CN108414849A - Intelligent substation automatization test system and method - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention is intended to provide intelligent substation hand-held relay-protection tester and automatization test system, to simplify test configurations, improve testing efficiency to solve the problems in prior art.Including：Test template module, test case setting module, control module, test result generation module.Following advantageous effects can be obtained by implementing the present invention：Intelligent substation automatization test system can automatically be tested according to tested protective relaying device, simplify test configurations, improve efficiency, reduce the technology requirement of user of service.

Description

Intelligent substation automation test system and method

technical field

The invention relates to the field of intelligent substations, based on an automatic test system and method for intelligent substations.

Background technique

Since the State Grid Corporation of China put forward the smart grid development and construction plan in 2009, the company has built more than 840 smart substations of 110kV and above. In order to meet the development of the power grid and ensure the reliability of equipment operation, some smart substations that have been put into operation are facing the need for expansion or renovation. At the same time, conventional substations also have the problem of intelligent transformation. Compared with the traditional substation, the secondary system of the smart substation adopts new technologies and new equipment such as information modeling, network communication and merging unit. The traditional cable connection physical signal is transformed into a network communication link signal, which realizes data sharing to a certain extent. Effectively simplify the structure of the whole station and improve the level of intelligence. The network information flow of the process layer of the smart substation not only carries the grid operation status data such as sampling and switch status, but also carries the control commands such as tripping and blocking between secondary equipment.

The safe and stable operation of smart substations will inevitably require the upgrading of practitioners' professional knowledge and skills. Provincial electric power research institutes, economic research institutes, power transmission and transformation companies, skill training centers, electric power schools and other units directly under the provincial electric power companies are respectively responsible for technical supervision, test and inspection, planning and design, engineering construction, personnel training and other services at the provincial level The responsibility of the power grid has accumulated rich experience and cultivated an excellent talent team in the traditional substation-related business field, but it still needs to be improved in the smart substation-related business field. The main problems are manifested in the following aspects:

1. Unfamiliar with the concept of technical knowledge system, architecture and virtual terminal connection of smart substation;

2. The troubleshooting process for intelligent protection devices is not clear, and there is also a lack of general standards and specifications;

3. The significance of communication network tools such as on-site network analyzers and switches for the analysis of substation operation status is insufficient;

4. Insufficient familiarity with smart substation test instruments, including hand-held network analyzers, hand-held relay protection testers, etc., which also increases the complexity of on-site debugging;

5. Insufficient experience in the analysis of abnormal conditions, alarm conditions, and action problems in smart substations, especially in some sporadic actions, lack of sufficient experience accumulation.

Taking the above problems as the starting point, this project conducts research on the smart substation handheld relay protection tester and automated test system, simplifies the test configuration, improves the test automation process and efficiency, and has important practical significance for improving the safety and stability of power grid operation.

Contents of the invention

The invention aims to provide a smart substation hand-held relay protection tester and an automatic test system to solve the problems in the prior art solutions, simplify the test configuration and improve the test efficiency.

In order to achieve the stated purpose, the intelligent substation automation test system is used to connect with the relay protection tester and the relay protection device under test, including:

The test template module is used to store relay protection test cases;

The test case setting module obtains the protection setting value of the relay protection device under test, and sets the relay protection test case based on the protection setting value;

The control module is used to drive the relay protection tester to output test voltage and test current according to the set relay protection test cases;

The test result generation module is used to read the action message of the relay protection device under test, and generate the test result based on the action message.

Preferably, the test template module is used to set a plurality of relay protection test cases for different types of relay protection devices under test; the setting of relay protection test cases based on protection settings includes: obtaining the relay protection under test The model of the electric protection device is selected, and the relay protection test case corresponding to the relay protection model is selected according to the relay protector model, and the selected relay protection test case is set according to the protection setting value.

Preferably, the test parameters of the relay protection test case are associated with the protection setting value, and the setting of the relay protection test case based on the protection setting value includes: obtaining the test parameter associated with it according to the protection setting value, and generating the setting according to the test Test cases for relay protection.

Preferably, different faults are set in the test case, corresponding SMV messages and GOOSE messages are generated according to the set faults, and the SMV messages and GOOSE messages are sent to the relay protection device under test.

