CN108369969A - 光反射器 - Google Patents

光反射器 Download PDF

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CN108369969A
CN108369969A CN201580085223.5A CN201580085223A CN108369969A CN 108369969 A CN108369969 A CN 108369969A CN 201580085223 A CN201580085223 A CN 201580085223A CN 108369969 A CN108369969 A CN 108369969A
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light
optical system
emitting component
photo detector
reflective optical
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大野文昭
小池诚二
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New Japan Radio Co Ltd
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New Japan Radio Co Ltd
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Abstract

本发明实现一种光反射器,其可缩短距检测对象物的距离,对更近的检测对象物进行位置检测,能有助于配置空间的缩小化。光反射器(10)具备:板状的基板(11)、安装于基板(11)的发光元件(13)及受光元件(14)、密封发光元件(13)及受光元件(14)的透光性树脂层(12)、以及设置于发光元件(13)与受光元件(14)之间的遮光部(21),遮光部(21)形成为能使光的一部分在发光元件(13)与受光元件(14)之间经由透光性树脂层(12)直接进行收发的高度。

Description

光反射器
技术领域
本发明涉及一种具有发光元件和受光元件并通过反射光的检测来对物体的位置等进行检测的光反射器。
背景技术
作为光反射器的以往的例子,示出了将发光元件和受光元件搭载于基板上的表面安装型的光反射器的构成例。图8是示出以往的光反射器的构成例的图,图8(A)是从元件的上方观察的俯视图,图8(B)是从侧方观察的侧剖面图。
现有例的光反射器100在基板101上安装发光元件103和受光元件104,这些发光元件103和受光元件104是由透光性树脂层102密封的构造。此外,在发光元件103与受光元件104之间为了减少在元件之间收发直射光造成的干扰设有由透光率低的树脂制成的遮光壁107。作为在发光元件与受光元件之间设置遮光壁的例子,例如有专利文献1公开的接近传感器。
现有技术文献
专利文献
专利文献1:日本特开平11-354832号公报
发明内容
发明所要解决的问题
最近,光反射器搭载于以智能手机为代表的携带终端等的移动设备,用于相机模块的自动对焦(auto focus)透镜的位置检测等的应用。在这种移动设备中,由于有来自于市场的高功能化的要求,因此搭载零件的配置空间成为问题。因为有设计上的制约等所以难以为了搭载的零件而扩大制品的尺寸,需要缩小各个模块或者器件的尺寸。
在此,作为光反射器的适用例子,将进行相机模块的自动对焦透镜的位置检测的情况作为例子进行说明。为了进行在相机模块内位移的自动对焦透镜的位置检测,设置与透镜的光轴方向的移动连动的反射物,与反射物对置来配置光反射器,通过光反射器检测来自于反射物的反射光。此时,光反射器的受光元件的输出信号的变化利用与距反射物的距离相关的特性,通过检测距反射物的距离,来进行自动对焦透镜的位置检测。
