CN108389924A - 一种光电转换器件封装结构 - Google Patents
一种光电转换器件封装结构 Download PDFInfo
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- CN108389924A CN108389924A CN201810385348.5A CN201810385348A CN108389924A CN 108389924 A CN108389924 A CN 108389924A CN 201810385348 A CN201810385348 A CN 201810385348A CN 108389924 A CN108389924 A CN 108389924A
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- H01L31/04—Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof adapted as photovoltaic [PV] conversion devices
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- H01L31/04—Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof adapted as photovoltaic [PV] conversion devices
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Abstract
本发明提供一种光电转换器件封装结构,所述光电转换器件封装结构包括封装背板、第一导热封装胶层、第二封装胶层、多个光伏电池、第三封装胶层以及钢化玻璃板,所述封装背板包括一金属板,所述金属板的上表面具有多个导热弹性柱,所述金属板的下表面具有多个金属块,使得其具有优异的散热性能、抗震性能以及水汽阻隔性能,确保光伏电池的光电转换效率不衰减,确保其输出功率稳定,适于长期使用。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及光伏技术领域,特别是涉及一种光电转换器件封装结构。
背景技术
随着科技的发展和进步,对能源的需求也急剧增加,其中常用的能源来自化石能源石油、煤炭和天然气。由于石化能源总储藏量有限,且为不可再生能源,因而全球面临着严峻的能源形势,使得人们对风能、地热、太阳能等新兴可再生能源的探索日益迫切。其中,太阳能作为一种取之不尽,用之不竭的绿色可再生能源逐渐受到人们的广泛关注,太阳能电池相关技术也日益蓬勃发展。光伏背板位于光伏组件背面的最外层,在室外环境下保护光伏电池片不受潮气和氧气的影响。现有的光伏背板分为两种:一种为涂胶复合式背板膜,在PET聚酯薄膜两面复合氟膜或者EVA胶膜,三层结构,常见的有TPT、TPE、KPK等结构;另一种为涂覆背板膜,在PET聚酯薄膜两面涂覆氟树脂,经干燥固化成膜。光伏组件的温度升高将严重影响电池片的光电转换效率,导致电池片的效率大幅度下降,所以光伏背板散热性能和稳固性的优劣将影响光伏电池片的转换效率和使用寿命。
发明内容
本发明的目的是克服上述现有技术的不足,提供一种光电转换器件封装结构。
为实现上述目的,本发明提出的一种光电转换器件封装结构,所述光电转换器件封装结构包括:
封装背板,所述封装背板包括金属板,在所述金属板的上表面粘结有聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯层,所述聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯层的上表面粘结有第一含氟聚合物层,所述第一含氟聚合物层的上表面设置有乙烯-醋酸乙烯共聚物层,在所述金属板的上表面设置有多个贯穿所述乙烯-醋酸乙烯共聚物层、所述第一含氟聚合物层以及所述聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯层的通孔,多个所述通孔均暴露所述金属板的上表面,每个所述通孔中均嵌入一个导热弹性柱,所述导热弹性柱的上端部裸露于所述乙烯-醋酸乙烯共聚物层,所述导热弹性柱的底面与所述金属板接触,所述导热弹性柱包括金属柱,所述金属柱的侧表面设置有硅橡胶层,所述硅橡胶层的表面设置有EVA粘结层,在所述金属板的下表面粘结有天然橡胶层,所述天然橡胶层的下表面粘结有聚萘二甲酸乙二醇酯层,所述聚萘二甲酸乙二醇酯层的下表面粘结有第二含氟聚合物层,在所述金属板的下表面设置有多个贯穿所述第二含氟聚合物层、所述聚萘二甲酸乙二醇酯层以及所述天然橡胶层的矩形开口,多个所述矩形开口平行排列且暴露所述金属板的下表面,每个所述矩形开口中均嵌入一个金属块,所述金属块的顶表面与所述金属板的下表面接触,所述金属块的底表面与所述第二含氟聚合物层的下表面齐平;
第一导热封装胶层,所述第一导热封装胶层覆盖所述封装背板,所述导热弹性柱中裸露于所述乙烯-醋酸乙烯共聚物层的上端部嵌入到所述第一导热封装胶层中;
第二封装胶层,所述第二封装胶层覆盖所述第一导热封装胶层;
多个光伏电池铺设在所述第二封装胶层上;
第三封装胶层,所述第三封装胶层覆盖所述光伏电池和所述第二封装胶层;
钢化玻璃板,所述钢化玻璃板设置于所述第三封装胶层之上。
如上光电转换器件封装结构,进一步,所述金属板的材质为铝、铜、铁以及铝镁合金中的一种,所述金属板的厚度为200-500微米,所述聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯层的厚度为1-3毫米,所述第一含氟聚合物层的厚度为200-500微米,所述乙烯-醋酸乙烯共聚物层的厚度为100-150微米。
如上光电转换器件封装结构,进一步,所述金属柱的材质为铝或铜,所述金属柱的直径为5-10毫米,所述硅橡胶层的厚度为5-10毫米,所述EVA粘结层的厚度为50-100微米。
如上光电转换器件封装结构,进一步,所述天然橡胶层的厚度为1-3毫米,所述聚萘二甲酸乙二醇酯层的厚度为0.5-1毫米,所述第二含氟聚合物层的厚度为100-200微米,所述金属块的材质为铝或铜,所述矩形开口的尺寸与所述金属块的尺寸相同。
如上光电转换器件封装结构,进一步,所述第一导热封装胶层包括EVA树脂以及导热纳米颗粒,所述导热纳米颗粒为氧化铝、氮化铝、氮化硼、氮化硅、氧化镁中的一种,所述导热纳米颗粒的粒径为100-200纳米,所述第二封装胶层和所述第三封装胶层的材质为EVA。
如上光电转换器件封装结构,进一步,第一导热封装胶层的厚度为300-500微米,所述第二封装胶层的厚度为50-150微米,所述第三封装胶层的厚度为200-300微米,所述导热弹性柱嵌入到所述第一导热封装胶层中的所述上端部的长度为150-400微米。
如上光电转换器件封装结构,进一步,所述光伏电池为单晶硅光伏电池、多晶硅光伏电池或砷化镓光伏电池。
如上光电转换器件封装结构,进一步,所述第一含氟聚合物层和所述第二含氟聚合物层的材质为聚四氟乙烯、聚三氟氯乙烯、聚偏氟乙烯、聚氟乙烯、乙烯-三氟氯乙烯共聚物或乙烯-四氟乙烯共聚物。
与现有技术相比,本发明的有益效果在于:
本发明的光电转换器件封装结构中,在多层树脂层中形成贯穿通孔,每个所述通孔中均嵌入一个导热弹性柱,使得在形成较厚的背板中,多个导热弹性柱分别形成多条散热通路,可以将光伏电池片产生的热量快速传导至金属板,且在金属板的下表面设置天然橡胶层、聚萘二甲酸乙二醇酯层以及第二含氟聚合物层,并形成矩形开口以嵌入金属块,确保其具有优异导热形成的同时,金属板的存在可以有效防止水汽侵入光电转换器件封装结构,进而使得其具有优异的抗PID性能。通过优化导热弹性柱的结构,所述导热弹性柱包括金属柱、硅橡胶层以及EVA粘结层,使得导热弹性柱具有优异的导热性能同时还具有优异的缓冲性能,且在金属板的下表面设置有天然橡胶层,进一步提高封装结构缓冲性能,即使封装结构发生碰撞,导热弹性柱的存在可以确保光伏电池片不被撞坏。