Preferably, the system establishes a communication connection with the relay protection device under test through the MMS interface and obtains the protection setting value.

Preferably, the generation of the test result based on the action message includes: based on the action message, obtaining the action of the relay protection device under test, the action includes adjustment, reclosing or post-acceleration action; judging whether the action error meets the set requirements, and whether the action time is within the set range, and whether the action logic is correct. If the action error meets the set requirements and the action time is within the set range and the action logic is correct, then it is judged that the relay protection device under test is normal, otherwise it is judged The relay protection device under test is abnormal.

Preferably, the test case setting module obtains the ICD file of the relay protection device under test, and obtains the protection setting value of the relay protection device under test based on the ICD file.

In another aspect of the present invention, the intelligent substation automatic testing method includes:

Set the relay protection test case, the test parameters of the relay protection test case are associated with the protection setting;

Obtain the protection setting value of the relay protection device under test, obtain the test parameters based on the protection setting value and set the relay protection test case based on the test parameters;

Drive the relay protection tester to output test voltage and test current according to the set relay protection test cases;

Read the action message of the relay protection device under test, and generate test results based on the action message.

Preferably, a plurality of relay protection test cases are provided for different types of relay protection devices under test; the test parameters are obtained based on the protection fixed value, and the test parameters are obtained based on the protection fixed value and set based on the test parameter The relay protection test cases include: obtain the model of the relay protection device under test, select the relay protection test case corresponding to the relay protection model according to the relay protector model, obtain the test parameters based on the protection setting, and set the selected Test cases for relay protection.

Preferably, different faults are set in the test case, corresponding SMV messages and GOOSE messages are generated according to the set faults, and the SMV messages and GOOSE messages are sent to the relay protection device under test.

The following beneficial technical effects can be obtained by implementing the present invention: the intelligent substation automatic test system and method can automatically test according to the relay protection device under test, simplify test configuration, improve efficiency, and reduce technical requirements for users.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is the system connection diagram among the embodiment 1;

Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of a hash table;

Fig. 3 is the method flowchart of embodiment 2.

Detailed ways

In order to facilitate the understanding of those skilled in the art, the present invention will be further described below in conjunction with specific embodiments:

Example 1:

The present invention provides an intelligent substation automatic test system, which is used to connect with a relay protection tester and a relay protection device under test, as shown in Figure 1, including:

Test template module 1, used to store relay protection test cases;

The test case setting module 2 obtains the protection setting value of the relay protection device under test, and sets the relay protection test case based on the protection setting value;

The control module 3 is used to drive the relay protection tester to output the test voltage and test current according to the set relay protection test cases;

The test result generation module 4 is used to read the action message of the relay protection device under test, and generate the test result based on the action message.

The relay protection test case needs to set parameters, and the present invention automatically sets the relay protection test case according to the protection fixed value of the relay protection device under test; It simplifies configuration complexity, improves efficiency, and reduces technical requirements for users.

In one embodiment: the test template module is used to set a plurality of relay protection test cases for different types of relay protection devices under test; the relay protection test case setting based on the protection setting includes: Obtain the model of the relay protection device under test, select the relay protection test case corresponding to the relay protection model according to the relay protection device model, and set the selected relay protection test case according to the protection setting value. This makes the system suitable for setting relay protection equipment of different models.

In one embodiment: the test parameters of the relay protection test case are associated with the protection setting value, and the setting of the relay protection test case based on the protection setting value includes: obtaining the test parameter associated with it according to the protection setting value, according to Test generation sets up relay protection test cases. It can be known that by setting the test parameters of the relay protection test cases as parameters associated with the protection fixed value, the test parameters of the relay protection test case can be automatically adjusted according to the protection fixed value, thereby increasing its trial range and improving practicability. It can be known that there are many ways of association, such as difference association, ratio association, table association, etc., which are not limited in this application.

In one embodiment, the generating the test result based on the action message includes: based on the action message, acquiring the action of the relay protection device under test, the action includes adjustment, reclosing or post-acceleration action; judging the action error Whether the setting requirements are met, whether the action time is within the setting range, and whether the action logic is correct. If the action error meets the setting requirements and the action time is within the setting range and the action logic is correct, then judge the relay protection device under test Normal, otherwise it is judged that the relay protection device under test is abnormal. It can be known that the tested relay protection device is abnormal, and relevant abnormal information can be displayed.

