CN108314500A - A kind of cultural method of selenium-rich grape - Google Patents
A kind of cultural method of selenium-rich grape Download PDFInfo
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- CN108314500A CN108314500A CN201810218226.7A CN201810218226A CN108314500A CN 108314500 A CN108314500 A CN 108314500A CN 201810218226 A CN201810218226 A CN 201810218226A CN 108314500 A CN108314500 A CN 108314500A
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05B—PHOSPHATIC FERTILISERS
- C05B7/00—Fertilisers based essentially on alkali or ammonium orthophosphates
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
- A01C21/00—Methods of fertilising, sowing or planting
- A01C21/005—Following a specific plan, e.g. pattern
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G17/00—Cultivation of hops, vines, fruit trees, or like trees
- A01G17/02—Cultivation of hops or vines
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05B—PHOSPHATIC FERTILISERS
- C05B1/00—Superphosphates, i.e. fertilisers produced by reacting rock or bone phosphates with sulfuric or phosphoric acid in such amounts and concentrations as to yield solid products directly
- C05B1/02—Superphosphates
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05F—ORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C, e.g. FERTILISERS FROM WASTE OR REFUSE
- C05F11/00—Other organic fertilisers
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G3/00—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G5/00—Fertilisers characterised by their form
- C05G5/20—Liquid fertilisers
Abstract
The invention belongs to application technical fields, and in particular to a kind of cultural method of selenium-rich grape mainly includes the following steps that：(1) site preparation basal dressing；(2) nutritive water is poured；(3) apply rudiment fertilizer, selenium foliar fertilizer, fertilizer of bearing fruit, young fruit fertilizer, swollen fruit fertilizer；(4) prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control；(5) it harvests.By applying the fertilizer of reasonable preparation, coordinates rational fertilization mode and cultural method, improve the effective rate of utilization of fertilizer, reduce the usage amount of chemical fertilizer and pesticide, make the grape of plantation rich in nutrients such as Organic Seleniums, improve the quality and yield of product.The base manure is made of the decomposed agricultural fertilizer of high temperature, Diammonium phosphate (DAP), urea, potassium sulfate, calcium magnesium phosphate, sodium selenite；The selenium foliar fertilizer is by 1000 times of urea, calcium superphosphate, potassium sulfate, potassium dihydrogen phosphate, zinc sulfate, borax, amino acid chelated calcium zinc-iron boron liquid, 800 times of liquid of fruit calcium boron, 300~600 times of liquid of organism organic selenium fertilizer, water composition.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to application technical fields, and in particular to a kind of cultural method of selenium-rich grape.
Background technology
Grape also known as grape, it is all the time all welcomed by the people, be a kind of delicious flavour, it is edible be easy, nutriture value
The very high fresh food fruit of value, grape can also be processed, and business is made and is worth very high grape juice, raisins, is processed into grape wine.
Grape is not only delicious and tasty, but also nutritive value is very high.Grape sugar content is up to 10%-30% in ripe berry, with grape
Based on sugar.A variety of tartaric acid in grape help to digest, and suitably eat a little grapes more, can be good for Pi and stomach.Contain minerals in grape
Calcium, potassium, phosphorus, iron and multivitamin B1, vitamin B2, vitamin B6, vitamin C and citrin etc., also contain that there are many people
Amino acid needed for body, often feeding grape are of great advantage to neurasthenia, excessive fatigue.
The mankind began to carry out vinegrowing before more than 2000 years, and it is currently that the whole world is distributed most wide, cultivated area to be
A kind of maximum fruit, yield almost account for a quarter of whole world fruits output.Therefore the grape cultivation method pair of science
Its economic benefit planted influences huge.In recent years, there is the situation of dull sale and Benefit Drops in Table Grape, mainly
It is to list excessively to concentrate, fruit quality is poor, and Sales Channel lacks；It is very fast that also important reason is that the production cost increases.Wherein,
Chemical fertilizer, pesticide are important input, simultaneously need to be largely artificial using chemical fertilizer, pesticide, and excessive dispenser necessarily causes agricultural production
Cost increases, the increase of chemical fertilizer, applications of pesticide amount and cost, causes fruit commercial quality to decline and quickly rises with production cost.
