CN108293796A

CN108293796A - A kind of planting method of tobacco

Info

Publication number: CN108293796A
Application number: CN201610655404.3A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 王亮臣
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 2016-08-11
Filing date: 2016-08-11
Publication date: 2018-07-20

Abstract

A kind of planting method of tobacco belongs to tobacco planting field, includes the following steps：One, by tobacco seed nursery in nursery；Two, plantation soil is arranged；Three, tobacco seedlings are removed, is put into automatic seedling transplanter and carries out plantation tobacco seedlings and complete to water, enclose native operation；Four, field management is carried out；Five, the ripe tobacco leaf of harvest；With that can substitute artificial growth tobacco seedlings, work efficiency is high, and labor intensity is low, and spacing in the rows controls accurate feature.

Description

A kind of planting method of tobacco

Technical field

This practicality invention belongs to tobacco leaf production field, more particularly to a kind of planting method of tobacco.

Background technology

Tobacco leaf is a kind of industrial crops, and it is the national economy in China to have cultivation, leaf tobacco production in many places in China Development is made that contribution；The planting process of tobacco leaf is divided into processes several so mostly, uses nursery first, is existed using tobacco leaf seed Specific seedbed carries out nursery, waits until tobacco seedlings growth to a certain extent, is transplanted to tobacco seedlings, that is, the cigarette that seedbed is cultivated In transplantation of seedlings to crop field, then pass through the growth of tobacco leaf, water to tobacco seedlings, applies fertilizer, the operations such as deinsectization, until tobacco leaf is grown up To the stage of ripeness, ripe tobacco leaf is harvested, tobacco leaf is baked, processed, classification, as tobacco leaf finished product；The process of transplanting It is that the soil for needing the tobacco seedlings in seedbed together with growth takes out, each tobacco seedlings is separated, in the crop field put in order Ridging on soil has dug placement tobacco seedlings in cave, watering, earthing；It is planted according to certain line-spacing and spacing in the rows, needs two People, which coordinates, to carry out, and labor intensity is big, and its spacing in the rows fully relies on the feeling of plant personnel, cannot accurately control；Simultaneously because Field operating condition is arduouser, and plant personnel can not work continuously, and needs personnel more when large area is planted, plants seedlings the time Long, working efficiency is low.

Invention content

For tobacco seedlings transplanting during existing tobacco leaf planting one is proposed by manually carrying out existing problem above, the present invention Grow tobacco implantation methods, it is characterised in that：Include the following steps：One, by tobacco seed nursery in nursery；Two, plantation is arranged Soil；Three, tobacco seedlings are removed, is put into automatic seedling transplanter and carries out plantation tobacco seedlings and complete to water, enclose native operation；Four, field is carried out Between manage；Five, the ripe tobacco leaf of harvest；The step one is educated to tobacco seed using traditional growing seedling in hotbed method Seedling；The step by the soil of pre- plantation tobacco second is that carry out farming, and ridging；The ridging is completed by ridger 's；The step three is that the tobacco seedlings that will cultivate are taken out from seedbed, and when taking-up will be attached to suitable original soil, be put into automatic On the pallet of seedling transplanter, digging pit for tobacco seedlings plantation is completed by automatic seedling transplanter, is watered, is put into tobacco seedlings, encloses the functions such as soil；It is described The step of four be that General Maintenance, including weeding, deinsectization, watering, the work such as fertilising are carried out to tobacco seedlings；The step five refers to point The Mature Tobacco Leaves that stage is chosen in tobacco seedlings are picked and are harvested.

