CN108410852A - 一种高乙醛耐受性的壳聚糖固定化醛缩酶的制备方法与应用 - Google Patents
一种高乙醛耐受性的壳聚糖固定化醛缩酶的制备方法与应用 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种高乙醛耐受性的壳聚糖固定化醛缩酶的制备方法:包括以下步骤:1)取一定量的壳聚糖溶乙酸溶液中,形成胶状溶液,滴加到凝结剂(1mol/L的NaOH)中形成球形颗粒,2)将纯化脱盐后的2‑脱氧‑d‑核糖‑5‑磷酸醛缩酶与1)中制备的壳聚糖载体在室温下水浴中进行固定。采用该壳聚糖固定化醛缩酶为催化剂催化2‑脱氧‑D‑核糖‑5‑磷酸,得到3‑磷酸甘油醛和乙醛,对底物乙醛的耐受性显著提高,同时酶的回收利用操作得到简化。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及通过固定化提高酶的乙醛耐受性的方法,具体涉及一种高乙醛耐受性的壳聚糖固定化醛缩酶的制备方法与应用。
背景技术
2-脱氧-D-核糖-5-磷酸醛缩酶(DERA,EC 4.1.2.4)属于裂解酶(lyases)的一种,其可以有效地催化供体酮对受体醛的立体选择性加成反应生成C-C键,且反应可逆。由于反应在水溶液、中性pH下进行,无需基团保护,且在催化生成C-C键的同时,可形成两个手性中心,在手性合成方面,尤其是多羟基化合物制备中,比如在制备用于降血脂的他汀类药物中,具有较大的应用前景,因而引起了研究人员的广泛关注。
相比其他生物酶催化剂,DERA能连续形成两个手性中心,减少了反应步骤,尤其在以乙醛作为供体的催化反应中,缩合得到的产物可以作为新的受体底物,继续缩合反应从而生成多个手性中心,用于多羟基化合物的制备,然而在以醛类作为底物的反应中,高浓度的底物乙醛往往导致DERA酶活力降低,甚至使DERA失活,导致催化效率达不到预期目标,这个瓶颈限制了DERA在工业生物催化领域中的应用。
发明内容
本发明的目的是克服现有技术的不足和缺陷,提供一种高乙醛耐受性的壳聚糖固定化醛缩酶的制备方法与应用。
本发明采用以下技术方案:一种高乙醛耐受性的壳聚糖固定化醛缩酶的制备方法,它的步骤如下:
(1)取0.5g天然多糖物质溶于30ml,1wt%-3wt%的乙酸溶液中,静置2.0h,充分溶解,形成胶状溶液,用针形注射器将胶状溶液滴加到凝结剂(1mol/L的NaOH)中形成球形颗粒,注射器的针头距离凝结剂液面5cm,速度40-60滴/分钟,用去离子水洗至中性,干燥备用;
(2)取步骤(1)中制备的固定颗粒0.5g,加入至15,0ml pH=7.4的磷酸缓冲溶液中,加入2.0-10.0mg的活化剂,活化10-60min,再加入2.0-8.0ml浓度为0.05wt%戊二醛溶液,交联0.5-2.0h,获得载体;
(3)配置1.0mg/ml的醛缩酶蛋白溶液,加入载体,醛缩酶蛋白与载体的质量比为1:1~1:10,室温下,pH调整至7.0,固定0.5-2.0h,离心后,用去离子水洗涤固定化酶,得到高乙醛耐受性的壳聚糖固定化醛缩酶。
进一步地,所述天然多糖物质为壳聚糖(脱乙酰度>98%,分子量1.05×106)。
进一步地,所述活化剂为1-乙基-3-(3-甲基氨基)丙基碳二亚胺(简称EDC)。
进一步地,所述的醛缩酶为来源于Escherichia coli K12AB200068的2‐脱氧‐D‐核糖‐5‐磷酸醛缩酶。
