CN106124386A - A kind of undisturbed soil effecive porosity analyzer - Google Patents
A kind of undisturbed soil effecive porosity analyzer Download PDFInfo
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- CN106124386A CN106124386A CN201610800717.3A CN201610800717A CN106124386A CN 106124386 A CN106124386 A CN 106124386A CN 201610800717 A CN201610800717 A CN 201610800717A CN 106124386 A CN106124386 A CN 106124386A
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- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 42
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 119
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 59
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 claims description 21
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 230000008595 infiltration Effects 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000001764 infiltration Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000000630 rising effect Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 abstract description 7
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 abstract description 6
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 abstract description 6
- 238000005070 sampling Methods 0.000 abstract description 6
- 238000011065 in-situ storage Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 239000013535 sea water Substances 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 230000009189 diving Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000013508 migration Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 230000005012 migration Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000000523 sample Substances 0.000 description 28
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 11
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 10
- FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium chloride Chemical compound [Na+].[Cl-] FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 10
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 6
- 239000004926 polymethyl methacrylate Substances 0.000 description 6
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000003673 groundwater Substances 0.000 description 5
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 239000011780 sodium chloride Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000000565 sealant Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229920005479 Lucite® Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229920003229 poly(methyl methacrylate) Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 description 3
- 235000015096 spirit Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 230000001186 cumulative effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000002242 deionisation method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000033001 locomotion Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000003014 reinforcing effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- -1 stop hammering Substances 0.000 description 2
- 244000273618 Sphenoclea zeylanica Species 0.000 description 1
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000013459 approach Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002146 bilateral effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004364 calculation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004927 clay Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000280 densification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004744 fabric Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003292 glue Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003780 insertion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000037431 insertion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009545 invasion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011835 investigation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002262 irrigation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003973 irrigation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 description 1
- JTJMJGYZQZDUJJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N phencyclidine Chemical class C1CCCCN1C1(C=2C=CC=CC=2)CCCCC1 JTJMJGYZQZDUJJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920003023 plastic Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N15/00—Investigating characteristics of particles; Investigating permeability, pore-volume or surface-area of porous materials
- G01N15/08—Investigating permeability, pore-volume, or surface area of porous materials
- G01N15/088—Investigating volume, surface area, size or distribution of pores; Porosimetry
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Dispersion Chemistry (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
- Biochemistry (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Immunology (AREA)
- Pathology (AREA)
- Sampling And Sample Adjustment (AREA)
Abstract
The present invention relates to a kind of undisturbed soil effecive porosity analyzer, including supply tank, head adjusting part, permeable unit, the equal subdivision of liquid and detector unit, water supplying unit is connected with permeable unit by the equal subdivision of liquid；The former state soil effecive porosity analyzer that the present invention provides can measure ground effecive porosity, obtains former state soil sample effecive porosity by solute replacement method, and permeable unit is simultaneously available for the sampling of former state soil sample；This former state soil effecive porosity analyzer simple in construction, mensuration process is easy, and effecive porosity measurement accuracy is higher, possesses good application potential, in hydrogeological study, student can be helped to understand the difference of effecive porosity and total porosity as laboratory teaching instrument；In actual production, may be used for measuring the effecive porosity of sample, infiltrate for the further research such as sea water of solute transfer, the migration of leakage-releasing water, diving, the offer parameter measurement experimental apparatus such as subsoil water in-situ immobilization.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of Geotechnical Parameter analyzer, be specifically related to a kind of undisturbed soil effecive porosity analyzer, belong to
Hydrogeology experimental provision technical field.
Background technology
Between seepage action of ground water, artificial recharge subsoil water, different water cut layer mutually supply, phreatic water allowable exploitation
Calculate, field irrigation needs about in ground water movement research process with drain calculation, subsoil water in-situ immobilization, seawater invasion etc.
To underground hydropexis, disengage and transmittability measures, and subsoil water is detained, disengages and mainly had by ground with transmittability
The impact of effect porosity, therefore effecive porosity not only directly influences the accuracy calculated with achievement in research, additionally it is possible to it
His hydrogeological parameter is predicted estimation.Continually developing and utilizing along with groundwater resources, people start to probe into mensuration to be had
Effect porosity and and Groundwater movement speed between quantitative relationship.
The effecive porosity of ground is that the dynamic pore volume of gravity flow (does not include disconnected stagnant pore and immobilising
Space in conjunction with occupied by water) and the ratio of rock volume (including pore volume).Ground effecive porosity neRepresent, be important
Hydrogeological parameter.The device measuring effecive porosity at present is merely able at samples such as hypotonicity rock and vinasse groove unstrained spirits,
CN103674804A and CN102141502A that such as Chinese patent is announced, they are respectively directed to hypotonicity rock and vinasse groove
Unstrained spirits measures effecive porosity, is not suitable for the mensuration of the effecive porosity of loose ground.
In sum, current effecive porosity determinator is merely able to measure hypotonicity rock, floc such as wine
Groove groove unstrained spirits, lacks a kind of effecive porosity analyzer that can measure loose ground.