Selenium is micro- necessary to humans and animals, is a kind of antioxidant, has the function of alleviating aging, can eliminate more
Kind harmful free radicals are referred to as oxidation resistant " gold partner " with vitamin E synergistic effect.Selenium deficiency can cause under body immunity
Such as coronary heart disease, hemolytic anemia and liver cancer various diseases can occur for the generation of drop and Keshan disease, Kaschin-Beck disease, serious selenium deficiency.
Currently, crowd's number of selenium deficiency is estimated 5,000 ten thousand to 1 hundred million in worldwide.Although a variety of ways can be taken for poor selenium area
Diameter carries out selenium-supply, but it is believed that the selenium of human body is mainly derived from food, food selenium-supply is more suitable.It is raw relative to inorganic selenium
Material resource Organic Selenium has many advantages, such as that absorption rate is high, toxicity is small, and Selenium in Plants is better than animal selenium.
So how by rational fertilizer preparation and fertilization mode, the usage amount of chemical fertilizer and pesticide is reduced, product is improved
Nutritive value, realize upgrading synergy, improve the competitiveness of fruit, be the major test that must be faced.
Invention content
To solve the above-mentioned problems, the present invention provides a kind of cultural methods of selenium-rich grape, by applying reasonable preparation
Fertilizer, coordinate rational fertilization mode and cultural method, improve the effective rate of utilization of fertilizer, reduce the use of chemical fertilizer and pesticide
Amount makes the grape of plantation rich in nutrients such as Organic Seleniums, improves the quality and yield of product.
The present invention can be achieved through the following technical solutions：
A kind of cultural method of selenium-rich grape, includes the following steps：
(1) it presses wide-and narrow-row and respectively digs the field planting ditch of width 40cm, depth 60cm away from 120cm, 90cm, by table soil and native divide of living when trench digging
It opens, then applies 500~600kg/ mus of base manure, backfill is sufficiently mixed with table soil, water heavy real；
(2) it trims 4 times and pours water after grape budding period, fruit expanding period, harvesting, after adopting, carambola is mixed into the water per 100kg
1~5kg of slag polyphenol solution, sesbania 5~20kg of extracting solution, 25d controls watering before harvesting；
(3) grape mainly applies rudiment fertilizer, fertilizer of bearing fruit, young fruit fertilizer, swollen fruit fertilizer, and 7d applies 22- per 667m2 before grape rudiment
5~10kg of 6-12 composite fertilizers applies 25~30kg of 22-6-12 high tower compound fertilizers per 667m2 and microorganism is organic after grape is thanked and spent
45~50kg of fertilizer applies 20-5-20 48~52kg of high tower compound fertilizer, the 25d before grape maturity when grape soya bean is big per 667m2,
16-6-23 high tower compound fertilizers 30kg and 50% potassium sulfate 25kg are applied per 667m2；
(4) 300 times of liquid 10kg/667m2 of 10d foliage-sprays selenium foliar fertilizer before grape is bloomed, every blade faces 14~15d after the flowers are in blossom
Spray fertilizer 1 time is until 25d terminates before fruit maturation；
(5) divide 2~3 times in 4~May and note 300~600 times of liquid of organism organic selenium fertilizer in butt with strong injection device
Enter in tree body, per acre 2~3kg of dosage；
(6) it is dredged when grape young fruit soybean grain is big and goes depauperation and excessive fruit, kept per fringe fruit 30~50, often
667m2 retains 2800~3200 string fruit ears, sprays 1000 times of pre- disease preventions of mist in vain up to 1500 times, 1500 times of Ou Bo, Acker with strong, waits for
Bagging immediately after liquid is dry, then smears organism organic selenium 300~600 times of fertilizer, 0.06~0.1kg/ mus of liquid at grape carpopodium；
(7) vintage ploughs deeply 20~30cm in the November of current year, and the microbial organic fertilizer of 100kg is applied per 667m2
With the boron zinc-iron fertiliser containing magnesium of 20kg；
(8) 30~40d after step (7) is applied fertilizer is pressed, 4~6/m2 of bearing basal shoot is stayed, more than the inflorescence of young sprout stays 5~6
Leaf pinching stays 2~3 leaf pinching, secondary fringe to stay 1 leaf pinching after inflorescence, and removes other secondary fringes, stays 5~7/m2 of fruit ear, often
Fringe stays 30~50 fruits.