In one embodiment: the test case setting module obtains the ICD file of the relay protection device under test, and obtains the protection setting value of the relay protection device under test based on the ICD file.

In one embodiment: the test case is set with different faults, generates corresponding SMV messages and GOOSE messages according to the set faults, and sends the SMV messages and GOOSE messages to the relay protection under test device. The test platform establishes a communication connection with the relay protection device under test through the MMS interface and obtains the protection setting value. It can be known that the MMS interface is based on the MMS protocol of the IEC61850 standard, and those skilled in the art should know that the GOOSE message and the SMV message are based on two messages of the IEC61850 standard. In order to facilitate the connection, the following is an appropriate explanation of the IEC61850 standard and other related content:

IEC 61850 standard system:

The IEC61850 standard has been widely used in smart substations, and its standard system and application specifications have been gradually refined. The IEC 61850 standard unifies the information model inside the substation and standardizes the communication interfaces of all equipment in the substation. The standard defines that the substation monitoring automation system is composed of a three-layer network architecture of station control layer, interval layer, and process layer, and proposes technologies such as SCL information model and description, abstract communication service interface (ACSI), and specific communication service mapping (SCSM). The interoperability between devices and the scalability of the whole station function are realized.

The IEC61850 standard organizes and constructs the functional data of smart devices and systems in a tree structure in the form of logical devices, logical nodes, data objects, and data attributes according to the object-oriented unified modeling idea, forming various SCL models.

IEC 61850 defines the ICD file structure for the device IED, and the standard includes formats such as channel information, logical devices, logical nodes, data objects, and data attributes.

In IEC 61850-6, SCL uses the XMLSchema document type to define the SCL document structure. In the standard, SCL.xsd is used as the main file, and other 7 Schema files are referenced and included to verify the correctness of the IED configuration file format and data information. effectiveness.

IEC61850 adopts standardized communication service interface technology in order to realize interoperability between devices. In the station control layer network, IEC 61850/MMS standardized communication services are adopted to realize access to equipment and subsystems such as measurement and control, protection, PMU, fault recorder, and primary equipment status monitoring. In the station control layer or process layer network, the IEC61850/GOOSE standardized communication service is used for the rapid transmission of real-time messages between devices, and realizes network tripping and interlocking between devices. In the process layer network, the sampling value transmission communication service standardized by IEC 61850-9-2 is adopted to realize the network transmission of the sampling measurement value.

Sampling value transmission standard system:

The digital transmission mode of electrical sampling greatly increases the information capacity of the substation, and simplifies the information sharing and interoperability between equipment in the substation. At present, the sampling value transmission modes in the implementation of smart substation projects mainly include IEC60044-8FT3 point-to-point transmission, IEC61850-9-2 point-to-point transmission and IEC61850-9-2 network transmission, etc. IEC60044-8FT3 adopts serial data transmission. The IEC61850-9-2 protocol is a specific communication service mapping for the communication and transmission of sampled values between the process layer and the interval layer defined by the sampled value data model specified in IEC61850-7-2 and related ACSI services, and supports changes to data sets and Direct access to data objects; the frame format can be defined flexibly, and supports unicast mode, and the support for the ASCI model is more complete. IEC61850-9-2 includes point-to-point transmission mode and network transmission mode. The point-to-point mode is suitable for single intervals or occasions that do not require high data synchronization, and the networking mode is suitable for data transmission applications with more intervals.

Manufacturing message specification MMS:

One of the notable technical features of IEC6150 is the use of manufacturing message specification MMS. The purpose of MMS is to standardize the communication behavior of smart sensors, smart electronic devices, and smart control devices with communication capabilities in the industrial field. The equipment access to the network provides convenience, and it is easy to realize information exchange and resource sharing. As long as the equipment conforms to the MMS standard and can realize the same function, the equipment can be replaced. The communication between the substation layer and the bay layer uses the abstract communication service interface ACSI to map to MMS.

