CN108371125A - A kind of auspicious carp of the small reservoir good fortune of hilly pond, hybridized prussian carp " middle section 3 " cultural method - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to a kind of auspicious carp of the small reservoir good fortune of hilly pond, hybridized prussian carp " middle section 3 " efficient health cultural method, selection is had abundant water resources, and annual winter can do the small reservoir of hilly pond on the pool；Configuration bottom micro-pore oxygenation facility, feeding hack, feeding platform, feeding tray and bottom residual bait check box in food place；The beginning of the year puts the auspicious carp fingerling of good fortune in a suitable place to breed, puts hybridized prussian carp " middle section 3 " fingerling, intercropping silver carp fingerling in a suitable place to breed；It is fed using carp buoyancy expanding pellet and the three-dimensional mixing of the heavy property hard pellet diet of crucian, form the auspicious carp of good fortune and hybridized prussian carp " middle section 3 " through tame and docile food ingests in food place different water levels, feeds daily 4 ~ 5 times；Periodically carry out water quality microecological regulation and control and gastrointestinal health.The auspicious carp of good fortune of raising, hybridized prussian carp " middle section 3 " neat specification, can all reach listing specification.The present invention solves " robbing food " between carp crucian using the three-dimensional mixing feeding technology of heavy floating pellet diet, and breeding environment is made to keep good, reaches promotion growth, increases production and improves productivity, the effect improved benefit.

Description

A breeding method of Furui carp and heterogeneous gibel carp "Zhongke No. 3" in a small reservoir in a mountain pond

technical field

The invention belongs to the field of aquaculture, and in particular relates to a high-efficiency and healthy breeding method for Furui carp and heterogeneous gibel carp "Zhongke No. 3" in a small reservoir in a mountain pond.

Background technique

As an important small-scale water conservancy infrastructure in hilly and mountainous areas, Shantang small reservoir has many points and a wide area, and has played an important role in farmland irrigation and agricultural production. The potential is huge. The traditional culture in small reservoirs in mountain ponds is mainly based on the mixed culture of fertilizer and water, and carp and crucian carp are only used as nesting species, and the breeding output is low. The Shantang small reservoir intensive breeding mode has the characteristics of large breeding area, deep water body, and large breeding capacity. It adopts a three-dimensional feeding method, through the replacement of improved species, the whole process of feeding with feed, and implementing optimized supporting facilities such as water quality control, etc., changing the traditional Shantang. The small reservoir breeding mode greatly improves the production and benefits of carp and crucian carp farming in small reservoirs in mountain ponds, saves breeding costs and improves economic benefits.

Both carp and crucian carp are omnivorous bottom fish, and their feeding habits are similar, and "grabbing for food" will inevitably occur in the same pond, which will affect the growth rate and survival rate of carp and crucian carp. Stocking density and stocking specifications, water quality control and other issues.

Contents of the invention

In order to solve the above problems, the present invention provides a high-efficiency and healthy breeding method for Furui carp and heterogeneous gibel carp "Zhongke No. 3" in a small reservoir in a mountain pond. This method adopts a three-dimensional mixed feeding method, through the replacement of improved species, the whole process of feeding with feed, and the implementation of optimal matching such as water quality control, etc., to give full play to the water body of small ponds and small reservoirs, improve the utilization rate of feed, and achieve the effect of increasing production and efficiency.

To achieve the above object, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:

A high-efficiency and healthy breeding method for Furui carp and heterogeneous gibel carp "Zhongke No. 3" in a small mountain pond reservoir, comprising the following steps: selecting a small mountain pond reservoir with sufficient water source, which can be drained into a dry pond every winter; Bottom microporous aeration facilities, bait feeding platform and bottom bait check box; 15000-18000 fish/ ^hm2 of 50-60 fish/kg Furui carp species and 5-6cm heterogeneous gibel carp "Zhongke 3" 22,500-25,000/hm 2 fish species, 1,200-1,500/hm ² silver carp species with 15-20/kg silver carp species; three-dimensional mixing of carp floating extruded ^pellet feed and crucian carp sinking hard pellet feed Feeding method: after domestication, Furui carp and heterogeneous gibel carp "Zhongke No. 3" are fed in different water layers in the food field, and fed 4 to 5 times a day; water quality micro-ecological regulation and gastrointestinal health care are carried out regularly.