Preferably, a kind of cultural method of selenium-rich grape, the base manure are made of the raw material of following parts by weight：High temperature is rotten
100~200 parts of ripe agricultural fertilizer, 40~50 parts of Diammonium phosphate (DAP), 30~40 parts of urea, 30~40 parts of potassium sulfate, calcium magnesium phosphate 10~
20 parts, 5~10 parts of sodium selenite.
Preferably, a kind of cultural method of selenium-rich grape, the base manure are made of the raw material of following parts by weight：High temperature is rotten
125~175 parts of ripe agricultural fertilizer, 42~48 parts of Diammonium phosphate (DAP), 32~38 parts of urea, 32~38 parts of potassium sulfate, calcium magnesium phosphate 12~
18 parts, 6~9 parts of sodium selenite.
Preferably, a kind of cultural method of selenium-rich grape, the base manure are made of the raw material of following parts by weight：High temperature is rotten
150 parts of ripe agricultural fertilizer, 45 parts of Diammonium phosphate (DAP), 35 parts of urea, 35 parts of potassium sulfate, 15 parts of calcium magnesium phosphate, 7.5 parts of sodium selenite.
Preferably, a kind of cultural method of selenium-rich grape, the selenium foliar fertilizer are made of the raw material of following parts by weight：Urine
0.3~0.5 part of element, 0.5~0.8 part of calcium superphosphate, 0.3~0.5 part of potassium sulfate, 0.2~0.3 part of potassium dihydrogen phosphate, zinc sulfate
0.5~1 part, 0.2~0.3 part of borax, 1000 times of amino acid chelated calcium zinc-iron boron, 20~25 parts of liquid, 800 times of liquid 15 of fruit calcium boron~
20 parts, 300~600 times of organism organic selenium fertilizer, 5~20 parts of liquid, water is to 1000 parts.
Preferably, a kind of cultural method of selenium-rich grape, the selenium foliar fertilizer are made of the raw material of following parts by weight：Urine
0.35~0.45 part of element, 0.55~0.75 part of calcium superphosphate, 0.35~0.45 part of potassium sulfate, potassium dihydrogen phosphate 0.22~0.28
Part, 0.6~0.9 part of zinc sulfate, 0.22~0.28 part of borax, 1000 times of amino acid chelated calcium zinc-iron boron, 21~24 parts of liquid, fruit calcium
800 times of boron, 16~19 parts of liquid, 300~600 times of organism organic selenium fertilizer, 10~15 parts of liquid, water are to 1000 parts.
Preferably, a kind of cultural method of selenium-rich grape, the selenium foliar fertilizer are made of the raw material of following parts by weight：Urine
Element 0.4 part, 0.65 part of calcium superphosphate, 0.4 part of potassium sulfate, 0.25 part of potassium dihydrogen phosphate, 0.75 part of zinc sulfate, 0.25 part of borax,
1000 times of amino acid chelated calcium zinc-iron boron, 22.5 parts of liquid, the fertile 450 times of liquid 12.5 of 800 times of fruit calcium boron, 17.5 parts of liquid, organism organic selenium
Part, water are to 1000 parts.
Preferably, the preparation method of the carambola slag polyphenol solution is：The carambola slag of 30 mesh sieve was weighed in 250mL beakers
In, it is 1 by solid-liquid ratio:70 are added 50% ethanol solution, 60s are extracted under microwave power 700W, gained extracting solution is with 3000r/
Min centrifuges 10min, takes supernatant, rotary evaporation to be settled to 50mL, obtains carambola slag polyphenol solution.
Preferably, the preparation method of the sesbania extracting solution is：Sesbania plant wash clean is placed in 41~43 DEG C to be dried to
Moisture is 8.3~8.5%, through 1100~1150r/min defibrination 910-920s, crosses 280~285 mesh sieve, obtains sesbania extraction
Liquid.