SCD file analysis:

SCD files are described in the XML file format. The mainstream parsing technologies for XML files include DOM (Document Object Model, Document Object Model) parsing method and SAX (Simple API for XML, simple API model of XML) parsing method. These two interface specifications have their own emphases, their strengths and weaknesses, and are widely used. The DOM method is to convert the entire XML document into a DOM tree and store it in memory. The application program can access any part of the data in the XML document at any time. Therefore, when the document is relatively large or the structure is relatively complex, the memory requirements are relatively large. high. SAX is a line-by-line scanning document that can be parsed while scanning. It has fast access speed and high efficiency, but it does not support random access. Considering that the size of the SCD file will not be too large in this article, the method of DOM plus XPath (XML Path Language) technology is used for parsing. XPath is a path language based on the object model DOM. You can use XPath to quickly and easily find a specific node, or find all nodes that match a certain condition. Effective use of XPath technology can skip complex recursive operations and improve the operating efficiency of the program.

The protection setting value of the relay protection device under test can be obtained by analyzing the SCD file;

SCD content analysis program flow:

In the first step, the SCD file is loaded to form a DOM tree, and the elements are filled, and the PCDATA and CDATA blocks are expanded. At the same time, obtain key elements and attributes through XPath technology, such as obtaining the IED list through XPath xpath_node_set IED_list=doc.select_nodes("/SCL/IED"), and then traverse the xpaht_node_set container to extract the name, type and other parameters of each IED;

The second step is to establish a hash table of the data template for later data search, which greatly improves the search speed.

The third step is to obtain the communication parameters of the control block. xpath_node_set ConnectedAP_list＝doc.select_nodes("/SCL/Communication/SubNetwork/ConnectedAP"); Get all GSE, SMV MAC-Address, VLAN-ID, APPID communication parameters;

The fourth step is to find the corresponding data set, corresponding channel description and channel leaf node in the IED node according to the communication parameters of GSE and SMV;

The fifth step is to obtain GOOSE and SMV subscriptions. Enter the Inputs node to obtain the virtual terminal subscribed by the device;

The sixth step is to search for the association relationship of the device according to the relationship of subscription and publication.

The key to improving the parsing speed: the fourth step will involve a lot of repeated searches, which is also the most time-consuming part of the program. In order to improve the parsing speed, we will use the hash algorithm here, which is also what this article can quickly parse The key. Hash, generally translated as "hash", there are also direct transliterations into "hash", which is to convert an input of any length (also called pre-mapping, pre-image) into a fixed-length output through a hash algorithm. The output is the hash value. This conversion is a compression mapping, that is, the space of the hash value is usually much smaller than the space of the input, different inputs may be hashed into the same output, and it is impossible to uniquely determine the input value from the hash value. Simply put, it is a function to compress a message of any length into a fixed-length message digest. Hash is mainly used for encryption algorithms and fast search in the field of information security. It converts some information of different lengths into messy 128-bit codes. These coded values are called HASH values. It can also be said that Hash is to find a data content and data Store the mapping relationship between addresses. There are many ways to implement the hash algorithm. In this paper, the Fibonacci hash method is used to implement the hash algorithm. Its basic principle is shown in Figure 2.

The left side is obviously an array. Each member of the array includes a pointer to the head of a linked list. Of course, this linked list may be empty or have many elements. We assign elements to different linked lists according to some characteristics of the elements, and also find the correct linked list based on these characteristics, and then find the element from the linked list.

In the second step of this article, three hash tables are established, respectively for the LNodeType node under (/SCL/DataTypeTemplates) and its id field to establish a hash table, the DOType node and its id field to establish a hash table, and the DAType node Create a hash table with its id field so that when we search through the FCDA node, we can find the required data very quickly.

Performance test: Under the Intel(R) Core(TM) i5-4210U@1.70GHz1.8GHz processor, the SCD file parsing speed test results in this way are as follows: 40M SCD file parsing speed is 1 second, 70M SCD file parsing speed is 1 second, 70M SCD The file parsing speed is 2 seconds, and the 175M SCD file is 4 seconds. When the file is large, the speed bottleneck is the process of forming the DOM from the device file. The parsing speed in this way has reached the industry-leading level, and the project efficiency has been greatly improved.

