CN108362224A - Three coordinate device of contactless planar survey - Google Patents

Three coordinate device of contactless planar survey Download PDF

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Publication number
CN108362224A
CN108362224A CN201810138768.3A CN201810138768A CN108362224A CN 108362224 A CN108362224 A CN 108362224A CN 201810138768 A CN201810138768 A CN 201810138768A CN 108362224 A CN108362224 A CN 108362224A
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CN
China
Prior art keywords
portal frame
sliding block
driving
drive link
transmission mechanism
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Granted
Application number
CN201810138768.3A
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Chinese (zh)
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CN108362224B (en
Inventor
刘飞
吴明雄
张圣明
何春桥
赖俊霖
李佳鑫
谢志江
皮阳军
宋代平
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Chongqing University
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Chongqing University
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Priority to CN201810138768.3A priority Critical patent/CN108362224B/en
Publication of CN108362224A publication Critical patent/CN108362224A/en
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    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01BMEASURING LENGTH, THICKNESS OR SIMILAR LINEAR DIMENSIONS; MEASURING ANGLES; MEASURING AREAS; MEASURING IRREGULARITIES OF SURFACES OR CONTOURS
    • G01B11/00Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of optical techniques
    • G01B11/24Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of optical techniques for measuring contours or curvatures
    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01BMEASURING LENGTH, THICKNESS OR SIMILAR LINEAR DIMENSIONS; MEASURING ANGLES; MEASURING AREAS; MEASURING IRREGULARITIES OF SURFACES OR CONTOURS
    • G01B11/00Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of optical techniques
    • G01B11/002Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of optical techniques for measuring two or more coordinates
    • G01B11/005Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of optical techniques for measuring two or more coordinates coordinate measuring machines

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Length Measuring Devices By Optical Means (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses a kind of three coordinate device of contactless planar survey, including bottom plate, be slidably mounted on along longitudinal direction on bottom plate portal frame, be transversely slidably mounted on portal frame crossbeam sliding block, be fixed on sliding block CCD camera camera lens and projector lens and the drive system for driving portal frame and sliding block to slide;The drive system includes motor, longitudinal transmission mechanism for driving portal frame to slide and the transverse transmission mechanism for driving sliding block, the shaft of the motor is drivingly connected with longitudinal transmission mechanism, and the transverse transmission mechanism is for making sliding block link with portal frame;Driving structure is simple, and installation cost is low, and control accuracy is high, is conducive to improve measurement efficiency, is suitable for contactless planar survey;Direct-on-line measures, and so that measuring speed is fast, easy to operate by digital raster;Three-dimensional point cloud is directly obtained by coordinate transform, does not need data splicing, has high measurement accuracy;It is easy to information integration and management, it can be achieved that intelligent measurement.

Description

Three coordinate device of contactless planar survey
Technical field
The present invention relates to space three-coordinate precise measuring technical fields, and in particular to a kind of three coordinate of contactless planar survey Device.
Background technology
In currently used three-coordinate measuring method, there are contact measurement method and contactless measurement, wherein non- There are image measuring method and laser measurement method again in contact measurement method;Conventional contact measure can not detection object it is dead Angle, and when object under test is flexible, measurement error is very important, decreases measurement accuracy, moreover, contact type measurement is Point measures, and analysis is compared with archetype by measuring more point, process is cumbersome, and speed is slow, existing non- Contact type measurement technology measurement tends not to disposably complete measurement and the model foundation of complex parts.Existing laser triangulation The precision of measurement is easy to receive the precision of optical element itself, environment temperature, the light intensity of laser beam and diameter and be tested The influence of object surface characteristics, and multimetering cannot be carried out at the same time.Three coordinate device method of contactless planar survey is mainly Refer to and be based on optical principle, using the measurement method of planar survey.Usual contactless planar survey controls CCD phases by three coordinate devices Machine camera lens and projector lens are in multiple plane coordinates collection points and carry out data acquisition, and then carry out data processing, and existing Three coordinate devices driven in X-axis and Y direction by the way that different motor and transmission mechanism is arranged, to ensure position control Precision is high so that the control accuracy of motor and transmission mechanism is very high, and drive mechanism is complicated, and installation cost is high, and mostly independent It is relatively poor that driving mechanism easily causes whole control accuracy, meanwhile, the driving of different directions is generally asynchronous so that in data Acquisition keeps speed slower, and working efficiency is relatively low.