The present invention has following advantageous effect：
The present invention is poured by nutritive water of the addition rich in carambola slag polyphenol solution and sesbania extracting solution.Wherein, poplar
Include many important physiological activators in peach slag polyphenol solution, such as procyanidine, catechin, epicatechin, chlorogenic acid, root
Skin glycosides, Quercetin etc. have inoxidizability, bacteriostatic activity, can inhibit the harmful bacteria on plant surface；It is rich in sesbania extracting solution
Selenium element can enter with aqueous solution in plant cell, be easy to be absorbed by the fruit cell of plant.
The organism organic selenium that the present invention applies is produced and processed using modern advanced biotechnology, high with absorptivity,
The characteristics of absorbing fast, safe without toxic side effect, bioactivity is high, is a kind of organic selenium source of novel green.By directly acting on
In blade face, butt, carpopodium, is converted in the comprehensive absorption of plant and internal biological function, make largely to give birth in plant
At organic selenoprotein, while plant disease resistance improves, and plays the role of upgrading volume increase.
The present invention by fruit carry out bagging can to avoid grape fruit ear by pollution by pesticides, promote grape fruit powder it is dense,
Fruit is beautiful, and it is high to improve commodity value.The present invention carries out ploughing deeply processing after plant harvests, and can improve soil aeration, water storage
Fertilizer-preserving ability and the beneficial microbe activity of enhancing soil, increase soil fertility, while restoring grape tree vigo(u)r, extend the work(of blade
It can, it is ensured that grape germination differentiation is prepared for result next time.
Specific implementation mode
In order to make the technical means, the creative features, the aims and the efficiencies achieved by the present invention be easy to understand, tie below
Specific embodiment is closed, the present invention is further explained.
Embodiment 1
A kind of cultural method of selenium-rich grape, includes the following steps：
(1) it presses wide-and narrow-row and respectively digs the field planting ditch of width 40cm, depth 60cm away from 120cm, 90cm, by table soil and native divide of living when trench digging
It opens, then applies 500~600kg/ mus of base manure, backfill is sufficiently mixed with table soil, water heavy real；
(2) it trims 4 times and pours water after grape budding period, fruit expanding period, harvesting, after adopting, carambola is mixed into the water per 100kg
1~5kg of slag polyphenol solution, sesbania 5~20kg of extracting solution, 25d controls watering before harvesting；
(3) grape mainly applies rudiment fertilizer, fertilizer of bearing fruit, young fruit fertilizer, swollen fruit fertilizer, and 7d applies 22- per 667m2 before grape rudiment
5~10kg of 6-12 composite fertilizers applies 25~30kg of 22-6-12 high tower compound fertilizers per 667m2 and microorganism is organic after grape is thanked and spent
45~50kg of fertilizer applies 20-5-20 48~52kg of high tower compound fertilizer, the 25d before grape maturity when grape soya bean is big per 667m2,
16-6-23 high tower compound fertilizers 30kg and 50% potassium sulfate 25kg are applied per 667m2；
(4) 300 times of liquid 10kg/667m2 of 10d foliage-sprays selenium foliar fertilizer before grape is bloomed, every blade faces 14~15d after the flowers are in blossom
Spray fertilizer 1 time is until 25d terminates before fruit maturation；
(5) divide 2~3 times in 4~May and note 300~600 times of liquid of organism organic selenium fertilizer in butt with strong injection device
Enter in tree body, per acre 2~3kg of dosage；
(6) it is dredged when grape young fruit soybean grain is big and goes depauperation and excessive fruit, kept per fringe fruit 30~50, often
667m2 retains 2800~3200 string fruit ears, sprays 1000 times of pre- disease preventions of mist in vain up to 1500 times, 1500 times of Ou Bo, Acker with strong, waits for
Bagging immediately after liquid is dry, then smears organism organic selenium 300~600 times of fertilizer, 0.06~0.1kg/ mus of liquid at grape carpopodium；
(7) vintage ploughs deeply 20~30cm in the November of current year, and the microbial organic fertilizer of 100kg is applied per 667m2
With the boron zinc-iron fertiliser containing magnesium of 20kg；
(8) 30~40d after step (7) is applied fertilizer is pressed, 4~6/m2 of bearing basal shoot is stayed, more than the inflorescence of young sprout stays 5~6
Leaf pinching stays 2~3 leaf pinching, secondary fringe to stay 1 leaf pinching after inflorescence, and removes other secondary fringes, stays 5~7/m2 of fruit ear, often
Fringe stays 30~50 fruits.