Summary of the invention
It is an object of the invention to solve the problem that prior art exists, and provide a kind of and can measure having of loose ground
The analyzer of effect porosity.
Realizing the technical scheme that the object of the invention used is, a kind of undisturbed soil effecive porosity analyzer at least includes
Water supplying unit, permeable unit and detector unit, water supplying unit connects with permeable unit, and described water supplying unit includes supply tank and water
Head adjusting part, described head adjusting part is height adjustment assembly, and supply tank is fixed on head adjusting part, in supply tank
Being provided with the overflow plate less than supply tank height, supply tank is divided into water chamber and overflow cavity by overflow plate, and supply tank is provided with
The feed water inlet connected with water chamber and water inlet and the discharge outlet connected with overflow cavity, supply tank is by being installed on feed water inlet
Feed pipe connect with permeable unit；The water side of feed pipe is provided with the equal subdivision of liquid, and the equal subdivision of liquid is positioned at seepage flow list
In unit, the equal subdivision of described liquid includes overflow pipe and the liquid cyclone being interconnected, and the outlet of feed pipe is positioned at liquid
The center on diverter top, described liquid cyclone is made up of with upper sieve plate former state post seepage flow plate, fixing pipe and 1 piece, former state post
Seepage flow plate and each sieve plate order from bottom to up is distributed in fixing pipe, and former state post seepage flow plate and sieve plate are orifice plate, and former state post oozes
Stream plate all differs with aperture and the pore size distribution density of sieve plate, and overflow pipe is communicated in former state post seepage flow plate and is positioned at the sieve plate of bottom
Between；Described permeable unit includes original state post, seal receptacle, bottom filter plate and a support component, and liquid cyclone is positioned at original state post
Top and connecting with original state post, original state post is fixed in a support component, and seal receptacle is connected with original state post lower end, closing original state
Post, bottom filter plate is positioned at the lower section of original state post and is fixed in seal receptacle, and bottom filter plate and seal receptacle constitute test chamber, described
Original state post is spliced to form by more than 1 open tubular column, and the end of open tubular column is wedge shape chimb or the wedge shape matched with wedge shape chimb
Groove, the open tubular column end face being positioned at top is plane, and the upper end of seal receptacle is wedge-shaped impression or wedge shape chimb, seal receptacle and original state
Post is fastened and connected with wedge shape chimb by wedge-shaped impression；Described detector unit includes display, effusion meter and more than 1 resistivity
Sensor, effusion meter fixed by seal receptacle and connects with test chamber, and resistivity sensor is positioned in test chamber, display position
It is electrically connected with resistivity sensor outside test chamber and by wire.
Described height adjustment assembly includes base, slide post, water tank bearing and sliding damper, and slide post is fixed on base
On, slide post is provided with buckle vertically, sliding damper is placed on slide post and spacing by buckle, and water tank bearing is fixed
On sliding damper.
Described buckle is spacing preiection, and sliding damper is shaken the hand by lifting, slip cap and fixing sleeve are constituted, fixing sleeve
Being connected with the lower thread of slip cap, be provided with bearing pin in the top of described slip cap, wherein one end that lifting is shaken the hand is pipe, circle
Pipe box on bearing pin and with bearing pin matched in clearance, the other end shaken the hand of lifting protrudes from outside slip cap, the outer surface of pipe with
And it is equipped with spacing preiection on the inner surface of slip cap bottom.
The middle part of described supply tank is provided with demarcation strip, and supply tank is two identical inner chambers by divides,
Being equipped with overflow plate in two inner chambers, the feed water inlet of two inner chambers is equipped with feed pipe, the other end of two feed pipes all connects
Being connected to the equal subdivision of liquid, the equal subdivision of one of them liquid connects with original state post, the water inlet of two inner chambers is equipped with into
Being equipped with drain pipe in water pipe, discharge outlet, drain pipe connects water inlet pipe by three-way interface, and water inlet pipe is positioned at three-way interface and enters
On pipeline section between the mouth of a river, water pump is installed.
Described liquid cyclone is by fixing pipe and being subsequently attached to the first sieve plate in fixing pipe, the second sieve from top to bottom
Plate, the 3rd sieve plate and former state post seepage flow plate are constituted, and are equipped with dash district, described gear in the infiltration district of the first sieve plate and the second sieve plate
Pool is positioned at center or the edge of place sieve plate.
Vertical spacing between 3rd sieve plate and former state post seepage flow plate is 1cm, and overflow pipe is communicated on former state post seepage flow plate
At side 0.5cm.
Described support component includes gripper shoe, support column, retainer ring and support fixer, and support column is installed on gripper shoe
On, Fixing shrink ring is on original state post and is positioned at the stitching portion of open tubular column, and support fixer is placed on support column, retainer ring and
Support holder is connected by threaded fastener.
Described retainer ring and support fixer are connected and composed by threaded fastener by two ear semicircular ring, and screw thread is tight
Firmware is positioned at the ear of ear semicircular ring.
The bottom of described seal receptacle is provided with the tube connected with test chamber, and effusion meter is fixed on tube
In.