Preferably, the above-mentioned food field is set in the middle of one side of the east-west dike, in an area with a water depth of 2.5-3.5m, which expands the feeding area, and the east-west lighting time is relatively long, effectively improving the feeding of carp and crucian carp. quantity; microporous aeration tubes are installed along the east-west direction at the bottom of the food court, and the installation spacing of the microporous aeration tubes is 1.0~1.2m. , increase the dissolved oxygen in the water body of the food field, and increase the upward fluidity of the water body of the food field, which can slow down the sinking speed of the sinking pellet feed.

Preferably, the above-mentioned bait feeding platform is set up on the side of the pond ridge in the food field area, and every 2 automatic bait feeding machines form a group, which are installed side by side on the bait feeding platform, and are respectively used for feeding carp buoyant puffed pellet feed and For crucian carp sinking hard pellet feed, a group of automatic bait feeding machines are installed at intervals of 10-12m to form a three-dimensional feeding space in the water body of the food field, reducing the "grabbing" competition among carp and crucian carp.

Preferably, the inspection frame for residual bait at the bottom is a 30-mesh circular plastic screen frame with a diameter of 1.0-1.2m and a height of 0.25-0.30m, which is placed at the bottom of the pond at the feed feeding point in front of each group of bait throwing machines. It is used to check the residue of sinking pellet feed on the bottom of the pond after feeding, adjust the feeding amount in time, ensure the rapid growth of carp and crucian carp, and reduce the waste of feed.

Preferably, the above-mentioned Furui carp and heterogeneous gibel carp "Zhongke No. 3" fish species start to be domesticated after being stocked, and the bottom microporous oxygenation facilities are opened before each feeding, and the carp is first fed with buoyant puffed pellet feed , and then fed crucian carp with sinking hard pellet feed. Since Furui carp has a stronger grabbing ability than the heterogeneous gibel carp "Zhongke 3", it will concentrate on the water surface to eat floating extruded pellet feed, and the heterogeneous gibel carp "Zhongke 3" The ability to snatch food is slightly worse than that of Furui carp, and it will concentrate on the middle and lower layers of the water body in the feeding ground to ingest sinking hard pellet feed. The habit of feeding in different water layers in the field.

Preferably, the crude protein content of the above-mentioned carp floating extruded pellet feed is 34wt%, and it is fed according to the daily feeding amount of 2.5% to 3.5% of the stock of Furui carp; the crucian carp sinking hard pellet feed The crude protein content is 32wt%, and the daily feeding amount is 3% to 4% of the stocked pond volume of the heterogeneous gibel carp "Zhongke No. 3".

Preferably, the above-mentioned feeding is 4 to 5 times a day, and the feeding is between 7:00 and 17:00. Since carp and crucian carp are typical stomachless fish, increasing the frequency of feeding can effectively improve their food intake and digestibility. Adult fish are fed 4 to 5 times a day for the best growth effect.

Preferably, the above-mentioned technical points for regular water quality micro-ecological regulation and gastrointestinal health care are to use photosynthetic bacteria liquid 7.5ml/ ^m2 water surface concentration to splash once in the whole pool every 15-20 days, effectively avoiding the contamination of organic matter and harmful substances. Accumulate, improve and purify water quality, inhibit the growth and reproduction of harmful bacteria; use EM compound bacteria liquid 4~5ml/kg feed concentration every month to feed 2~3 courses of treatment, each course of treatment is 3~5 days, can Promote the digestion and absorption of feed by carp and crucian carp, improve the utilization rate of feed, reduce the bait coefficient, and at the same time significantly increase the growth rate of carp and crucian carp.