A kind of cultural method of selenium-rich grape, the base manure are made of the raw material of following parts by weight：High temperature is decomposed agricultural
100 parts of fertilizer, 40 parts of Diammonium phosphate (DAP), 30 parts of urea, 30 parts of potassium sulfate, 10 parts of calcium magnesium phosphate, 5 parts of sodium selenite.
A kind of cultural method of selenium-rich grape, the selenium foliar fertilizer are made of the raw material of following parts by weight：Urea 0.3
Part, 0.5 part of calcium superphosphate, 0.3 part of potassium sulfate, 0.2 part of potassium dihydrogen phosphate, 0.5 part of zinc sulfate, 0.2 part of borax, chelating amino acids
1000 times of calcium zinc-iron boron, 20 parts of liquid, fertile 300 times of 5 parts of the liquid of 800 times of fruit calcium boron, 15 parts of liquid, organism organic selenium, water are to 1000 parts.
The preparation method of the carambola slag polyphenol solution is：The carambola slag of 30 mesh sieve was weighed in 250mL beakers, by material
Liquor ratio is 1:70 are added 50% ethanol solution, 60s are extracted under microwave power 700W, gained extracting solution is centrifuged with 3000r/min
10min takes supernatant, rotary evaporation to be settled to 50mL, obtains carambola slag polyphenol solution.
The preparation method of the sesbania extracting solution is：Sesbania plant wash clean is placed in 41~43 DEG C and is dried to moisture
It is 8.3~8.5%, through 1100~1150r/min defibrination 910-920s, crosses 280~285 mesh sieve, obtain sesbania extracting solution.
Embodiment 2
A kind of cultural method of selenium-rich grape, the base manure are made of the raw material of following parts by weight：High temperature is decomposed agricultural
125 parts of fertilizer, 42 parts of Diammonium phosphate (DAP), 32 parts of urea, 32 parts of potassium sulfate, 12 parts of calcium magnesium phosphate, 6 parts of sodium selenite.
A kind of cultural method of selenium-rich grape, the selenium foliar fertilizer are made of the raw material of following parts by weight：Urea 0.35
Part, 0.55 part of calcium superphosphate, 0.35 part of potassium sulfate, 0.22 part of potassium dihydrogen phosphate, 0.6 part of zinc sulfate, 0.22 part of borax, amino acid
Chelate calcium zinc-iron 1000 times of boron, 21 parts of liquid, 800 times of fruit calcium boron, 16 parts of liquid, organism organic selenium fertile 400 times of 10 parts of liquid, water to 1000
Part.
Embodiment 3
A kind of cultural method of selenium-rich grape, the base manure are made of the raw material of following parts by weight：High temperature is decomposed agricultural
150 parts of fertilizer, 45 parts of Diammonium phosphate (DAP), 35 parts of urea, 35 parts of potassium sulfate, 15 parts of calcium magnesium phosphate, 7.5 parts of sodium selenite.
A kind of cultural method of selenium-rich grape, the selenium foliar fertilizer are made of the raw material of following parts by weight：Urea 0.4
Part, 0.65 part of calcium superphosphate, 0.4 part of potassium sulfate, 0.25 part of potassium dihydrogen phosphate, 0.75 part of zinc sulfate, 0.25 part of borax, amino acid
Calcium zinc-iron 1000 times of boron, 22.5 parts of liquid is chelated, 800 times of fruit calcium boron, 17.5 parts of liquid, organism organic selenium fertile 450 times of 12.5 parts of liquid, water are extremely
1000 parts.