The automatic seedling transplanter includes directive wheel, power and transmission device, tobacco seedlings pallet apparatus, tobacco seedlings blanking device, Operation and control system, watering system, rack, driving wheel, covering device, open hole device；The directive wheel is mounted on this dress The front end set；There are two the directive wheels；The power and transmission device is mounted in rack；The power plant is Internal combustion engine or motor；The tobacco seedlings pallet apparatus is mounted on tobacco seedlings blanking device, including tray rack, pallet；The cigarette Seedling blanking device is mounted in rack, is located at the top of open hole device；The operation and control system is mounted in rack, packet Include seat, steering wheel, water management handle, dynamic Control handle；The watering system is mounted on rack rear, including water tank, Feed pipe, control valve；The rack is mounted on driving wheel and directive wheel；The driving wheel is mounted on rack rear portion, It is connect with power and transmission system；There are two the driving wheels；The covering device is mounted below rack, is filled with cave is opened It sets corresponding；The open hole device is mounted on frame lower, and upper part is corresponding with the outlet of tobacco seedlings blanking device.

The tobacco seedlings pallet apparatus includes column, lower pallet, tray rack, spring, upper pallet, axis pin；The column In rack；The lower pallet is mounted on tray rack, is located at the lower, outer perimeter of tray rack, upper side wall and tray rack Peripheral surface it is parallel；The lower pallet has 3, is evenly distributed on tray rack；The tray rack is mounted on column, It can be rotated around column；The spring is mounted on tray rack；The spring is tension spring；There are six the springs, often Each one of a upper pallet both sides；The spring is connected respectively at upper pallet with tray rack by axis pin；The upper pallet peace On tray rack, it is flexibly connected with tray rack by axis pin；There are three corresponding, the energy respectively at lower pallet for the upper pallet It is enough to move up and down in tray rack upper edge tray rack；The axis pin has 9, and there are two corresponding installation upper pallets on each upper pallet Tray rack part on there are one.

The column includes lower wall, column body, upper disk, axis hole, mounting hole；The lower wall is located under column body End, is fixedly connected with vertical column vertical；The column body is hollow cylindrical body, is mounted between lower and upper disk；Described Upper disk is mounted on column body upper end, and vertical column vertical, thereon plane higher than column body upper surface or coincide with；It is described Axis hole be arranged in the upper end of column body, concentric with column body, size is matched with the shaft on tray rack；The mounting hole It is arranged on lower wall, is through-hole.

The lower pallet includes bottom plate and side plate, and the bottom plate is vertical with side plate；The bottom plate and side plate length In the length of tobacco seedlings pallet, width is more than the thickness of tobacco seedlings pallet.

The tray rack includes shaft, lower bracket, side stand, pin hole, guide groove, upper bracket；The shaft installation In lower bracket lower central, size matches with the axis hole on column；The lower bracket is mounted on shaft top, there are three Support arm is evenly distributed on horizontal circumference；The side stand is mounted between lower bracket and upper bracket；The side stand has Three are correspondingly connected with three support arms on lower bracket；The pin hole is arranged on side stand, is located at the lower section of guide groove, with Side stand side is vertical；The guide groove is arranged on side stand, thickness that is vertical with the side wall of side stand and penetrating side stand Degree；The width of the guide groove is more than or equal to the diameter of axis pin；The upper bracket is mounted on the upper end of side stand；Described There are three support arms respectively with three support arms on lower bracket to corresponding for upper bracket；The length of three support arms of the upper bracket is small In the length of three support arms on lower bracket.

The upper pallet includes guide plate, guide pin axis hole, top plate, limiting plate, side plate, spring catch axis hole；Described Guide plate is mounted on side plate rear portion, vertical with side plate and top plate；There are two the guide plates, and two guide plates are mutually parallel, Distance between two guide plates is more than or equal to the width of tray rack side stand；The guide pin axis hole is arranged in the upper of guide plate Portion is through-hole；The mounting of roof plate is vertical with side plate and guide plate in side plate upper end；The width of the guide plate is more than The thickness of tobacco seedlings pallet；The limiting plate is located at the outer end of top plate, vertical with top plate, parallel with side plate；The side plate peace Mounted in one end of guide plate, the inner opposite end of the upper end and top plate connects；The spring catch axis hole is arranged under guide plate Portion is through-hole.

Advantageous effect

The beneficial effects of the present invention are can substitute artificial growth tobacco seedlings, work efficiency is high, and labor intensity is low, spacing in the rows control Accurately.