Being fixed with 3 resistivity sensors in described test chamber, 3 resistivity sensors are equal along seal receptacle circumferencial direction
Cloth.
As shown from the above technical solution, the undisturbed soil effecive porosity analyzer that the present invention provides, main body includes the list that supplies water
Unit, permeable unit, the equal subdivision of liquid and detector unit, wherein 1, water supplying unit, be used for providing seepage water, water supplying unit to include
Supply tank and head adjusting part, by the level head of water in head adjusting part scalable supply tank, arranged in supply tank
Overflow plate, supply tank is divided into water chamber and overflow cavity by overflow plate, thus realizes determining head and control；2, permeable unit, bag
Including original state post, seal receptacle, bottom filter plate and a support component, original state post is undisturbed sample sampling and seepage flow place, and original state post is by 1
Individual above open tubular column is spliced to form, and the end of open tubular column is wedge shape chimb or the wedge-shaped impression matched with wedge shape chimb, sampling
Time the wedge shape chimb of open tubular column is inserted soil, use and hit thing and exert oneself the wedge-shaped impression end of this open tubular column of hammering, work as sample point
After soil sample peak reaches wedge-shaped impression end, open tubular column entirety being taken out, undisturbed sample length if desired is longer, works as sampling
After some soil sample peak reaches wedge-shaped impression end, by recessed for the wedge shape that the wedge shape chimb of next open tubular column inserts a upper open tubular column
In groove, repeating hammering, the most all open tubular columns insert and overall taking-up, and it is original internal empty that field investigation and sampling will not destroy undisturbed soil
Gap structure, it is ensured that the effectiveness of test result, former state post is the seepage flow place of undisturbed sample simultaneously, under seal receptacle and original state post
End connects closes original state post, and bottom filter plate is fixed in seal receptacle composition test chamber, and the seepage water of undisturbed sample is filtered through bottom
Plate converges in test chamber after filtering；3, the equal subdivision of liquid, for dividing equally water body, including the overflow pipe being interconnected and liquid
Body diverter, liquid cyclone is made up of with upper sieve plate former state post seepage flow plate, fixing pipe and 1 piece, former state post seepage flow plate and each sieve
Plate is horizontally installed in fixing pipe from bottom to up, by arranging the aperture of former state post seepage flow plate and sieve plate and pore size distribution density the most not
Identical so that current flow velocity between former state post seepage flow plate and each sieve plate changes, and divides equally current by densely covered hole, it is ensured that water
Body is to infilter into original state post under planar, and simulated groundwater contacts with undisturbed soil planar, and the water body infiltrated the most in time passes through overflow pipe
Discharge；4, detector unit, for detecting flow velocity and the ion concentration of seepage water.
In the undisturbed soil effecive porosity analyzer that the present invention provides, head adjusting part uses shake to rise and buckle limits
The structure of position, height adjustment assembly includes base, slide post, water tank bearing and sliding damper, buckle on slide post, slides and adjust
Joint device is placed on slide post and spacing by buckle, and sliding damper is shaken the hand by lifting, slip cap and fixing sleeve are constituted, and rises
Fall is shaken the hand and can be fluctuated relative to slip cap, arranges buckle equally owing to lifting the end surface near slide post of shaking the hand, rises
The process dropping shake rising of shaking the hand is equivalent to the process of snap into engagement, is slided by the locking of fixing sleeve after being adjusted to correct position
Set, this mechanism structure is simple, easy to adjust and spacing firm.
Supply tank is set to bilateral symmetry, and internal is two identical inner chambers by divides, wherein
One is supplied water for seepage flow, and another is reserve chamber, and two inner chambers are respectively connected with feed pipe, and the other end of feed pipe connects liquid
All subdivisions, when seepage flow liquid changed by needs, directly take down equal for primary liquid subdivision, are put by equal for another liquid subdivision
It is placed in former state capital end, by i.e. can proceed with seepage flow after sealant sealing；Each inner chamber is divided into water supply by overflow plate
Chamber and overflow cavity, drain pipe connects water inlet pipe by three-way interface, and the water discharged by drain pipe pumps into water supply again by water pump
In chamber.
For optimizing separating liquid effect further, design liquid cyclone is by fixing pipe and being horizontally installed to from top to bottom
The first sieve plate, the second sieve plate, the 3rd sieve plate and former state post seepage flow plate in fixing pipe are constituted, and the first sieve plate and the second sieve plate are all provided with
Being calculated as having infiltration district and dash district, dash district is positioned at center or the edge of place sieve plate, the first sieve plate and the gear of the second sieve plate
Position, pool differs, and is used for changing flow direction, weakens flow rate of water flow, when water body enters, equal through the first sieve plate infiltration district
Even shunting, is full of water body between the first sieve plate and the second sieve plate, and liquid is uniformly through flowing to the second sieve plate and the after small sircle hole
Space between three sieve plates, is again divided equally water body by the 3rd sieve plate afterwards, makes water by former state post seepage flow plate densification small sircle hole
Body uniformly under ooze, by the first sieve plate, the second sieve plate, the 3rd sieve plate, former state post seepage flow plate, water body is divided equally, it is ensured that water body in
Infiltering under planar into former state post, the 3rd sieve plate and former state post seepage flow plate interval 1cm, overflow pipe is communicated in above former state post seepage flow plate
At 0.5cm, the thin water layer of 0.5cm is maintained to infiltrate sample on former state post seepage flow plate top.
