CN108409202A - 一种防水耐火纤维毡 - Google Patents
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- GUJOJGAPFQRJSV-UHFFFAOYSA-N dialuminum;dioxosilane;oxygen(2-);hydrate Chemical compound O.[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3].O=[Si]=O.O=[Si]=O.O=[Si]=O.O=[Si]=O GUJOJGAPFQRJSV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- NJLLQSBAHIKGKF-UHFFFAOYSA-N dipotassium dioxido(oxo)titanium Chemical compound [K+].[K+].[O-][Ti]([O-])=O NJLLQSBAHIKGKF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- BIKXLKXABVUSMH-UHFFFAOYSA-N trizinc;diborate Chemical compound [Zn+2].[Zn+2].[Zn+2].[O-]B([O-])[O-].[O-]B([O-])[O-] BIKXLKXABVUSMH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
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- C04B26/00—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing only organic binders, e.g. polymer or resin concrete
- C04B26/02—Macromolecular compounds
- C04B26/10—Macromolecular compounds obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
- C04B26/14—Polyepoxides
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B26/00—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing only organic binders, e.g. polymer or resin concrete
- C04B26/02—Macromolecular compounds
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
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- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B41/00—After-treatment of mortars, concrete, artificial stone or ceramics; Treatment of natural stone
- C04B41/009—After-treatment of mortars, concrete, artificial stone or ceramics; Treatment of natural stone characterised by the material treated
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
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- C04B41/00—After-treatment of mortars, concrete, artificial stone or ceramics; Treatment of natural stone