Description of the drawings

Fig. 1 is the structural schematic diagram of automatic seedling transplanter

1. directive wheel, 2. power and transmission device, 3. tobacco seedlings pallet apparatus, 4. tobacco seedlings blanking devices, 5. operations and control system, 6. watering system, 7. racks, 8. driving wheels, 9. covering devices, 10. open hole devices.

Fig. 2 is the structural schematic diagram of tobacco seedlings pallet apparatus

31. column, 32. lower pallets, 33. tray racks, 34. springs, 35. upper pallets, 36. axis pins.

Fig. 3 is the structural schematic diagram of column

311. lower walls, 312. column bodies, disk on 313., 314. axis holes, 315. mounting holes.

Fig. 4 is the structural schematic diagram of lower pallet

321. bottom plates, 322. side plates.

Fig. 5 is the structural schematic diagram of tray rack

331. shafts, 332. lower brackets, 333. side stands, 334. pin holes, 335. guide grooves, 336. upper brackets.

Fig. 6 is the structural schematic diagram of upper pallet

351. guide plates, 352. guide pin axis holes, 353. top plates, 354. limiting plates, 355. side plates, 356. spring catch axis holes.

Specific implementation mode

In order to illustrate technical scheme of the present invention, the specific implementation mode further illustrated the present invention in conjunction with attached drawing；Such as Fig. 1 is used as rack 7 in this example using steel rack, in the forward lower part installation directive wheel 1 of rack 7, each one of both sides；In machine 7 upper front end of frame installs power and transmission device 2, uses small diesel engine as power plant in this example, configures accordingly originally The speed change and control device of industry universal are combined into power and transmission device 2 as transmission device；Being selected in this example can revolve The multistation tray seat turned, top additional tray form tobacco seedlings pallet apparatus 3, are installed in the top of tobacco seedlings blanking device 4, Its function is to place and store tobacco seedlings；The tobacco seedlings blanking in the lower section of tobacco seedlings pallet apparatus 3 installation tobacco seedlings blanking device 4, this example Device 4 uses chain type multistation tobacco seedlings blanking form, and tobacco seedlings bucket is arranged on multistation, using chain drive, and and transmission device Power communication；At the rear of tobacco seedlings blanking device 4, the seat of installation two side by side, so that operating personnel take, with direction Disk, water management handle, the operation of dynamic Control handle composition and control system 5, steering wheel are arranged in seat front upper place, water management hand Handle and dynamic Control handle are arranged in the lower section of steering wheel；Water tank is placed on to the rear upper of rack 7, is located at heater, Water pipe is drawn on water tank, its aqueduct valve is controlled by water management handle, open hole device 10 is then communicated to by water pipe Water outlet is arranged in rear, forms watering system 6；Driving wheel 8 is mounted on to the rear lower portion of rack 7, with power and transmission device 2 Connection, each one of both sides；In the lower section of tobacco seedlings blanking device 4, open hole device 10 is installed, and be by itself and dynamical system and control System connection can realize that interval opens cave and tobacco seedlings is guided to fall；Covering device 9, earthing dress are installed at the rear of open hole device 10 The function of setting 9 is to cover the soil for the cave both sides for placing tobacco seedlings and injecting after water in cave again, completes the plantation of tobacco seedlings；This Sample just completes the implementation of the present invention；In application, two operating personnel are sitting in respectively on two seats, an operation steering wheel and Various control handles are stopped with controlling the walking of the machine, are turned to, and watering, functions, another operator such as cut off the water will be placed on Tobacco seedlings single plant on tobacco seedlings pallet apparatus 3 is placed into the tobacco seedlings bucket on tobacco seedlings blanking device 4, open hole device 10 and cigarette after adjusting Transmission ratio between seedling blanking device 4 and power and transmission device 2, it will be able to excavate cave according to the machine speed of travel fixed intervals Hole ensure that the uniformity of spacing in the rows；The tobacco seedlings of single plant follow the driving chain one of tobacco seedlings blanking device 4 to start shipment in tobacco seedlings bucket It is dynamic, when moving at feed opening, tobacco seedlings can automatically from opening downstairs, drop into open hole device 10, at this time open hole device 10 open cave and guiding part opens, and tobacco seedlings fall inside it, fall in the cave hole held successfully, and watering system 6 is being operated and controlled Under the control of system 5 processed, after tobacco seedlings fall into cave hole, control device opens conduit switch, and water is flowed out from water outlet, flows to excavation In cave hole that is good and placing tobacco seedlings, watering proce is completed；With the walking of the machine, the earthing for being located at 10 rear of open hole device fills 9 are set, the soil for having planted the cave hole both sides that tobacco seedlings poured water will be located on earth ridge, covered again in the hole of cave, and lightly compacting, this Sample just completes a working cycles；Cave is opened since the machine uses machinery, machine-walking, automatic watering function, automatic earthing, automatic kind Tobacco seedlings are planted, reduces a large amount of manual working, improves work efficiency, ensure that tobacco seedlings plant quality.