壳聚糖固定化醛缩酶在催化2-脱氧-D-核糖-5-磷酸,以获得3-磷酸甘油醛和乙醛中的应用。具体为:(4)将10mg固定化醛缩酶在300mM的乙醛浓度下孵育1h-6h,再加入到1.0ml的50mM的三乙醇胺盐酸盐溶液中,25℃下反应。所述三乙醇胺盐酸盐溶液pH为7.5,含0.1mmol的烟酰胺腺嘌呤二核苷酸,0.4mmol的底物2-脱氧-D-核糖-5-磷酸,4U/ml磷酸丙酮异构酶,11U/ml甘油磷酸脱氢酶。
本发明将壳聚糖固定化醛缩酶用于催化2-脱氧-D-核糖-5-磷酸得到3-磷酸甘油醛和乙醛,其对底物乙醛的耐受性显著提高,同时简化了酶的回收和重复利用,具有极大的工业应用前景。
具体实施方式
实施例1
(1)取0.5g壳聚糖(脱乙酰度>98%,分子量1.05×106)溶于30ml,1%的乙酸溶液中,静置2h,充分溶解,形成胶状溶液,用针形注射器将胶状溶液滴加到凝结剂(1mol/L的NaOH)中形成球形颗粒,注射器的针头距离凝结剂液面5cm,速度40滴/分钟,用去离子水洗至中性,干燥备用,得到壳聚糖球形颗粒。
(2)取步骤(1)中制备的固定颗粒0.5g,加入至15ml pH=7.4的磷酸缓冲溶液中,加入2mg的活化剂EDC,活化10min,再加入2ml戊二醛溶液(浓度为0.05wt%),交联0.5h,获得载体;
(3)配置1mg/ml的醛缩酶蛋白溶液(醛缩酶为来源于Escherichia coliK12AB200068的2‐脱氧‐D‐核糖‐5‐磷酸醛缩酶),加入载体,醛缩酶蛋白与载体的质量比为1:1,室温下,pH调整至7.0,固定0.5h,离心后,用去离子水洗涤固定化酶,得到高乙醛耐受性的壳聚糖固定化醛缩酶,用Bradford法检测固定化反应剩余上清液中的蛋白浓度。载体的吸附量为11.9%。
(4)将10mg固定化2‐脱氧‐D‐核糖‐5‐磷酸醛缩酶在300mM的乙醛浓度下孵育1h,再加入到1.0ml的50mM的三乙醇胺盐酸盐溶液,三乙醇胺盐酸盐溶液的pH为7.5,含0.1mmol的烟酰胺腺嘌呤二核苷酸,0.4mmol的底物2-脱氧-D-核糖-5-磷酸,4U/ml磷酸丙酮异构酶,11U/ml甘油磷酸脱氢酶,在25℃下反应后检测340nm处吸光度的变化。2‐脱氧‐D‐核糖‐5‐磷酸醛缩酶的比活力为2.27U/mg。
实施例2
(1)取0.5g壳聚糖(脱乙酰度>98%,分子量1.05×106)溶于30ml,3wt%的乙酸溶液中,静置2h,充分溶解,形成胶状溶液,用针形注射器将胶状溶液滴加到凝结剂(1mol/L的NaOH)中形成球形颗粒,注射器的针头距离凝结剂液面5cm,速度60滴/分钟,用去离子水洗至中性,干燥备用,得到壳聚糖球形颗粒。
(2)取步骤(1)中制备的固定颗粒0.5g,加入至15ml pH=7.4的磷酸缓冲溶液中,加入10mg的活化剂EDC,活化60min,再加入8ml戊二醛溶液(浓度为0.05%),交联2h,获得载体;
(3)配置1mg/ml的醛缩酶蛋白溶液(醛缩酶为来源于Escherichia coliK12AB200068的2‐脱氧‐D‐核糖‐5‐磷酸醛缩酶),加入载体,醛缩酶蛋白与载体的质量比为1:10,室温下,pH调整至7.0,固定2h,离心后,用去离子水洗涤固定化酶,得到高乙醛耐受性的壳聚糖固定化醛缩酶,用Bradford法检测固定化反应剩余上清液中的蛋白浓度。载体的吸附量为36.9%。
