CN210109101U - Rainfall simulation test runoff groove for slope runoff, interflow and underground underflow - Google Patents
Rainfall simulation test runoff groove for slope runoff, interflow and underground underflow Download PDFInfo
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- CN210109101U CN210109101U CN201821552816.5U CN201821552816U CN210109101U CN 210109101 U CN210109101 U CN 210109101U CN 201821552816 U CN201821552816 U CN 201821552816U CN 210109101 U CN210109101 U CN 210109101U
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Abstract
The utility model discloses a slope runoff, interflow and underground undercurrent rainfall simulation test footpath chute, including the base, set up runoff groove triangular supporting leg and runoff groove lifting unit on the base, set up the runoff groove on runoff groove triangular supporting leg and the runoff groove lifting unit, wherein, the lower extreme and the base slip rotation of runoff groove triangular supporting leg are connected, and runoff groove lifting unit includes that runoff groove lifting screw, apposition lift hold the spiral shell handle, apposition lift hold spiral shell handle rand retaining ring and apposition lift hold the spiral shell handle cutting ferrule. The utility model discloses a runoff groove lifting screw, apposition go up and down to hold the connection structure that spiral shell handle, apposition go up and down to hold spiral shell handle rand retaining ring and apposition go up and down to hold the spiral shell handle cutting ferrule, when promoting or reducing runoff groove rear end height, can change the runoff groove slope, runoff groove lifting screw promotes or reduces the in-process, apposition goes up and down to hold the spiral shell handle and is in same position unchangeable all the time, greatly made things convenient for testing personnel's experimental operation, improve test efficiency.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model belongs to the technical field of soil hydrodynamics, domatic hydrology, soil and water conservation and agricultural non-point source pollution prevention and control simulation monitoring test device, concretely relates to domatic runoff, interflow and the rainfall simulation test runoff groove that dives underground.
Background
Rainfall runoff is a carrier of water and soil pollutants, the formation of the rainfall runoff and the distribution of the rainfall runoff in slope surfaces, soil and underground runoff are basic and important means for researching the hydrological process and the water pollution characteristics of pollutants, and are key links for researching the relation between the dynamic migration of the soil pollutants along with rainfall infiltration and the process of entering surface water along with the slope runoff and the soil pollution and underground water pollution. However, due to the uncontrollable nature of natural rainfall, the experimental research method under the control of indoor artificial simulated rainfall is always the main monitoring method in the research field. Therefore, the innovation of the design of the indoor simulation test device and the modification of the device according to different test purposes are the key points for achieving the expected targets of the test.
In order to monitor the characteristics of the interflow under the conditions of different rainfall intensities and different gradients, a variable-gradient test flow channel is mostly adopted to carry out simulation test monitoring. The current types of slope-changing devices are: (1) a fixed hydraulic slope-regulating steel tank and a movable hydraulic slope-regulating steel tank. The device has the advantages of complex structure, high manufacturing cost and large required test field. (2) Fixed hand change slope test steel bay and portable hand change slope test steel bay. This type of device is only suitable for short slope sections, since the manually generated torque is small. (3) At present, according to the needs of research projects of applicants, holes are also arranged at the bottom of runoff grooves on the market, but if the runoff grooves are used for different soils, the fixed holes cannot be used in a targeted manner; (4) the inventor has designed a slope-variable water and soil loss monitoring test device controlled by pulley blocks, and has applied for the national utility model patent with the patent numbers: ZL 201520056256.4. Through experimental use, its drawback lies in if after the soil box filled the soil body, because the soil size is big, the strong point leans on before, and the pulley is pulled up comparatively hard, and it is also not very convenient to adopt the bracing piece to add the dog in footpath chute rear end both sides, also can't change the slope in succession. Later, the invention designs a simulation test radial flow groove capable of three-dimensionally monitoring interflow, and the patent numbers are as follows: ZL 201610710187.3 and improves the way of slope adjustment of a runoff trough, and is equipped with an angle indicator to accurately indicate the slope, however, after a period of use, there are some problems, such as: the angle pointer is inflexible, and the runoff groove rotates around the front end and makes its runoff groove focus antedisplacement, causes the test device unstable, and the water receiving position is too high inconvenient, especially infiltration unable measurement bottom soil, etc.. In view of the above, in order to monitor the distribution characteristics of rainfall runoff on slope surfaces, soil and subsurface runoff under different rainfall intensities and different slopes, and improve the defects and problems of the runoff groove and the slope change type monitored by the soil runoff test, a slope change type three-dimensional rainfall simulation runoff monitoring test groove is designed.
SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL
In order to compensate for the defects of the prior art, the utility model provides a technical scheme of a slope runoff, interflow and underground undercurrent rainfall simulation test runoff groove.
