔痛安制剂的制作方法中,所述药物制剂为外用制剂。
前述的痔痛安制剂的制作方法中,所述外用制剂为搽剂、软膏剂、贴剂或凝胶剂。
前述的痔痛安制剂的制作方法中,所述搽剂这样制备:苦参用浸泡液浸泡后,洗净,与盐混匀后,炒20min后,加入7倍量水,微波提取后,过滤,得水提液和滤渣,滤渣加入10倍量80%的乙醇溶液回流提取3次,每次2h,过滤,合并滤液,回收乙醇,得醇提取液,水提液和醇提液合并,浓缩至20-25℃时相对密度为1.12-1.14的清膏,得苦参清膏,备用;其余药材,加水煎煮三次,第一次2h,第二次3h,第三次1h,合并煎液,滤过,滤液静置6h,滤取上清液并浓缩至20-25℃时相对密度不低于1.12-1.14的清膏,清膏与苦参清膏混匀,加入羟苯乙酯和苯甲酸,混匀,煮沸30min,加水至1000体积份,即得。
本发明主要由苦参、山银花、薯莨、土大黄、枳壳、槐花、野山椒、羟苯乙酯和苯甲酸制成;具有清热燥湿,凉血止血,消肿止痛的功效,用于湿热蕴结所致的外痔肿痛,肛周瘙痒等症。现有痔痛安制剂的制作方法方法为:以上七味药材,加水煎煮三次,第一次2h,第二次3h,第三次1h,合并煎液,滤过,滤液静置6h,滤取上清液并浓缩至相对密度不低于1.14(℃)的清膏,加入羟苯乙酯和苯甲酸,混匀,煮沸30min,加水至规定量,即得。但是发明人在研究过程中发现,采用这种方法制成的痔痛安制剂中,药物中的有效分不易测出。使得痔痛安制剂的临床疗效还不够理想。发明人在工艺研究中还发现,采用本发明方法将苦参进行单独提取后,再与其他药材提取物混合,制成药物制剂,这样制成的痔痛安制剂中,药物中的有效成分容易测出,且测出的药物中的有效成分含量高。这就使得使得本药物更加精炼,药效更加显著,临床疗效好。因此该工艺促进了药物中的有效成分的溶出率,特别是苦参中苦参碱的溶出率,苦参碱是苦参的重要的活性成分,具有很强的药理活性,苦参碱的溶出率提高后,可有效提高痔痛安制剂的药效。
本发明进行了大量的实验研究,以下为本发明实验研究的结果:
实验例1:苦参碱含量考察
1试药
1.1本发明痔痛安胶囊,按实施例1的方法进行制作。
1.2现有痔痛安胶囊:按下述工艺进行制作:
处方:苦参640g、山银花360g、薯莨330g、土大黄250g、枳壳250g、槐花250g、野山椒80g、羟苯乙酯0.3g和苯甲酸1g。
工艺:以上七味药材,加水煎煮三次,第一次2h,第二次3h,第三次1h,合并煎液,滤过,滤液静置6h,滤取上清液并浓缩至相对密度不低于1.14(℃)的清膏,加入羟苯乙酯和苯甲酸,混匀,煮沸30min,加水至1000mL,即得。
2含量测定
照高效液相色谱法(中国药典2010版第一部附录VI D)测定。
色谱条件与系统适用性试验:用十八烷基硅烷键合硅胶为填充剂:甲醇-水-三乙胺(48:52:0.05)为流动相;检测波长为220nm。理论板数按苦参碱峰计算应不低于4000。
对照品溶液的制备:紧密称取苦参碱对照品适量,加流动相制成每1mL含0.1mg的溶液,即得。
供试品溶液1的制备:精密量取现有痔痛安搽剂5mL,置50mL量瓶中,加水至刻度,摇匀,滤过,精密量取续滤液5mL,置分液漏斗中,加浓氨十液1mL,用乙醚提取4次(30mL、20mL、20mL、20mL),合并乙醚液,蒸干,残渣用流动相适量使溶解,并转移至10mL量瓶中,用流动相稀释至刻度,摇匀,滤过,取续滤液,即得供试品溶液1。
供试品溶液2的制备:精密量取本发明痔痛安搽剂5mL,置50mL量瓶中,加水至刻度,摇匀,滤过,精密量取续滤液5mL,置分液漏斗中,加浓氨十液1mL,用乙醚提取4次(30mL、20mL、20mL、20mL),合并乙醚液,蒸干,残渣用流动相适量使溶解,并转移至10mL量瓶中,用流动相稀释至刻度,摇匀,滤过,取续滤液,即得供试品溶液2。
样品含量测定:分别取本发明痔痛安搽剂和现有痔痛安搽剂,平行分成7份,按照上述方法制备供试品溶液1和供试品溶液2,在分别精密吸取10μl,注入高效液相色谱仪,分别计算样品中苦参碱含量。结果见表1。
表1苦参碱的含量测定结果
从表1可知,本发明痔痛安搽剂中苦参碱的平均含量为3.1mg/mL,现有痔痛安丸中苦参碱的平均含量为2.0mg/mL。