导热弹性柱的上端嵌入到第一导热封装胶层,增加导热弹性柱和第一导热封装层的面积,进一步提高光电转换器件封装结构的稳固性和导热性能。封装背板的表面具有乙烯-醋酸乙烯共聚物层,且在第一导热封装胶层与光伏电池片层之间具有一超薄的第二封装胶层,使得光电转换器件封装结构更易粘结为一体。与现有的电池板相比,通过优化本发明的光电转换器件封装结构的具体结构以及各层的具体尺寸,使得本发明的光电转换器件封装结构整体较厚,具有优异的散热性能、抗震性能以及水汽阻隔性能,确保光伏电池的光电转换效率不衰减,确保其输出功率稳定,适于长期使用。
附图说明
图1为本发明的光电转换器件封装结构的结构示意图。
图2为本发明的导热弹性柱的底面的结构示意图。
图3为本发明的封装背板的俯视图。
图4为本发明的封装背板的仰视图。
具体实施方式
如图1-4所示,本发明提出一种光电转换器件封装结构,所述光电转换器件封装结构包括:封装背板1,所述封装背板包括金属板11,在所述金属板11的上表面粘结有聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯层12,所述聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯层12的上表面粘结有第一含氟聚合物层13,所述第一含氟聚合物层13的上表面设置有乙烯-醋酸乙烯共聚物层14,在所述金属板11的上表面设置有多个贯穿所述乙烯-醋酸乙烯共聚物层14、所述第一含氟聚合物层13以及所述聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯层12的通孔15,多个所述通孔15均暴露所述金属板11的上表面,每个所述通孔15中均嵌入一个导热弹性柱2,所述导热弹性柱2的上端部裸露于所述乙烯-醋酸乙烯共聚物层14,所述导热弹性柱2的底面与所述金属板11接触,所述导热弹性柱2包括金属柱21,所述金属柱21的侧表面设置有硅橡胶层22,所述硅橡胶层22的表面设置有EVA粘结层23,在所述金属板11的下表面粘结有天然橡胶层16,所述天然橡胶层16的下表面粘结有聚萘二甲酸乙二醇酯层17,所述聚萘二甲酸乙二醇酯层17的下表面粘结有第二含氟聚合物层18,在所述金属板11的下表面设置有多个贯穿所述第二含氟聚合物层18、所述聚萘二甲酸乙二醇酯层17以及所述天然橡胶层16的矩形开口19,多个所述矩形开口19平行排列且暴露所述金属板11的下表面,每个所述矩形开口19中均嵌入一个金属块3,所述金属块3的顶表面与所述金属板11的下表面接触,所述金属块3的底表面与所述第二含氟聚合物层18的下表面齐平;第一导热封装胶层4,所述第一导热封装胶层4覆盖所述封装背板1,所述导热弹性柱2中裸露于所述乙烯-醋酸乙烯共聚物层14的上端部嵌入到所述第一导热封装胶层4中;第二封装胶层5,所述第二封装胶层5覆盖所述第一导热封装胶层4;多个光伏电池6铺设在所述第二封装胶层5上;第三封装胶层7,所述第三封装胶层7覆盖所述光伏电池6和所述第二封装胶层5;钢化玻璃板8,所述钢化玻璃板8设置于所述第三封装胶层7之上。
进一步,所述金属板11的材质为铝、铜、铁以及铝镁合金中的一种,所述金属板11的厚度为200-500微米,所述聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯层12的厚度为1-3毫米,所述第一含氟聚合物层13的厚度为200-500微米,所述乙烯-醋酸乙烯共聚物层14的厚度为100-150微米,所述天然橡胶层16的厚度为1-3毫米,所述聚萘二甲酸乙二醇酯层17的厚度为0.5-1毫米,所述第二含氟聚合物层18的厚度为100-200微米,所述金属块3的材质为铝或铜,所述矩形开口19的尺寸与所述金属块3的尺寸相同。通过优化各层的具体厚度,使得背板具有优异的导热性能、抗震性能以及耐候性。