- C04B41/45—Coating or impregnating, e.g. injection in masonry, partial coating of green or fired ceramics, organic coating compositions for adhering together two concrete elements
- C04B41/46—Coating or impregnating, e.g. injection in masonry, partial coating of green or fired ceramics, organic coating compositions for adhering together two concrete elements with organic materials
- C04B41/49—Compounds having one or more carbon-to-metal or carbon-to-silicon linkages ; Organo-clay compounds; Organo-silicates, i.e. ortho- or polysilicic acid esters ; Organo-phosphorus compounds; Organo-inorganic complexes
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Abstract
一种防水耐火纤维毡,由硅酸铝纤维、氧化锆纤维和胶黏剂和防水层组成,所述硅酸铝纤维平均纤维直径为2‑5μm,长度为30‑180mm,气孔率>90%,所占质量比为75‑85%,比表面积为0.4‑0.8m2/g,所述氧化锆纤维平均纤维直径为2‑5μm,所占质量比为15‑25%,所述胶黏剂为环氧树脂胶黏剂或者酚醛树脂胶黏剂,所述硅酸铝纤维、氧化锆纤维按照上述比例混合制浆,并加热得到混合纤维熔融液体,在模具中经固化成型成混合纤维层,重复此步骤,使得混合浆料层层堆叠形成层状结构得到耐火纤维毡,最后使耐火纤维毡浸渍在憎水剂中,经过固化在耐火毡表面形成防水层得到防水耐火纤维毡。本发明所具有的有益效果是:产品隔热保温性能优异且具有耐火性;
Description
技术领域
本发涉及一种耐火毡,特别涉及一种防水耐火纤维毡。
背景技术
随着社会、经济的持续发展,施工规模日益增长,尤其是在一些加工领域,经常需要在高温条件下进行操作,因此要对局部进行隔热保温,同时还要保证材料具有耐火性能,因此绝热毡逐渐成为研究发展的重点。常用的绝热阻燃垫有石棉毡、玻璃纤维毡。玻璃纤维是一种性能优异的无机非金属材料,种类繁多,优点是绝缘性好、耐热性强、抗腐蚀性好,机械强度高等优点,但玻璃纤维在长时间高温条件下易软化,虽然绝热性能十分优异,但在高温条件下没有耐火性,因此,研发新型耐火纤维材料迫在眉睫。
专利号为CN 102504390 A 的中国专利提供了一种隔热阻燃毡的生产方法,以高密度聚乙烯为主要原料,添加玻璃纤维、硅灰石、蒙脱土、钛酸钾、氧化锌、三元乙丙胶、丁腈胶、苯乙烯- 丁二烯- 苯乙烯三元共聚物、乙烯- 辛烯共聚物、纳米碳管、超细碳酸钙、聚丙烯接枝马来酸酐、2,4,6- 三叔丁基苯酚、着色剂。投入精炼机混合均匀进行常规挤出后冷却,即得到成品。该发明提供的隔热阻燃毡的制备混合材料中的成分较为适当,从而克服通常聚乙烯复合材料毡的韧性差、耐热等级不高等问题,但是,该发明中主要成分均为有机材料,虽然改善了通常聚乙烯复合材料毡的一些性能,但是在高温环境下耐火方面依旧有所欠缺。
专利号为CN 101285246 A 的中国专利提供了一种碳化网状阻燃毡及其制备方法,配方按重量比由耐高温纤维32-41%、阻燃防缩的聚脂纤维25-42%、阻燃处理纤维素纤维25~38%和阻燃剂3-5%组成;将微胶囊化红磷P、三氧化二锑Sb2O3、硼酸锌ZnBO3、氧化镁MgO、氢氧化铝AL(OH)3按比例称取,加适量的水配置成混合均匀的阻燃剂溶剂;对各纤维分别采用喷淋、脱剂、烘干处理后再加工成交叉网状结构的阻燃毡。该发明使用自行配制的红磷无氨阻燃剂,具有高强阻燃的同时抗收缩且抗融滴;拉伸强度较高,无气味,对人体健康有益,但是该发明制备工艺较为复杂,制备成本高,难度大,不适宜大规模生产。
国内常用的绝热阻燃垫有石棉毡、玻璃纤维毡。但是由于石棉毡、玻璃纤维毡的强度较低、并且容易开裂,通常使用几次就会报废,在现有技术中出现了以聚乙烯为主的复合材料,然而在保证其隔热阻燃性能的同时,往往这些复合材料的韧性难以保证,容易老化,材料的稳定性差,而某些复合材料在提高塑料韧性的同时,材料强度、刚度、模量和耐热性却大幅下降,无法达到同时隔热阻燃和增加韧性的目的,同时由于毡类材料比较容易受潮,受潮后各项性能均有所下降甚至无法使用,因此改善材料的防水性具有十分重要的意义。
