CN108324951B - 一种精氨酸脱亚胺酶注射剂及其制备方法 - Google Patents

一种精氨酸脱亚胺酶注射剂及其制备方法 Download PDF

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CN108324951B
CN108324951B CN201810338891.XA CN201810338891A CN108324951B CN 108324951 B CN108324951 B CN 108324951B CN 201810338891 A CN201810338891 A CN 201810338891A CN 108324951 B CN108324951 B CN 108324951B
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薛剑峰
范红娟
单建华
郭映涛
钟正明
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Abstract

本发明提供一种精氨酸脱亚胺酶注射剂,其中,所述注射剂包含以下组分:浓度为5~20mg/ml的聚乙二醇修饰的精氨酸脱亚胺酶;浓度为1~300mM的醋酸盐缓冲液;和浓度为0.1~9.0g/L的渗透压调节剂NaCl;所述注射剂的pH为4.0~6.5。本发明的注射剂能保护聚乙二醇化精氨酸脱亚胺酶蛋白在水溶液中能长期稳定,能够保存较长时间且效价稳定。

Description

一种精氨酸脱亚胺酶注射剂及其制备方法
技术领域
本发明属于生物制药领域,涉及一种精氨酸脱亚胺酶注射剂,本发明还涉及所述精氨酸脱亚胺酶注射剂的制备方法。
背景技术
精氨酸是一种可以在哺乳动物体内自然产生的非必需氨基酸,它参与组织细胞蛋白质、尿素、肌酸、肌酐、一氧化氮(NO)、谷氨酰胺、嘧啶等的合成。正常的细胞可以依赖精氨酰琥珀酸合成酶利用瓜氨酸合成精氨酸。然而在某些肿瘤细胞,如肝癌细胞、黑色素瘤细胞中,精氨酰琥珀酸合成酶通路缺失,无法自身合成精氨酸,只能依赖外源的精氨酸存活,而当外源精氨酸缺乏时,肿瘤细胞就会被“饿死”,增殖受到抑制。这一特点为治疗精氨酸依赖的肿瘤提供了新思路,即通过降低血清中精氨酸的水平、阻断外源精氨酸供给,造成肿瘤细胞营养缺乏,实现特异性的抑制肿瘤细胞增殖。精氨酸脱亚胺酶(Arginine Deiminase,ADI)是一类具有水解精氨酸活性的蛋白酶。ADI存在广泛,包括产气荚膜索状芽孢杆菌、恶臭假单胞菌、人型支原体、精氨酸支原体等均能合成ADI蛋白。但对于临床应用而言,这些微生物来源的ADI属于异源蛋白,直接应用于人体会产生中和抗体,造成半衰期短、活性下将及免疫反应等不良后果。为了克服这一缺陷,美国Polaris制药公司开发了聚乙二醇修饰的ADI(ADI-PEG),使用分子量为20kDa的SS-PEG对重组表达的ADI进行修饰,修饰后的分子很好地保持了酶的活性,同时封闭了抗原表位,中和抗体产生的水平也显著下降。此外,ADI-PEG分子的半衰期也由修饰前的4-5个小时延长至5-7天。目前,ADI-PEG正在进行肝癌、间脾瘤的临床试验,显示了良好的临床效果和应用前景。但是,作为一个多位点PEG修饰的重组酶蛋白,ADI-PEG药物的开发和产业化需要解决储存、运输和使用过程中酶活性损失、PEG脱落等影响药效和质量的关键因素。这就需要对不同的制剂处方进行比较和研究,筛选能够最大限度保持活性和蛋白分子状态的处方组成。
发明内容
本发明的目的是通过对酶活性和PEG脱落两个关键指标的检测,对ADI-PEG的制剂处方进行更多和范围更大的筛选,提供一种可以长时间保持蛋白稳定性和活性、更适合临床应用的制剂处方组成。本发明的注射剂由长效精氨酸脱亚胺酶、缓冲液和渗透压调节剂组成。本发明提供的精氨酸脱亚胺酶注射剂有效地避免了精氨酸脱亚胺酶由于盐、pH和温度的影响而导致地物理变化和化学变化。
一方面,本发明提供了一种精氨酸脱亚胺酶注射剂,其中,所述注射剂包含以下组分:
浓度为5~20mg/ml的聚乙二醇修饰的精氨酸脱亚胺酶;
浓度为1~300mM的醋酸盐缓冲液;和
浓度为0.1~9.0g/L的渗透压调节剂NaCl;
所述注射剂的pH为4.0~6.5。
优选地,所述聚乙二醇为20kDa的SS-PEG(聚乙二醇二琥珀酰亚胺琥珀酸酯)
根据治疗有效量确定聚乙二醇修饰的精氨酸脱亚胺注射剂的浓度,优选地,所述聚乙二醇修饰的精氨酸脱亚胺酶注射剂为肌肉注射剂,所述肌肉注射剂中聚乙二醇修饰的精氨酸脱亚胺酶浓度为9~13mg/ml;
优选地,所述肌肉注射剂的注射量为3.8ml。
优选地,所述醋酸盐缓冲液的浓度为2~100mM,更优选地为5~20mM,进一步优选地为10mM。
优选地,所述注射剂的pH为6.0。
优选地,所述渗透压调节剂NaCl的浓度为6.0~9.0g/L,更优选地为7.5g/L。
优选地,所述精氨酸脱亚胺酶注射剂存储于玻璃瓶中;
优选地,所述精氨酸脱亚胺酶注射剂的给药方式为肌肉注射给药。
与现有技术相比,本发明的聚乙二醇化精氨酸脱亚胺酶注射剂具有以下优点:
1)申请人发现,PEG的脱落程度与聚乙二醇化精氨酸脱亚胺酶注射剂的pH相关,缓冲体系的pH越高,PEG脱落越严重。而同样pH条件下,不同缓冲液的活性损失存在差异,醋酸盐缓冲液中,蛋白最稳定,活性保持最好。
2)由于本发明的聚乙二醇化精氨酸脱亚胺酶蛋白敏感性受温度、pH等环境因素影响,故注射剂需选择低温储藏的方式保存。考虑辅料会与蛋白发生相互作用影响制剂的安全性和有效性,本发明中注射剂使用的辅料种类和用量较少。
3)本发明筛选的不同缓冲液均表明pH6.5以下的的聚乙二醇化精氨酸脱亚胺酶注射剂可以以冻干粉针剂或者液体形式存储并使用,相对于冻干粉针剂和小容量注射剂两种,其中注射剂使用起来更方便。