Owing to, in the undisturbed soil effecive porosity analyzer that the present invention provides, former state post is demountable structure, it is therefore desirable to
A support component of former state post adapts to demountable structure, and a support component includes gripper shoe, support column, retainer ring and support fixer,
Support column is installed in gripper shoe composition integrated support and relies on, and Fixing shrink ring is on original state post, and support fixer is placed on support column
On, retainer ring and support fixer realize the fixing of former state post by threaded fastener connection, for ease of the dismounting of former state post, Gu
Determine ring and support fixer is both designed as the structure that connected and composed by threaded fastener by two ear semicircular ring, support fixing
Device is positioned at the stitching portion of open tubular column, simultaneously works as the effect of auxiliary seal.
The simple in construction of the analyzer of the present invention, measures process easy, and effecive porosity measurement accuracy is higher, possesses good
Application potential, in hydrogeological study, student can be helped to understand effecive porosity and total hole as laboratory teaching instrument
The difference of porosity；In actual production, may be used for measuring the effecive porosity of sample, studying such as further for solute transfer
The offer parameter measurement experimental apparatus such as sea water infiltrates, the migration of leakage-releasing water, diving, subsoil water in-situ immobilization.
Compared with prior art, the undisturbed soil effecive porosity analyzer that the present invention provides has the advantage that
(1) effecive porosity being capable of loose original state ground measures, simple and convenient；
(2) can quick replacement displacement liquid, and keep water head-drop, infiltration head identical；
(3) sensor is utilized, it is possible to accurately draw concentration and time-varying relationship, it is ensured that experimental precision.
Accompanying drawing explanation
The structural representation of the undisturbed soil effecive porosity analyzer that Fig. 1 provides for the present invention.
Fig. 2 is the structural representation of sliding damper.
Fig. 3 is the structural representation of liquid cyclone.
Fig. 4 is the structural representation of a support component.
Wherein, 1-base, 2-reinforcing plate, 3-supply tank, 4-slide post, 5-buckle, 6-water inlet pipe, 7-three-way interface, 8-
Drain pipe, 9-micro pump, 10-water tank bearing, 11-feed water inlet, 12-sliding damper, 13-overflow plate, 14-demarcation strip, 15-
Water inlet, 16-discharge outlet, 17-feed pipe, 18-seal receptacle, 19-liquid cyclone, 20-overflow pipe, 21-former state post, 22-props up
Support holder, 23-tube, 24-retainer ring, 25-threaded fastener, 26-support column, filter plate bottom 27-, 28-resistance
Rate sensor, 29-gripper shoe, 30-wire, 31-display, 32-glass rotameter, 33-lifts and shakes the hand, 34-slip cap,
35-fixes sleeve, 36-bearing pin, the fixing pipe of 37-, 38-the first sieve plate, 39-the second sieve plate, 40-former state post seepage flow plate, 41-the 3rd
Sieve plate, 42-seeps water district, 43-dash district, 44-ear semicircular ring.
Detailed description of the invention
Illustrating the present invention in detail with embodiment below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, present disclosure is not limited to following
Embodiment.
The undisturbed soil effecive porosity analyzer that the present invention provides, its structure is as it is shown in figure 1, include water supplying unit, seepage flow
The equal subdivision of unit, liquid and detector unit, water supplying unit is connected with permeable unit by the equal subdivision of liquid；
Described water supplying unit includes supply tank 3 and head adjusting part, and supply tank is fixed on head adjusting part, supplies water
Case is formed by 3mm thickness poly (methyl methacrylate) plate is bonding, and specification is 22cm*20cm*10cm, and the middle part of described supply tank is provided with demarcation strip
14, supply tank is two identical inner chambers by divides, is equipped with less than supply tank height in two inner chambers
Overflow plate 13, two inner chambers are all divided into water chamber and overflow cavity by overflow plate, and supply tank is provided with and connects with water chamber
Feed water inlet 11 and water inlet 15 and the discharge outlet 16 connected with overflow cavity, supply tank is by the feed pipe being installed on feed water inlet
17 subdivisions equal with liquid connect, and be equipped with in water inlet pipe 6, discharge outlet 16 and be equipped with drain pipe in the water inlet 15 of two inner chambers
8, drain pipe connects water inlet pipe by three-way interface 7, the water inlet pipe 6 between three-way interface and water inlet is provided with miniature
Water pump 9, micro pump 9 is by water body suction water chamber, and when water chamber height of water level is higher than overflow plate 13, unnecessary water flows to overflow