Therefore, in order to solve the above problem, a kind of three coordinate device of contactless planar survey is needed, driving structure is simple, dress At low cost, control accuracy height is set, conducive to measurement efficiency is improved, suitable for contactless planar survey.
Invention content
In view of this, the purpose of the present invention is overcoming defect in the prior art, provide contactless planar survey three coordinates Device, driving structure is simple, and installation cost is low, and control accuracy is high, is conducive to improve measurement efficiency, is suitable for contactless face and surveys Amount.
Three coordinate device of contactless planar survey of the present invention, including bottom plate, the dragon that is slidably mounted on along longitudinal direction on bottom plate Door frame, the sliding block being transversely slidably mounted on portal frame crossbeam, the CCD camera camera lens for being fixed on sliding block and projector lens and Drive system for driving portal frame and sliding block to slide;The drive system includes motor, for driving portal frame to slide Longitudinal transmission mechanism and transverse transmission mechanism for driving sliding block, the shaft of the motor drive with longitudinal transmission mechanism Connection, the transverse transmission mechanism is for making sliding block link with portal frame.
Further, the plate upper surface is vertically arranged with guide groove, and the guide groove is for two and transversely arranged side by side Distribution, the longitudinal driving mechanism includes the transmission belt for being divided into different guide grooves, driven roller and use for driving transmission belt In the drive shaft for driving driven roller in different guide grooves, the drive shaft, which is horizontally through two guide grooves and stretches out bottom plate, forms power Input section, the power input section are drivingly connected by one group of reduction gearing and machine shaft;The surface of the transmission belt is fixed Be provided with flexible magnetic tape, two supporting leg bottoms of the portal frame be fixedly installed in magnetic pad and respectively adaptive insertion guide groove with Flexible magnetic tape absorption is fixed.
Further, longitudinally projecting formation bending segment among the crossbeam of the portal frame, the transverse transmission mechanism include The vertical drive link that is rotatably dispose in one supporting leg of portal frame, both ends are rotatablely installed the recess sidewall formed in bending segment respectively Laterally driven leading screw, the rotation drive component for driving vertical drive rod rotation and the transverse direction for driving sliding block transverse shifting Drive component;It is described rotation drive component include circumferentially fixed jacket in vertical drive link driving gear and fix along longitudinal direction It is set to the rack of bottom plate, the driving wheel and rack engagement simultaneously converts the translation of portal frame to turning for vertical drive link Dynamic, the vertical drive link upper end is coordinated by universal joint and laterally driven lead screw transmission;The laterally driven component includes solid It in laterally driven leading screw and laterally urges the pushing block of shift fork due to the shift fork of sliding block, thread jacket, be coated at laterally driven leading screw Gag lever post with the preloading spring of pushing block opposing force and for the rotation of anti-thrust block is applied to shift fork.
Further, the supporting leg side-facing depressions of the portal frame form the holding tank for accommodating driving gear, the driving Gear it is circumferentially fixed by vertically drive link and in axial sliding in a manner of be coated at vertical drive link, the vertical drive link passes through Axial movement is engaged or is detached with entry to realize.
Further, oblique drive link, the oblique transmission are provided between the vertical drive link and laterally driven leading screw The both ends of bar are respectively set universal joint and coordinate with vertical drive link and laterally driven lead screw transmission.
Further, the outer U-lag for being around in laterally driven leading screw is formed on the shift fork.
Further, further include vertical adjustment bar, the vertical adjustment bar extends vertically through sliding block and with adjustable for height side Formula is installed on sliding block, and the CCD camera camera lens and projector's mirror are fixed on the lower end of vertical adjustment bar.