为了谋求相机模块的高功能化、小型化,当欲探讨缩小光反射器的配置空间时,考虑了光反射器本身的薄型化、缩短距检测对象的距离等方法。在以往的构成中单纯地将光反射器薄型化时,会产生基板的刚性不足、不能充分地取得安装中的位置精度、需要扩大发光元件与受光元件的配置间隔、光反射器的封装体的安装面积增大等的问题。此外,在上述的现有例中,虽然通过遮光壁减少了直射光的干扰,但是需要在一定程度上确保距检测对象物的距离,距位置可检测的检测对象物的距离变远,因此进一步的可检测距离的缩短、配置空间的缩小很困难。
本发明的目的是实现一种光反射器,其可缩短距检测对象物的距离,对更近的检测对象物进行位置检测,可有助于配置空间的缩小化。
用于解决问题的方案
本发明提供一种光反射器,其具备:板状的基板;安装于所述基板的发光元件和受光元件;密封所述发光元件和所述受光元件的透光性树脂层;以及设置于所述发光元件与所述受光元件之间的遮光部,所述遮光部形成为能使光的一部分在所述发光元件与所述受光元件间经由所述透光性树脂层直接进行收发的高度。
此外,在上述的光反射器中,可以是在密封所述发光元件的透光性树脂层与密封所述受光元件的透光性树脂层之间具有空气层,能使光的一部分在所述发光元件与所述受光元件之间经由所述透光性树脂层以及所述空气层直接进行收发。
此外,在上述的光反射器中,可以是所述基板具有多个凹部,所述发光元件与所述受光元件配置成分别收纳于所述多个凹部中的一个,由所述发光元件与所述受光元件之间的所述凹部的侧壁部形成所述遮光部。
此外,在上述的光反射器中,可以是在配置有所述发光元件或者所述受光元件的所述凹部的至少侧壁部设有反射膜。
此外,在上述的光反射器中,可以是所述发光元件的上端以及所述受光元件的上端的一部分位于所述遮光部的上端的上方。
发明效果
根据本发明,可实现一种光反射器,其可缩短距检测对象物的距离,对更近的检测对象物进行位置检测,可有助于配置空间的缩小化。
附图说明
图1是表示本发明的第一实施方式的光反射器的构成的图,(A)是从元件的上方观察的俯视图,(B)是从侧方观察的侧剖面图。
图2是示意性地示出了光反射器中的光的路径的图,(A)是表示本实施方式的构成的说明图,(B)是表示现有例的构成的说明图。
图3是表示本发明的第二实施方式的光反射器的构成的图,(A)是从元件的上方观察的俯视图,(B)是从侧方观察的侧剖面图。
图4是示意性地示出了第二实施方式的光反射器中的光的路径的说明图。
图5是表示本实施方式的光反射器的输出与距检测对象物的距离之间的关系的特性图。
图6是表示本发明的第三实施方式的光反射器的构成的图,(A)是从元件的上方观察的俯视图,(B)是从侧方观察的侧剖面图。
图7是表示本发明的第四实施方式的光反射器的构成的图,是从元件的侧方观察的侧剖面图。
图8是表示以往的光反射器的构成例的图,(A)是从元件的上方观察的俯视图,(B)是从侧方观察的侧剖面图。
图9表示现有例中的光反射器与检测对象物的距离的说明图。
图10是表示现有例的光反射器的输出与距检测对象物的距离的关系的特性图。
具体实施方式
以下,关于具体地公开了本发明的光反射器的实施方式(以下,称为“本实施方式”),参照附图进行详细的说明。
在本实施方式中,示出了用于例如搭载于移动设备的相机模块的自动对焦透镜的位置检测等的光反射器的构成例。
(本发明的各实施方式的内容的经过)
在说明本实施方式的构成时,首先,对关于在谋求光反射器的配置空间的缩小上的问题进行更具体的说明。
图9是表示现有例中的光反射器与检测对象物的距离的说明图,图10是表示现有例的光反射器的输出与距检测对象物的距离的关系的特性图。
在此后的说明中,记述了进行相机模块的自动对焦透镜的位置检测的表面安装型的光反射器的例子。这种情况下,在相机模块中设有与自动对焦透镜的光轴方向的移动连动来位移的反射物,该反射物设为检测对象物50,如图9所示,与检测对象物50对置来配置光反射器100。光反射器100朝向检测对象物50并通过发光元件103放射检测光,经检测对象物50反射的反射光由受光元件104接受。
