CN108267344A - A kind of sloping surface runoff field runoff sampler - Google Patents
A kind of sloping surface runoff field runoff sampler Download PDFInfo
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- CN108267344A CN108267344A CN201810079498.3A CN201810079498A CN108267344A CN 108267344 A CN108267344 A CN 108267344A CN 201810079498 A CN201810079498 A CN 201810079498A CN 108267344 A CN108267344 A CN 108267344A
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- floating ball
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- guiding gutter
- sampler
- sampling bottle
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N1/00—Sampling; Preparing specimens for investigation
- G01N1/02—Devices for withdrawing samples
- G01N1/10—Devices for withdrawing samples in the liquid or fluent state
- G01N1/20—Devices for withdrawing samples in the liquid or fluent state for flowing or falling materials
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N1/00—Sampling; Preparing specimens for investigation
- G01N1/02—Devices for withdrawing samples
- G01N1/10—Devices for withdrawing samples in the liquid or fluent state
- G01N1/18—Devices for withdrawing samples in the liquid or fluent state with provision for splitting samples into portions
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- Hydrology & Water Resources (AREA)
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- Sampling And Sample Adjustment (AREA)
Abstract
A kind of sloping surface runoff field runoff sampler is by sampling bottle system, floating ball system, floating ball ejection system and guiding gutter（5）Composition, sampling bottle system include sampling bottle（1）；Sliding groove（6）；Guiding gutter retainer ring（12）；Floating ball system includes floating ball（2）；Locating rod（3）；Floating ball handle（4）；Floating ball ejection system is included with repeated code（7）；Driving lever（8）；Lifting rope（9）；Ring（10）And guiding gutter（5）Composition.When rainwash generates, runoff initially enters the sampling bottle of first sampler（1）, work as sampling bottle（1）Water level（13）Rise to certain altitude, floating ball（2）It rises, while holds up guiding gutter（5）One end, guiding gutter is made to be tilted to negative direction, the sampling of first water-storing bottle terminates, and the sampling bottle that runoff enters several samplers along inclined guiding gutter samples successively.This sampler structure is concise, it is easy to operate, can be sampled in the different atmospheric precipitation intensity of a runoff process, the period difference of different earth's surface runoff intensities, equivalent, continuous, automatic collection runoff sample sloping surface runoff field runoff.
Description
Technical field:
Patent of the present invention is related to a kind of and matching used runoff sampler of sloping surface runoff field, and this slope runoff sampler has
The automatic function of sampling stage by stage can collect a Precipitation Process in the rainwash equivalent portioning that sloping surface runoff field generates,
The content for the silt that a runoff process different phase runoff carries and grain size composition are measured respectively, with reference to runoff process each stage
Runoff intensity and rainfall intensity, can for analysis and research soil erosion regular possibility be provided, while also can determine flow path surface,
Soil erosion amount and erosion modulus.
Technical background:
The soil erosion is the important symbol of environmental degradation, and ecologist and various circles of society pay high attention to.Study the side of the soil erosion
There are many method, but use sloping surface runoff field method to the long-term tillage research of the soil erosion more.China is in forest ecology positioning view at present
Survey the fields long-term tillage research stations such as research station, water and soil conservation location observation research station（Point）Different site type establish
Serial sloping surface runoff field.Sloping surface runoff field small investment, simple in structure, it is accurate to measure, and is adapted to various topography and geomorphologies and soil class
Type.But current sloping surface runoff field is equipped with multi-functional monitoring device not yet, only simply collects and measures each Precipitation Process
The run-off of generation and its silt total content, for determining the flow path surface of environment to be measured, soil erosion amount and erosion modulus,
Soil erosion regular can not be furtherd investigate, such as soil erosion intensity and rainfall intensity, rainwash intensity, ground line gradient, soil
Relationship is accurate quick determining between the physical features such as structure, vegetation cover degree.
Invention content:
The present invention in order to reach more than target, devise a kind of structure it is concise, it is easy to operate, can be in the difference of a runoff process
Atmospheric precipitation intensity, the period difference of different earth's surface runoff intensities, equivalent, continuous, automatic collection runoff sample slope runoff
Field runoff sampler.
In order to achieve the above objectives, the technical scheme is that being realized by following measures：
A kind of sloping surface runoff field runoff sampler is by sampling bottle system, floating ball system, floating ball ejection system and guiding gutter（5）Group
Into.
It samples bottle system and includes sampling bottle（1）；Sliding groove（6）；Guiding gutter retainer ring（12）；Floating ball system includes floating ball
（2）；Locating rod（3）；Floating ball handle（4）；Floating ball ejection system is included with repeated code（7）；Driving lever（8）；Lifting rope（9）；Ring（10）With
Guiding gutter（5）Composition；All parts are connected by mechanical connection or pipeline and groove body.