附图说明
以下,结合附图来详细说明本发明的实施方案,其中:
图1为根据本发明的方法制备的聚乙二醇化精氨酸脱亚胺酶注射剂在37℃静置条件下蛋白活性的变化;
图2为根据本发明的方法制备的聚乙二醇化精氨酸脱亚胺酶注射剂在37℃静置条件下脱落PEG的变化。
具体实施方式
下面结合具体实施方式对本发明进行进一步的详细描述,给出的实施例仅为了阐明本发明,而不是为了限制本发明的范围。
除非特别说明,本发明方法中使用的化学试剂均可以市售获得。
实施例1PEG-ADI的制备
将带有人支原体精氨酸脱亚胺酶基因的大肠杆菌表达菌株(购自北京康禾科创生物科技开发有限公司)接种到含有3L LB培养基的5L发酵罐中进行发酵培养,当菌液OD600达到20时,加入诱导剂IPTG至终浓度0.5mM,诱导6~8小时,诱导结束后离心收集菌体。取一定质量的湿菌,按5g/100ml的比例用洗涤液(20mM PB,pH7.5)重悬混匀,用高压匀浆机(ATS公司的AH1500高压匀质机)900bar压力高压破碎3次。将破碎后的匀浆液7000rpm离心30min,收集沉淀获得包涵体。
称取精氨酸脱亚胺酶的包涵体,按1g/15ml的比例用变性液(10mM PB,6M盐酸胍,pH7.0)溶解1h,按1:100的比例滴加复性液(10mM PB,pH7.0),溶液于4℃静置48h。将复性液用10000rpm离心10min,收集上清。
上清液用Q Bestarose FF柱(博格隆生物技术有限公司,AI0021)进行纯化。其中,Q Bestarose FF平衡缓冲液为10mM PB,pH 8.5,Q Bestarose FF洗脱缓冲液为10mM PB,1MNaCl,pH 8.5。上样结束,Q Bestarose FF平衡缓冲液冲洗2-3个柱体积后,做0%-100%的线性,收集洗脱峰。
往洗脱液中按一定的比例加入SS-PEG20k(Sunbio公司),25℃、搅拌状态下反应30分钟。将反应产物PEG-ADI用Chromdex 200(博格隆生物技术有限公司)进行纯化,收集蛋白峰。
实施例2注射剂缓冲液的配制
醋酸盐缓冲液:准确称量4.14g醋酸钠(无水),加入约200ml的超纯水进行溶解获得100mM醋酸钠母液。使用时,按比例用超纯水稀释至10mM后用冰醋酸溶液调节pH至6.0、5.5、5.0及4.5。
柠檬酸盐缓冲液:准确称量14.72g柠檬酸钠(二水),加入约200ml的超纯水进行溶解获得100mM柠檬酸钠母液。使用时,按比例用超纯水稀释至10mM后用柠檬酸溶液调节pH至6.5、6.0及5.5。
磷酸盐缓冲液:准确称量35.8g磷酸氢二钠(十二水),加入约500ml的超纯水进行溶解获得200mM磷酸氢二钠母液。准确称量15.6g的磷酸二氢钠(一水),超纯水进行溶解获得200mM磷酸磷酸二氢钠母液。将两者按不同比例配比稀释至10mM后调节pH至8.5、8.0、7.5、7.0、6.5及6.0。
组氨酸盐缓冲液:准确称量3.1g组氨酸,加入约200ml的超纯水进行溶解获得100mM组氨酸钠母液。使用时,按比例用超纯水稀释至10mM后用组氨酸溶液调节pH至6.5、6.0及5.5。
渗透压调节剂:准确称量300g氯化钠,用1L超纯水溶解。
实施例3样品制备和分装
将实施1获得的PEG-K1用实施例2配制的处方液超滤换液,换液体积为初始体积的10倍。并继续超滤浓缩至约PEG-ADI浓度为15mg/ml。分别加入渗透压调节剂至氯化钠终浓度7.5mg/ml。过滤除菌后,按照0.2ml/支的比例分装于1ml西林瓶中,轧盖。
实施例4放置、取样和检测
将各样品置于37℃稳定性试验箱中,避光保存。分别于第0、3、7和15取样,测定蛋白活性和SDS-PAGE电泳检测脱落PEG的比例。
活性测定方法为:取800ul 0.1mol/l磷酸钠缓冲液,100ul 0.1mol/l L-精氨酸和100ul测试样品至试管中,混匀。避光条件下,将该反应体系置于37℃反应5min。加入0.5ml终止试剂(硫酸:磷酸:水体积比为1:3:1)终止反应。取1ml反应混合液,加入0.1ml的3%二乙酰一肟,充分混匀,避光条件下,95℃加热15min,冷却至室温。吸取200uL到96孔酶标板中,490nm读取吸光值。同时,取不同浓度的瓜氨酸标准液1ml与二乙酰一肟反应显色,根据490nm读取吸光值绘制标准曲线。根据标准曲线计算蛋白比活为:蛋白比活(IU/mg)=瓜氨酸物质的量/蛋白量/反应时间。酶活定义为37℃条件下,每分钟转化精氨酸生成1uM瓜氨酸所需的酶量为1个酶活性单位。
SDS-PAGE电泳检测脱落PEG比例的方法为:使用12%分离胶浓度,常规SDS-PAGE电泳。电泳结束后,取出凝胶,放入预先混好的7.5ml 5%氯化钡溶液和3ml 0.1M碘溶液中,振荡染色1-2min至肉眼可见棕色条带,用流水漂洗至背景透明,拍照并用软件分析脱落PEG显示的条带占泳道总条带的比例。
实施例5结果及结论
活性结果显示,组氨酸盐、柠檬酸盐、磷酸盐和醋酸盐制剂样品在37℃条件下放置15天,活性差异显著;37℃放置的15天,同一pH5.5和6.0的柠檬酸盐制剂和组氨酸盐制剂均提前出现浑浊,醋酸盐制剂比组氨酸盐制剂活性百分比高30%~47%,状态澄清;pH6.5以上的缓冲盐均在放置的过程中出现不同程度的浑浊;同一种缓冲盐之间出现pH对活性的显著影响,呈现pH越低蛋白的活性下降越显著的趋势。
PEG脱落的检测结果显示,pH高于6.0的制剂PEG脱落最快也最为严重,占泳道总条带的30%以上。随着pH降低,PEG脱落量逐渐减少。同样pH6.0、5.5的条件下,PEG脱落量由多至少依次为柠檬酸盐pH6.0、磷酸盐pH6.0、组氨酸盐pH6.0、醋酸盐pH6.0。
综合活性和PEG脱落检测结果,醋酸盐pH6.0的条件对于保持活性和蛋白稳定最为有利。