光反射器100的输出(输出电流)根据从光反射器100的上端面至检测对象物50(反射物)的距离Lo具有如图10所示的特性。在图10中,纵轴作为光反射器100的传感器输出,示出了传感器相对输出So的大小,将位置可检测的检测对象物50的最近位置处的输出值作为1归一化。横轴示出了距检测对象物50(反射物)的距离Lo。传感器相对输出So由通过用多项式近似光反射器100的输出电流而获得的曲线来表示。光反射器100的传感器输出在规定的范围内具有传感器输出值与反射物的位置相关的特性。
为了高精度地检测距作为检测对象物50的反射物的距离,使用与离传感器输出的输出峰值点Sp更远的范围相当的、相对于距离的增加传感器输出单调地减少的区域。作为检测对象物50的位置检测范围Ls,当欲检测例如0.9mm的范围时,在图10的例子中,距位置可检测的检测对象物50的距离Lo的范围为0.6~1.5mm。这种情况下,传感器输出的输出峰值点Sp处的反射物的距离为0.3mm,距位置检测范围的最近位置处的检测对象物50的距离Ln为0.6mm,距最远位置的距离Lf为1.5mm。
在此,作为缩小搭载设备的相机模块的尺寸的目的,为了谋求光反射器的配置空间的缩小,探讨缩短距位置可检测的检测对象物的距离。为了缩短距检测对象物的距离,需要使传感器输出的输出峰值点Sp的位置靠近零点,在图10的特性图中使其向左侧移动。
因此,鉴于上述情况,在本实施方式中,光反射器的构成例如下所示。所述光反射器可使传感器输出的输出峰值点Sp靠近零点从而缩短距检测对象物的距离,可对更近的检测对象物进行位置检测,有助于配置空间的缩小化。
(第一实施方式)
图1是表示本发明的第一实施方式的光反射器的构成的图,图1(A)是从元件的上方观察的俯视图,图1(B)是从侧方观察的侧剖面图。光反射器10是将发光元件13和受光元件14安装于基板11上而构成。
基板11是由在环氧玻璃等硬性绝缘材料制成的板状的基体15上覆以导电材料的铜箔16而得到的覆铜板所形成的印刷电路板。基板11通过激光加工等,在其一面(图中上表面)形成多个凹部17,在其另一面(图中底面)形成贯通的贯通孔,将导电材料的金属填充在贯通孔以形成导通孔18。此外,构成金属膜的金属图案19以堵塞导通孔18的上部的方式形成为至凹部17的底部以及侧壁部、进一步至基体15的上表面部的范围。铜箔16以及金属图案19通过刻蚀被构图为规定形状,分别成为基板11的外部以及内部的连接用电极,经由导通孔18连接。
发光元件13是发光二极管(LED)等元件,被安装成可向检测对象物放射光。受光元件14是光电晶体管等元件,被安装成可接受经检测对象物反射的光。这种情况下,发光元件13和受光元件14通过贴片(die bond)以及打线(wire bond)形成必要的连接。
基板11中的发光元件13和受光元件14的安装面(图中上侧的面)设有透光率高的透光性树脂层12,成为发光元件13和受光元件14通过透光性树脂层12密封了的构造。
发光元件13和受光元件14配置为分别收纳于基板11的多个凹部17中的一个的状态。在此,发光元件13和受光元件14如图1(B)所示,发光元件13的上端13a或者受光元件14的上端14a的一部分突出而不是埋于凹部17。尽管该突出了的部分相互进行直射光的收发,但是大部分的光的收发是经由检测对象物的反射来进行。此外,通过基板11中的2个凹部17之间的侧壁部形成遮挡在发光元件13与受光元件14之间收发的光的一部分的遮光部21。在此,发光元件13的上端13a以及受光元件14的上端14a的一部分为露出到遮光部21的上端的上方的状态。
图2是示意性地示出了光反射器中的光的路径的图,图2(A)是表示本实施方式的构成的说明图,图2(B)是表示现有例的构成的说明图。在图2中,带箭头的虚线为了理解而示意性地示出了光的路径。