Sending of SMV message:

According to the IEC61850 standard SMV has two sampling frequencies, one is 80 points/week, and the other is 256 points/week. This signal generation device needs to send these two sampling frequencies, considering the requirements of relay protection for SMV data transmission at equal intervals and the real-time requirements of GOOSE transmission, the hardware platform is planned to be realized by combining FPGA+ARM, FPGA is used for Ensure equal interval transmission of SMV data.

While considering sending conventional SMV data, it is necessary to send customized functions of SMV data, usually as follows:

①. Conventional SMV transmission is sent at 4000 points per second. The interval between each point is 250us, and the range is within plus or minus 10us. Usually, the tester sends at equal intervals. This device also needs to simulate the sent message The time interval is not within the specified range.

②. Simulate various SMV parameter errors, such as serial number deviation, frame loss, synchronization flag, quality test, serial number jump, error value test, version, SMVID, MAC address, frame repetition, channel delay change, quality change, double AD Sampling exceptions, etc.

③. Simulate error message, such as APDU error, ASDU error, and message timeout.

④, provide comrade data playback function.

⑤, provide the function of sending pcap files.

⑥. Provide SMV message editing interface, users can freely edit SMV messages, and send the edited messages according to certain rules.

Sending of GOOSE message

The general object-oriented GOOSE mechanism for substation events is an important feature of the IEC61850 standard. It has priority-controlled Ethernet transmission. GOOSE is used for important messages such as protection trips and logic locks, which must be transmitted to the destination within the specified time. Real-time , Reliability requirements are also very high.

Study the multi-state and multi-sequence transmission of GOOSE messages. Multi-state considers the switching of a single signal of a virtual terminal from opening to closing and from closing to opening, and multi-sequence considers the continuous and configurable duration of multiple states of a virtual terminal.

While considering sending regular GOOSE data, it is necessary to send customized functions of GOOSE data, usually as follows:

①. While satisfying the conventional GOOSE sending mechanism, multi-state and multi-sequence sending are considered. Multi-state considers the switching of a single signal of a virtual terminal from opening to closing and from closing to opening, and multi-sequence considers the continuous and configurable duration of multiple states of a virtual terminal.

②. Simulate various GOOSE parameter errors, such as frame loss, SQ, ST reversal, reset, overhaul, status false change, event loss, sending mechanism error, etc.

③. Simulate error message, such as APDU error, ASDU error, and message timeout.

④, provide comrade data playback function.

⑤, provide the function of sending pcap files.

⑥. Provide GOOSE message editing interface, users can freely edit GOOSE messages, and send the edited messages according to certain rules.

MMS client communication

The MMS client is mainly used for the MMS communication test of intelligent devices such as protection, measurement and control, and wave recorders. Can modify device parameters, fixed values, soft platen and other equipment data.

While considering calling conventional MMS data, it is necessary to send customized functions of MMS data, usually in the following categories:

①. Simulate the process of modifying the setting error.

②, Analog signal reset, remote control wave recording and other wrong processes.

③. Simulate the process of modifying the error of the soft platen.

Example 2:

The automatic test method of smart substation, as shown in Figure 3, includes:

Step S1: Set the relay protection test case, the test parameters of the relay protection test case are associated with the protection setting;

Step S2: Obtain the protection setting value of the relay protection device under test, obtain test parameters based on the protection setting value, and set a relay protection test case based on the test parameters;

Step S3: Drive the relay protection tester to output the test voltage and test current according to the set relay protection test case;

Step S4: Read the action message of the relay protection device under test, and generate a test result based on the action message.

In one embodiment, a plurality of relay protection test cases are set for different types of relay protection devices under test; the test parameters are obtained based on the protection settings, and the test parameters are obtained based on the protection settings and based on Test parameter setting The relay protection test cases include: obtain the model of the relay protection device under test, select the relay protection test case corresponding to the relay protection model according to the relay protector model, obtain the test parameters based on the protection setting, and Set the selected relay protection test cases.

In one embodiment, the test case is set with different faults, generates corresponding SMV messages and GOOSE messages according to the set faults, and sends the SMV messages and GOOSE messages to the relay protection under test device.