Claims (10)

1.一种精氨酸脱亚胺酶注射剂,其中,所述注射剂由以下组分组成:
浓度为5~20mg/ml的聚乙二醇修饰的精氨酸脱亚胺酶;浓度为1~300mM的醋酸盐缓冲液;和浓度为0.1~9.0g/L的渗透压调节剂NaCl;
其中,所述注射剂的pH为4.0~6.5。
2.根据权利要求1所述的精氨酸脱亚胺酶注射剂,其中,所述聚乙二醇修饰的精氨酸脱亚胺酶注射剂为肌肉注射剂,所述肌肉注射剂中聚乙二醇修饰的精氨酸脱亚胺酶浓度为9~13mg/ml。
3.根据权利要求2所述的精氨酸脱亚胺酶注射剂,其中,所述肌肉注射剂的注射量为3.8ml。
4.根据权利要求1所述的精氨酸脱亚胺酶注射剂,其中,所述醋酸盐缓冲液的浓度为5~20mM。
5.根据权利要求1所述的精氨酸脱亚胺酶注射剂,其中,所述醋酸盐缓冲液的浓度为10mM。
6.根据权利要求1所述的精氨酸脱亚胺酶注射剂,其中,所述注射剂的pH为6.0。
7.根据权利要求1所述的精氨酸脱亚胺酶注射剂,其中,所述渗透压调节剂NaCl的浓度为6.0~8.0g/L。
8.根据权利要求1所述的精氨酸脱亚胺酶注射剂,其中,所述渗透压调节剂NaCl的浓度为7.5g/L。
9.根据权利要求1所述的精氨酸脱亚胺酶注射剂,其中,所述精氨酸脱亚胺酶注射剂存储于玻璃瓶中。
10.根据权利要求1-9中任一项所述的精氨酸脱亚胺酶注射剂,其中,所述精氨酸脱亚胺酶注射剂的给药方式为肌肉注射给药。
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