Instrument is set in sloping surface runoff field catch basin, with runoff efferent duct in catch basin（14）It is connected to each other or first connects stream
Gauge measured flow, flow velocity and after the time of generation, then connect sloping surface runoff field runoff sampler and be sampled.Sloping surface runoff field diameter
Flowing sampler, several form one group, and what each took is the runoff sample of a period, realizes the mesh sampled stage by stage
Mark.Sloping surface runoff field runoff sampler quantity and volume are put down depending on the needs and sloping surface runoff field of related science research are each
Equal runoff yield.When rainwash generates, runoff initially enters the sampling bottle of first sampler（1）, work as sampling bottle（1）Water level
（13）Rise to certain altitude, floating ball（2）It rises, while holds up guiding gutter（5）One end, make guiding gutter to negative direction tilt,
At this moment first water-storing bottle sampling terminates, and runoff enters the sampling bottle of second sampler along inclined guiding gutter；Then
Three samplers, the 4th sampler ... sample successively.Laboratory assay is sent after sample packaging.
A kind of sampling bottle system of sloping surface runoff field runoff sampler is by sampling bottle（1）, sliding groove（6）It is fixed with guiding gutter
Ring（12）Composition；Sampling bottle（1）It is inner wall smooth, anticorrosive for cylinder；Sampling bottle（1）Inside is faced the wall and meditated vertical welding sliding groove
（6）, sliding groove（6）Section is inside edge U-typed, is locating rod（3）Slideway；Guiding gutter（5）Retainer ring is welded on sampling bottle
（1）The sliding groove of bead（6）Right opposite plays fixed guiding gutter（5）The effect of front end；Floating ball system is by floating ball（2）, locating rod
（3）And floating ball handle（4）Composition, floating ball（2）Upper end and floating ball handle（4）Lower end is welded, floating ball（2）Weld lifting rope in lower end（9）, two
The line of solder joint passes through floating ball center of gravity；Locating rod（3）The vertical clasping floating ball handle in one end（4）, the other end is in sliding groove（6）On interior
Lower slider, the two keep nearly plumbness；Floating ball handle（4）Upper end and guiding gutter（5）The connection of rear end joint shape, floating ball bounces
System is by matching repeated code（7）, driving lever（8）, lifting rope（9）And ring（10）Composition, lifting rope（9）Upper end is fixed on floating ball（2）Lower end, under
Suspend driving lever in midair in end（8）Long-armed, driving lever（8）For acute angle " L " type, galianconism suspended counterweight code（7）；Ring（10）Have for annular shape
Rod-shaped handle, handle are parallel to anchor ring, and handle is welded in sliding groove admittedly（6）Outer wall；Ring is horizontal and vertical sliding motion slot（6）；It dials
Ring（10）Internal diameter is more than floating ball（2）Outer diameter, for floating ball（2）It is freely up and down moved in ring；Guiding gutter（5）Apex has thin mouth
（11）, and by guiding gutter retainer ring（12）It is fixed on sampling bottle bead, plays guiding gutter（5）The effect of accurate positionin；Water guide
Slot（5）Rear end is fixed on floating ball by floating ball handle 4（2）On, in floating ball（2）Promotion under with sampling bottle（1）Bead be fulcrum
It moves up and down.
A kind of sloping surface runoff field runoff sampler, operation principle are as follows：Guiding gutter（5）Simultaneously as lever, apex
It is supported by the bead of water-storing bottle 1, rear end tilts down under the effect of gravity；When runoff generates, the diameter of linear reservoir pipe 14 flows into
Enter guiding gutter（5）, then pass through guiding gutter（5）Rear end flow into sampling bottle（1）, sampling bottle（1）Water level（13）Rise, floating ball
（2）The movable component of floating ball ejection system is driven to float together；Guiding gutter rear end is pushed to lift simultaneously, work as guiding gutter（5）To anti-
When direction tilts, runoff initially enters the guiding gutter of second sampler.In this process, floating ball ejection system plays key
Effect；Floating ball（2）When floating up, floating ball（2）Pass through lifting rope（9）Lift driving lever（8）With with repeated code（7）, driving lever（8）It is long-armed
It is in the ring of stationary state（10）Stopped, driving lever（8）Long-armed and galianconism have a down dip simultaneously, with repeated code（7）From driving lever（8）
Galianconism slide；Floating ball system gravity and buoyancy are unbalance, floating ball（2）It bounces suddenly, guiding gutter（5）It is tilted immediately to negative direction；
Runoff enters second sampler, it is achieved thereby that sampler divides water, water guide function automatically, also avoids guiding gutter（5）Occur
Parastate, the runoff sample mixing phenomena that runoff occurs simultaneously into two samplers.