It should be noted that in this article, relational terms such as first and second are only used to distinguish one entity or operation from another entity or operation, and do not necessarily require or imply that there is a relationship between these entities or operations. There is no such actual relationship or order between them. Furthermore, the term "comprises", "comprises" or any other variation thereof is intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion such that a process, method, article, or apparatus comprising a set of elements includes not only those elements, but also includes elements not expressly listed. other elements of or also include elements inherent in such a process, method, article, or device. Without further limitations, an element defined by the phrase "comprising a ..." does not exclude the presence of additional identical elements in the process, method, article or apparatus comprising said element.

The above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, rather than to limit them; although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those of ordinary skill in the art should understand that: it can still be described in the foregoing embodiments Modifications are made to the recorded technical solutions, or equivalent replacements are made to some of the technical features; and these modifications or replacements do not make the essence of the corresponding technical solutions deviate from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims (10)

1. intelligent substation automatization test system, for being connected with relay-protection tester and tested protective relaying device, It is characterised in that it includes：

Test template module, for being stored with relay protection test use-case；

Test case setting module is obtained the protection definite value for being tested protective relaying device, and is protected based on protection definite value setting relay Protect test case；

Control module, for exporting test voltage according to the relay protection test case driving relay protection tester set With test electric current；

Test result generation module, the action message for reading tested protective relaying device generate test based on action message As a result.

2. intelligent substation automatization test system as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that the test template module is used In the tested protective relaying device for different model, multiple relay protection test use-cases are set；It is described to be based on protection definite value Setting relay protection test use-case includes：Obtain and be tested protective relaying device model, and according to the selection of relay protector model with The corresponding relay protection test use-case of relay protection model, and used according to the relay protection test for protecting definite value to set selection Example.

3. intelligent substation automatization test system as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that the relay protection test is used The test parameter of example is associated with protection definite value, described to include based on protection definite value setting relay protection test use-case：According to protection Definite value obtains test parameter associated with it, and setting relay protection test use-case is generated according to test.

4. intelligent substation automatization test system as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that the test case is set with Different failures generates corresponding SMV messages and GOOSE message according to the failure of setting, and by SMV messages and GOOSE message It is sent to tested protective relaying device.

5. intelligent substation automatization test system as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that system by MMS interface with Tested protective relaying device, which is established, to be communicated to connect and obtains the protection definite value.

6. intelligent substation automatization test system as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that described based on action message life Include at test result：Based on action message, obtain relay be tested protective relaying device action, it is described action include adjust, It overlaps or accelerates motion afterwards；Judge whether action error meets sets requirement and actuation time whether in setting range, with And whether action logic correct, if action error meet sets requirement and actuation time in setting range and action logic just Really, then judge that tested protective relaying device is normal, otherwise judge that measured relay protective device is abnormal.

7. intelligent substation automatization test system as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that the test case sets mould Block obtains the I CD files of measured relay protective device, and the protection for obtaining based on I CD files measured relay protective device is fixed Value.

8. intelligent substation automated testing method, which is characterized in that including：

Relay protection test use-case is set, and the test parameter of relay protection test use-case is associated with protection definite value；

The protection definite value for being tested protective relaying device is obtained, test parameter is obtained based on protection definite value and is set based on test parameter Relay protection test use-case；

According to the relay protection test case driving relay protection tester output test voltage and test electric current set；

The action message for being tested protective relaying device is read, test result is generated based on action message.

9. intelligent substation automated testing method as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that for the tested of different model Protective relaying device is provided with multiple relay protection test use-cases；It is described that test parameter is obtained based on protection definite value, it is described Test parameter is obtained based on protection definite value and includes based on test parameter setting relay protection test use-case：It obtains and is tested relay guarantor Protection unit model selects relay protection test use-case corresponding with relay protection model according to relay protector model, is based on It protects definite value to obtain test parameter, the relay protection test use-case of selection is set according to test parameter.

10. intelligent substation automated testing method as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that the test case setting There is different failures, corresponding SMV messages and GOOSE message is generated according to the failure of setting, and SMV messages and GOOSE are reported Text is sent to tested protective relaying device.