CN108327853B - Buoy capable of changing detection depth - Google Patents

Buoy capable of changing detection depth Download PDF

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Publication number
CN108327853B
CN108327853B CN201810267546.1A CN201810267546A CN108327853B CN 108327853 B CN108327853 B CN 108327853B CN 201810267546 A CN201810267546 A CN 201810267546A CN 108327853 B CN108327853 B CN 108327853B
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sail
control system
buoy
motor
frame
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CN108327853A (en
Inventor
金魏芳
丁涛
梁楚进
周蓓锋
陈小燕
蔺飞龙
祝丽娟
胡俊洋
张骞
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Second Institute of Oceanography MNR
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Second Institute of Oceanography MNR
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
    • B63B—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; EQUIPMENT FOR SHIPPING 
    • B63B22/00—Buoys
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
    • B63B—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; EQUIPMENT FOR SHIPPING 
    • B63B22/00—Buoys
    • B63B22/18—Buoys having means to control attitude or position, e.g. reaction surfaces or tether
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
    • H02J7/34—Parallel operation in networks using both storage and other DC sources, e.g. providing buffering
    • H02J7/35—Parallel operation in networks using both storage and other DC sources, e.g. providing buffering with light sensitive cells
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
    • B63B—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; EQUIPMENT FOR SHIPPING 
    • B63B22/00—Buoys
    • B63B2022/006—Buoys specially adapted for measuring or watch purposes

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Ocean & Marine Engineering (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Toys (AREA)
  • Jib Cranes (AREA)

Abstract

本发明具体涉及一种能够改变探测深度的浮标，包括浮标主体、控制系统、升降装置，升降装置包括变速器、传感器和第二绕线器，控制系统分别与传感器、变速器连接，变速器与第二绕线器连接，传感器位于浮标主体底部设有的第二开口处。本发明通过控制系统控制变速器使第二绕线器转动，再带动传感器的升降，来改变探测深度，传感器可通过第二开口下到海面以下进行探测，探测范围广，灵活性好。

The invention specifically relates to a buoy capable of changing the detection depth, which includes a buoy body, a control system, and a lifting device. The lifting device includes a transmission, a sensor and a second winder. The control system is connected to the sensor and the transmission respectively, and the transmission is connected to the second winding device. The sensor is connected to the wire connector, and the sensor is located at the second opening provided at the bottom of the buoy body. The invention controls the transmission through the control system to rotate the second winder, and then drives the sensor up and down to change the detection depth. The sensor can go down to the sea surface for detection through the second opening, and has a wide detection range and good flexibility.

Description

一种能够改变探测深度的浮标A buoy capable of changing the depth of detection

技术领域Technical field

本发明涉及海洋观测领域，具体涉及一种能够改变探测深度的浮标。The invention relates to the field of ocean observation, and in particular to a buoy capable of changing the detection depth.

背景技术Background technique

现有海洋观测浮标的技术方案基本为固定深度探测，少有能够改变探测深度的浮标，即便有，也是利用复杂的结构实现浮标的潜浮功能，或者人工现场实现，耗费大量人力物力。The existing technical solutions for ocean observation buoys are basically fixed-depth detection. There are few buoys that can change the detection depth. Even if they are, they use complex structures to realize the submersible and buoyant functions of the buoys, or implement them manually on site, which consumes a lot of manpower and material resources.

发明内容Contents of the invention

为了克服现有技术的缺陷，本发明提供了一种能够改变探测深度的浮标，扩大了观测范围，灵活性好。In order to overcome the shortcomings of the existing technology, the present invention provides a buoy capable of changing the detection depth, expanding the observation range and having good flexibility.

针对上述技术问题，本发明是这样加以解决的：一种能够改变探测深度的浮标，包括浮标主体、控制系统、升降装置，升降装置包括变速器、传感器和第二绕线器，控制系统分别与传感器、变速器连接，变速器与第二绕线器连接，传感器位于浮标主体底部设有的第二开口处。In view of the above technical problems, the present invention is solved as follows: a buoy capable of changing the detection depth, including a buoy body, a control system, and a lifting device. The lifting device includes a transmission, a sensor, and a second winder. The control system is connected to the sensor respectively. , the transmission is connected, the transmission is connected with the second winder, and the sensor is located at the second opening provided at the bottom of the buoy body.