如图2(A)所示,在本实施方式的光反射器10中,是发光元件13和受光元件14的一部分从基板11的凹部17露出的构造,并构成为在发光元件13与受光元件14之间仅收发少量的直射光,大部分收发经检测对象物50反射的反射光。此外虽然未图示,但是构成为收发经透光性树脂层12的上端反射的反射光。如此,在本实施方式中,在发光元件13与受光元件14之间,有意地进行微量的直射光的收发。相对于此,在图2(B)所示的现有例中,是具有遮挡发光元件103与受光元件104之间的直射光的遮光壁107的构造,在检测对象物50接近的状态下从发光元件13放射出的光被遮光壁107遮挡不会入射到受光元件14。
在本实施方式中,通过在发光元件13与受光元件14之间有意地进行微量的直射光的收发,即使在距检测对象物50的距离Lo较短的情况下从发光元件13放射出的光也会被受光元件14接受,即使当检测对象物50处于非常接近光反射器10的状态时也可进行位置检测。即,传感器输出的输出峰值点Sp可靠近零,可进行在近距离的检测对象物50的位置检测。由于在透光性树脂层12与检测对象物50之间存在空气,所以当超过规定临界角时会因全反射使来自发光元件13的光并不传递至检测对象物50,该光的一部分直接入射至受光元件14或者在透光性树脂层12内经反射后入射至受光元件14,该入射部分起到增加受光元件14的输出值的作用。
此外,在本实施方式中,由于采用在基板11形成凹部17并将发光元件13和受光元件14安装于其中的构成,所以仅将基板11的厚度部分地变薄就可进行遮光部21的形成以及发光元件13和受光元件14的配置。因此,与为了谋求光反射器的薄型化而单纯地将基板变薄的情况相比,能保证足够的强度,抑制基板11的挠曲并取得安装发光元件13和受光元件14所需的平面度。此外,由于本实施方式是未设有树脂等制成的遮光壁的构成,因此可削减用于形成遮光壁的机械加工等追加工序。
因此,根据本实施方式,可提高基板11整体的刚性,并且即使从凹部17的底面至基板背面的厚度极其薄也能抑制伴随着难以安装及密封的挠曲问题的产生,从而可以谋求光反射器的封装体的低厚度化(薄型化)。在如图2所示的例子中,与图2(B)的现有例相比较,图2(A)的本实施方式可实现尺寸X的量的低厚度化。
(第二实施方式)
图3是表示本发明的第二实施方式的光反射器的构成的图,图3(A)是从元件的上方观察的俯视图,图3(B)是从侧方观察的侧剖面图。第二实施方式的光反射器10A与图1所示的第一实施方式相比较,是变更了透光性树脂层12的构成的构成例。在第二实施方式中,对与第一实施方式相同或者等同的构成要素标注相同的附图标记,因此省略其说明。
在第二实施方式中,密封发光元件13和受光元件14的透光性树脂层12具有将发光元件13与受光元件14之间分割的狭缝22,构成为通过狭缝22在发光元件13与受光元件14之间形成空气层。狭缝22可通过使用刀片等的切削加工等形成,狭缝22的宽度可通过例如选择刀片的厚度设定为适宜的大小。但是,在不需要设定狭缝22的精细尺寸的情况下,也可以在透光性树脂层12成形时通过模具设置狭缝22。需要说明的是,虽然在图3的例子中狭缝22设置于透光性树脂层12的厚度整体并到达基板11的上端面,但是也可以使狭缝22形成于透光性树脂层12的厚度的一部分。此外,在透光性树脂层12中,也可以由凹部等狭缝以外的构成形成空气层。
图4是示意性地示出了在第二实施方式的光反射器中的光的路径的说明图。在图4中,带箭头的虚线为了理解示意性地示出了光的路径。
在第二实施方式中,通过在透光性树脂层12的发光元件13与受光元件14之间设置狭缝22,可根据透光性树脂层12与空气层的折射率的不同,使通常从发光元件13直接入射至受光元件14的光的一部分在狭缝22的侧壁(透光性树脂层12与空气层的界面)反射。由此,成为减少受光元件14接受的光量的构成。可通过调整狭缝22的宽度从而调整直射光的收发的量。因此,可根据作为传感器的用途、需要的分辨率调整狭缝22的宽度,关于传感器输出相对于检测对象物50与光反射器的相对距离的变化的变化,可确保足够的大小。
图5是表示本实施方式的光反射器的输出与距检测对象物的距离的关系的特性图。在图5中,纵轴设为光反射器的传感器输出,示出了传感器相对输出So的大小,将传感器输出的输出峰值点Sp的输出值(电流值)作为1归一化。横轴示出了距检测对象物(反射物)的距离Lo。传感器相对输出So表示光反射器的输出电流。光反射器将该曲线通过多项式近似从而变换为直线,计算出距检测对象物的距离。