The runoff groove for the slope runoff, interflow and underground undercurrent rainfall simulation test is characterized by comprising a base, wherein a runoff groove triangular supporting leg and a runoff groove lifting assembly are arranged on the base, a runoff groove is arranged on the runoff groove triangular supporting leg and the runoff groove lifting assembly, wherein, the lower extreme and the base sliding connection of runoff groove triangular support leg, runoff groove lift subassembly includes runoff groove lifting screw, the spiral shell handle is held in the apposition lift, the apposition lift is held spiral shell handle rand retaining ring and the apposition lift is held the spiral shell handle cutting ferrule, the upper end and the runoff groove of runoff groove lifting screw rotate to be connected, runoff groove lifting screw holds spiral shell handle threaded connection with the apposition lift, the apposition lift is held the spiral shell handle and is held spiral shell handle cutting ferrule fixed connection with the apposition lift, the apposition lift is held the spiral shell handle cutting ferrule and is held spiral shell handle rand retaining ring joint with the apposition lift, apposition lift is held spiral shell handle rand.
Slope runoff, interflow and the experimental runoff groove of rainfall simulation of underground undercurrent, its characterized in that the base includes a plurality of base supporting legs and sets up base entablature and base back longitudinal beam on the base supporting leg, the screw handle rand retaining ring fixed connection is held in the co-location lift on the base back longitudinal beam.
The slope runoff, interflow and underground underflow rainfall simulation test runoff groove is characterized in that the co-located lifting hand-held screw handle comprises a fixedly connected co-located lifting hand-held screw handle body and a clamping sleeve fixing ring; the co-location lifting hand-held screw handle clamping sleeve is composed of two semicircular pipe structures, a semicircular outer clamping ring and a semicircular fixing ring are arranged at the lower end of the co-location lifting hand-held screw handle clamping sleeve, the semicircular outer clamping ring and the semicircular fixing ring form a U-shaped clamping groove clamped with the co-location lifting hand-held screw handle clamping ring, and the co-location lifting hand-held screw handle clamping sleeve and the co-location lifting hand-held screw handle are fixedly connected through clamping sleeve fixing screws.
Slope runoff, interflow and the experimental runoff groove of rainfall simulation of underground undercurrent, its characterized in that the lower extreme of runoff groove triangular supporting leg sets up the runoff groove and rotates the wheel, the runoff groove that the wheel was seted up with the both sides of base are rotated the wheel track cooperation and are rotated and be connected to the runoff groove, the runoff groove is rotated and is worn to establish runoff groove front axle on wheel and the runoff groove triangular supporting leg, the epaxial threaded connection shaft set screw of runoff groove front axle, the orbital outside of runoff groove rotation wheel is provided with the runoff groove that supplies runoff groove front axle adjusting position and rotates the shaft spout.
Slope runoff, interflow and underground undercurrent rainfall simulation test runoff groove, its characterized in that the runoff groove is multilayer flow monitoring runoff groove, every layer of cell body front end is equipped with the flow monitoring delivery port, every layer of cell body side is equipped with a plurality of runoff groove side outflow ends, runoff groove side outflow water end is last to set up the runoff groove side outflow delivery port that is used for the water receiving pipe.
The slope runoff, interflow and underground undercurrent rainfall simulation test runoff groove is characterized in that a slope runoff collecting groove is arranged at the upper end of the runoff groove, the groove body extends forwards, and a slope runoff collecting groove water outlet is formed in the front end of the groove body.
The slope runoff, interflow and underground undercurrent rainfall simulation test runoff groove is characterized in that a group of tracer release cylinders are arranged at the rear end of the runoff groove, and tracer release gaps are formed in the tracer release cylinders.
Slope runoff, interflow and the experimental runoff groove of rainfall simulation of underground undercurrent, its characterized in that the lower extreme of runoff groove sets up runoff tank bottom percolating water catch tray, runoff tank bottom percolating water catch tray includes runoff tank bottom percolating water catch tray catchment groove and percolating water catch tray delivery port, a plurality of silt wash pipes are laid to runoff tank bottom percolating water catch tray surface, along pipe length direction equidistant silt wash pipe jet circular port in the both sides of silt wash pipe, silt wash pipe top cooperation connection water source, end closure.
The slope runoff, interflow and underground undercurrent rainfall simulation test runoff groove is characterized in that a runoff groove slope indicator is arranged at the rear end of the runoff groove.
The slope runoff, interflow and underground undercurrent rainfall simulation test runoff groove is characterized in that small holes are uniformly formed in a substrate plate in the runoff groove of the runoff groove.