本发明通过控制系统控制变速器使第二绕线器转动，再带动传感器的升降，来改变探测深度，传感器可通过第二开口下到海面以下进行探测，探测范围广，灵活性好。The invention controls the transmission through the control system to rotate the second winder, and then drives the sensor up and down to change the detection depth. The sensor can go down to the sea surface for detection through the second opening, and has a wide detection range and good flexibility.

进一步地，还包括动力装置，所述动力装置包括螺旋桨、方向舵以及第三电机；所述螺旋桨与控制系统连接，安装在浮标主体的后面；所述方向舵安装在浮标主体后面，位于螺旋桨后方；所述第三电机分别与方向舵和控制系统连接。Further, it also includes a power device, which includes a propeller, a rudder and a third motor; the propeller is connected to the control system and is installed behind the buoy body; the rudder is installed behind the buoy body and is located behind the propeller; The third motor is connected to the rudder and the control system respectively.

进一步地，还包括风帆结构，所述风帆结构包括风帆架、风帆、第一电机、第一绕线器；所述风帆架贯穿于浮标主体上方，风帆、第一电机和第一绕线器均安装在风帆架上，第一电机分别与控制系统和第一绕线器连接，第一绕线器通过线路连接风帆。通过风帆的辅助能够减少能耗。Further, it also includes a sail structure, which includes a sail frame, a sail, a first motor, and a first winder; the sail frame runs through the top of the buoy body, and the sail, the first motor, and the first winder all Installed on the sail frame, the first motor is connected to the control system and the first winder respectively, and the first winder is connected to the sail through lines. Energy consumption can be reduced through the assistance of sails.

进一步地，所述风帆架包括贯穿于浮标主体上方的框架、安装在框架内的第一升降架；所述风帆安装在第一升降架中，沿第一升降架上下移动；所述第一电机和第一绕线器安装在第一升降架上方。Further, the sail frame includes a frame that runs through the top of the buoy body and a first lifting frame installed in the frame; the sail is installed in the first lifting frame and moves up and down along the first lifting frame; the first motor and the first winder is installed above the first lifting frame.

进一步地，所述第一升降架包括安装在框架两侧的两根导杆以及安装在框架上的顶梁，顶梁位于两根导杆的上方，两根导杆设有导槽，风帆的两侧安装在导槽中；第一电机和第一绕线器安装在顶梁上。Further, the first lifting frame includes two guide rods installed on both sides of the frame and a top beam installed on the frame. The top beam is located above the two guide rods. The two guide rods are provided with guide grooves. Both sides are installed in the guide groove; the first motor and the first winder are installed on the top beam.

进一步地，还包括水帆结构，所述水帆结构包括第二电机、第二升降架、水帆，所述浮标主体底部设有第一开口；所述水帆安装在第二升降架上；所述第二电机与控制系统连接；所述第二升降架设在浮标主体底部的第一开口处，还与第二电机通过齿轮啮合连接。通过轮齿间的转动，使第二升降架上升或下降，令水帆放下或收起。通过水帆的辅助能够减少能耗。Further, it also includes a water sail structure, which includes a second motor, a second lifting frame, and a water sail. The bottom of the buoy body is provided with a first opening; the water sail is installed on the second lifting frame; The second motor is connected to the control system; the second lift is installed at the first opening at the bottom of the buoy body, and is also connected to the second motor through gear meshing. Through the rotation between the gear teeth, the second lifting frame is raised or lowered, and the water sail is lowered or stowed. Energy consumption can be reduced through the assistance of water sails.

进一步地，还包括与控制系统连接的传感设备，传感设备用于探测风速、风向、水速和水流方向。Further, it also includes a sensing device connected to the control system, and the sensing device is used to detect wind speed, wind direction, water speed and water flow direction.

进一步地，所述传感设备包括与控制系统连接的风速风向仪以及水速水向仪。Further, the sensing equipment includes a wind speed and direction meter and a water speed and direction meter connected to the control system.