进一步,所述金属柱21的材质为铝或铜,所述金属柱21的直径为5-10毫米,所述硅橡胶层22的厚度为5-10毫米,所述EVA粘结层23的厚度为50-100微米。通过优化导热弹性柱的具体结构和参数,使得每个导热弹性柱均具有优异的抗震性能。
进一步,所述第一导热封装胶层4包括EVA树脂以及导热纳米颗粒,所述导热纳米颗粒为氧化铝、氮化铝、氮化硼、氮化硅、氧化镁中的一种,所述导热纳米颗粒的粒径为100-200纳米,所述第二封装胶层5和所述第三封装胶层7的材质为EVA。通过选择导热纳米颗粒的材质,确保第一导热封装层具有优异导热性能,通过优化导热纳米颗粒的粒径,使得第一导热封装层具有优异的粘结性能,不易发生剥离。
进一步,第一导热封装胶层4的厚度为300-500微米,所述第二封装胶层5的厚度为50-150微米,所述第三封装胶层7的厚度为200-300微米,所述导热弹性柱2嵌入到所述第一导热封装胶层4中的所述上端部的长度为150-400微米。第二封装胶层5的设置确保了光电转换器件封装结构的整体密封性能,导热弹性柱嵌入到所述第一导热封装胶层中的长度的具体选择,快速导热的同时,确保导热弹性柱牢固粘结于第一导热封装胶层。
进一步,所述光伏电池6为单晶硅光伏电池、多晶硅光伏电池或砷化镓光伏电池。
进一步,所述第一含氟聚合物层13和所述第二含氟聚合物层18的材质为聚四氟乙烯、聚三氟氯乙烯、聚偏氟乙烯、聚氟乙烯、乙烯-三氟氯乙烯共聚物或乙烯-四氟乙烯共聚物。使得封装背板具有优异的耐候性能。
实施例1
如图1-4所示,本发明提出一种光电转换器件封装结构,所述光电转换器件封装结构包括:封装背板1,所述封装背板包括金属板11,在所述金属板11的上表面粘结有聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯层12,所述聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯层12的上表面粘结有第一含氟聚合物层13,所述第一含氟聚合物层13的上表面设置有乙烯-醋酸乙烯共聚物层14,在所述金属板11的上表面设置有多个贯穿所述乙烯-醋酸乙烯共聚物层14、所述第一含氟聚合物层13以及所述聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯层12的通孔15,多个所述通孔15均暴露所述金属板11的上表面,每个所述通孔15中均嵌入一个导热弹性柱2,所述导热弹性柱2的上端部裸露于所述乙烯-醋酸乙烯共聚物层14,所述导热弹性柱2的底面与所述金属板11接触,所述导热弹性柱2包括金属柱21,所述金属柱21的侧表面设置有硅橡胶层22,所述硅橡胶层22的表面设置有EVA粘结层23,在所述金属板11的下表面粘结有天然橡胶层16,所述天然橡胶层16的下表面粘结有聚萘二甲酸乙二醇酯层17,所述聚萘二甲酸乙二醇酯层17的下表面粘结有第二含氟聚合物层18,在所述金属板11的下表面设置有多个贯穿所述第二含氟聚合物层18、所述聚萘二甲酸乙二醇酯层17以及所述天然橡胶层16的矩形开口19,多个所述矩形开口19平行排列且暴露所述金属板11的下表面,每个所述矩形开口19中均嵌入一个金属块3,所述金属块3的顶表面与所述金属板11的下表面接触,所述金属块3的底表面与所述第二含氟聚合物层18的下表面齐平;第一导热封装胶层4,所述第一导热封装胶层4覆盖所述封装背板1,所述导热弹性柱2中裸露于所述乙烯-醋酸乙烯共聚物层14的上端部嵌入到所述第一导热封装胶层4中;第二封装胶层5,所述第二封装胶层5覆盖所述第一导热封装胶层4;多个光伏电池6铺设在所述第二封装胶层5上;第三封装胶层7,所述第三封装胶层7覆盖所述光伏电池6和所述第二封装胶层5;钢化玻璃板8,所述钢化玻璃板8设置于所述第三封装胶层7之上。