图5所示的各个传感器输出的特性曲线对应于以下的构成例。
A:第一实施方式的构成例(图1(A)、图1(B)、图2(A)的构成)无狭缝
B:第二实施方式的构成例(图3(A)、图3(B)、图4的构成)狭缝宽度小(75μm)
C:第二实施方式的构成例(图3(A)、图3(B)、图4的构成)狭缝宽度中(220μm)
D:第二实施方式的构成例(图3(A)、图3(B)、图4的构成)狭缝宽度大(300μm)
E:比较例(现有例)(图8(A)、图8(B)、图2(B)的构成)
如图5的特性所示,根据本实施方式的构成,与比较例(现有例)相比,传感器输出的输出峰值点可靠近零。作为具体例子,传感器输出的输出峰值点为0.15mm以下,可使检测对象物的位置检测范围移动至接近的位置。在图示例子中,传感器输出的输出峰值点A为0.03mm,B为0.07mm,C为0.08mm,D为0.11mm(比较例E为0.30mm)。
此外,在如第二实施方式那样设置了狭缝的构成的情况下,可通过调整狭缝的宽度来调整传感器输出特性的斜率,即调整相对于距检测对象物的距离的变化的输出变化量。在图示例子中,与狭缝宽度小的B相比,狭缝宽度大的D的传感器输出特性的斜率更大。需要说明的是,传感器输出的输出峰值点的绝对值随着狭缝宽度增大而变小。这种情况下,通过将狭缝宽度设定得较大从而可增大相对于检测对象物的位置变化的输出变化量,使位置检测的分辨率更为精确。
(第三实施方式)
图6是表示本发明的第三实施方式的光反射器的构成的图,图6(A)是从元件的上方观察的俯视图,图6(B)是从侧方观察的侧剖面图。第三实施方式的光反射器10B与图3所示的第二实施方式相比较,是变更了发光元件13和受光元件14的安装构成的构成例。在第三实施方式中,对与第一和第二实施方式相同或者等同的构成要素标注相同的附图标记,因此省略其说明。
在第三实施方式中,发光元件13和受光元件14为由表面安装型芯片形成并通过无引线键合安装于凹部17的底面的构成。需要说明的是,通过表面安装型芯片设置发光元件13以及受光元件14的构成也可适用于图1的第一实施方式、图3的第二实施方式中的任意一个。在第三实施方式的构成中,与第一以及第二实施方式相同,可以在将光反射器薄型化的同时进一步缩短检测距离的限度。
需要说明的是,在第一~第三实施方式的构成中,构成在基板11的凹部17的侧壁部覆盖的金属膜的金属图案19可采用光的反射率高的有光泽的材质,也可采用在凹部17具有反射膜的构成。由此,可将凹部17作为反射镜发挥功能,使受光元件14中的受光量增加。
(第四实施方式)
图7是表示本发明的第四实施方式的光反射器的构成的图,是从元件的侧方观察的侧剖面图。第四实施方式的光反射器10C是发光元件13与受光元件14之间的遮光壁较低地形成的构成例。
在第四实施方式中,基板11是由在硬性绝缘材料制成的板状的基体15覆以导电材料的铜箔16而得到的覆铜板所形成的印刷电路板,是没有凹部的构成。发光元件13和受光元件14分别通过倒装焊接安装于基板11上,这些发光元件13和受光元件14为由透光性树脂层12密封的构造。
在基板11上的发光元件13与受光元件14之间设置有由透光率低的树脂制成的遮光壁23。通过遮光壁23形成遮光部,所述遮光部遮挡在元件之间收发的直射光的一部分。在此,发光元件13和受光元件14与图1所示的第一实施方式相同,发光元件13的上端13a与受光元件14的上端14a的一部分是配置为露出到遮光壁23的上端23a的上方的状态的构造。该构造可通过将透光性树脂层12以及遮光壁23的一部分开槽的构成来实现,与第二实施方式的狭缝22相同,可通过使用刀片等的切削加工等形成。可通过调整遮光壁23的高度来调整在发光元件13与受光元件14的元件间收发的直射光的光量,适宜地设定光反射器的受光元件的输出电平、传感器输出的输出峰值点的距离等。