进一步地，还包括电力装置，电力装置包括相互连接的电池、太阳能板，太阳能板设在浮标主体上方，电池与控制系统连接。海上太阳能资源丰富，无高空物体遮挡阳光，因此设置太阳能板能够充分利用太阳能资源，提高浮标续航能力。Further, it also includes a power device, which includes interconnected batteries and solar panels. The solar panels are located above the buoy body, and the batteries are connected to the control system. There are abundant solar energy resources at sea, and there are no high-altitude objects to block the sunlight. Therefore, setting up solar panels can make full use of solar resources and improve the buoy's endurance.

进一步地，所述电力装置还包括相互连接的油箱和发电机，所述发电机和电池连接。油箱结合发电机，能够提供更高的续航能力和更快的移动速度，增大浮标的活动范围。Further, the power device further includes a fuel tank and a generator connected to each other, and the generator is connected to the battery. The fuel tank combined with the generator can provide higher endurance and faster movement speed, and increase the range of activity of the buoy.

相比于现有技术，本发明的有益效果在于：本发明通过控制系统控制变速器使第二绕线器转动，再带动传感器的升降，来改变探测深度，传感器可通过第二开口下到海面以下进行探测，探测范围广，灵活性好。Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effect of the present invention is that: the present invention controls the transmission through the control system to rotate the second winder, and then drives the sensor to rise and fall to change the detection depth. The sensor can go down to the sea surface through the second opening. Detection has a wide detection range and good flexibility.

附图说明Description of the drawings

图1是本发明的截面图。Figure 1 is a cross-sectional view of the present invention.

图2是图1中向右的B-B的剖视图。FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view taken along line B-B in FIG. 1 .

图3是图1中向右的C-C的剖视图。FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view taken along C-C in FIG. 1 to the right.

图4是图1中向下的A-A的剖视图。FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view taken downwardly along line A-A in FIG. 1 .

图5是本发明在风帆收起状态下的立体图。Figure 5 is a perspective view of the present invention when the sail is stowed.

图6是本发明在风帆升起状态下的立体图。Figure 6 is a perspective view of the invention in a raised state of the sail.

图7是本发明在水帆和传感器下放状态下的立体图。Figure 7 is a perspective view of the present invention with the water sail and sensor in a lowered state.

具体实施方式Detailed ways

下面根据具体实施例和附图对本发明进行详细地说明。The present invention will be described in detail below based on specific embodiments and drawings.

实施例Example

如图1至图7所示的一种浮标，包括浮标主体0、控制系统11、传感器升降装置、电力装置、动力装置、传感设备、风帆结构以及水帆结构，浮标主体0形状为船型。A buoy shown in Figures 1 to 7 includes a buoy body 0, a control system 11, a sensor lifting device, an electric device, a power device, a sensing device, a sail structure and a water sail structure. The buoy body 0 is shaped like a ship.

电力装置，包括：油箱2；发电机4，与油箱2连接；电池3，分别与发电机2和控制系统11连接；太阳能板1，与电池3连接，安装在浮标主体0的上方。The power device includes: fuel tank 2; generator 4, connected to the fuel tank 2; battery 3, connected to the generator 2 and the control system 11 respectively; solar panel 1, connected to the battery 3, installed above the buoy body 0.

风帆结构，包括：Sail structures, including:

风帆架，包括贯穿于浮标主体0上方的框架12、安装在框架12内的第一升降架和安装在框架12上方的顶架16，第一升降架包括安装在框架12两侧的两根导杆13以及安装在框架12上的顶梁15，顶梁15位于两根导杆13的上方，两根导杆13设有导槽（图中未示出）；The sail frame includes a frame 12 that runs through the top of the buoy body 0, a first lifting frame installed in the frame 12, and a top frame 16 installed above the frame 12. The first lifting frame includes two guides installed on both sides of the frame 12. The rod 13 and the top beam 15 installed on the frame 12, the top beam 15 is located above the two guide rods 13, and the two guide rods 13 are provided with guide grooves (not shown in the figure);

风帆20，其两侧安装在两根导杆13的导槽中；The sail 20 is installed on both sides in the guide grooves of the two guide rods 13;

第一电机14，与控制系统11连接，安装在顶梁15上；The first motor 14 is connected to the control system 11 and installed on the top beam 15;

第一绕线器21，与第一电机14连接，安装在顶梁15上。The first winder 21 is connected to the first motor 14 and installed on the top beam 15 .