The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows:A kind of three coordinate device of contactless planar survey disclosed by the invention, by will be imperial The bottom of door frame is fixed on bottom plate the transmission belt for being provided with flexible magnetic tape by magnetic pad, and motor drives transmission belt rotation, into And portal frame is driven to slide the position control for realizing X-direction along longitudinal direction, and portal frame is installed on bottom plate by magnetic force, is conducive to X Axis direction initial position is adjusted, and is adjusted and put conveniently, and the transmission ratio that sliding block links with portal frame can be arranged by demand, sliding Block directly links with portal frame, is conducive to synchronous driving, control accuracy is high, and driving structure is simple, and installation cost is low, control accuracy Height is conducive to improve measurement efficiency, is suitable for contactless planar survey;And the X-direction of device and the initial position of Y direction It is adjustable, it is easy to use;
Meanwhile measurement object is unrestricted, can be used for the object under test three-dimensional reconstruction of various patterns;It can be used for disliking for a long time Bad condition, or the case where contact measurement can not be carried out;Direct-on-line measures, and makes measuring speed by digital raster Soon, easy to operate;Three-dimensional point cloud is directly obtained by coordinate transform, need not carry out data splicing, has high measurement accuracy; It is easy to information integration and management, it can be achieved that intelligent measurement.
Description of the drawings
The invention will be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples:
Fig. 1 is the structural diagram of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is the vertical view of Fig. 1.
Specific implementation mode
Fig. 1 is the structural diagram of the present invention, and Fig. 2 is the vertical view of Fig. 1, as shown, non-contact in the present embodiment Three coordinate device of formula planar survey;Including bottom plate 1, the portal frame being slidably mounted on along longitudinal direction on bottom plate 12, transversely it is slidably installed In on 2 crossbeam of portal frame sliding block 3, be fixed on sliding block 3 CCD camera camera lens and projector lens and for driving portal frame 2 And the drive system that sliding block 3 slides;The drive system includes motor, longitudinal transmission mechanism for driving portal frame 2 to slide With the transverse transmission mechanism for driving sliding block 3, the shaft of the motor is drivingly connected with longitudinal transmission mechanism, the cross To transmission mechanism for making sliding block 3 link with portal frame 2;1 upper surface of the bottom plate is vertically arranged with guide groove 4, described to lead To slot 4 be two and transversely simultaneously column distribution, the longitudinal driving mechanism include the transmission belt 5 for being divided into different guide grooves 4, use Driven roller in driving transmission belt 5 and drive shaft 6 for driving driven roller 7 in different guide grooves 4, the drive shaft 6 is laterally Across two guide grooves 4 and stretch out bottom plate 1 formed power input section 6a, the power input section 6a by one group of reduction gearing 8 with 9 shaft of motor is drivingly connected;The surface of the transmission belt 5 is fixedly installed flexible magnetic tape, two supporting leg bottoms of the portal frame 2 It is fixedly installed in magnetic pad 10 and respectively adaptive insertion guide groove 4 and is fixed with flexible magnetic tape absorption;By by the bottom of portal frame 2 The transmission belt 5 for being provided with flexible magnetic tape is fixed on bottom plate 1 in portion by magnetic pad 10, and motor 9 drives transmission belt 5 to rotate, in turn Driving portal frame 2 slides the position control for realizing X-direction along longitudinal direction, and portal frame 2 is installed on bottom plate 1 by magnetic force, is conducive to X Axis direction initial position is adjusted, and is adjusted and put conveniently, and the transmission ratio that sliding block 3 links with portal frame 2 can be arranged by demand, Sliding block 3 directly links with portal frame 2, is conducive to synchronous driving, and the motor 9 is existing servo motor 9, and control accuracy is high, drives Dynamic simple in structure, installation cost is low, and control accuracy is high, is conducive to improve measurement efficiency, is suitable for contactless planar survey;Laterally drive Motivation structure can be existing driving mechanism, and details are not described herein.