The utility model discloses a runoff groove lifting screw, apposition go up and down to hold the connection structure that spiral shell handle, apposition go up and down to hold spiral shell handle rand retaining ring and apposition go up and down to hold the spiral shell handle cutting ferrule, when promoting or reducing runoff groove rear end height, can change the runoff groove slope, runoff groove lifting screw promotes or reduces the in-process, apposition goes up and down to hold the spiral shell handle and is in same position unchangeable all the time, greatly made things convenient for testing personnel's experimental operation, improve test efficiency.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a front end elevation view of a runoff groove in the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of a water receiving opening of a first layer flow water receiving groove of the runoff groove of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of the lower structure of a triangular support leg of a runoff groove in the present invention;
fig. 5 is a front view of a side water receiving opening of a runoff groove in the utility model;
fig. 6 is a rear elevation view of a runoff groove in the present invention;
fig. 7 is a schematic structural view of a runoff groove slope indicator according to the present invention;
fig. 8 is a schematic diagram of the precision of a runoff groove slope-adjusting indicator micrometer according to the present invention;
fig. 9 is a schematic structural view of a runoff groove lifting assembly in the present invention;
FIG. 10 is an enlarged view of a portion of FIG. 9;
FIG. 11 is a schematic view of the structure of the co-located lifting hand-held screw handle of the present invention;
fig. 12 is a schematic front view of the co-located lifting hand-held screw stem clamping sleeve of the present invention;
fig. 13 is a schematic top view of the co-located lifting hand-held screw stem cutting sleeve of the present invention;
fig. 14 is a schematic front view of the same-position lifting hand-held screw handle retainer ring of the present invention;
fig. 15 is a schematic top view of the retainer ring of the co-located lifting hand-held screw handle retainer ring of the present invention;
fig. 16 is a schematic structural view of a runoff groove in the present invention;
fig. 17 is a schematic top view of a runoff tank bottom leakage water collecting tray of the present invention;
fig. 18 is a schematic view of the structure of the utility model in use.
In the figure: 1. a base lower beam, 12, a base middle vertical beam, 2 a base upper beam, 20, a runoff groove rotating wheel track, 21, a runoff groove rotating wheel shaft sliding groove, 22, a base rear upper longitudinal beam, 220, a runoff groove lifting screw longitudinal beam middle channel, 221, a same-position lifting hand-held screw handle clamping ring, 222, a connecting clamping ring inner contraction hollow tube, 3, a base supporting leg, 4, a runoff groove lifting screw, 41, a lifting screw rotating shaft, 5, a same-position lifting hand-held screw handle, 51, a same-position lifting hand-held screw handle clamping sleeve, 510, a clamping ring rotating space, 511, a semicircular fixing ring, 512, a semicircular outer clamping ring, 52, a clamping sleeve fixing screw, 520, a clamping sleeve fixing screw hole, 521, a same-position lifting hand-held screw handle internal thread, 523, a clamping sleeve fixing ring, 6, a runoff groove slope indicator, 61, a slope indicator changing micro-scale rotating shaft, 62, a slope indicator main scale, a slope-changing indicator micrometer frame, 64, a slope-changing indicator micrometer, 65, a slope-changing indicator micrometer indicating needle, 66, a slope-changing indicator and runoff groove fixing edge, 8, a runoff groove, 81, a runoff groove rotating wheel, 82, a runoff groove triangular supporting leg, 83, a runoff groove bottom seepage water collecting tray, 830, a runoff groove bottom seepage water collecting tray water collecting groove, 831, a sediment flushing pipe, 8310, a sediment flushing pipe jet hole, 84, a collecting tray water outlet, 85, a runoff groove laminar flow water receiving groove, 851, a runoff groove first laminar flow water receiving groove water receiving port, 852, a runoff groove second laminar flow water receiving groove port, 853, a runoff groove third laminar flow water receiving groove water receiving port, 86, a slope runoff groove flow collecting groove, 861, a slope collecting groove water outlet, 87, a slope side flow water outlet port, 870, a slope side flow water outlet, 88, a runoff groove inner substrate plate, 89, a runoff groove rear end, 890. a tracer release cylinder 891, a tracer release gap 810, a runoff groove front wheel shaft 811, a wheel shaft fixing screw 812, a runoff groove rear end rotation ferrule 8100 and a small hole.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be further explained with reference to the accompanying drawings.
As shown in fig. 1-18, the slope runoff, interflow and underground undercurrent rainfall simulation test runoff groove comprises a base, wherein the base comprises a plurality of base supporting legs 3, a base upper cross beam 2, a base lower cross beam 1 and a base rear upper longitudinal beam 22 which are arranged on the base supporting legs 3, and a base middle vertical beam 12 is fixedly connected between the base upper cross beam 2 and the base lower cross beam 1.