其中,所述金属板11的材质为铝,所述金属板11的厚度为350微米,所述聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯层12的厚度为2毫米,所述第一含氟聚合物层13的厚度为400微米,所述乙烯-醋酸乙烯共聚物层14的厚度为120微米。所述金属柱21的材质为铝,所述金属柱21的直径为8毫米,所述硅橡胶层22的厚度为8毫米,所述EVA粘结层23的厚度为80微米。所述天然橡胶层16的厚度为2毫米,所述聚萘二甲酸乙二醇酯层17的厚度为0.7毫米,所述第二含氟聚合物层18的厚度为150微米,所述金属块3的材质为铝,所述矩形开口19的尺寸与所述金属块3的尺寸相同。所述第一导热封装胶层4包括EVA树脂以及导热纳米颗粒,所述导热纳米颗粒为氧化铝,所述导热纳米颗粒的粒径为150纳米,所述第二封装胶层5和所述第三封装胶层7的材质为EVA。第一导热封装胶层4的厚度为400微米,所述第二封装胶层5的厚度为100微米,所述第三封装胶层7的厚度为250微米,所述导热弹性柱2嵌入到所述第一导热封装胶层4中的所述上端部的长度为300微米。所述光伏电池6为单晶硅光伏电池。所述第一含氟聚合物层13和所述第二含氟聚合物层18的材质为聚四氟乙烯。
实施例2
本实施例提供另一种光电转换器件封装结构,与实施例1相比,区别仅在于,所述金属板11的材质为铜,所述金属板11的厚度为500微米,所述聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯层12的厚度为3毫米,所述第一含氟聚合物层13的厚度为200微米,所述乙烯-醋酸乙烯共聚物层14的厚度为150微米。所述金属柱21的材质为铜,所述金属柱21的直径为10毫米,所述硅橡胶层22的厚度为10毫米,所述EVA粘结层23的厚度为100微米。所述天然橡胶层16的厚度为1毫米,所述聚萘二甲酸乙二醇酯层17的厚度为1毫米,所述第二含氟聚合物层18的厚度为200微米,所述金属块3的材质为铜。所述第一导热封装胶层4中的导热纳米颗粒为氮化铝,所述导热纳米颗粒的粒径为200纳米。第一导热封装胶层4的厚度为500微米,所述第二封装胶层5的厚度为150微米,所述第三封装胶层7的厚度为200微米,所述导热弹性柱2嵌入到所述第一导热封装胶层4中的所述上端部的长度为400微米。所述光伏电池6为多晶硅光伏电池。所述第一含氟聚合物层13和所述第二含氟聚合物层18的材质为乙烯-三氟氯乙烯共聚物。
实施例3
本实施例提供另一种光电转换器件封装结构,与实施例1相比,区别仅在于,所述金属板11的材质为铁,所述金属板11的厚度为200微米,所述聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯层12的厚度为1毫米,所述第一含氟聚合物层13的厚度为500微米,所述乙烯-醋酸乙烯共聚物层14的厚度为100微米。所述金属柱21的材质为铜,所述金属柱21的直径为5毫米,所述硅橡胶层22的厚度为5毫米,所述EVA粘结层23的厚度为50微米。所述天然橡胶层16的厚度为3毫米,所述聚萘二甲酸乙二醇酯层17的厚度为0.5毫米,所述第二含氟聚合物层18的厚度为100微米,所述金属块3的材质为铜。所述第一导热封装胶层4中的导热纳米颗粒为氧化镁中,所述导热纳米颗粒的粒径为100纳米。第一导热封装胶层4的厚度为300微米,所述第二封装胶层5的厚度为50微米,所述第三封装胶层7的厚度为300微米,所述导热弹性柱2嵌入到所述第一导热封装胶层4中的所述上端部的长度为150微米。所述光伏电池6为砷化镓光伏电池。所述第一含氟聚合物层13和所述第二含氟聚合物层18的材质为聚偏氟乙烯。
以上所述是本发明的优选实施方式,应当指出,对于本技术领域的普通技术人员来说,在不脱离本发明原理的前提下,还可以做出若干改进和润饰,这些改进和润饰也视为本发明的保护范围。
Claims (8)
1.一种光电转换器件封装结构,其特征在于:所述光电转换器件封装结构包括:
封装背板,所述封装背板包括金属板,在所述金属板的上表面粘结有聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯层,所述聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯层的上表面粘结有第一含氟聚合物层,所述第一含氟聚合物层的上表面设置有乙烯-醋酸乙烯共聚物层,在所述金属板的上表面设置有多个贯穿所述乙烯-醋酸乙烯共聚物层、所述第一含氟聚合物层以及所述聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯层的通孔,多个所述通孔均暴露所述金属板的上表面,每个所述通孔中均嵌入一个导热弹性柱,所述导热弹性柱的上端部裸露于所述乙烯-醋酸乙烯共聚物层,所述导热弹性柱的底面与所述金属板接触,所述导热弹性柱包括金属柱,所述金属柱的侧表面设置有硅橡胶层,所述硅橡胶层的表面设置有EVA粘结层,在所述金属板的下表面粘结有天然橡胶层,所述天然橡胶层的下表面粘结有聚萘二甲酸乙二醇酯层,所述聚萘二甲酸乙二醇酯层的下表面粘结有第二含氟聚合物层,在所述金属板的下表面设置有多个贯穿所述第二含氟聚合物层、所述聚萘二甲酸乙二醇酯层以及所述天然橡胶层的矩形开口,多个所述矩形开口平行排列且暴露所述金属板的下表面,每个所述矩形开口中均嵌入一个金属块,所述金属块的顶表面与所述金属板的下表面接触,所述金属块的底表面与所述第二含氟聚合物层的下表面齐平;
第一导热封装胶层,所述第一导热封装胶层覆盖所述封装背板,所述导热弹性柱中裸露于所述乙烯-醋酸乙烯共聚物层的上端部嵌入到所述第一导热封装胶层中;
第二封装胶层,所述第二封装胶层覆盖所述第一导热封装胶层;
多个光伏电池铺设在所述第二封装胶层上;
第三封装胶层,所述第三封装胶层覆盖所述光伏电池和所述第二封装胶层;
钢化玻璃板,所述钢化玻璃板设置于所述第三封装胶层之上。
2.根据权利要求1所述的光电转换器件封装结构,其特征在于:所述金属板的材质为铝、铜、铁以及铝镁合金中的一种,所述金属板的厚度为200-500微米,所述聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯层的厚度为1-3毫米,所述第一含氟聚合物层的厚度为200-500微米,所述乙烯-醋酸乙烯共聚物层的厚度为100-150微米。
3.根据权利要求2所述的光电转换器件封装结构,其特征在于:所述金属柱的材质为铝或铜,所述金属柱的直径为5-10毫米,所述硅橡胶层的厚度为5-10毫米,所述EVA粘结层的厚度为50-100微米。
4.根据权利要求1所述的光电转换器件封装结构,其特征在于:所述天然橡胶层的厚度为1-3毫米,所述聚萘二甲酸乙二醇酯层的厚度为0.5-1毫米,所述第二含氟聚合物层的厚度为100-200微米,所述金属块的材质为铝或铜,所述矩形开口的尺寸与所述金属块的尺寸相同。
5.根据权利要求1所述的光电转换器件封装结构,其特征在于:所述第一导热封装胶层包括EVA树脂以及导热纳米颗粒,所述导热纳米颗粒为氧化铝、氮化铝、氮化硼、氮化硅、氧化镁中的一种,所述导热纳米颗粒的粒径为100-200纳米,所述第二封装胶层和所述第三封装胶层的材质为EVA。
6.根据权利要求5所述的光电转换器件封装结构,其特征在于:第一导热封装胶层的厚度为300-500微米,所述第二封装胶层的厚度为50-150微米,所述第三封装胶层的厚度为200-300微米,所述导热弹性柱嵌入到所述第一导热封装胶层中的所述上端部的长度为150-400微米。
7.根据权利要求1所述的光电转换器件封装结构,其特征在于:所述光伏电池为单晶硅光伏电池、多晶硅光伏电池或砷化镓光伏电池。
8.根据权利要求1所述的光电转换器件封装结构,其特征在于:所述第一含氟聚合物层和所述第二含氟聚合物层的材质为聚四氟乙烯、聚三氟氯乙烯、聚偏氟乙烯、聚氟乙烯、乙烯-三氟氯乙烯共聚物或乙烯-四氟乙烯共聚物。
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