In the present embodiment, longitudinally projecting formation bending segment 11 among the crossbeam of the portal frame 2, the transverse direction driver Structure includes that the vertical drive link 12 being rotatably dispose in 2 one supporting leg of portal frame, both ends are rotatablely installed respectively in the formation of bending segment 11 13 side wall of groove laterally driven leading screw 14, for drive vertical drive link 12 rotate rotation drive component and for driving The laterally driven component of 3 transverse shifting of sliding block;The rotation drive component is including circumferentially fixed jacket in vertical drive link 12 Driving gear 15 and be fixedly installed on the rack 16 of bottom plate 1 along longitudinal direction, the driving gear 15 engages with rack 16 and will be imperial The translation of door frame 2 is converted into the rotation of vertical drive link 12, and 12 upper end of the vertical drive link passes through universal joint 17 and laterally drive The dynamic transmission of leading screw 14 cooperation;The laterally driven component includes the shift fork 18 for being fixed on sliding block 3, thread jacket in laterally driven silk Thick stick 14 simultaneously laterally urges the pushing block 19 of shift fork 18, is coated at laterally driven leading screw 14 to the application of shift fork 18 and 19 opposing force of pushing block Preloading spring 20 and the gag lever post 21 rotated for anti-thrust block 19;Stable transmission, it is compact-sized.
In the present embodiment, the supporting leg side-facing depressions of the portal frame 2 form the holding tank 22 for accommodating driving gear 15, The driving gear 15 it is circumferentially fixed by vertically drive link 12 and in axial sliding in a manner of be coated at vertical drive link 12, it is described Vertical drive link 12 is engaged or is detached with entry to realize by moving axially;Make itself and tooth by moving up driving gear 15 Item 16 detaches, and is conducive to the initial position in separately adjustable Y-axis direction, simple in structure easy to adjust.
In the present embodiment, oblique drive link is provided between the vertical drive link 12 and laterally driven leading screw 14, it is described The both ends of oblique drive link 23 are respectively set universal joint 17 and coordinate with vertical drive link 12 and the transmission of laterally driven leading screw 14.
The outer U-lag for being around in laterally driven leading screw 14 is formed in the present embodiment, on the shift fork 18;Driving is stablized, and is avoided Locking.
Further include vertical adjustment bar 24 in the present embodiment, the vertical adjustment bar 24 extends vertically through sliding block 3 and with height Adjustable mode is installed on sliding block 3, and the CCD camera camera lens and projector's mirror are fixed on the lower end of vertical adjustment bar 24;It is described Lock-screw is provided on sliding block 3, the lock-screw is by axial rotary movement and top pressure is in the side wall of vertical adjustment bar 24 It realizes and fixes.
In the present embodiment, further includes a kind of working method of three coordinate device of contactless planar survey, include the following steps:
(1) setting that coordinate origin is carried out to above-mentioned three coordinate device, establishes reference frame.
(2) initialization calibration is carried out to industrial CCD camera so that object under test image is transferred to camera, interior come what is determined Portion's parameter and distortion factor;
(3) it is adjusted by changing the X-direction position of crossbeam and the Y-direction of measuring table, according to the determinand of different height, Subpoint and the camera image collection point of different height and angle are chosen, measurement and the data acquisition of multiposition point are carried out;
(4) image of extraction effective coverage carries out integrated treatment, and numerous objects under test three are obtained according to optical triangulation theory Point cloud data is tieed up, is handled by the informix of different location, rebuilds the practical three-D profile of determinand.
Wherein in step (2), it is preferable that the four step phases using three groups of different frequencies are obtained as raster image phase main value Computational methods;Preferably, non-to reduce raster image using the general phase error compensation algorithm based on phase error look-up table Phase error caused by sineization;Measurement object is unrestricted, can be used for the object under test three-dimensional reconstruction of various patterns;It can be used for Prolonged mal-condition, or the case where contact measurement can not be carried out;Direct-on-line measures, and is made by digital raster Measuring speed is fast, easy to operate;Three-dimensional point cloud is directly obtained by coordinate transform, is not required to carry out data splicing, has high survey Accuracy of measurement;It is easy to information integration and management, it can be achieved that intelligent measurement
Finally illustrate, the above examples are only used to illustrate the technical scheme of the present invention and are not limiting, although with reference to compared with Good embodiment describes the invention in detail, it will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that, it can be to the skill of the present invention Art scheme is modified or replaced equivalently, and without departing from the objective and range of technical solution of the present invention, should all be covered at this In the right of invention.