Stream chamber, is discharged by discharge outlet 16 and the drain pipe 8 being connected with supply tank, and drain pipe 8 is by three-way interface 7 with water inlet pipe 6 even
Connect, make the water of discharge flow to water inlet pipe 6 with again with；
Described head adjusting part is height adjustment assembly, and described height adjustment assembly includes base 1, reinforcing plate 2, slides
Post 4, water tank bearing 10 and sliding damper 12, base 1 is the square iron plate of length of side 15cm, and square center has diameter
3cm circular hole, irony circle slide post 4 inserted base 1 circular hole, two irony strip reinforcing plate 2 one end are hinged on base,
The other end is hinged bottom slide post 4, and slide post is provided with buckle 5 vertically, and buckle is the spacing of development length 0.2cm
Projection, buckle 5 spacing is 1cm, and sliding damper 12 is placed on slide post and spacing by buckle, and water tank bearing 10 is fixed on
On sliding damper, water tank bearing 10 material is poly (methyl methacrylate) plate, and specification is 22cm*20cm*1cm, sees Fig. 2, slidable adjustment
Shaken the hand by lifting 33, slip cap 34 and fixing sleeve 35 of device 12 is constituted, and slip cap 34 material is plastics, and top is 8*8*3cm length
Cube, has diameter 3.2cm circular hole, in order to be inserted in slide post 4 in the middle part of cuboid, top bonding water tank bearing 10, slip cap
Cuboid is welded with the bearing pin 36 of a diameter of 0.5cm, lifting shake the hand 33 the pipe that wherein one end is diameter 0.6cm, pipe
Be placed on bearing pin, on the outer surface of pipe same setting space be 1cm, the spacing preiection of development length 0.2cm (buckle), lifting
Shaking the hand in 33 insertion slip cap 34 cuboids, and can fluctuate around bearing pin 36, buckle 5 drives slip cap 34 liters
Fall, slip cap 34 and then drive water tank bearing 10 lift, and slip cap 34 bottom is upper diameter 4cm, the open circles of lower diameter 3.5cm
Platform, hollow round table is welded on cuboid bottom, and the inwall of hollow round table arranges buckle 5 equally, outer wall has screw thread, hollow round table
Side arm on offer more than 2 vertical cracks；Fixing sleeve 35 is interior diameter 3.6cm, overall diameter 4.0cm, the annulus of high 1cm,
Inwall has and the screw thread of hollow round table outer wall identical pitch, when slip cap 34 drives water tank bearing 10 to be elevated to certain altitude
Place, is tightened on fixing sleeve 35 outside slip cap 34 lower hollow round platform, hollow round table inwall buckle 5 and slide post 4 outer wall
The mutual clamping of buckle 5, reaches fixed effect；
The equal subdivision of liquid is two sets, it is simple to conversion liquid, ensure that supply tank 3 to separating liquid when changing liquid
Device 19 head of intaking is constant；The equal subdivision of described liquid is connected with the water side of feed pipe 17, and the equal subdivision of described liquid includes
The overflow pipe 20 being interconnected and liquid cyclone 19, the outlet of feed pipe 17 is positioned at the center on liquid cyclone top, liquid
Body diverter 19 is cylindrical, and entirety is formed by lucite tube is bonding, and liquid cyclone 19 can be placed on permeable unit,
It is not required to reinforce, it is simple to two liquid cyclones 19 are quickly replaced, and see Fig. 3, and described liquid cyclone 19 is by fixing pipe 37
And it is horizontally installed to the first sieve plate the 38, second sieve plate the 39, the 3rd sieve plate 41 and former state post seepage flow in fixing pipe from top to bottom
Plate 40 is constituted, and the first sieve plate 38 and the second sieve plate 39 are the circular poly (methyl methacrylate) plate of diameter 22cm, by a diameter of 22cm, height
Degree is connected for the cylindric lucite tube of 0.5cm (fixing pipe 37 top), the 3rd sieve plate 41 and the diameter of former state post seepage flow plate 40
It is 20cm, is that the cylindric lucite tube of 3cm (fixing pipe 37 bottom) is connected by a diameter of 20cm, height, adjacent two sieves
Plate small sircle hole is staggered arrangement, is spaced apart 1cm between the 3rd sieve plate and former state post seepage flow plate, and overflow pipe 20 is communicated in former state post and oozes
Above stream plate at 0.5cm, the water body infiltrated the most in time is derived by overflow pipe 20, maintains 0.5cm on former state post seepage flow plate 40 top
Thin water layer infiltrates sample, and the first sieve plate 38 central diameter has the waterproof small circular plate of 1cm (i.e. dash district 43), and small circular plate divides to liquid
At stream device 19 edge 1cm, (being similarly dash district at the first sieve plate 38 edge 1cm) is full of a diameter of 0.4cm small sircle hole, this region
Being infiltration district 42, each small sircle hole center of circle is separated by 0.8cm, and each column small sircle hole is staggered arrangement；Second sieve plate 39 edge 2cm (the