(4)将10mg固定化醛缩酶在300mM的乙醛浓度下孵育6h,再加入到1.0ml的50mM的三乙醇胺盐酸盐溶液,三乙醇胺盐酸盐溶液的pH为7.5,含0.1mmol的烟酰胺腺嘌呤二核苷酸,0.4mmol的底物2-脱氧-D-核糖-5-磷酸,4U/ml磷酸丙酮异构酶,11U/ml甘油磷酸脱氢酶,在25℃下反应后检测340nm处吸光度的变化。2‐脱氧‐D‐核糖‐5‐磷酸醛缩酶的比活力为0.91U/mg。
实施例3
(1)取0.5g壳聚糖(脱乙酰度>98%,分子量1.05×106)溶于30ml,2wt%的乙酸溶液中,静置2h,充分溶解,形成胶状溶液,用针形注射器将胶状溶液滴加到凝结剂(1mol/L的NaOH)中形成球形颗粒,注射器的针头距离凝结剂液面5cm,速度40滴/分钟,用去离子水洗至中性,干燥备用,得到壳聚糖球形颗粒。
(2)取步骤(1)中制备的固定颗粒0.5g,加入至15ml pH=7.4的磷酸缓冲溶液中,加入6mg的活化剂EDC,活化30min,再加入5ml戊二醛溶液(浓度为0.05%),交联1h,获得载体;
(3)配置1mg/ml的醛缩酶蛋白溶液(醛缩酶为来源于Escherichia coliK12AB200068的2‐脱氧‐D‐核糖‐5‐磷酸醛缩酶),加入载体,醛缩酶蛋白与载体的质量比为1:4,室温下,pH调整至7.0,固定1h,离心后,用去离子水洗涤固定化酶,得到高乙醛耐受性的壳聚糖固定化醛缩酶,用Bradford法检测固定化反应剩余上清液中的蛋白浓度。载体的吸附量为41.4%。
(4)将10mg固定化醛缩酶在300mM的乙醛浓度下孵育1h,再加入到1.0ml的50mM的三乙醇胺盐酸盐溶液,三乙醇胺盐酸盐溶液的pH为7.5,含0.1mmol的烟酰胺腺嘌呤二核苷酸,0.4mmol的底物2-脱氧-D-核糖-5-磷酸,4U/ml磷酸丙酮异构酶,11U/ml甘油磷酸脱氢酶,在25℃下反应后检测340nm处吸光度的变化。2-脱氧-D-核糖-5-磷酸醛缩酶的比活力为3.56U/mg。
实施例4
(1)取0.5g壳聚糖(脱乙酰度>98%,分子量1.05×106)溶于30ml,2wt%的乙酸溶液中,静置2h,充分溶解,形成胶状溶液,用针形注射器将胶状溶液滴加到凝结剂(1mol/L的NaOH)中形成球形颗粒,注射器的针头距离凝结剂液面5cm,速度40滴/分钟,用去离子水洗至中性,干燥备用,得到壳聚糖球形颗粒。
(2)取步骤(1)中制备的固定颗粒0.5g,加入至15ml pH=7.4的磷酸缓冲溶液中,加入6mg的活化剂EDC,活化30min,再加入6ml戊二醛溶液(浓度为0.05%),交联2h,获得载体;
(3)配置1mg/ml的醛缩酶蛋白溶液(醛缩酶为来源于Escherichia coliK12AB200068的2‐脱氧‐D‐核糖‐5‐磷酸醛缩酶),加入载体,醛缩酶蛋白与载体的质量比为1:6,室温下,pH调整至7.0,固定1h,离心后,用去离子水洗涤固定化酶,得到高乙醛耐受性的壳聚糖固定化醛缩酶,用Bradford法检测固定化反应剩余上清液中的蛋白浓度。载体的吸附量为30.4%。
(4)将10mg固定化醛缩酶在300mM的乙醛浓度下孵育12h,再加入到1.0ml的50mM的三乙醇胺盐酸盐溶液,三乙醇胺盐酸盐溶液的pH为7.5,含0.1mmol的烟酰胺腺嘌呤二核苷酸,0.4mmol的底物2-脱氧-D-核糖-5-磷酸,4U/ml磷酸丙酮异构酶,11U/ml甘油磷酸脱氢酶,在25℃下反应后检测340nm处吸光度的变化。2-脱氧-D-核糖-5-磷酸醛缩酶的比活力为0.35U/mg。
实施例5