如第四实施方式那样,即使在由遮光壁23形成遮挡直射光的一部分的遮光部的构成中,也与第一和第二实施方式相同,可进一步缩短检测距离的限度。
如上所述,在第一~第三实施方式的光反射器中,构成为不设置遮光壁而将基板的凹部的侧壁部作为遮光部使用。因此,可通过凹部以外的部分的厚度提高基板的刚性,并且可实现光反射器的小型化。
此外,在本实施方式的光反射器中,即使在检测对象物接近的情况下,也是发光元件的光不被遮光壁遮挡而照射到检测对象物,经检测对象物反射的光不被遮光壁遮挡而入射至受光元件。因此,位置可检测的距离可比以往大幅缩短,可有助于使用光反射器的应用设备的小型化、薄型化。
此外,如第一~第三实施方式那样,在基板的凹部的侧壁部作为遮光部发挥功能的构成中,由于不需要在发光元件与受光元件之间设置遮光壁,因此可削减用于形成遮光壁的追加工序,此外,可实现光反射器的尺寸的小型化。
而且,如第二实施方式那样,对于与根据用途的检测对象物的距离的变化,可通过做成在发光元件与受光元件之间设置规定的宽度的狭缝等而使其具有空气层的构成,调整传感器输出的变化量。例如,在想要增大传感器输出的变化量的情况下,可以通过增加狭缝(空气层)的宽度从而增大传感器输出相对于距离变化的的变化量。如此,可根据光反射器的每次用途的距离检测所需要的分辨率,通过在发光元件与受光元件之间设置的空气层的宽度适宜地调整。
如以上说明那样,根据本实施方式可通过适宜地选择遮光部的高度、透光性树脂层的厚度、发光元件与受光元件的元件之间的距离、以及在发光元件与受光元件之间设置的空气层的宽度,在保持刚性的同时实现低厚度化,能检测比以往更接近的位置的检测对象物。通过本实施方式的构成,可进一步缩短检测距离的限度,能实现可有助于配置空间的缩小化的光反射器。
以上,虽然一边参照附图一边对各种实施方式进行了说明,但是当然本发明并不限于这样的例子。只要是本领域的技术人员,在权利要求书所记载的范畴内,显而易见可以想到各种变更例或者修改例,并且关于这些也应当了解为是属于本发明的技术的范围。此外,在不脱离本发明的宗旨的范围内,可任意地组合上述实施方式中的各构成要素。
产业上的可利用性
本发明可进一步缩短检测距离的限度,具有有助于配置空间的缩小化的效果,对于例如搭载于移动设备等电子设备的光反射器等很有用。
附图标记说明:
10、10A、10B、10C 光反射器
11 基板
12 透光性树脂层
13 发光元件
13a 上端
14 受光元件
14a 上端
15 基体
16 铜箔
17 凹部
18 导通孔
19 金属图案
21 遮光部
22 狭缝
23 遮光壁
23a 上端
50 检测对象物

Claims (5)

1.一种光反射器,其具备:
板状的基板;
安装于所述基板的发光元件和受光元件;
密封所述发光元件和所述受光元件的透光性树脂层;以及
设置于所述发光元件与所述受光元件之间的遮光部,
所述遮光部形成为能使光的一部分在所述发光元件与所述受光元件之间经由所述透光性树脂层直接进行收发的高度。
2.根据权利要求1所述的光反射器,其中,
在密封所述发光元件的透光性树脂层与密封所述受光元件的透光性树脂层之间具有空气层,能使光的一部分在所述发光元件与所述受光元件之间经由所述透光性树脂层以及所述空气层直接进行收发。
3.根据权利要求1或2所述的光反射器,其中,
所述基板具有多个凹部,所述发光元件与所述受光元件配置成分别收纳于所述多个凹部中的一个,由所述发光元件与所述受光元件之间的所述凹部的侧壁部形成所述遮光部。
4.根据权利要求3所述的光反射器,其中,
在配置有所述发光元件或者所述受光元件的所述凹部的至少侧壁部设有反射膜。
5.根据权利要求1至4中任一项所述的光反射器,其中,
所述发光元件的上端以及所述受光元件的上端的一部分位于所述遮光部上端的上方。
CN201580085223.5A 2015-12-08 2015-12-08 光反射器 Pending CN108369969A (zh)

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