Compared with prior art, advantage and beneficial effect of the present invention are:

The present invention utilizes the difference in the grabbing ability of Furui carp and heterogeneous gibel carp "Zhongke No. 3" to domesticate Furui carp and heterogeneous gibel carp "Zhongke No. 3" in the food field area by adopting a three-dimensional mixed feeding method. Feed in different water layers, and install multiple groups of feeding machines in the food field area to further expand the feeding area and form a three-dimensional feeding space in the water body of the food field area to avoid "grabbing" competition and growth among carp and crucian carp inhibition. In this way, the stocking ratio of carp and crucian carp in the small reservoir of Shantang can be increased, the total output can be increased, and the effect of promoting growth and improving efficiency can be achieved. Compared with the existing method of feeding at the feeding table, since carp and crucian carp are both bottom fish and need to be fed 4 to 5 times a day to improve feed utilization, they cannot be fed at one time. It is easier to domesticate the Furui carp and the heterogeneous gibel "Zhongke 3" than the feeding table feeding method. They feed in different areas, and the feeding and growth of carp and crucian carp are more uniform, and the specifications of commercial fish out of the pond more tidy.

Detailed ways

The present invention further illustrates the present invention with following examples, but protection scope of the present invention is not limited to following examples. For the methods that do not indicate specific conditions in the following examples, generally follow the conventional conditions or the conditions suggested by the manufacturer.

Example 1

Shantang Small Reservoir covers an area of 5.4 hm ² , with an average water depth of 5.0m. The water source is mountain streams, and the water volume is sufficient. There is a bottom drainage and sewage system under the dam, and water can be drained into the dry pond every winter to clear the reservoir. The food field is set in an area with a water depth of 2.5~3.5m in the middle of the east-west side of the pool ridge, with a length of 50m and a width of 30m. Microporous aeration pipes are installed along the east-west direction at the bottom of the food field area, and a microporous aeration pipe with a length of 50 m is installed at an interval of 1.0 m. on the blower.

A bait feeding platform is set up on the side of the pond in the food field area. Every 2 automatic bait feeding machines are installed side by side on the bait feeding platform. They are used to feed carp floating puffed pellet feed and crucian carp sinking hard pellet feed respectively. , install a group of automatic bait feeding machines at intervals of 10m, and place a 30-mesh circular plastic net frame with a diameter of 1.0m and a height of 0.25m at the bottom of the pond at the feeding point in front of each group of bait feeding machines for inspection of feeding After feeding, the residue of sinking pellet feed at the bottom of the pond should be adjusted in time to reduce the waste of feed.

After the mountain pond is sterilized by the clear pond, fill up the water and make preparations before stocking.

On March 20, 2016, 90,000 Furui overwintering seeds with an average size of 18.4g/tail were released, and 130,000 overwintering seedlings of the allogenetic gibel carp "Zhongke No. 3" with an average size of 5.3 cm were released, with an average size of 57g/ There are 8,000 tails of silver carp species.

On the second day after the seedlings were stocked, the automatic baiting machine feeding method was used to start domestication and feeding in the food field area. Before each feeding, the bottom microporous aeration facility was opened, and the crude protein content of 34wt% was first fed. Carp buoyant extruded pellet feed, and then crucian carp sinking hard pellet feed with a crude protein content of 32wt%, because Furui carp has a stronger predation ability than the heterogeneous gibel "Zhongke No. 3", it will concentrate on the water surface to eat floating The heterogeneous gibel crucian carp "Zhongke No. 3" has a slightly lower predation ability than the Furui carp, and it will concentrate on the middle and lower layers of the water body in the feeding ground to eat sinking hard pellet feed. Through domestication, the Furui carp has been formed. , The feeding habit of the heterogeneous gibel carp "Zhongke No. 3" in different water layers in the food field area. Daily feeding at 7:00 am, 10:00 am, 13:00 pm and 16:00 pm. The daily feeding amount of floating extruded pellet feed for carp is 2.5% to 3.5% of the pond stock of Furui carp. 3% to 4% of the amount stored in the pond was fed, and half an hour after each feeding, lift the residual bait check box at the bottom to check the residual situation. The above-mentioned feeding amount should also be appropriately increased or decreased according to the weather, water quality and the daily feeding situation of the fish body, and the feeding amount should be appropriately reduced in rainy days.