Description of the drawings:
Fig. 1 is " sloping surface runoff field runoff sampler " structure principle chart designed by the present invention.
Fig. 2 is sampler component " guiding gutter " structure chart designed by the present invention.
In Fig. 1：1st, 6,12 be sampling bottle system, wherein 1- sampling bottles；6- sliding grooves；12- guiding gutter retainer rings.2、3、4
For floating ball system, wherein 2- floating balls；3- locating rods；4- floating ball handles.7th, 8,9,10 be floating ball ejection system, and wherein 7- matches repeated code；
8- driving levers；9- lifting ropes；10- rings.5 be guiding gutter.
Fig. 3 is bottom view
Fig. 4 is left view
Fig. 5 is right view
Specific embodiment:
Below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiment, the present invention is described in further detail.
Specific embodiment:
Below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiment, the present invention is described in further detail.
Since currently sloping surface runoff field takes the runoff sample to be in ecosystem position monitor, runoff process it is mixed
Close gross sample, it is impossible to the information such as sediment charge and the grain size composition in runoff process each stage are extracted, so the present invention devises slope surface
Runoff field runoff sampler realizes automatic at times, continuous sampling.The basic principle of use is float, lever pushing guiding gutter
It is shunted.
A kind of sloping surface runoff field runoff sampler is by sampling bottle system, floating ball system, floating ball ejection system and guiding gutter（5）
Composition.
It samples bottle system and includes sampling bottle（1）；Sliding groove（6）；Guiding gutter retainer ring（12）；Floating ball system includes floating ball
（2）；Locating rod（3）；Floating ball handle（4）；Floating ball ejection system is included with repeated code（7）；Driving lever（8）；Lifting rope（9）；Ring（10）With
Guiding gutter（5）Composition.
With reference to the accompanying drawings shown in 1：The sampling bottle system of the sloping surface runoff field runoff sampler of the present invention is by sampling bottle（1）, it is sliding
Dynamic slot（6）With guiding gutter retainer ring（12）Composition.Sampling bottle（1）It is inner wall smooth, anticorrosive for cylinder；Sampling bottle（1）Inside
It faces the wall and meditates vertical welding sliding groove（6）, sliding groove（6）Section is inside edge U-typed, is locating rod（3）Slideway；Guiding gutter（5）
Retainer ring is welded on sampling bottle（1）The sliding groove of bead（6）Right opposite plays fixed guiding gutter（5）The effect of front end.Floating ball system
System is by floating ball（2）, locating rod（3）And floating ball handle（4）Composition.Floating ball（2）Upper end and floating ball handle（4）Lower end is welded, floating ball（2）Under
End welding lifting rope（9）, the lines of two solder joints passes through floating ball center of gravity；Locating rod（3）The vertical clasping floating ball handle in one end（4）, separately
One end is in sliding groove（6）It inside slides up and down, the two keeps nearly plumbness；Floating ball handle（4）Upper end and guiding gutter（5）Rear end
Joint shape connection.Floating ball ejection system is by matching repeated code（7）, driving lever（8）, lifting rope（9）And ring（10）Composition.Lifting rope（9）Upper end
It is fixed on floating ball（2）Lower end, lower end suspend driving lever in midair（8）It is long-armed；Driving lever（8）For acute angle " L " type, galianconism suspended counterweight code
（7）；Ring（10）Has rod-shaped handle for annular shape, handle is parallel to anchor ring, and handle is welded in sliding groove admittedly（6）Outer wall；Ring is in level
State and vertical sliding motion slot（6）；Ring（10）Internal diameter is more than floating ball（2）Outer diameter, for floating ball（2）It is freely up and down transported in ring
It is dynamic.Guiding gutter（5）Apex has thin mouth（11）, and by guiding gutter retainer ring（12）It is fixed on sampling bottle bead, plays guiding gutter
（5）The effect of accurate positionin；Guiding gutter（5）Rear end is fixed on floating ball by floating ball handle 4（2）On, in floating ball（2）Promotion under with
Sampling bottle（1）Bead be fulcrum move up and down.It describes the structure of sloping surface runoff field runoff sampler in more detail above, takes
The operation principle of sample device is：Guiding gutter（5）Simultaneously as lever, apex is supported by the bead of water-storing bottle 1, and rear end is in gravity
It is tilted down under effect.When runoff generates, the runoff of linear reservoir pipe 14 enters guiding gutter（5）, then pass through guiding gutter（5）'s
Rear end flows into sampling bottle（1）, sampling bottle（1）Water level（13）Rise, floating ball（2）Drive the movable component one of floating ball ejection system
It rises and floats；Guiding gutter rear end is pushed to lift simultaneously, work as guiding gutter（5）When being tilted to negative direction, runoff initially enters second and takes
The guiding gutter of sample device.In this process, floating ball ejection system plays a key effect.Floating ball（2）When floating up, floating ball（2）
Pass through lifting rope（9）Lift driving lever（8）With with repeated code（7）；Driving lever（8）The long-armed ring for being in stationary state（10）It is hindered
Gear, driving lever（8）Long-armed and galianconism have a down dip simultaneously；With repeated code（7）From driving lever（8）Galianconism slide；Floating ball system gravity and floating
Power is unbalance, floating ball（2）It bounces suddenly, guiding gutter（5）It is tilted immediately to negative direction；Runoff enters second sampler.So as to real
Show sampler and divided water, water guide function automatically, also avoid guiding gutter（5）There is parastate, runoff takes simultaneously into two
The runoff sample mixing phenomena that sample device occurs.