Set up runoff groove triangular support leg 82 and runoff groove lifting unit on base entablature 2, runoff groove triangular support leg 82 and runoff groove lifting unit support runoff groove 8 jointly. Wherein, the lower extreme and the base sliding connection of runoff groove triangular support leg 82, runoff groove lift assembly includes footpath chute lifting screw 4, the apposition goes up and down to hold spiral shell handle 5, apposition goes up and down to hold spiral shell handle rand retaining ring 221 and apposition goes up and down to hold spiral shell handle cutting ferrule 51, the upper end and the footpath chute 8 of runoff groove lifting screw 4 are connected through the rotation of runoff groove around lifting screw axis 7, runoff groove lifting screw 4 holds spiral shell handle 5 threaded connection with the apposition goes up and down, apposition goes up and down to hold spiral shell handle 5 and apposition goes up and down to hold spiral shell handle cutting ferrule 51 fixed connection, apposition goes up and down to hold spiral shell handle cutting ferrule 51 and apposition goes up and down to hold spiral shell handle rand retaining ring. Specifically, the co-located lifting hand-held screw handle collar retainer ring 221 is fixedly connected to the rear upper longitudinal beam 22 of the base. The co-located lifting hand-held screw handle 5 comprises a fixedly connected co-located lifting hand-held screw handle body and a clamping sleeve fixing ring 523. The co-located lifting hand-held screw handle clamping sleeve 51 is composed of two semicircular pipe structures, a semicircular outer clamping ring 512 and a semicircular fixing ring 511 are arranged at the lower end of the co-located lifting hand-held screw handle clamping sleeve 51, the two clamping rings form a U-shaped clamping groove clamped with the co-located lifting hand-held screw handle clamping ring retaining ring 221, and the co-located lifting hand-held screw handle clamping sleeve 51 is fixedly connected with the co-located lifting hand-held screw handle 5 through a clamping sleeve fixing screw 52. In addition, the co-located lifting hand-held screw 5 has a co-located lifting hand-held screw internal thread 521 for screwing.
The lower extreme of runoff groove triangular support leg 82 sets up the runoff groove and rotates wheel 81, and the runoff groove that the runoff groove rotated wheel 81 and the both sides of base were seted up rotates wheel track 20 cooperation and rotates and be connected, and the runoff groove rotates and wears to establish runoff groove front axle 810 on wheel 81 and the runoff groove triangular support leg 82, and threaded connection shaft fixed screw 811 is gone up to runoff groove front axle 810, and the runoff groove rotates the runoff groove that the outside of wheel track 20 is provided with the supply runoff groove front axle 810 adjustment position and rotates shaft spout 21.
The radial flow groove 8 is a multilayer flow monitoring radial flow groove, the front end of each layer of groove body is provided with a flow monitoring water outlet, the side body of each layer of groove body is provided with a plurality of lateral flow groove water outlet ends 87, and the lateral flow groove water outlet end 87 is provided with a circular tube-shaped lateral flow groove water outlet 870. The upper end of the radial flow groove 8 is provided with a slope radial flow collecting groove 86, the groove body extends forwards, and the front end of the groove body is provided with a slope radial flow collecting groove water outlet 861.
The rear end of the radial flow groove 8 is provided with a group of tracer release cylinders 890, and tracer release gaps 891 are arranged on the tracer release cylinders 890. The lower end of the runoff groove 8 is provided with a runoff groove bottom leakage water collecting tray 83, the runoff groove bottom leakage water collecting tray 83 comprises a runoff groove bottom leakage water collecting tray water collecting tank 830 and a leakage water collecting tray water outlet 84, the surface of the runoff groove bottom leakage water collecting tray 83 is provided with a plurality of silt flushing pipes 831, the two sides of the silt flushing pipes 831 are provided with silt flushing pipe spraying circular holes 8310 at equal intervals along the length direction of the pipes, the top ends of the silt flushing pipes 831 are matched and connected with a water tap, and the tail ends of the silt flushing pipes are sealed.
The rear end of the runoff groove 8 is provided with a runoff groove slope indicator 6, and the runoff groove slope indicator 6 comprises a slope indicator changing micro-ruler rotating shaft 61, a slope indicator changing main ruler 62, a slope indicator changing micro-ruler frame 63, a slope indicator changing micro-ruler 64, a slope indicator changing micro-ruler indicating needle 65 and a slope indicator changing and runoff groove fixing edge 66. The runoff groove slope indicator 6 is fixed at the corresponding position of the lower end of the rear side part of the runoff groove 8, a right-angle edge 66 of a main ruler 62 of the runoff groove slope indicator 6 is fixed with the groove body of the runoff groove 8, and the slope-changing indicator micro ruler frame 63, the slope-changing indicator micro ruler 64 and the slope-changing indicator micro ruler pointer 65 are integrated into a whole which can rotate around the slope-changing indicator micro ruler rotating shaft 61.