During the breeding process, use 7.5ml/ ^m2 water surface dose of photosynthetic bacteria liquid to spray the whole pool once every 15 days to improve and purify the water quality of mountain pond aquaculture water; Feed 2 courses of treatment, each course of treatment is 5 days, to promote the digestion and absorption of feed by carp and crucian carp, improve the utilization rate of feed and the growth rate of carp and crucian carp.

Breeding began on November 3, 2016, when the fishing began and on the market until January 10, 2017. The total output was 223,310 kg, with an average yield of 41,353.7 kg/hm ² . Among them, the output of Furui carp was 26,950 kg/hm ² . Yield of gibel carp "Zhongke No. 3" is 12566.7kg/hm ² , silver carp 1837kg/hm ² , average profit is 154151.7 yuan/hm ² .

Example 2

Shantang Small Reservoir covers an area of 8.2 hm ² , with an average water depth of 6.5m. The water source is mountain streams, and the water volume is sufficient. It has a bottom drainage and sewage system, which can be used to clean the reservoir. The food field is set in the middle part of the east-west embankment side of the small Shantang reservoir with a water depth of 2.5~3.5m, with a length of 90m and a width of 30m. Microporous aeration pipes are installed along the east-west direction at the bottom of the food field area, and a microporous aeration pipe with a length of 90m is installed at an interval of 1.2m. on the blower.

Set up a feeding platform near the inner side of the embankment in the food field area. Every 2 automatic feeding machines form a group and are installed side by side on the feeding platform. Install a group of automatic bait feeding machines at intervals of 12m, and place a 30-mesh circular plastic screen frame with a diameter of 1.2m and a height of 0.3m at the bottom of the pond at the feeding point in front of each group of bait feeding machines for checking feeding To check the residue of sinking pellet feed at the bottom of the pond, adjust the feeding amount in time to reduce the waste of feed.

After the Shantang small reservoir is disinfected by the clear pond, fill up the water and make preparations before stocking.

On April 15, 2016, 123,000 Furui overwintering seeds with an average size of 20g/tail were released, and 184,500 overwintering seedlings of the allogenetic gibel carp "Zhongke No. 3" with an average size of 5.4 cm were released, with an average size of 65g/tail. There are 12,300 silver carp species.

On the second day after the seedlings were stocked, the automatic baiting machine feeding method was used to start domestication and feeding in the food field area. Before each feeding, the bottom microporous aeration facility was opened, and the crude protein content of 34wt% was first fed. Carp floating extruded pellet feed, followed by crucian carp sinking hard pellet feed with a crude protein content of 32wt%, formed Furui carp and heterogeneous gibel "Zhongke No. layer feeding habits. Feeding five times a day at 8:00, 10:00, 12:00, 14:00, and 16:00. The daily feeding amount of floating extruded pellet feed for carp is 2.5% to 3.5% of the pond stock of Furui carp. 3% to 4% of the amount stored in the pond was fed, and half an hour after each feeding, lift the residual bait check box at the bottom to check the residual situation. Properly adjust the feeding amount according to residual bait, weather, water quality and fish body feeding situation, and reduce the feeding amount appropriately in rainy days.

During the breeding process, use 7.5ml/ ^m2 water surface dose of photosynthetic bacteria liquid to spray the whole pool once every 15 days to improve and purify the water quality of mountain pond aquaculture water; Feed 3 courses of treatment, each course of treatment is 5 days, to promote the digestion and absorption of feed by carp and crucian carp, improve the utilization rate of feed and the growth rate of carp and crucian carp.

Breeding began on October 15, 2016, and all clear ponds were caught on the market until January 5, 2017. The total output was 320,538kg, and the average yield per unit area was 39,090kg/hm ² . Among them, the output of Furui carp was 24,795kg/hm ² . The output of gibel carp "Zhongke No. 3" is 12555kg/hm ² , silver carp 1740kg/hm ² , and the average profit is 146986.5 yuan/hm ² .