Claims

1. a kind of planting method of tobacco, includes the following steps：One, by tobacco seed nursery in nursery；Two, planting soil is arranged Ground；Three, tobacco seedlings are removed, is put into automatic seedling transplanter and carries out plantation tobacco seedlings and complete to water, enclose native operation；Four, field is carried out Management；Five, the ripe tobacco leaf of harvest；The step one is to carry out nursery to tobacco seed using traditional growing seedling in hotbed method； The step by the soil of pre- plantation tobacco second is that carry out farming, and ridging；The ridging is completed by ridger；Institute The step of stating three is that the tobacco seedlings that will cultivate are taken out from seedbed, and when taking-up will be attached to suitable original soil, be put into and plant seedlings automatically On the pallet of machine, digging pit for tobacco seedlings plantation is completed by automatic seedling transplanter, is watered, is put into tobacco seedlings, encloses the functions such as soil；The step Rapid four be to carry out General Maintenance, including weeding, deinsectization, watering, the work such as fertilising to tobacco seedlings；The step five refers to stage by stage The Mature Tobacco Leaves chosen in tobacco seedlings are picked and are harvested；The automatic seedling transplanter includes directive wheel, power and transmission device, Tobacco seedlings pallet apparatus, tobacco seedlings blanking device, operation and control system, watering system, rack, driving wheel, covering device open cave dress It sets；The directive wheel is mounted on the front end of the present apparatus；There are two the directive wheels；The power and transmission device installation In rack；The power plant is internal combustion engine or motor；The tobacco seedlings pallet apparatus is mounted on tobacco seedlings blanking device, Including tray rack, pallet；The tobacco seedlings blanking device is mounted in rack, is located at the top of open hole device；The operation And control system is mounted in rack, including seat, steering wheel, water management handle, dynamic Control handle；The watering system Mounted on rack rear, including water tank, feed pipe, control valve；The rack is mounted on driving wheel and directive wheel；It is described Driving wheel be mounted on rack rear portion, connect with power and transmission system；There are two the driving wheels；The covering device It is corresponding with open hole device below rack；The open hole device is mounted on frame lower, upper part and tobacco seedlings blanking Device outlet is corresponding；It is characterized in that：The tobacco seedlings pallet apparatus includes column, lower pallet, tray rack, spring, pop-up Plate, axis pin；The column is mounted in rack；The lower pallet is mounted on tray rack, is located at outside the lower part of tray rack Week, upper side wall are parallel with the peripheral surface of tray rack；The lower pallet has 3, is evenly distributed on tray rack；Described Tray rack is mounted on column, can be rotated around column；The spring is mounted on tray rack；The spring is tension spring； There are six the springs, each one of each upper pallet both sides；The spring is by axis pin respectively at upper pallet and tray rack Connection；The upper pallet is mounted on tray rack, is flexibly connected with tray rack by axis pin；There are three divide for the upper pallet It is not corresponding in lower pallet, it can move up and down in tray rack upper edge tray rack；The axis pin has 9, on each upper pallet There are one on the tray rack part of corresponding installation upper pallet.