In the utility model, the base adopts four base supporting legs 3, the four base supporting legs 3 are respectively provided with an upper transverse longitudinal beam and a lower transverse longitudinal beam, wherein the base lower beam 1 and the base middle vertical beam 12 are arranged on the inner side of the front end of the base upper beam 2, the radial flow groove rotating wheel track 20 is arranged on the inner side of the front end of the base upper beam 2, and the radial flow groove rotating wheel shaft chute 21 is arranged on the outer side of the radial flow groove rotating wheel track 20; the two sides of the runoff groove 8 are respectively provided with four rows of vertical three rows, and the total number of 12 runoff groove side water outflow ends 87 is 12, the runoff groove side water outflow end 87 is of a cuboid structure, the runoff groove side water outflow end 87 is provided with a runoff groove side water outflow port 870 of a circular tube structure, the runoff groove side water outflow port 870 can be connected with a circular leather hose to facilitate water receiving, the front upper end of the runoff groove 8 is provided with a slope runoff groove 86 and is converged to a slope runoff collecting groove water outlet 861, the lower end of the slope runoff collecting groove 86 is sequentially provided with three runoff groove laminar flow water receiving grooves 85, the three runoff groove laminar flow water receiving grooves 85 are respectively provided with a runoff groove laminar flow water receiving groove water receiving port, from top to bottom, a runoff groove first laminar flow water receiving groove water receiving port 851, a runoff groove second laminar flow water receiving groove port 852, a runoff groove third laminar flow water receiving groove water receiving port 853, five tracing agent release barrels 891 are respectively welded at equal intervals on the exterior of the runoff groove rear end 89, and tracer release gaps 891 are formed in one sides, close to the groove body, of the five tracer release cylinders 890, and are communicated with the groove body and soil in the groove body.
The utility model discloses in, evenly beat the aperture 8100 similar with experimental soil porosity on the runoff groove inside lining bottom plate 88 of runoff groove 8 bottom, be provided with runoff groove bottom percolating water catch tray 83 at runoff groove 8 bottom lower extreme, be used for receiving the water that gets off from runoff groove 8 bottom seepage, whole percolating water collects to percolating water catch tray delivery port 84 through runoff groove bottom percolating water catch tray 830, because the percolating water process carries silt, in order to prevent the long-time siltation of runoff groove bottom percolating water catch tray 830, four silt wash pipes 831 are laid to runoff groove bottom percolating water catch tray 83 equidistant surface, both sides on silt wash pipe 831, along the suitable silt wash pipe jet circular port 8310 of diameter is seted up to the equidistant suitable distance symmetry downward sloping of pipe direction.
The utility model discloses in, have two footpath chute rear ends to rotate lasso 812 at 89 lower extreme symmetrical welds in runoff groove rear end, fix the both ends of the lifting screw axis of rotation 41 of the 4 upper ends in footpath chute lifting screw and rotate the grafting in two footpath chute rear ends rotate lasso 812. The same-position lifting hand-held screw holder clamping sleeve 51 is sleeved on the same-position lifting hand-held screw holder clamping ring check ring 221, and as the channel 220 in the radial flow groove lifting screw longitudinal beam is arranged on the base rear upper longitudinal beam 22 and the base rear lower longitudinal beam, and the radial flow groove lifting screw 4 passes through the channel, the radial flow groove lifting screw 4 and the channel 220 in the radial flow groove lifting screw longitudinal beam can freely pass through without friction. During installation, firstly, the clamping sleeve fixing ring 523 of the homothetic lifting hand-held screw handle 5 is in threaded connection with the lower end of the runoff groove lifting screw rod 4, then the lower end of the runoff groove lifting screw rod 4 penetrates through the channel 220 in the runoff groove lifting screw rod longitudinal beam on the base rear upper longitudinal beam 22 in the base rear end, the two semicircular fixing rings 511 are matched with the clamping sleeve fixing ring 523 and are aligned with the clamping sleeve fixing screw hole 520, meanwhile, the semicircular outer clamping ring 512 is slid on the homothetic lifting hand-held screw handle clamping ring retaining ring 221 in a sliding mode, then the semicircular fixing ring 511 and the clamping sleeve fixing ring 523 are fixed together by the clamping sleeve fixing screw 52, and then the homothetic lifting hand-held screw handle clamping ring retaining ring 221 is clamped in the retaining ring rotating.
Instructions for use:
and placing a pre-designed lining bottom plate at the bottom of the radial flow groove 8 according to the porosity of the soil for the test. On this basis, the test was carried out according to the following procedure:
firstly, filling test soil into a runoff groove 8 layer by layer according to the volume weight of different layers of the soil on the spot;
secondly, the device is well connected according to the connection mode among all the parts, leather pipes are connected at the side water outlet ends 87 of the radial flow grooves, and the water receiving openings of the leather pipes are correspondingly marked so as to be convenient for water receiving;
third, according to the required gradient of the test runoff groove 8: (
) The rotating handle of the hand-held screw handle 5 is held by hands to continuously rotate, so that the lifting screw rod 4 of the runoff groove is continuously lifted, the rear end 89 of the runoff groove is rotated, the runoff groove rotating wheel 81 of the runoff groove 8 rotates backwards along the runoff groove rotating wheel track 20, the front wheel shaft 810 of the runoff groove slides backwards in the runoff groove rotating wheel shaft sliding groove 21, and the scale indicated by the micro-scale pointer of the observation slope indicator is just the test scaleRequired gradient of (
) When the runoff groove rotating wheel is rotated, the runoff groove rotating wheel 81 is locked with the base cross beam by adopting a wheel axle fixing screw 811;
fourthly, before the test is started, the tracers which are designed in advance are respectively filled into the five tracer releasing cylinders 890, and when the test is started, the pipe orifices of the tracer releasing cylinders 890 are released, so that the tracers can flow along with the interflow, and the flow rate can be monitored at different sections and depths.