Claims (7)

1. a kind of three coordinate device of contactless planar survey, it is characterised in that:Including bottom plate, along longitudinal direction it is slidably mounted on bottom plate Portal frame, be transversely slidably mounted on portal frame crossbeam sliding block, be fixed on the CCD camera camera lens and projector's mirror of sliding block Head and drive system for driving portal frame and sliding block to slide;The drive system includes motor, for driving portal frame to slide Dynamic longitudinal transmission mechanism and the transverse transmission mechanism for driving sliding block, the shaft of the motor and longitudinal transmission mechanism It is drivingly connected, the transverse transmission mechanism is for making sliding block link with portal frame.
2. three coordinate device of contactless planar survey according to claim 1, it is characterised in that:The plate upper surface edge It is vertically arranged with guide groove, the guide groove is two and transversely simultaneously column distribution, the longitudinal driving mechanism include being divided into The transmission belt of different guide grooves, the driven roller for driving transmission belt and the driving for driving driven roller in different guide grooves Axis, the drive shaft, which is horizontally through two guide grooves and stretches out bottom plate, forms power input section, and the power input section passes through one group Reduction gearing is drivingly connected with machine shaft;The surface of the transmission belt is fixedly installed flexible magnetic tape, and the two of the portal frame Supporting leg bottom is fixedly installed in magnetic pad and respectively adaptive insertion guide groove and is fixed with flexible magnetic tape absorption.
3. three coordinate device of contactless planar survey according to claim 2, it is characterised in that:The crossbeam of the portal frame Intermediate longitudinally projecting formation bending segment, the transverse transmission mechanism includes the vertical biography being rotatably dispose in one supporting leg of portal frame Lever, both ends are rotatablely installed the laterally driven leading screw of the recess sidewall formed in bending segment, for driving vertical drive link respectively The rotation drive component of rotation and the laterally driven component for driving sliding block transverse shifting;The rotation drive component includes edge The circumferentially fixed driving gear for being coated at vertical drive link and the rack for being fixedly installed on bottom plate along longitudinal direction, the driving gear with Rack engages and converts the translation of portal frame to the rotation of vertical drive link, the vertical drive link upper end by universal joint and Laterally driven lead screw transmission cooperation;The laterally driven component includes the shift fork for being fixed on sliding block, thread jacket in laterally driven Leading screw and laterally urge the pushing block of shift fork, be coated at laterally driven leading screw to shift fork apply with the preloading spring of pushing block opposing force and Gag lever post for the rotation of anti-thrust block.
4. three coordinate device of contactless planar survey according to claim 3, it is characterised in that:The supporting leg of the portal frame Side-facing depressions form the holding tank for accommodating driving gear, and the driving gear is circumferentially fixed and axial with vertically drive link The mode of sliding is coated at vertical drive link, and the vertical drive link is engaged or detached with entry to realize by moving axially.
5. three coordinate device of contactless planar survey according to claim 4, it is characterised in that:The vertical drive link and Oblique drive link is provided between laterally driven leading screw, the both ends of the oblique drive link are respectively set universal joint and are passed with vertical Lever and the cooperation of laterally driven lead screw transmission.
6. three coordinate device of contactless planar survey according to claim 5, it is characterised in that:It is formed on the shift fork outer It is around in the U-lag of laterally driven leading screw.
7. three coordinate device of contactless planar survey according to claim 6, it is characterised in that:It further include vertical adjustment Bar, the vertical adjustment bar are extended vertically through sliding block and are installed on sliding block in a manner of adjustable for height, the CCD camera camera lens and Projector's mirror is fixed on the lower end of vertical adjustment bar.
CN201810138768.3A 2018-02-11 2018-02-11 Contactless three coordinate device of planar survey Active CN108362224B (en)

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