Example 3

Shantang Small Reservoir has an area of 2.4hm ² and an average water depth of 5m. The water source is mountain stream water with sufficient water volume. It has bottom drainage facilities and can drain dry water for dry pond cleaning. Set up a food court in the middle of the east-west embankment side of the Shantang Small Reservoir with a water depth of 2.5~3.5m, with a length of 40m and a width of 30m. Microporous aeration pipes are installed along the east-west direction at the bottom of the food field area, and a microporous aeration pipe with a length of 40m is installed at an interval of 1.0m. on the blower.

Set up a feeding platform on the side of the dyke in the food field area. Every 2 automatic feeding machines form a group and are installed side by side on the feeding platform. They are used to feed carp floating puffed pellet feed and crucian carp sinking hard pellet feed respectively. , install a group of automatic bait feeding machines at intervals of 10m, and place a 30-mesh circular plastic net frame with a diameter of 1.0m and a height of 0.25m at the bottom of the pond at the feeding point in front of each group of bait feeding machines for inspection of feeding After feeding, the residue of sinking pellet feed at the bottom of the pond should be adjusted in time to reduce the waste of feed.

After the Shantang small reservoir is disinfected by the clear pond, it is filled with water and the preparations before stocking are done.

On February 25, 2017, 43,000 Furui overwintering seeds with an average size of 17.8g/tail were released, and 60,000 overwintering seedlings of the allogenetic gibel carp "Zhongke No. 3" with an average size of 5.6cm were released, with an average size of 60g/tail. There are 3,000 tails of silver carp species.

On the second day after the seedlings were stocked, the automatic baiting machine feeding method was used to start domestication and feeding in the food field area. Before each feeding, the bottom microporous aeration facility was opened, and the crude protein content of 34wt% was first fed. Carp floating extruded pellet feed, followed by crucian carp sinking hard pellet feed with a crude protein content of 32wt%, formed Furui carp and heterogeneous gibel "Zhongke No. layer feeding habits. Feeding is divided into four times a day, and the feeding time is 07:00, 09:00, 13:00, and 15:00. The daily feeding amount of floating extruded pellet feed for carp is 2.5% to 3.5% of the pond stock of Furui carp. 3% to 4% of the amount stored in the pond was fed, and half an hour after each feeding, lift the residual bait check box at the bottom to check the residual situation. Properly adjust the feeding amount according to residual bait, weather, water quality and fish body feeding situation, and reduce the feeding amount appropriately in rainy days.

During the breeding process, use 7.5ml/ ^m2 water surface dose of photosynthetic bacteria liquid to spray the whole pool once every 15 days to improve and purify the water quality of mountain pond aquaculture water; Feed 3 courses of treatment, each course of treatment is 5 days, to promote the digestion and absorption of feed by carp and crucian carp, improve the utilization rate of feed and the growth rate of carp and crucian carp.

Breeding began on October 15, 2017, when the fishing began and on December 25, 2017, all clear ponds were caught on the market. The total output was 93,084kg, with an average yield of 38,785kg/hm ² . Among them, the output of Furui carp was 24,510kg/hm ² . The output of gibel crucian carp "Zhongke No. 3" is 12787.5kg/hm ² , that of silver carp is 1487.5kg/hm ² , and the average profit is 154486 yuan/hm ² .

The above descriptions are only preferred embodiments of the present invention, and all equivalent changes and modifications made according to the scope of the patent application of the present invention shall fall within the scope of the present invention.

Claims (8)

1. a kind of auspicious carp of the small reservoir good fortune of hilly pond, hybridized prussian carp " middle section 3 " cultural method, it is characterised in that：Selection is had abundant water resources, Annual winter can do the small reservoir of hilly pond on the pool；Configuration bottom micro-pore oxygenation facility, feeding hack, feeding platform, feeding tray and bottom residual bait inspection in food place Frame；The beginning of the year puts auspicious 15000 ~ 18000 tails of the carp fingerling/hm of good fortune of 50 ~ 60 tails/kg in a suitable place to breed², put hybridized prussian carp " the middle section 3 of 5 ~ 6 cm in a suitable place to breed Number " 22500 ~ 25000 tails of fingerling/hm², 1200 ~ 1500 tails of silver carp fingerling/hm of 15 ~ 20 tails of intercropping/kg²；Using carp buoyancy Expanded pellet feed and the three-dimensional mixing of the heavy property hard pellet diet of crucian feed mode, and domestication forms the auspicious carp of good fortune and hybridized prussian carp " middle section 3 " ingests in food field different water levels, feeds daily 4 ~ 5 times；Periodically carry out water quality microecological regulation and control and gastrointestinal health.