结论:与现有痔痛安搽剂相比,本发明痔痛安搽剂苦参有效成分苦参碱的含量更高。同理,按照本发明提取方法制成的其他剂型的制剂,苦参碱含量也应增加。
实验例2:药效考察
1药物
1.1本发明痔痛安搽剂,同实施例1。
1.2现有痔痛安搽剂,同实验例1。
2对大鼠皮肤毛细血管通透性的影响
SD大鼠30只(雌雄各半,体重180—240g),随机分为2组,现有制剂组、本发明制剂组,剪去背部毛,分别涂药,即本发明组涂本发明痔痛安搽剂,现有制剂组涂现有痔痛安搽剂,涂药量2ml/只,0.5h后重复一次,1h后背部脱毛区皮内注射组胺0.05ml/只,同时静脉注射0.5%生理盐水0.5ml/100g体重,30min后处死动物,取下蓝斑皮肤,剪碎后用7:3丙酮生理盐水8ml浸泡48h,离心取上清液,在721型分光光度计(610nm)测定光密度。结果见表2。
表2对大鼠皮肤毛细血管通透性的影响
注:与现有制剂组比较,*P<0.05。
由表2可知,本发明痔痛安制剂和现有痔痛安均可据抗组胺引起大鼠皮肤毛细血管通透性增加,且本发明组优于现有制剂组。
3镇痛作用
昆明种小鼠30只,雌雄各半,体重20~22g,随机分为3组,现有制剂组、本发明组、空白对照组。小鼠腹部剪毛,各组分别按剂量将受试物涂抹于小鼠腹部脱毛区0.2ml/只,即本发明组涂本发明痔痛安搽剂,现有制剂组涂现有痔痛安搽剂,空白对照组涂抹0.7%冰醋酸(0.1ml/10g),记录15min内每只小鼠的扭体反应次数,结果见表3.
表3对醋酸致小鼠扭体反应的影响
注:与空白组比较,*P<0.05,**P<0.01;与现有在制剂组比较,#P<0.05.
由表可知,本发明痔痛安制剂和现有痔痛安均具有镇痛作用,且本发明组优于现有制剂组。
4止血作用
昆明种小鼠30只,雌雄各半,体重20~22g,随机分为3组,现有制剂组、本发明组、空白对照组。用利剪在距小鼠尾1.5cm处剪断,待有血液自行流出时,用受试药浸泡该处30s,即本发明组用本发明痔痛安搽剂加水稀释至浓度为10g/ml的溶液再进行浸泡,现有制剂组用现有痔痛安搽剂加水稀释至浓度为10g/ml的溶液再进行浸泡,然后每隔30s用滤纸去血液一次,直至血液自然停止(滤纸吸无血)为止,所历时间为小鼠断尾出血时间。结果见表4。
表4对对小鼠断尾出血时间的影响
注:与空白组比较,*P<0.05,**P<0.01;与现有在制剂组比较,#P<0.05.
由表可知,本发明痔痛安制剂和现有痔痛安均能缩短小鼠断尾出血时间,均具有止血作用,且本发明组优于现有制剂组。
与现有技术相比,本发明所述方法制作的痔痛安制剂中,药物中的有效成分苦参碱容易测出,且测出的苦参碱含量高。可以有效的提高痔痛安制剂的药效。
具体实施方式:
实施例1:
配方:苦参640g、山银花360g、薯莨330g、土大黄250g、枳壳250g、槐花250g、野山椒80g、羟苯乙酯0.3g和苯甲酸1g。
工艺:苦参用浸泡液浸泡后,洗净,与盐混匀后,炒20min后,加入7倍量水,微波提取后,过滤,得水提液和滤渣,滤渣加入10倍量80%的乙醇溶液回流提取3次,每次2h,过滤,合并滤液,回收乙醇,得醇提取液,水提液和醇提液合并,浓缩至20-25℃时相对密度为1.12-1.14的清膏,得苦参清膏,备用;其余药材,加水煎煮三次,第一次2h,第二次3h,第三次1h,合并煎液,滤过,滤液静置6h,滤取上清液并浓缩至20-25℃时相对密度不低于1.12-1.14的清膏,清膏与苦参清膏混匀,加入羟苯乙酯和苯甲酸,混匀,煮沸30min,加水至1000ml,即得搽剂。
所述的浸泡液由糯米25g、高粱15g、麸皮13g和酵母2g按下述步骤进行制备:
①糯米、高粱和麸皮分别在1.2-1.4kg/cm2的压力下蒸40-50分钟后,混匀,得A品,备用;
②酵母加入6倍量浓度为2.0%的糖水中,35-38℃下放置30min,得B品;
③A品加入B品中,30-35℃密封发酵12天,得C品;
④C品打成浆,即得浸泡液。