水帆结构，包括：Water sail structures, including:

第二电机23，与控制系统11连接；The second motor 23 is connected to the control system 11;

第二升降架5，与第二电机23通过齿轮啮合连接，安装在浮标主体0底部设有的第一开口25处；The second lifting frame 5 is connected to the second motor 23 through gear meshing and is installed at the first opening 25 provided at the bottom of the buoy body 0;

水帆19，安装在第二升降架5底部，具体为两块方形金属片。The water sail 19 is installed at the bottom of the second lifting frame 5 and is specifically two square metal sheets.

动力装置，包括：螺旋桨8，与控制系统11连接，安装在浮标主体0后面；方向舵9，安装在浮标主体0后面，位于螺旋桨8后方；第三电机10，分别与方向舵9和控制系统11连接。The power device includes: propeller 8, connected to the control system 11, installed behind the buoy body 0; rudder 9, installed behind the buoy body 0, located behind the propeller 8; third motor 10, connected to the rudder 9 and the control system 11 respectively .

升降装置，包括：Lifting devices, including:

变速器24，与控制系统11连接；Transmission 24, connected to the control system 11;

传感器22，与控制系统11连接，位于浮标主体0底部设有的第二开口26处，具体为温盐深传感器；The sensor 22 is connected to the control system 11 and is located at the second opening 26 provided at the bottom of the buoy body 0, specifically a temperature and salt depth sensor;

第二绕线器7，与变速器24连接，还通过线路与传感器22连接。The second winder 7 is connected to the transmission 24 and is also connected to the sensor 22 through lines.

传感设备，包括：Sensing equipment, including:

风速风向仪18，安装在顶架16上；Wind speed and direction meter 18, installed on the top frame 16;

水速水向仪6，安装在浮标主体0底部，具体为ADCP，即声学多普勒流速剖面仪。The water speed and direction meter 6 is installed at the bottom of the buoy body 0, specifically an ADCP, that is, an acoustic Doppler flow profiler.

本实施例还包括与控制系统11连接的通信天线17。This embodiment also includes a communication antenna 17 connected to the control system 11 .

本实施例的工作原理为：控制系统11通过通信天线17将风速风向仪18、ADCP测得的风速、风向、水速、水向数据发送到远程控制端，当远程控制端需要浮标进行移动作业时，则通过通信天线17向控制系统11发送控制信号，控制系统11通过第三电机10控制方向舵9，并结合对螺旋桨8的控制，使得浮标向既定方向前行。The working principle of this embodiment is: the control system 11 sends the wind speed, wind direction, water speed and water direction data measured by the wind speed and direction meter 18 and ADCP to the remote control terminal through the communication antenna 17. When the remote control terminal needs the buoy to move , the control signal is sent to the control system 11 through the communication antenna 17, and the control system 11 controls the rudder 9 through the third motor 10, combined with the control of the propeller 8, so that the buoy moves forward in the predetermined direction.

如果控制系统11获取得到的风向数据与所要行驶的方向大致相同，则通过第一电机14转动第一绕线器21，使风帆20升起；如果控制系统11获取得到的水向数据与所要行驶的方向大致相同，则通过第二电机23转动第二升降架5，放下水帆19。在风向和水向都适宜的情况下，如果控制系统11获取得到的风速和水速的合速度越快，螺旋桨8的转动也越慢，节省能耗，提高续航能力。If the wind direction data obtained by the control system 11 is approximately the same as the desired driving direction, the first motor 14 rotates the first winder 21 to raise the sail 20; if the water direction data obtained by the control system 11 is consistent with the desired driving direction The directions are roughly the same, then the second lifting frame 5 is rotated by the second motor 23 and the water sail 19 is lowered. When the wind direction and water direction are suitable, if the combined speed of the wind speed and water speed obtained by the control system 11 is faster, the rotation of the propeller 8 will be slower, saving energy consumption and improving endurance.

浮标到达预定地点后，如果水向和风向大致相反，但是水速较强，控制系统11使风帆20升起并收起水帆19，相反，若风速较强，则控制系统11放下水帆19并收起风帆20，使得浮标能较好地停留在预定地点，稳定性好。After the buoy reaches the predetermined location, if the water direction and wind direction are roughly opposite, but the water speed is strong, the control system 11 raises the sail 20 and retracts the water sail 19. On the contrary, if the wind speed is strong, the control system 11 lowers the water sail 19 And retract the sail 20, so that the buoy can stay at the predetermined location better and has good stability.