发明内容
本发明的目的旨在克服现有技术的不足,提供一种防水耐火纤维毡,其特征在于所述防水耐火纤维毡由硅酸铝纤维、氧化锆纤维和胶黏剂和防水层组成,所述硅酸铝纤维平均纤维直径为2-5μm,长度为30-180mm,气孔率>90%,所占质量比为75-85%,比表面积为0.4-0.8m2/g,所述氧化锆纤维平均纤维直径为2-5μm,所占质量比为15-25%,所述胶黏剂为环氧树脂胶黏剂或者酚醛树脂胶黏剂,所述硅酸铝纤维、氧化锆纤维按照上述比例混合制浆,并加热得到混合纤维熔融液体,在模具中经固化成型成混合纤维层,重复此步骤,使得混合浆料层层堆叠形成层状结构得到耐火纤维毡,最后使耐火纤维毡浸渍在憎水剂中,经过固化在耐火毡表面形成防水层得到防水耐火纤维毡。对于纤维材料,纤维直径越细,强度越高,同时纤维直径越细,气孔尺寸越小,纤维总长度越长,则热传导的阻尼增加,导热系数降低,另外,耐火纤维以高温收缩率作为表征其耐热性的重要指标,直径越细,则高温收缩率越大,耐热效果越好而氧化锆纤维相比于硅酸铝纤维耐火性能更加优异,掺杂的少量氧化锆纤维可以使材料整体的耐火性有所提高,表面的憎水剂使得耐火毡具有了优异的防水性能。
为实现本发明的目的采用的技术方案是:一种防水耐火纤维毡,其特征在于所述的防水耐火纤维毡由硅酸铝纤维、氧化锆纤维和胶黏剂和防水层组成,所述的防水耐火玻璃纤维毡面密度为180-300g/m2,厚度为2.5-8mm,渣球含量≤8%,接触角为135-145°,耐火温度为1000-1400℃,导热系数≤ 0.035W/m·k,所述的硅酸铝纤维平均纤维直径为2-5μm,长度为30-180mm,气孔率>90%,所占质量比为75-85%,比表面积为0.4-0.8m2/g,所述的氧化锆纤维平均纤维直径为2-5μm,所占质量比为15-25%,所述的胶黏剂为环氧树脂胶黏剂或者酚醛树脂胶黏剂。
所述的硅酸铝纤维按质量计由以下配方组成:SiO2:43.7-47.2%,Al2O3:52.3-55.1%,MgO:0.01-0.05%,Fe2O3:0.01-0.2%;Na2O:0.01-0.2%,K2O:0.01-0.05%,Ti2O:≤0.01%,CaO:0.16-0.20%。
所述的氧化锆纤维按质量计由以下配方组成:Zr2O:98.1-99.2%,SiO2:0.09-0.12%,Al2O3:0.89-0.95%,MgO:0.40-0.46%,Fe2O3:0.01-0.08%;Na2O:≤0.01%,K2O:≤0.01%,Ti2O:≤0.01%,CaO:≤0.01%。
所述的防水耐火毡外表面浸渍了一层憎水剂作为防水层,憎水剂为瓦克硅油、甲基硅油中的一种或混合体,憎水剂浓度为15-30wt%,防水层厚度为0.20-0.35nm。
所述的防水耐火毡的制备包含以下步骤:将硅酸铝纤维、氧化锆纤维按照比例混合制浆,并加热得到混合纤维熔融液体,在模具中经固化成型成混合纤维层,重复此步骤,使得混合浆料层层堆叠形成层状结构得到耐火纤维毡,最后使耐火纤维毡浸渍在憎水剂中,经过固化在耐火毡表面形成防水层得到防水耐火纤维毡。
本发明所具有的有益效果是:产品隔热保温性能优异且具有耐火性;产品具有防水性能优异以及强度高等优点;③制备方法简单,节约资源,可降低成本。
具体实施方式
下面结合具体实施例,进一步阐明本发明,应理解这些实施例仅用于说明本发明而不用于限制本发明的范围,在阅读了本发明之后,本领域技术人员对本发明的各种等价形式的修改均落于本申请所附权利要求所限定。
实施例1
一种防水耐火纤维毡,其特征在于所述的防水耐火纤维毡由硅酸铝纤维、氧化锆纤维和胶黏剂和防水层组成,所述的防水耐火玻璃纤维毡面密度为180g/m2,厚度为2.5mm,渣球含量为8%,接触角为135°,耐火温度为1000℃,导热系数为0.035W/m·k,所述硅酸铝纤维平均纤维直径为2μm,长度为30mm,气孔率为90%,所占质量比为75%,比表面积为0.4m2/g,所述的氧化锆纤维平均纤维直径为2μm,所占质量比为25%,所述胶黏剂为环氧树脂胶黏剂。
所述的硅酸铝纤维按质量计由以下配方组成:SiO2:43.7%,Al2O3:52.3%,MgO:0.01%,Fe2O3:0.01%;Na2O:0.01%,K2O:0.01%,Ti2O:0.01%,CaO:0.16%。
所述的氧化锆纤维按质量计由以下配方组成:Zr2O:98.1%,SiO2:0.09%,Al2O3:0.89%,MgO:0.40%,Fe2O3:0.01%;Na2O:0.01%,K2O:0.01%,Ti2O:0.01%,CaO:0.01%。