Structure of the present invention is concise, easy to operate, different atmospheric precipitation intensity that can be in a runoff process, different earth's surface diameters
The period difference of intensity of flow, equivalent, continuous, automatic collection runoff sample sloping surface runoff field runoff sampler.
Claims (4)
1. a kind of sloping surface runoff field runoff sampler, by sampling bottle system, floating ball system, floating ball ejection system and guiding gutter（5）
Composition, it is characterized in that：It samples bottle system and includes sampling bottle（1）, sliding groove（6）, guiding gutter retainer ring（12）, floating ball system includes
Floating ball（2）, locating rod（3）, floating ball handle（4）, floating ball ejection system includes with repeated code（7）, driving lever（8）, lifting rope（9）, ring
（10）And guiding gutter（5）Composition, each section is using mechanical connection or the connection of pipeline and groove body.
2. a kind of sloping surface runoff field runoff sampler according to claim 1, it is characterized in that：Sampler is set to slope surface diameter
In the catch basin of flow field, with runoff efferent duct in catch basin（14）It is connected to each other or first connects flow measurement constant flow, flow velocity and generation
After time, then connect sloping surface runoff field runoff sampler and be sampled；Several group of compositions of sloping surface runoff field runoff sampler, often
One take be a period runoff sample, realize the target sampled stage by stage；Sloping surface runoff field runoff sampler number
Amount and volume depend on the needs of related science research and the average runoff yield that sloping surface runoff field is each, when rainwash generates,
Runoff initially enters the sampling bottle of first sampler（1）, work as sampling bottle（1）Water level（13）Rise to certain altitude, floating ball
（2）It rises, while holds up guiding gutter（5）One end, guiding gutter is made to be tilted to negative direction, at this moment first water-storing bottle sampling knot
Beam, runoff enter the sampling bottle of second sampler along inclined guiding gutter；Then third sampler, the 4th sampler
It samples successively, laboratory assay is sent after sample packaging.
3. a kind of sloping surface runoff field runoff sampler according to claim 1, it is characterized in that：Bottle system is sampled by sampling bottle
（1）, sliding groove（6）With guiding gutter retainer ring（12）Composition；Sampling bottle（1）It is inner wall smooth, anticorrosive for cylinder；Sampling bottle
（1）Inside is faced the wall and meditated vertical welding sliding groove（6）, sliding groove（6）Section is inside edge U-typed, is locating rod（3）Slideway；It leads
Sink（5）Retainer ring is welded on sampling bottle（1）The sliding groove of bead（6）Right opposite plays fixed guiding gutter（5）The work of front end
With；Floating ball system is by floating ball（2）, locating rod（3）And floating ball handle（4）Composition, floating ball（2）Upper end and floating ball handle（4）Lower end is welded,
Floating ball（2）Weld lifting rope in lower end（9）, the lines of two solder joints passes through floating ball center of gravity；Locating rod（3）The vertical clasping floating ball in one end
Handle（4）, the other end is in sliding groove（6）It inside slides up and down, the two keeps nearly plumbness；Floating ball handle（4）Upper end and guiding gutter
（5）The connection of rear end joint shape, floating ball ejection system is by matching repeated code（7）, driving lever（8）, lifting rope（9）And ring（10）Composition, hangs
Rope（9）Upper end is fixed on floating ball（2）Lower end, lower end suspend driving lever in midair（8）Long-armed, driving lever（8）For acute angle " L " type, galianconism hangs
It hangs with repeated code（7）；Ring（10）Has rod-shaped handle for annular shape, handle is parallel to anchor ring, and handle is welded in sliding groove admittedly（6）Outer wall；It dials
Ring is horizontal and vertical sliding motion slot（6）；Ring（10）Internal diameter is more than floating ball（2）Outer diameter, for floating ball（2）In ring up and down
Free movement；Guiding gutter（5）Apex has thin mouth（11）, and by guiding gutter retainer ring（12）It is fixed on sampling bottle bead, plays
Guiding gutter（5）The effect of accurate positionin；Guiding gutter（5）Rear end is fixed on floating ball by floating ball handle 4（2）On, in floating ball（2）Push away
With sampling bottle under dynamic（1）Bead be fulcrum move up and down.