用法用量:外用,先用温开水清洗患处,再以药棉蘸取本品擦患处,每日早晚各一次,每晚临睡前以本品8ml加入800ml开水中搅匀后,趁热先熏肛门,待水温降至能坐浴时,再坐浴15min。内痔患者可用注管将药液注入肛门,躺卧10min,每日1-2次,连用2-3日。
规格:25ml/瓶;50ml/瓶;100ml/瓶。
注意:孕妇禁用;使用前应充分振摇。
Claims (8)
1.一种痔痛安制剂的制作方法,其特征在于:所述痔痛安制剂按重量份计算,主要由苦参600-700份、山银花300-400份、薯莨280-380份、土大黄230-270份、枳壳230-270份、槐花230-270份、野山椒70-90份、羟苯乙酯0.1-0.2份和苯甲酸0.5-1.5份制成;所述痔痛安制剂的制作方法为:苦参用浸泡液浸泡后,洗净,与盐混匀后,炒15-25min后,加入6-8倍量水,微波提取后,过滤,得水提液和滤渣,滤渣加入8-12倍量75-85%的乙醇溶液回流提取2-3次,每次1.5-2.5h,过滤,合并滤液,回收乙醇,得醇提取液,水提液和醇提液合并,浓缩至20-25℃时相对密度为1.12-1.14的清膏,得苦参清膏,备用;其余药材,加水煎煮三次,第一次2h,第二次3h,第三次1h,合并煎液,滤过,滤液静置6h,滤取上清液并浓缩至20-25℃时相对密度不低于1.12-1.14的清膏,清膏与苦参清膏混匀,加入羟苯乙酯和苯甲酸,混匀,煮沸30min,加入辅料或不加辅料制成药物制剂;所述的浸泡液由按重量份计算的糯米20-30份、高粱10-20份、麸皮10-15份和酵母1-3份制成。
2.如权利要求1所述的痔痛安制剂的制作方法,其特征在于:所述痔痛安制剂按重量份计算,主要由苦参640份、山银花360份、薯莨330份、土大黄250份、枳壳250份、槐花250份、野山椒80份、羟苯乙酯0.3份和苯甲酸1份制成。
3.如权利要求1所述的痔痛安制剂的制作方法,其特征在于:所述的浸泡液由按重量份计算的糯米25份、高粱15份、麸皮13份和酵母2份制成。
4.如权利要求1或3所述的痔痛安制剂的制作方法,其特征在于:所述浸泡液按下述步骤进行制备:①糯米、高粱和麸皮分别在1.2-1.4kg/cm2的压力下蒸40-50分钟后,混匀,得A品,备用;②酵母加入5-6倍量浓度为1.5-2.5%的糖水中,35-38℃下放置25-35min,得B品;③A品加入B品中,30-35℃密封发酵10-15天,得C品;④C品打成浆,即得。
5.如权利要求1所述的痔痛安制剂的制作方法,其特征在于:所述痔痛安制剂的制作方法为:苦参用浸泡液浸泡后,洗净,与盐混匀后,炒20min后,加入7倍量水,微波提取后,过滤,得水提液和滤渣,滤渣加入10倍量80%的乙醇溶液回流提取3次,每次2h,过滤,合并滤液,回收乙醇,得醇提取液,水提液和醇提液合并,浓缩至20-25℃时相对密度为1.12-1.14的清膏,得苦参清膏,备用;其余药材,加水煎煮三次,第一次2h,第二次3h,第三次1h,合并煎液,滤过,滤液静置6h,滤取上清液并浓缩至20-25℃时相对密度不低于1.12-1.14的清膏,清膏与苦参清膏混匀,加入羟苯乙酯和苯甲酸,混匀,煮沸30min,加入辅料或不加辅料制成药物制剂。
6.如权利要求1或5所述的痔痛安制剂的制作方法,其特征在于:所述药物制剂为外用制剂。
7.如权利要求6所述的痔痛安制剂的制作方法,其特征在于:所述外用制剂为搽剂、软膏剂、贴剂或凝胶剂。
8.如权利要求7所述的痔痛安制剂的制作方法,其特征在于:所述搽剂这样制备:苦参用浸泡液浸泡后,洗净,与盐混匀后,炒20min后,加入7倍量水,微波提取后,过滤,得水提液和滤渣,滤渣加入10倍量80%的乙醇溶液回流提取3次,每次2h,过滤,合并滤液,回收乙醇,得醇提取液,水提液和醇提液合并,浓缩至20-25℃时相对密度为1.12-1.14的清膏,得苦参清膏,备用;其余药材,加水煎煮三次,第一次2h,第二次3h,第三次1h,合并煎液,滤过,滤液静置6h,滤取上清液并浓缩至20-25℃时相对密度不低于1.12-1.14的清膏,清膏与苦参清膏混匀,加入羟苯乙酯和苯甲酸,混匀,煮沸30min,加水至1000体积份,即得。
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