所述的防水耐火毡外表面浸渍了一层憎水剂作为防水层,憎水剂为瓦克硅油,憎水剂浓度为15%,防水层厚度为0.20nm。
所述的防水耐火毡的制备包含以下步骤:将硅酸铝纤维、氧化锆纤维按照比例混合制浆,并加热得到混合纤维熔融液体,在模具中经固化成型成混合纤维层,重复此步骤,使得混合浆料层层堆叠形成层状结构得到耐火纤维毡,最后使耐火纤维毡浸渍在憎水剂中,经过固化在耐火毡表面形成防水层得到防水耐火纤维毡。
实施例2
一种防水耐火纤维毡,其特征在于所述的防水耐火纤维毡由硅酸铝纤维、氧化锆纤维和胶黏剂和防水层组成,所述的防水耐火玻璃纤维毡面密度为300g/m2,厚度为8mm,渣球含量为6%,接触角为145°,耐火温度为1400℃,导热系数为 0.032W/m·k,所述的硅酸铝纤维平均纤维直径为5μm,长度为180mm,气孔率为90%,所占质量比为85%,比表面积为0.8m2/g,所述的氧化锆纤维平均纤维直径为5μm,所占质量比为15%,所述胶黏剂为酚醛树脂胶黏剂。
所述的硅酸铝纤维按质量计由以下配方组成:SiO2:47.2%,Al2O3:55.1%,MgO:0.05%,Fe2O3:0.2%;Na2O:0.2%,K2O:0.05%,Ti2O:0.01%,CaO:0.20%。
所述的氧化锆纤维按质量计由以下配方组成:Zr2O:99.2%,SiO2:0.12%,Al2O3:0.95%,MgO:0.46%,Fe2O3:0.08%;Na2O:0.01%,Ti2O:0.01%。
所述的防水耐火毡外表面浸渍了一层憎水剂作为防水层,憎水剂为甲基硅油,憎水剂浓度为30%,防水层厚度为0.35nm。
所述的防水耐火毡的制备包含以下步骤:将硅酸铝纤维、氧化锆纤维按照比例混合制浆,并加热得到混合纤维熔融液体,在模具中经固化成型成混合纤维层,重复此步骤,使得混合浆料层层堆叠形成层状结构得到耐火纤维毡,最后使耐火纤维毡浸渍在憎水剂中,经过固化在耐火毡表面形成防水层得到防水耐火纤维毡。
上述仅为本发明的两个具体实施方式,但本发明的设计构思并不局限于此,凡利用此构思对本发明进行非实质性的改动,均应属于侵犯本发明保护的范围的行为。但凡是未脱离本发明技术方案的内容,依据本发明的技术实质对以上实施例所作的任何形式的简单修改、等同变化与改型,仍属于本发明技术方案的保护范围。
Claims (5)
1.一种防水耐火纤维毡,其特征在于所述的防水耐火纤维毡由硅酸铝纤维、氧化锆纤维和胶黏剂和防水层组成,所述的防水耐火玻璃纤维毡面密度为180-300g/m2,厚度为2.5-8mm,渣球含量≤8%,接触角为135-145°,耐火温度为1000-1400℃,导热系数≤ 0.035W/m·k,所述的硅酸铝纤维平均纤维直径为2-5μm,长度为30-180mm,气孔率>90%,所占质量比为75-85%,比表面积为0.4-0.8m2/g,所述的氧化锆纤维平均纤维直径为2-5μm,所占质量比为15-25%,所述的胶黏剂为环氧树脂胶黏剂或者酚醛树脂胶黏剂。
2.根据权利要求1所述的防水耐火纤维毡,其特征在于所述的硅酸铝纤维按质量计由以下配方组成:SiO2:43.7-47.2%,Al2O3:52.3-55.1%,MgO:0.01-0.05%,Fe2O3:0.01-0.2%;Na2O:0.01-0.2%,K2O:0.01-0.05%,Ti2O:≤0.01%,CaO:0.16-0.20%。
3.根据权利要求1所述的防水耐火纤维毡,其特征在于所述的氧化锆纤维按质量计由以下配方组成:Zr2O:98.1-99.2%,SiO2:0.09-0.12%,Al2O3:0.89-0.95%,MgO:0.40-0.46%,Fe2O3:0.01-0.08%;Na2O:≤0.01%,K2O:≤0.01%,Ti2O:≤0.01%,CaO:≤0.01%。
4.根据权利要求1所述的防水耐火纤维毡,其特征在于所述的防水耐火毡外表面浸渍了一层憎水剂作为防水层,憎水剂为瓦克硅油、甲基硅油中的一种或混合体,憎水剂浓度为15-30wt%,防水层厚度为0.20-0.35nm。
5.根据权利要求1所述的防水耐火纤维毡,其特征在于所述的防水耐火毡的制备包含以下步骤:将硅酸铝纤维、氧化锆纤维按照权利要求1所述比例混合制浆,并加热得到混合纤维熔融液体,在模具中经固化成型成混合纤维层,重复此步骤,使得混合浆料层层堆叠形成层状结构得到耐火纤维毡,最后使耐火纤维毡浸渍在憎水剂中,经过固化在耐火毡表面形成防水层得到防水耐火纤维毡。
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