控制系统11通过通信天线17接收探测深度的数据，并控制变速器24使第二绕线器7转动，使温盐深传感器下放到与探测深度对应处。The control system 11 receives the data of the detection depth through the communication antenna 17, and controls the transmission 24 to rotate the second winder 7, so that the temperature and salt depth sensor is lowered to a position corresponding to the detection depth.

Claims (8)

1. The buoy capable of changing the detection depth is characterized by comprising a buoy main body, a control system and a lifting device, wherein the lifting device comprises a speed changer, a sensor and a second winder;
the wind sail structure comprises a wind sail frame, a wind sail, a first motor and a first winder; the wind sail frame penetrates through the upper portion of the buoy main body, the wind sail, the first motor and the first winder are all arranged on the wind sail frame, the first motor is respectively connected with the control system and the first winder, and the first winder is connected with the wind sail through a line;
the water sail structure comprises a second motor, a second lifting frame and a water sail, wherein a first opening is formed in the bottom of the buoy main body, the water sail is arranged at the bottom of the second lifting frame and is made of two square metal sheets, the second motor is connected with the control system, and the second lifting frame is arranged at the first opening at the bottom of the buoy main body and is further connected with the second motor through gear engagement;
if the wind direction data acquired by the control system is approximately the same as the direction to be travelled, the first winder is rotated by the first motor, so that the sail is lifted; if the water direction data acquired by the control system are approximately the same as the running direction, the second lifting frame is rotated by the second motor, and the water sail is put down; after the buoy reaches a preset place, if the water direction and the wind direction are approximately opposite, but the water speed is high, the control system enables the sail to be lifted and retracted, and if the wind speed is high, the control system lowers the sail and retracts the sail.
2. A buoy capable of changing the detection depth according to claim 1, further comprising a power device comprising a propeller, a rudder and a third motor; the propeller is connected with the control system and is arranged at the rear of the buoy main body; the rudder is arranged at the rear of the buoy main body and is positioned at the rear of the propeller; the third motor is respectively connected with the rudder and the control system.
3. A buoy capable of changing the detection depth according to claim 2, characterized in that the sail frame comprises a frame penetrating above the buoy body, a first crane mounted in the frame; the sail is arranged in the first lifting frame and moves up and down along the first lifting frame; the first motor and the first winder are mounted above the first lifting frame.
4. A buoy capable of changing the detection depth according to claim 3, wherein the first lifting frame comprises two guide rods arranged on two sides of the frame and a top beam arranged on the frame, the top beam is arranged above the two guide rods, the two guide rods are provided with guide grooves, and two sides of the sail are arranged in the guide grooves; the first motor and the first winder are mounted on the top beam.
5. A buoy capable of varying the detection depth according to any one of claims 1-4, further comprising sensing means connected to the control system for detecting wind speed, wind direction, water speed and water flow direction.
6. A buoy capable of varying the detection depth according to claim 5, characterized in that the sensing device comprises an anemometer connected to a control system and a water velocity-water meter.
7. A buoy capable of varying the detection depth according to claim 1, further comprising an electrical device comprising a battery, a solar panel, the solar panel being arranged above the buoy body, the battery being connected to the control system.
8. A buoy capable of varying the detection depth according to claim 7, characterized in that the power device further comprises an interconnected oil tank and generator, which generator is connected to a battery.
CN201810267546.1A 2018-03-28 2018-03-28 Buoy capable of changing detection depth Active CN108327853B (en)

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CN109878638A (en) * 2019-03-26 2019-06-14 中国海洋大学 A buoy system for on-site observation of 3D profile structure of ocean eddies
CN110001885B (en) * 2019-04-28 2024-06-11 闽江学院 Automatic-shifting navigation mark lamp boat and implementation method thereof
CN110057747B (en) * 2019-05-24 2021-12-14 中国船舶科学研究中心（中国船舶重工集团公司第七0二研究所） Can realize throwing corrosion test device of appearance deep water alternating

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