Embodiment 4
A kind of cultural method of selenium-rich grape, which is characterized in that the base manure is made of the raw material of following parts by weight：It is high
Decomposed 175 parts of the agricultural fertilizer of temperature, 48 parts of Diammonium phosphate (DAP), 38 parts of urea, 38 parts of potassium sulfate, 18 parts of calcium magnesium phosphate, 9 parts of sodium selenite.
A kind of cultural method of selenium-rich grape, the selenium foliar fertilizer are made of the raw material of following parts by weight：Urea 0.45
Part, 0.75 part of calcium superphosphate, 0.45 part of potassium sulfate, 0.28 part of potassium dihydrogen phosphate, 0.9 part of zinc sulfate, 0.28 part of borax, amino acid
Chelate calcium zinc-iron 1000 times of boron, 24 parts of liquid, 800 times of fruit calcium boron, 19 parts of liquid, organism organic selenium fertile 500 times of 15 parts of liquid, water to 1000
Part.
Embodiment 5
A kind of cultural method of selenium-rich grape, the base manure are made of the raw material of following parts by weight：High temperature is decomposed agricultural
200 parts of fertilizer, 50 parts of Diammonium phosphate (DAP), 40 parts of urea, 40 parts of potassium sulfate, 20 parts of calcium magnesium phosphate, 10 parts of sodium selenite.
A kind of cultural method of selenium-rich grape, the selenium foliar fertilizer are made of the raw material of following parts by weight：Urea 0.5
Part, 0.8 part of calcium superphosphate, 0.5 part of potassium sulfate, 0.3 part of potassium dihydrogen phosphate, 1 part of zinc sulfate, 0.3 part of borax, amino acid chelated calcium
1000 times of zinc-iron boron, 25 parts of liquid, fertile 600 times of 20 parts of the liquid of 800 times of fruit calcium boron, 20 parts of liquid, organism organic selenium, water are to 1000 parts.
Comparative example 1
Difference lies in without addition carambola slag polyphenol solution in the nutritive water of pouring with embodiment 1.
Comparative example 2
Difference lies in without addition sesbania extracting solution in the nutritive water of pouring with embodiment 1.
Comparative example 3
Difference lies in without addition sodium selenite in the base manure of application with embodiment 1.
Comparative example 4
Difference lies in without addition organism organic selenium fertilizer in the foliar fertilizer of application with embodiment 1.
Efficacy validation
Select pH value for the subacidity of 6-6.5 topography it is flat, soil layer is deep, the soil is porous, and fertile soil plants this hair
Grape under the conditions of bright embodiment 1-5 and comparative example 1-4, variety selection blueness carry, and are manually harvested after ripe.
The grape that above-mentioned plantation obtains is taken to carry out effect detection, experimental result is as shown in table 1 below：
The effect detection result for the grape that 1 present invention of table plants
| Group | Per mu yield (kg) | Se content (mg/kg) | Minerals (mg/100) |
| Embodiment 1 | 3100 | 1.13 | 139.7 |
| Embodiment 2 | 3300 | 1.26 | 146.5 |
| Embodiment 3 | 3400 | 1.29 | 148.3 |
| Embodiment 4 | 3350 | 1.21 | 145.2 |
| Embodiment 5 | 3270 | 1.15 | 137.6 |
| Comparative example 1 | 2500 | 0.78 | 100.5 |
| Comparative example 2 | 2300 | 0.71 | 106.3 |
| Comparative example 3 | 2200 | 0.49 | 103.2 |
| Comparative example 4 | 1900 | 0.36 | 98.7 |
As seen from the above table, by the comparison of embodiment 1 and comparative example 1 it is found that adding carambola slag in the nutritive water of pouring
The per mu yield of grape can be improved 24%, the nutrient content of Organic Selenium and minerals in grape is respectively increased by polyphenol solution
44.9% and 39%；It, can by the comparison of embodiment 1 and comparative example 2 it is found that adding sesbania extracting solution in the nutritive water of pouring
The per mu yield of grape is improved 34.8%, 59.2% He is respectively increased in the nutrient content of Organic Selenium and minerals in grape
31.4%；It, can be by the mu of grape by the comparison of embodiment 1 and comparative example 3 it is found that adding sodium selenite in the base manure of application
130.6% and 35.4% is respectively increased in the nutrient content of Organic Selenium and minerals in grape by output increased 40.9%；Pass through
The comparison of embodiment 1 and comparative example 4, can be by the per mu yield of grape it is found that add organism organic selenium fertilizer in the foliar fertilizer of application
63.2% is improved, 213.9% and 41.5% is respectively increased in the nutrient content of Organic Selenium and minerals in grape.