Be similarly dash district at two sieve plate 39 edge 2cm) within entirety have a diameter of 0.4cm small sircle hole, each small sircle hole center of circle phase
Every 0.8cm, each column small sircle hole is staggered arrangement；3rd sieve plate 41 entirety has a diameter of 0.3cm small sircle hole, each small sircle hole center of circle
Being separated by 0.6cm, each column small sircle hole is staggered arrangement；Former state post seepage flow plate 40 entirety has 0.3cm small sircle hole, each small sircle hole center of circle
Being separated by 0.45cm, each column small sircle hole is staggered arrangement；
Described permeable unit includes original state post 21, seal receptacle 18, bottom filter plate 27 and a support component, liquid cyclone 19
Connecting in the top of original state post and with original state post, original state post is fixed in a support component, and seal receptacle 18 is by the irony circle of high 2cm
The round iron plate welding of ring and diameter 20cm, thickness 1cm is constituted, and seal receptacle 18 is connected closing original state post with original state post lower end, close
Being provided with, in the round iron plate in envelope seat bottom portion, the tube 23 connected with test chamber, effusion meter is fixed in tube,
Bottom filter plate 27 is diameter 20cm irony sieve plate, and its screen-aperture is 0.4cm, and each sieve aperture center of circle is separated by 0.8cm, bottom filter plate
27 are fixedly welded in seal receptacle composition test chamber, and described original state post is by 3 interior diameter 20cm, overall diameter 22cm, high 30cm
Irony open tubular column is spliced to form, upper open tubular column end face be plane, bottom be longitudinal section wedge shape chimb triangular in shape, wedge shape chimb
Wedge angle angle is 45 °, the top of hollow stem and lower open tubular column be the wedge-shaped impression that matches with wedge shape chimb, bottom be wedge shape
Chimb, the upper end of seal receptacle is wedge-shaped impression, smears sealing during wedge shape chimb inserts wedge-shaped impression during connection and in joint
Glue is with preventing water leakage；
Described support component includes that gripper shoe 29, support column 26, retainer ring 24 and support fixer 22, gripper shoe 29 are
The strip iron plate of 20cm*5cm*1cm, support column 26 is long 70cm, diameter 3cm round iron post, and support column 26 lower weld is propping up
On fagging 29, retainer ring 24 is fixed on hollow former state post 21 joint, sees Fig. 4, and retainer ring 24 is by two ear semicircular ring 44
Being connected and composed by threaded fastener 25, ear semicircular ring 44 radius is 11cm, high 3cm, can be by the most solid for hollow former state post 21
Fixed, ear semicircular ring 44 both sides have the screw having diameter 1cm, 0.5cm successively, wherein one, diameter 1cm screw side,
Two, 0.5cm screw side, the ear in former state post 21 both sides is by threaded fastener 25 by retainer ring 24 with former state post 21 admittedly
Fixed, support fixer 22 by two radiuses be 1.5cm, the ear semicircular ring of high 3cm form, both sides ear have two straight
The screw of footpath 0.5cm, screws spiral shell by two 0.5cm screws near former state post 21 between support fixer 22 and retainer ring 24
Nail is fixing；
Described detector unit includes display 31, glass rotameter 32 and 3 resistivity sensors 28, glass rotors
Effusion meter 32 is fixed in tube 23 and connects with test chamber, and 3 resistivity sensors 28 are positioned in test chamber also
And uniform along seal receptacle circumferencial direction, display is positioned at outside test chamber and is electrically connected with resistivity sensor by wire 30
Connect.
The operation principle of the undisturbed soil effecive porosity analyzer that the present invention provides is as follows:
Resistivity R measured by resistivity sensor, draws displacement according to resistivity R and displacing fluid concentration C relation curve
Liquid concentration C and time T relationship change curve, utilize C-T curve, draw sand, clay effecive porosity (Φ) computing formula.
(1) undisturbed soil (adsorptivity) effecive porosity is measured:
In formula: Φ sample effecive porosity, %；
V displacing fluid Darcy velocity, cm/min；
L specimen height, is also displacing fluid displacement approach simultaneously, cm；
T0.5When displacing fluid flows out, concentration is the time of its original content half, min；
According to Darcy's law, have:
In formula: Q displacing fluid flow, cm3/min；
S sample section area, cm2；
(2) undisturbed soil (adsorptivity) effecive porosity is measured:
By relation between displacing fluid Darcy velocity and pore velocity:
In formula: U pore velocity, cm/min；
From One-Dimensional flows-dispersion model:
In formula: DjOne-dimensional dispersion coefficient；
CjWater outlet ion concentration, mol/L；
RjIon reduces concentration, mol/L；
X displacing fluid displacement distance, cm；
The t displacement time, min；
t0.841、t0.159Displacing fluid concentration is 0.841C0、0.159C0The corresponding time.