(1)取0.5g壳聚糖(脱乙酰度>98%,分子量1.05×106)溶于30ml,3wt%的乙酸溶液中,静置2h,充分溶解,形成胶状溶液,用针形注射器将胶状溶液滴加到凝结剂(1mol/L的NaOH)中形成球形颗粒,注射器的针头距离凝结剂液面5cm,速度50滴/分钟,用去离子水洗至中性,干燥备用,得到壳聚糖球形颗粒。
(2)取步骤(1)中制备的固定颗粒0.5g,加入至15ml pH=7.4的磷酸缓冲溶液中,加入6mg的活化剂EDC,活化30min,再加入2ml戊二醛溶液(浓度为0.05%),交联1h,获得载体;
(3)配置1mg/ml的醛缩酶蛋白溶液(醛缩酶为来源于Escherichia coliK12AB200068的2‐脱氧‐D‐核糖‐5‐磷酸醛缩酶),加入载体,醛缩酶蛋白与载体的质量比为1:8,室温下,pH调整至7.0,固定1h,离心后,用去离子水洗涤固定化酶,得到高乙醛耐受性的壳聚糖固定化醛缩酶,用Bradford法检测固定化反应剩余上清液中的蛋白浓度。载体的吸附量为27.1%。
(4)将10mg固定化醛缩酶在300mM的乙醛浓度下孵育4h,再加入到1.0ml的50mM的三乙醇胺盐酸盐溶液,三乙醇胺盐酸盐溶液的pH为7.5,含0.1mmol的烟酰胺腺嘌呤二核苷酸,0.4mmol的底物2-脱氧-D-核糖-5-磷酸,4U/ml磷酸丙酮异构酶,11U/ml甘油磷酸脱氢酶,在25℃下反应后检测340nm处吸光度的变化。2-脱氧-D-核糖-5-磷酸醛缩酶的比活力为1.58U/mg。
实施例6
(1)取0.5g壳聚糖(脱乙酰度>98%,分子量1.05×106)溶于30ml,3wt%的乙酸溶液中,静置2h,充分溶解,形成胶状溶液,用针形注射器将胶状溶液滴加到凝结剂(1mol/L的NaOH)中形成球形颗粒,注射器的针头距离凝结剂液面5cm,速度50滴/分钟,用去离子水洗至中性,干燥备用,得到壳聚糖球形颗粒。
(2)取步骤(1)中制备的固定颗粒0.5g,加入至15ml pH=7.4的磷酸缓冲溶液中,加入6mg的活化剂EDC,活化30min,再加入2ml戊二醛溶液(浓度为0.05%),交联1h,获得载体;
(3)配置1mg/ml的醛缩酶蛋白溶液(醛缩酶为来源于Escherichia coliK12AB200068的2‐脱氧‐D‐核糖‐5‐磷酸醛缩酶),加入载体,醛缩酶蛋白与载体的质量比为1:8,室温下,pH调整至7.0,固定1h,离心后,用去离子水洗涤固定化酶,得到高乙醛耐受性的壳聚糖固定化醛缩酶,用Bradford法检测固定化反应剩余上清液中的蛋白浓度。载体的吸附量为18.2%。
(4)将10mg固定化醛缩酶在300mM的乙醛浓度下孵育4h,再加入到1.0ml的50mM的三乙醇胺盐酸盐溶液,三乙醇胺盐酸盐溶液的pH为7.5,含0.1mmol的烟酰胺腺嘌呤二核苷酸,0.4mmol的底物2-脱氧-D-核糖-5-磷酸,4U/ml磷酸丙酮异构酶,11U/ml甘油磷酸脱氢酶,在25℃下反应后检测340nm处吸光度的变化。2-脱氧-D-核糖-5-磷酸醛缩酶的比活力为1.04U/mg。
实施例7
(1)取0.5g壳聚糖(脱乙酰度>98%,分子量1.05×106)溶于30ml,3wt%的乙酸溶液中,静置2h,充分溶解,形成胶状溶液,用针形注射器将胶状溶液滴加到凝结剂(1mol/L的NaOH)中形成球形颗粒,注射器的针头距离凝结剂液面5cm,速度50滴/分钟,用去离子水洗至中性,干燥备用,得到壳聚糖球形颗粒。
(2)取步骤(1)中制备的固定颗粒0.5g,加入至15ml pH=7.4的磷酸缓冲溶液中,加入6mg的活化剂EDC,活化50min,再加入8ml戊二醛溶液(浓度为0.05%),交联1h,获得载体;