Fifthly, when the test is started and the tracer is released, the arrival time of the tracer is monitored from twelve designed holes with different sections and different depths, and further the flow speed dynamic of the interflow is calculated, so that the three-dimensional monitoring of the interflow is realized.
Sixthly, after the experiment begins, at the end of the runoff groove 8, four bedding planes (one of the surface layer) of different depths monitor the interflow flow and the slope runoff flow of different depths, and then can play the dynamic process of revealing interflow and carried pollutant.
And seventhly, respectively collecting runoff quantity of slope runoff, interflow and underground seepage.
The structure principle is as follows:
first, the slope indicator accuracy principle. The main scale is 90 degrees (1/4 circles), the precision on the main scale is 0.5 degrees (30 ') per lattice, the micro scale is divided into 30 lattices, the radian number of the 30 lattices on the micro scale is the same as that of the 29 lattices on the main scale, which is equivalent to that the 0.5 degrees (30') on the main scale is distributed into the 30 lattices on the micro scale, so that the precision on the micro scale is 1 ', namely the precision is 1'.
Second, the principle of changing slope. The co-located lifting hand-held screw handle 5 adopts the co-located lifting hand-held screw handle clamping sleeve 51, the position of the co-located lifting hand-held screw handle clamping sleeve is unchanged relative to the base, only the height of the lifting radial flow groove lifting screw rod 4 is rotated, the height of the rear end 89 of the lifting radial flow groove is rotated, the radial flow groove rotating wheel 81 can continuously rotate and move backwards (or move forwards) on the radial flow groove rotating wheel track 20, and the gradient of the radial flow groove 8 is continuously changed.
Third, the function of the five tracer-releasing cartridges 890. Before the test is started, the tracer which is designed in advance is filled in the five tracer releasing cylinders 890, and when the test is started, the pipe orifices of the tracer releasing cylinders 890 are released, so that the tracer enters the soil along the tracer releasing gaps 891, and the tracer flows along with the interflow in a submerged mode, and further the flow rate is monitored at different sections and depths.
Fifth, the run-off end 87 on the run-off trough side is activated. When the test is started and the tracer is released, the arrival time of the tracer is monitored from twelve designed holes with different sections and different depths, and further the flow speed dynamic of the interflow is calculated, so that the three-dimensional monitoring of the interflow is realized.
And the sixth and the third runoff groove laminar flow water receiving grooves act on the water receiving opening. After the experiment begins, at the end of the runoff groove 8, four layers (one of the surface layer) of different depths monitor the interflow flow and the slope runoff flow of different depths, and then can play the dynamic process of revealing interflow and carried pollutants.
Seventh, interflow monitoring principle. The utility model aims at measuring the distribution of the slope runoff, the interflow and the underground runoff under the condition of different soil porosities.
Eighth, the manufacturing principle and function of the even small holes 8100 at the bottom of the runoff groove. The diameter of the holes at the bottom of the runoff tank is calculated according to the porosity of the test soil and the number of designed holes, and the effect of the method is that the seepage of the soil can be objectively collected. The number of holes and the diameter of the holes of the replaced lining bottom plate are calculated as above.
Ninth, the function of the collecting tray of the seepage water at the bottom of the runoff groove. The water leaked from the uniform holes at the bottom of the runoff groove is collected and converged to the water outlet of the collecting tray, so that the seepage quantity is calculated.
Has the advantages that:
firstly, according to the size of the maximum soil porosity, the bottom plate of the testing device is provided with small holes 8100 which are uniformly distributed and specifically calculated and are uniform at the bottom of the runoff groove, and meanwhile, the bottom layer can be additionally provided with a lining according to the size of the soil porosity for testing. Thereby achieving the maximum simulation of the distribution of the actual rainfall runoff and the soil infiltration characteristic.
Secondly, the distribution of rainfall runoff in slope runoff, interflow and underground runoff can not only be monitored objectively to the test device, but also the velocity of flow of different degree of depth interflow, the flow of different degree of depth interflow to and runoff groove side opening and the different degree of depth interflow flow of terminal flow, monitor different position sides and terminal delivery port tracer along with the arrival position of interflow, calculate the velocity of flow and the runoff of interflow, realize the three-dimensional monitoring of interflow.