The job step of the undisturbed soil effecive porosity analyzer that the present invention provides is as follows:
1, sample is gathered
1.1, vertically sample
Top, required measurement effecive porosity soil sample place is cleared up, then soil is inserted in tip, lower open tubular column lower end
Earth, uses and hits thing and exert oneself open tubular column top under hammering, after sample point soil sample peak reaches lower open tubular column top, by hollow
Lower open tubular column top indent triangle is inserted in tip, stem lower end, is inserted by upper open tubular column successively, when former state post does not buries
In sample, stop hammering, soil sample around former state post is excavated, expose overall former state post, smear fluid sealant in former state post joint, will
Retainer ring is fixed on former state post, is disposably taken out by former state post；
1.2, level sampling
Required measurement effecive porosity soil sample is made sectional elevation, lower open tubular column lower end most advanced level is inserted soil sample
In, use and hit thing and exert oneself open tubular column top under hammering, after sample point soil sample peak reaches lower open tubular column top, by hollow
Lower open tubular column top indent triangle is inserted in tip, stem lower end, is inserted by upper open tubular column successively, when former state post does not buries
In sample, stop hammering, soil sample around former state post is excavated, expose overall former state post, smear fluid sealant in former state post joint, will
Retainer ring is fixed on former state post, is disposably taken out by former state post；
1.3, combination unit
Being arranged on base by former state post, fixing connection, liquid cyclone is placed on former state post top, and liquid cyclone is with former
Fluid sealant is smeared in sample post joint, prevents from leaking, and checks device sealing, adjusts water supply installation height, makes infiltration water body penetrate into
Former state earth pillar；
1.4, specification is measured
Measure former state post sample section area S, specimen height L；Corresponding to 0.2mol/L sodium chloride, 0.1mol/L sodium chloride
Resistivity R；
1.5, test process
Opening water inlet pipe, making the left inside chamber suction deionization water body of supply tank, right inner chamber suction concentration is 0.2mol/L's
NaCl solution, is connected the liquid cyclone being connected with left inside chamber with former state post, makes to ooze under deionization water body to former state post, instantly
After portion's flow, resistivity stable reading, the separating liquid that left inside chamber connects replaced by the liquid cyclone connected by right inner chamber rapidly
Device infiltrates, and starts simultaneously at real time record and infiltrates time T, resistivity R, flow Q；When reaching corresponding to 0.1mol/L sodium chloride
Resistivity R time, record flow Q, cumulative time T0.5；Stop surveying when reaching resistivity R corresponding to 0.2mol/L sodium chloride
Fixed, record cumulative time T.
Claims (10)
1. a undisturbed soil effecive porosity analyzer, at least includes water supplying unit, permeable unit and detector unit, water supplying unit
Connect with permeable unit, it is characterised in that: described water supplying unit includes supply tank and head adjusting part, described head regulation group
Part is height adjustment assembly, and supply tank is fixed on head adjusting part, is provided with the spilling water less than supply tank height in supply tank
Plate, supply tank is divided into water chamber and overflow cavity by overflow plate, and supply tank is provided with the feed water inlet connected with water chamber and enters
The mouth of a river and the discharge outlet connected with overflow cavity, supply tank is connected with permeable unit by the feed pipe being installed on feed water inlet；
The water side of feed pipe is provided with the equal subdivision of liquid, and the equal subdivision of liquid is positioned on permeable unit, described liquid equal subdivision bag
Including the overflow pipe and liquid cyclone being interconnected, the outlet of feed pipe is positioned at the center on liquid cyclone top, described liquid
Body diverter is made up of with upper sieve plate former state post seepage flow plate, fixing pipe and 1 piece, and former state post seepage flow plate and each sieve plate are the most suitable
Sequence is distributed in fixing pipe, and former state post seepage flow plate and sieve plate are aperture and the pore size distribution of orifice plate, former state post seepage flow plate and sieve plate
Density all differs, and overflow pipe is communicated in former state post seepage flow plate and between the sieve plate of bottom；Described permeable unit includes former
Shape post, seal receptacle, bottom filter plate and a support component, liquid cyclone is positioned at the top of original state post and connects with original state post, former
Shape post is fixed in a support component, and seal receptacle is connected with original state post lower end, closes original state post, and bottom filter plate is positioned under original state post
Side and being fixed in seal receptacle, bottom filter plate constitutes test chamber with seal receptacle, and described original state post is spliced by more than 1 open tubular column
Constituting, the end of open tubular column is wedge shape chimb or the wedge-shaped impression matched with wedge shape chimb, is positioned at the open tubular column end face at top
For plane, the upper end of seal receptacle is wedge-shaped impression or wedge shape chimb, and seal receptacle and original state post are by wedge-shaped impression and wedge shape chimb
It is fastened and connected；Described detector unit includes display, effusion meter and more than 1 resistivity sensor, and effusion meter passes through seal receptacle
Fixing and connect with test chamber, resistivity sensor is positioned in test chamber, and display is positioned at outside test chamber and passes through wire
It is electrically connected with resistivity sensor.
Undisturbed soil effecive porosity analyzer the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: described height adjustment assembly bag
Including base, slide post, water tank bearing and sliding damper, slide post is fixed on base, and slide post is provided with buckle vertically,
Sliding damper is placed on slide post and spacing by buckle, and water tank bearing is fixed on sliding damper.