2. a kind of auspicious carp of the small reservoir good fortune of hilly pond according to claim 1, hybridized prussian carp " middle section 3 " cultural method, special Sign is：The middle side part in East and West direction Chi Geng is arranged in the food place, and the depth of water is the region of 2.5 ~ 3.5m, in food place bottom Micro-pore oxygenation pipe is installed along East and West direction, for micro-pore oxygenation pipe clipping room away from for 1.0 ~ 1.2m, micro-pore oxygenation pipe passes through air valve and inflation Pipeline is connected to air blower.

3. a kind of auspicious carp of the small reservoir good fortune of hilly pond according to claim 1, hybridized prussian carp " middle section 3 " cultural method, special Sign is：The feeding hack, feeding platform, feeding tray is built in food place by the one side Chi Geng, and every 2 automatic station device for feeding fish bait is one group, is mounted side by side on bait throwing in On platform, it is respectively used to feed carp buoyancy expanding pellet and the heavy property hard pellet diet of crucian, at interval of 10 ~ 12m installations one Group Autoamtic bait putting machine.

4. a kind of auspicious carp of the small reservoir good fortune of hilly pond according to claim 1, hybridized prussian carp " middle section 3 " cultural method, special Sign is：The bottom residual bait check box be 30 mesh round plastic screen frames, 1.0 ~ 1.2m of diameter, screen frame 0.25 ~ 0.30m of height, It is positioned over the pool bottom of feedstuff feeding point in front of every group of device for feeding fish bait, for checking the residual feelings for feeding rear sinking pellet diet at pool bottom Condition.

5. a kind of auspicious carp of the small reservoir good fortune of hilly pond according to claim 1, hybridized prussian carp " middle section 3 " cultural method, special Sign is：It is described that mode is fed using carp buoyancy expanding pellet and the three-dimensional mixing of the heavy property hard pellet diet of crucian, have Body is：Start to tame and docile food after the auspicious carp of good fortune, hybridized prussian carp " middle section 3 " fingerling stocking, opening bottom micro-pore oxygenation before feeding every time sets It applies, first feeds carp buoyancy expanding pellet, then feed the heavy property hard pellet diet of crucian, the auspicious carp of domestication good fortune, hybridized prussian carp " middle section 3 " ingests in food field different water levels.

6. a kind of auspicious carp of the small reservoir good fortune of hilly pond according to claim 1, hybridized prussian carp " middle section 3 " cultural method, special Sign is：The crude protein content of the carp buoyancy expanding pellet be 34wt%, by the auspicious carp of good fortune deposit the pool amount 2.5%~ 3.5% day feeding volume is fed；The crude protein content of the heavy property hard pellet diet of crucian is 32wt%, by hybridized prussian carp " middle section No. 3 " deposit the pool amount 3%~4% day feeding volume fed.

7. a kind of auspicious carp of the small reservoir good fortune of hilly pond according to claim 6, hybridized prussian carp " middle section 3 " cultural method, special Sign is：It is described to feed 4 ~ 5 times daily, 7:00 to 17:It is fed in 00 time.

8. a kind of auspicious carp of the small reservoir good fortune of hilly pond according to claim 1, hybridized prussian carp " middle section 3 " cultural method, special Sign is：It is described it is regular carry out water quality microecological regulation and control and gastrointestinal health be specially：Use photosynthetic bacteria liquid within every 15 ~ 20 days 7.5ml/m²Water surface concentration full pool spilling head 1 time；The concentration spice of EM composite bacteria liquid 4 ~ 5ml/kg feeds is monthly used to feed 2 ~ 3 treatments Journey, each course for the treatment of 3 ~ 5 days.