Thirdly, a runoff groove rotating wheel 81 is arranged at the lower part of the runoff groove triangular supporting leg 82, in order to change the gradient of the runoff groove 8, the rear end 89 of the runoff groove is lifted (or lowered), the gravity center of the runoff groove 8 moves forwards, the runoff groove triangular supporting leg 82 can bear larger pressure, and the testing device is safer and more reliable based on the stability of a triangle;
fourthly, the utility model is provided with the runoff groove rotating wheel track 20, the lifting screw rotating shaft 41 can rotate at the rear end of the runoff groove rotating ring 812, and when the gradient of the runoff groove 8 is increased, the runoff groove rotating wheel 81 rotates backwards along the runoff groove rotating wheel track 20, the gravity center of the runoff groove 8 moves forwards, the runoff groove 8 and the base are fixedly connected into a whole in a mode of integrally locking the runoff groove rotating wheel 81 and the device, so that the integral stability of the tester is facilitated;
fifthly, a connecting structure of the homotopic lifting hand-held screw handle 5, the homotopic lifting hand-held screw handle clamping sleeve 51 and the runoff groove lifting screw rod 4 is adopted, the height of the rear end 89 of the runoff groove is lifted or reduced so as to change the gradient of the runoff groove 8, and the homotopic lifting hand-held screw handle 5 is always in the same position and is not changed in the lifting or reducing process of the screw rod, so that the test operation of a tester is greatly facilitated, and the test efficiency is improved;
sixthly, uniform small holes 8100 similar to the porosity of the tested soil are drilled in the runoff groove lining bottom plate 88 of the runoff groove 8, so that the test result is closer to reality;
seventhly, a runoff groove bottom leakage water collecting disc 83 is arranged at the lower end of the bottom lining bottom plate of the runoff groove so as to collect water leaked from the runoff groove bottom lining bottom plate 88 of the runoff groove 8, the water is collected by a runoff groove bottom leakage water collecting disc water collecting groove 830 and flows out from a leakage water collecting disc water outlet 84, and therefore quantitative monitoring on the bottom leakage water quantity of the runoff groove 8 is achieved;
seventhly, sand is inevitably carried in the water seepage process to enter a seepage water collecting tray 83 at the bottom of the runoff tank, so that four silt flushing pipes 831 are arranged in the collecting tray, holes are uniformly drilled on two sides of the lower part of the silt flushing pipes 831 at corresponding intervals in an inclined mode, the tail ends of the silt flushing pipes are closed, the high-pressure water faucet is connected to the initial end of the silt flushing pipes, when a plurality of silts are deposited in the seepage water collecting tray 83 at the bottom of the runoff tank, the high-pressure water faucet is opened, water flow is sprayed out from uniform small holes, and therefore the silt in the seepage water collecting tray 83 at the bottom of the runoff tank is;
eighth, the soil connecting end on the side surface of the runoff groove is rectangular, and the water outlet is circular, so that the water outlet can be conveniently connected out by adopting a leather hose, and the purpose that when the gradient of the runoff groove is increased, the water outlet close to the rear end is too high, and the water receiving of a tester is difficult is facilitated;
ninth, in order to realize that the homothetic lifting hand-held screw handle 5 vertically lifts the rear end of the radial flow groove, the rear end of the radial flow groove and the homothetic lifting hand-held screw handle 5 adopt a smart method of rotating connection;
tenth, all adopt the groove of converging to converge to the side water receiving mouth outflow at each laminar flow water receiving of the front end of runoff groove 8, just so solved because special base, and can't be at the drawback of the water receiving of 8 front ends of runoff groove.
The utility model obtains the funding of the national science fund project (41877065).
Claims (10)
1. A runoff groove for a slope runoff, interflow and underground undercurrent rainfall simulation test is characterized by comprising a base, wherein a runoff groove triangular supporting leg (82) and a runoff groove lifting assembly are arranged on the base, a runoff groove (8) is arranged on the runoff groove triangular supporting leg (82) and the runoff groove lifting assembly, the lower end of the runoff groove triangular supporting leg (82) is in sliding connection with the base, the runoff groove lifting assembly comprises a runoff groove lifting screw (4), a co-located lifting hand-held screw handle (5), a co-located lifting hand-held screw handle clamping ring (221) and a co-located lifting hand-held screw handle clamping sleeve (51), the upper end of the runoff groove lifting screw (4) is rotatably connected with the runoff groove (8), the runoff groove lifting screw (4) is in threaded connection with the co-located lifting hand-held screw handle (5), the co-located lifting hand-held screw handle (5) is fixedly connected with the co-located lifting hand-, the co-located lifting hand-held screw handle clamping sleeve (51) is clamped with the co-located lifting hand-held screw handle clamping ring retaining ring (221), and the co-located lifting hand-held screw handle clamping ring retaining ring (221) is fixedly connected with the base.
2. The runoff, interflow and underground underflow rainfall simulation test runoff groove as claimed in claim 1, wherein the base comprises a plurality of base support legs (3), and a base upper cross beam (2) and a base rear upper longitudinal beam (22) which are arranged on the base support legs (3), and the co-located lifting hand-held screw handle retainer ring (221) is fixedly connected to the base rear upper longitudinal beam (22).