Undisturbed soil effecive porosity analyzer the most according to claim 2, it is characterised in that: described buckle is limit convex
Rising, sliding damper is shaken the hand by lifting, slip cap and fixing sleeve are constituted, and fixing sleeve is connected with the lower thread of slip cap,
Being provided with bearing pin in the top of described slip cap, wherein one end that lifting is shaken the hand is pipe, and pipe is placed on bearing pin and and bearing pin
Matched in clearance, the other end that lifting is shaken the hand protrudes from outside slip cap, on the outer surface of pipe and the inner surface of slip cap bottom
It is equipped with spacing preiection.
Undisturbed soil effecive porosity analyzer the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the middle part of described supply tank sets
Having demarcation strip, supply tank is two identical inner chambers by divides, is equipped with overflow plate in two inner chambers, two
Being equipped with feed pipe on the feed water inlet of inner chamber, the other end of two feed pipes is respectively connected with the equal subdivision of liquid, one of them liquid
The equal subdivision of body connects with original state post, the water inlet of two inner chambers is equipped with in water inlet pipe, discharge outlet and is equipped with drain pipe, row
Water pipe connects water inlet pipe by three-way interface, and water inlet pipe is provided with water pump on the pipeline section between three-way interface and water inlet.
Undisturbed soil effecive porosity analyzer the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: described liquid cyclone is by solid
Fixed tube and be subsequently attached to the first sieve plate, the second sieve plate, the 3rd sieve plate and the former state post seepage flow plate in fixing pipe from top to bottom
Constitute, the infiltration district of the first sieve plate and the second sieve plate is equipped with dash district, described dash district be positioned at place sieve plate center or
Edge.
Undisturbed soil effecive porosity analyzer the most according to claim 5, it is characterised in that: the 3rd sieve plate oozes with former state post
Vertical spacing between stream plate is 1cm, and overflow pipe is communicated in above former state post seepage flow plate at 0.5cm.
Undisturbed soil effecive porosity analyzer the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: described support component includes propping up
Fagging, support column, retainer ring and support fixer, support column is installed in gripper shoe, and Fixing shrink ring is on original state post and position
In the stitching portion of open tubular column, support fixer is placed on support column, and retainer ring and support fixer are connected by threaded fastener.
Undisturbed soil effecive porosity analyzer the most according to claim 7, it is characterised in that: described retainer ring and support are solid
Determining device to be connected and composed by threaded fastener by two ear semicircular ring, threaded fastener is positioned at the ear of ear semicircular ring.
Undisturbed soil effecive porosity analyzer the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the bottom of described seal receptacle sets
Having the tube connected with test chamber, effusion meter is fixed in tube.
Undisturbed soil effecive porosity analyzer the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: fixing in described test chamber
Having 3 resistivity sensors, 3 resistivity sensors are uniform along seal receptacle circumferencial direction.
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| CN107389532A (en) * | 2017-09-05 | 2017-11-24 | 贵州省交通规划勘察设计研究院股份有限公司 | A kind of experimental rig and method for being used to test porous engineering material space distribution characteristics |
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| CN106644835A (en) * | 2016-12-08 | 2017-05-10 | 同济大学 | Determining device and method of chloride ion vertical diffusion coefficient under different hydraulic gradients |
| CN106644890A (en) * | 2017-02-10 | 2017-05-10 | 三峡大学 | Device for measuring soil sample permeability coefficient in indoor soil engineering test |
| CN107389532A (en) * | 2017-09-05 | 2017-11-24 | 贵州省交通规划勘察设计研究院股份有限公司 | A kind of experimental rig and method for being used to test porous engineering material space distribution characteristics |
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| CN108344677A (en) * | 2018-03-20 | 2018-07-31 | 安徽理工大学 | The circulation experiment device of porosity, specific yield and infiltration coefficient can be measured simultaneously |
| CN108918384A (en) * | 2018-07-18 | 2018-11-30 | 重庆大学 | Earth pillar seepage inflow erosion experimental provision and soil-water separate experimental method under a kind of rain infiltration |
| CN108918384B (en) * | 2018-07-18 | 2022-04-26 | 重庆大学 | Rainwater infiltration soil column seepage erosion experimental device and soil-water separation experimental method |
| WO2020035218A1 (en) * | 2018-08-16 | 2020-02-20 | IFP Energies Nouvelles | Method for determining a quantity of gas adsorbed in a porous medium |
| FR3085073A1 (en) * | 2018-08-16 | 2020-02-21 | IFP Energies Nouvelles | METHOD FOR DETERMINING A QUANTITY OF GAS ADSORBED IN A POROUS MEDIUM |
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| CN109211464A (en) * | 2018-09-18 | 2019-01-15 | 水利部交通运输部国家能源局南京水利科学研究院 | Osmometer embedded device and method for embedding |
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| CN112730570A (en) * | 2021-01-06 | 2021-04-30 | 西南大学 | Measuring device and measuring method for flow potential coefficient and zeta potential |
| CN113030438A (en) * | 2021-03-09 | 2021-06-25 | 中国地质大学（武汉） | Method for testing water content and water content of rock-soil body based on thermodynamic equilibrium |
| CN114778410A (en) * | 2022-04-24 | 2022-07-22 | 西安石油大学 | Rock pore structure's chemical examination equipment |
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