In summary, the grape that the present invention plants, by pouring the battalion containing carambola slag polyphenol solution and sesbania extracting solution
Water is supported, applies the base manure and foliar fertilizer of reasonable preparation, is remarkably improved the production capacity and quality of grape, makes plantation grape rich in organic
The nutriments such as selenium and minerals, increase the economic benefit of grape.
Several embodiments of the invention above described embodiment only expresses, the description thereof is more specific and detailed, but simultaneously
Cannot the limitation to the scope of the claims of the present invention therefore be interpreted as.It should be pointed out that for those of ordinary skill in the art
For, without departing from the inventive concept of the premise, various modifications and improvements can be made, these belong to the guarantor of the present invention
Protect range.
Claims (9)
1. a kind of cultural method of selenium-rich grape, which is characterized in that include the following steps：
(1) it presses wide-and narrow-row and respectively digs the field planting ditch of width 40cm, depth 60cm away from 120cm, 90cm, separate table soil and work are native when trench digging,
Then apply 500~600kg/ mus of base manure, backfill is sufficiently mixed with table soil, water heavy real；
(2) it trims 4 times and pours water after grape budding period, fruit expanding period, harvesting, after adopting, it is more to be mixed into carambola slag in the water per 100kg
1~5kg of phenol solution, sesbania 5~20kg of extracting solution, 25d controls watering before harvesting；
(3) grape mainly applies rudiment fertilizer, fertilizer of bearing fruit, young fruit fertilizer, swollen fruit fertilizer, and 7d is per 667m before grape rudiment2Apply 22-6-12
5~10kg of composite fertilizer, after grape is thanked and spent, per 667m2Apply 25~30kg of 22-6-12 high tower compound fertilizers and microbial organic fertilizer 45
~50kg, when grape soya bean is big, per 667m220-5-20 48~52kg of high tower compound fertilizer, the 25d before grape maturity are applied, often
667m2Apply 16-6-23 high tower compound fertilizers 30kg and 50% potassium sulfate 25kg；
(4) 300 times of liquid 10kg/667m of 10d foliage-sprays selenium foliar fertilizer before grape is bloomed2, every 14~15d foliage applications 1 after the flowers are in blossom
The secondary 25d before fruit maturation terminates；
(5) divide 2~3 times in 4~May and 300~600 times of liquid of organism organic selenium fertilizer are injected into tree with strong injection device in butt
In vivo, 2~3kg of dosage per acre；
(6) it is dredged when grape young fruit soybean grain is big and goes depauperation and excessive fruit, kept per fringe fruit 30~50, per 667m2
Retain 2800~3200 string fruit ears, sprays 1000 times of pre- disease preventions of mist in vain up to 1500 times, 1500 times of Ou Bo, Acker with strong, wait for that liquid is dry
Then bagging immediately afterwards smears organism organic selenium 300~600 times of fertilizer, 0.06~0.1kg/ mus of liquid at grape carpopodium；
(7) vintage ploughs deeply 20~30cm in the November of current year, per 667m2Apply the microbial organic fertilizer and 20kg of 100kg
Boron zinc-iron fertiliser containing magnesium；
(8) 30~40d after step (7) is applied fertilizer is pressed, 4~6/m of bearing basal shoot is stayed2, more than the inflorescence of young sprout 5~6 leaves is stayed to pluck
The heart stays 2~3 leaf pinching, secondary fringe to stay 1 leaf pinching after inflorescence, and removes other secondary fringes, stays 5~7/m of fruit ear2, stayed per fringe
30~50 fruits.