3. The runoff measuring groove for the slope runoff, interflow and underground underflow rainfall simulation test of claim 1, wherein the co-located lifting hand-held screw handle (5) comprises a co-located lifting hand-held screw handle body and a clamping sleeve fixing ring (523) which are fixedly connected, the co-located lifting hand-held screw handle clamping sleeve (51) is formed by two semicircular tube structures, a semicircular outer clamping ring (512) and a semicircular fixing ring (511) are arranged at the lower end of the co-located lifting hand-held screw handle clamping sleeve (51) and form a U-shaped clamping groove clamped with a co-located lifting hand-held screw handle clamping ring retaining ring (221), and the co-located lifting hand-held screw handle clamping sleeve (51) is fixedly connected with the co-located lifting hand-held screw handle (5) through a clamping sleeve fixing screw (52).
4. The runoff, interflow and subsurface flow rainfall simulation test runoff groove of claim 1, wherein the runoff groove rotating wheel (81) is arranged at the lower end of the runoff groove triangular supporting leg (82), the runoff groove rotating wheel (81) is matched and rotatably connected with runoff groove rotating wheel tracks (20) arranged at two sides of the base, a runoff groove front wheel shaft (810) is arranged on the runoff groove rotating wheel (81) and the runoff groove triangular supporting leg (82), a wheel shaft fixing screw (811) is in threaded connection with the runoff groove front wheel shaft (810), and a runoff groove rotating wheel shaft chute (21) for adjusting the position of the runoff groove front wheel shaft (810) is arranged at the outer side of the runoff groove rotating wheel track (20).
5. The runoff, interflow and subsurface rainfall simulation test runoff channel of claim 1, wherein the runoff channel (8) is a multilayer flow monitoring runoff channel, the front end of each layer of the channel body is provided with a flow monitoring water outlet, the side body of each layer of the channel body is provided with a plurality of runoff channel side water outlet ends (87), and the runoff channel side water outlet ends (87) are provided with runoff channel side water outlets (870) for water receiving pipes.
6. The runoff, interflow and underground undercurrent simulated rainfall test runoff groove of claim 1, wherein the upper end of the runoff groove (8) is provided with a slope runoff collecting groove (86), the groove body extends forwards, and the front end of the groove body is provided with a slope runoff collecting groove water outlet (861).
7. The runoff, interflow and underground underflow rainfall simulation test runoff tank of claim 1, wherein a group of tracer release cylinders (890) are arranged at the rear end of the runoff tank (8), and tracer release gaps (891) are formed in the tracer release cylinders (890).
8. The slope runoff, the interflow and the underground undercurrent rainfall simulation experiment runoff groove of claim 1, wherein the lower end of the runoff groove (8) is provided with a runoff groove bottom leakage water collecting tray (83), the runoff groove bottom leakage water collecting tray (83) comprises a runoff groove bottom leakage water collecting tray catchment groove (830) and a water collecting tray water outlet (84), a plurality of silt flushing pipes (831) are arranged on the surface of the runoff groove bottom leakage water collecting tray (83), a group of silt flushing pipe spraying circular holes (8310) are arranged at equal intervals along the length direction of the pipes on two sides of the silt flushing pipe (831), and the top ends of the silt flushing pipes (831) are matched with and connected with a water source and the tail ends are closed.
9. The runoff, interflow and subsurface rainfall simulation test runoff tank of claim 1, wherein the rear end of the runoff tank (8) is provided with a runoff tank slope indicator (6).
10. The runoff, interflow and subsurface rainfall simulation test runoff tank of claim 1, wherein the runoff tank inner substrate plate (88) of the runoff tank (8) is uniformly provided with small holes (8100).
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201821552816.5U CN210109101U (en) | 2018-09-21 | 2018-09-21 | Rainfall simulation test runoff groove for slope runoff, interflow and underground underflow |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201821552816.5U CN210109101U (en) | 2018-09-21 | 2018-09-21 | Rainfall simulation test runoff groove for slope runoff, interflow and underground underflow |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
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| CN210109101U true CN210109101U (en) | 2020-02-21 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201821552816.5U Expired - Fee Related CN210109101U (en) | 2018-09-21 | 2018-09-21 | Rainfall simulation test runoff groove for slope runoff, interflow and underground underflow |
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| CN (1) | CN210109101U (en) |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN109444374A (en) * | 2018-09-21 | 2019-03-08 | 浙江大学 | A kind of slope runoff, interflow and ground subsurface flow simulated rain trails diameter chute |
| CN111337404A (en) * | 2020-03-13 | 2020-06-26 | 长沙理工大学 | Water balance comprehensive experiment teaching observation device |
-
2018
- 2018-09-21 CN CN201821552816.5U patent/CN210109101U/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN109444374A (en) * | 2018-09-21 | 2019-03-08 | 浙江大学 | A kind of slope runoff, interflow and ground subsurface flow simulated rain trails diameter chute |
| CN111337404A (en) * | 2020-03-13 | 2020-06-26 | 长沙理工大学 | Water balance comprehensive experiment teaching observation device |
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Granted publication date: 20200221 Termination date: 20200921 |