4. a kind of sloping surface runoff field runoff sampler according to claim 1, it is characterized in that：Guiding gutter（5）Conduct simultaneously
Lever, apex is by water-storing bottle（1）Bead support, rear end tilts down under the effect of gravity；When runoff generation, linear reservoir
Pipe（14）Runoff enter guiding gutter（5）, then pass through guiding gutter（5）Rear end flow into sampling bottle（1）, sampling bottle（1）Water
Position（13）Rise, floating ball（2）The movable component of floating ball ejection system is driven to float together；Guiding gutter rear end is pushed to lift simultaneously,
Work as guiding gutter（5）When being tilted to negative direction, runoff initially enters the guiding gutter of second sampler, in this process, floating ball
Ejection system plays a key effect；Floating ball（2）When floating up, floating ball（2）Pass through lifting rope（9）Lift driving lever（8）With with repeated code
（7）, driving lever（8）The long-armed ring for being in stationary state（10）Stopped, driving lever（8）Long-armed and galianconism have a down dip simultaneously,
With repeated code（7）From driving lever（8）Galianconism slide；Floating ball system gravity and buoyancy are unbalance, floating ball（2）It bounces suddenly, guiding gutter（5）
It is tilted immediately to negative direction；Runoff enters second sampler, it is achieved thereby that sampler divides water, water guide function automatically, also keeps away
Guiding gutter is exempted from（5）There is parastate, the runoff sample mixing phenomena that runoff occurs simultaneously into two samplers.
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| CN201810079498.3A CN108267344B (en) | 2018-01-26 | 2018-01-26 | A kind of sloping surface runoff field runoff sampler |
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Cited By (5)
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| CN109738036A (en) * | 2019-01-08 | 2019-05-10 | 哈尔滨工业大学（深圳） | A kind of automatic partial volume rainfall runoff water detection and sampling apparatus |
| CN110296865A (en) * | 2019-07-30 | 2019-10-01 | 天津大学 | Sampling method on a kind of drainage pipeline deposit well |
| CN110954373A (en) * | 2019-05-06 | 2020-04-03 | 河海大学 | Device capable of automatically collecting water samples in different rainfall periods |
| CN112147306A (en) * | 2020-10-16 | 2020-12-29 | 东北农业大学 | Automatic change device of measuring different slope sections soil erosion |
| CN117310111A (en) * | 2023-08-24 | 2023-12-29 | 中国水利水电科学研究院 | Automatic urban and rural non-point source pollution monitoring device and method |
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Cited By (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN109738036A (en) * | 2019-01-08 | 2019-05-10 | 哈尔滨工业大学（深圳） | A kind of automatic partial volume rainfall runoff water detection and sampling apparatus |
| CN110954373A (en) * | 2019-05-06 | 2020-04-03 | 河海大学 | Device capable of automatically collecting water samples in different rainfall periods |
| CN110954373B (en) * | 2019-05-06 | 2021-11-30 | 河海大学 | Device capable of automatically collecting water samples in different rainfall periods |
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| CN112147306A (en) * | 2020-10-16 | 2020-12-29 | 东北农业大学 | Automatic change device of measuring different slope sections soil erosion |
| CN117310111A (en) * | 2023-08-24 | 2023-12-29 | 中国水利水电科学研究院 | Automatic urban and rural non-point source pollution monitoring device and method |
| CN117310111B (en) * | 2023-08-24 | 2024-06-07 | 中国水利水电科学研究院 | Automatic urban and rural non-point source pollution monitoring device and method |
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| CN108267344B (en) | 2019-08-23 |
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Inventor after: Zhao Ming Inventor after: Chen Chengni Inventor after: Yang Chengsheng Inventor after: Ling Lei Inventor after: Zhong Yiming Inventor before: Zhao Ming Inventor before: Yang Chengsheng Inventor before: Chen Chengni Inventor before: Ling Lei Inventor before: Zhong Yiming |