2. a kind of cultural method of selenium-rich grape according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the base manure is by following weight
The raw material composition of part：100~200 parts of the decomposed agricultural fertilizer of high temperature, 40~50 parts of Diammonium phosphate (DAP), 30~40 parts of urea, potassium sulfate
30~40 parts, 10~20 parts of calcium magnesium phosphate, 5~10 parts of sodium selenite.
3. a kind of cultural method of selenium-rich grape according to claim 2, which is characterized in that the base manure is by following weight
The raw material composition of part：125~175 parts of the decomposed agricultural fertilizer of high temperature, 42~48 parts of Diammonium phosphate (DAP), 32~38 parts of urea, potassium sulfate
32~38 parts, 12~18 parts of calcium magnesium phosphate, 6~9 parts of sodium selenite.
4. a kind of cultural method of selenium-rich grape according to claim 3, which is characterized in that the base manure is by following weight
The raw material composition of part：150 parts of the decomposed agricultural fertilizer of high temperature, 45 parts of Diammonium phosphate (DAP), 35 parts of urea, 35 parts of potassium sulfate, calcium magnesium phosphate
15 parts, 7.5 parts of sodium selenite.
5. a kind of cultural method of selenium-rich grape according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the selenium foliar fertilizer is by following
The raw material of parts by weight form：0.3~0.5 part of urea, 0.5~0.8 part of calcium superphosphate, 0.3~0.5 part of potassium sulfate, di(2-ethylhexyl)phosphate
1000 times of 0.2~0.3 part of hydrogen potassium, 0.5~1 part of zinc sulfate, 0.2~0.3 part of borax, amino acid chelated calcium zinc-iron boron liquid 20~25
Part, 800 times of fruit calcium boron, 15~20 parts of liquid, 300~600 times of organism organic selenium fertilizer, 5~20 parts of liquid, water are to 1000 parts.
6. a kind of cultural method of selenium-rich grape according to claim 5, which is characterized in that the selenium foliar fertilizer is by following
The raw material of parts by weight form：0.35~0.45 part of urea, 0.55~0.75 part of calcium superphosphate, 0.35~0.45 part of potassium sulfate,
0.22~0.28 part of potassium dihydrogen phosphate, 0.6~0.9 part of zinc sulfate, 0.22~0.28 part of borax, amino acid chelated calcium zinc-iron boron
1000 times of 21~24 parts of liquid, 800 times of fruit calcium boron, 16~19 parts of liquid, 300~600 times of organism organic selenium fertilizer, 10~15 parts of liquid, water are extremely
1000 parts.
7. a kind of cultural method of selenium-rich grape according to claim 6, which is characterized in that the selenium foliar fertilizer is by following
The raw material of parts by weight form：0.4 part of urea, 0.65 part of calcium superphosphate, 0.4 part of potassium sulfate, 0.25 part of potassium dihydrogen phosphate, sulfuric acid
0.75 part of zinc, 0.25 part of borax, 1000 times of amino acid chelated calcium zinc-iron boron, 22.5 parts of liquid, 800 times of fruit calcium boron, 17.5 parts of liquid, biology
450 times of organic selenium fertilizer, 12.5 parts of liquid, water are to 1000 parts.
8. a kind of cultural method of selenium-rich grape according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the carambola slag polyphenol solution
Preparation method be：The carambola slag of 30 mesh sieve was weighed in 250mL beakers, is 1 by solid-liquid ratio:70 50% ethyl alcohol of addition are molten
Liquid, extracts 60s under microwave power 700W, and gained extracting solution centrifuges 10min with 3000r/min, takes supernatant, rotary evaporation,
It is settled to 50mL, obtains carambola slag polyphenol solution.
9. a kind of cultural method of selenium-rich grape according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the system of the sesbania extracting solution
Preparation Method is：It is 8.3~8.5% that sesbania plant wash clean, which is placed in 41~43 DEG C to be dried to moisture, through 1100~
1150r/min defibrination 910-920s cross 280~285 mesh sieve, obtain sesbania extracting solution.
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN111557157A (en) * | 2020-05-19 | 2020-08-21 | 刘丽媛 | Simple water and fertilizer integrated fertilization gun cultivation method for Turpan grapes |
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