(3)配置1mg/ml的醛缩酶蛋白溶液(醛缩酶为来源于Escherichia coliK12AB200068的2‐脱氧‐D‐核糖‐5‐磷酸醛缩酶),加入载体,醛缩酶蛋白与载体的质量比为1:5,室温下,pH调整至7.0,固定1h,离心后,用去离子水洗涤固定化酶,得到高乙醛耐受性的壳聚糖固定化醛缩酶,用Bradford法检测固定化反应剩余上清液中的蛋白浓度。载体的吸附量为25.1%。
(4)将10mg固定化醛缩酶在300mM的乙醛浓度下孵育6h,再加入到1.0ml的50mM的三乙醇胺盐酸盐溶液,三乙醇胺盐酸盐溶液的pH为7.5,含0.1mmol的烟酰胺腺嘌呤二核苷酸,0.4mmol的底物2-脱氧-D-核糖-5-磷酸,4U/ml磷酸丙酮异构酶,11U/ml甘油磷酸脱氢酶,在25℃下反应后检测340nm处吸光度的变化。2-脱氧-D-核糖-5-磷酸醛缩酶的比活力为1.27U/mg。
Claims (6)
1.一种高乙醛耐受性的壳聚糖固定化醛缩酶的制备方法,其特征在于,它的步骤如下:
(1)取0.5g天然多糖物质溶于30ml,1wt%-3wt%的乙酸溶液中,静置2.0h,充分溶解,形成胶状溶液,用针形注射器将胶状溶液滴加到凝结剂(1mol/L的NaOH)中形成球形颗粒,注射器的针头距离凝结剂液面5cm,速度40-60滴/分钟,用去离子水洗至中性,干燥备用;
(2)取步骤(1)中制备的固定颗粒0.5g,加入至15,0ml pH=7.4的磷酸缓冲溶液中,加入2.0-10.0mg的活化剂,活化10-60min,再加入2.0-8.0ml浓度为0.05wt%戊二醛溶液,交联0.5-2.0h,获得载体;
(3)配置1.0mg/ml的醛缩酶蛋白溶液,加入载体,醛缩酶蛋白与载体的质量比为1:1~1:10,室温下,pH调整至7.0,固定0.5-2.0h,离心后,用去离子水洗涤固定化酶,得到高乙醛耐受性的壳聚糖固定化醛缩酶。
2.根据权利要求1所述的一种高乙醛耐受性的壳聚糖固定化醛缩酶的制备方法,其特征在于,所述的天然多糖物质为壳聚糖(脱乙酰度>98%,分子量1.05×106)。
3.根据权利要求1所述的一种高乙醛耐受性的壳聚糖固定化醛缩酶的制备方法,其特征在于,所述的活化剂为1-乙基-3-(3-甲基氨基)丙基碳二亚胺(简称EDC)。
4.根据权利要求1所述的一种高乙醛耐受性的壳聚糖固定化醛缩酶的制备方法,其特征在于,所述的醛缩酶为来源于Escherichia coli K12AB200068的2‐脱氧‐D‐核糖‐5‐磷酸醛缩酶。
5.权利要求1所述方法制备得到的壳聚糖固定化醛缩酶在催化2-脱氧-D-核糖-5-磷酸,以获得3-磷酸甘油醛和乙醛中的应用。
6.根据权利要求5所述的应用,其特征在于,具体为:(4)将10mg固定化醛缩酶在300mM的乙醛浓度下孵育1h-6h,再加入到1.0ml的50mM的三乙醇胺盐酸盐溶液中,25℃下反应。所述三乙醇胺盐酸盐溶液pH为7.5,含0.1mmol的烟酰胺腺嘌呤二核苷酸,0.4mmol的底物2-脱氧-D-核糖-5-磷酸,4U/ml磷酸丙酮异构酶,11U/ml甘油磷酸脱氢酶。
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Application publication date: 20180817 |
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