CN105352874A - Test method and device for measuring soil body porosity indoors - Google Patents
Test method and device for measuring soil body porosity indoors Download PDFInfo
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- CN105352874A CN105352874A CN201510926506.XA CN201510926506A CN105352874A CN 105352874 A CN105352874 A CN 105352874A CN 201510926506 A CN201510926506 A CN 201510926506A CN 105352874 A CN105352874 A CN 105352874A
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- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 115
- 238000010998 test method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 15
- 229920001971 elastomer Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 53
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 29
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 238000005336 cracking Methods 0.000 claims description 26
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 claims description 20
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000000740 bleeding effect Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000000643 oven drying Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000005070 sampling Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- GOLXNESZZPUPJE-UHFFFAOYSA-N spiromesifen Chemical compound CC1=CC(C)=CC(C)=C1C(C(O1)=O)=C(OC(=O)CC(C)(C)C)C11CCCC1 GOLXNESZZPUPJE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 abstract description 3
- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 abstract 2
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000001739 density measurement Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000000523 sample Substances 0.000 description 36
- DKGAVHZHDRPRBM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tert-Butanol Chemical compound CC(C)(C)O DKGAVHZHDRPRBM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- KFSLWBXXFJQRDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Peracetic acid Chemical compound CC(=O)OO KFSLWBXXFJQRDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229920002554 vinyl polymer Polymers 0.000 description 2
- WLNWTSOEOWZEGI-SVSQYMGHSA-N 24-hydroperoxy-24-vinylcholesterol Chemical compound C1C=C2C[C@@H](O)CC[C@]2(C)[C@@H]2[C@@H]1[C@@H]1CC[C@H]([C@H](C)CCC(C(C)C)(OO)C=C)[C@@]1(C)CC2 WLNWTSOEOWZEGI-SVSQYMGHSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WLNWTSOEOWZEGI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 24xi-hydroperoxy-24-vinylcholesterol Natural products C1C=C2CC(O)CCC2(C)C2C1C1CCC(C(C)CCC(C(C)C)(OO)C=C)C1(C)CC2 WLNWTSOEOWZEGI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000001133 acceleration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000011114 ammonium hydroxide Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003098 cholesteric effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012153 distilled water Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007667 floating Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012497 inhomogeneous sample Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000011545 laboratory measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920006173 natural rubber latex Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005303 weighing Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N15/00—Investigating characteristics of particles; Investigating permeability, pore-volume or surface-area of porous materials
- G01N15/08—Investigating permeability, pore-volume, or surface area of porous materials
- G01N15/088—Investigating volume, surface area, size or distribution of pores; Porosimetry
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Dispersion Chemistry (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
- Biochemistry (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Immunology (AREA)
- Pathology (AREA)
- Sampling And Sample Adjustment (AREA)
- Investigating Strength Of Materials By Application Of Mechanical Stress (AREA)
- Investigating Or Analyzing Non-Biological Materials By The Use Of Chemical Means (AREA)
Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field of geotechnical engineering, and in particular relates to a test method and device for measuring soil porosity indoors. The test device comprises a soil body sample, a drying oven, a drying box, a sandbath and soil particle specific gravity bottle, an electronic scales, a rubber membrane, a rubber membrane sealing band, a one-way air extracting valve, an air extracting cylinder, a digital tautness meter, a concave container, a thin filament and a cylindrical container. Compared with the prior art, the test method and device for measuring soil porosity indoors, provided by the invention obtain the porosity of a soil sample according to parameter water content, specific gravity of soil particle and a difference of two times of data of the tautness meter which are obtained in the test; according to the method and the device, density measurement on soil is avoided, by directly starting with mass and density which are easiest to measure, the porosity is directly calculated, so the result is more accurate, the defect of big error of a current method is overcome, and the practicability is very high.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to Geotechnical Engineering field, specifically, relate to a kind of test method and device of Indoor measurement soil cracking behavior.
Background technology
Soil cracking behavior is the basic physical parameters of soil, is the important parameter that current shop experiment analyzes soil characteristics.The method of present analysis soil cracking behavior is few, and generally all adopt scaling method to analyze, concrete steps are: first, measure dry density and the specific gravity of soil partical of the soil body, then utilize formula n=1-[ρ
d/ (G
sρ
w)] calculate.Wherein, n is soil cracking behavior; ρ
dfor the dry density of soil body sample; G
sfor specific gravity of soil partical; ρ
wfor the density of pure water 4 DEG C time, be generally 1g/cm
3.In formula, pure water density is fixed value, and the accurate efficiency of soil particle density precision in laboratory measurement is high.The dry density shop experiment measuring method of current soil body sample is based on core cutter method, but core cutter method is not accurate enough, mainly there are the following problems: the problem 1) heterogeneous soil body being existed to sample preparation difficulty, cannot test for very inhomogeneous sample; 2) in core cutter method sample making course, soil body sample is compressed, affect test index; 3) be difficult to guarantee that soil sample face flushes completely with cutting ring actinal surface when eliminating soil more than two ends; 4) reciprocal floating soil sample affects sample mass.This four problems has a strong impact on authenticity and the accuracy of density, thus indirectly causes the porosity distortion of soil.
Summary of the invention
For solving the problems of the technologies described above, the invention provides that a kind of instrument is easy, the method test method of Indoor measurement soil cracking behavior and device accurately.
The test method of a kind of Indoor measurement soil cracking behavior of the present invention, described test method concrete steps are: (1) gathers soil body sample 1, in sampling process soil sample must not pressurized, by squeeze and turned round, avoid flutter failure soil structures in transportation; (2) in soil body sample 1, cut soil, use baking oven and drying box 2 to measure soil's water content ω according to oven drying method working specification, use sand bath and specific gravity of soil partical bottle 3 to measure specific gravity of soil partical G according to pycnometer method working specification
s; (3) electronic balance 4 is used to weigh both rubber diaphragm 5 and rubber diaphragm Sealing strap 6 weight m
1; Soil body sample 1 is loaded rubber diaphragm 5, weighs soil body sample 1, rubber diaphragm 5 and rubber diaphragm Sealing strap 6 three quality m
2, handle with care in mobile soil sample process, forbid to damage the integrality of soil body sample 1; (4) use rubber diaphragm Sealing strap 6 to be closed by the rubber diaphragm 5 of band aspirating hole 7, use pump bowl 8 to be extracted out by the air of rubber diaphragm 5 from aspirating hole 7, stop when rubber diaphragm 5 is tightly attached on soil body sample 1 wall bleeding; (5) rubber diaphragm 5 and rubber diaphragm Sealing strap 6 that soil body sample 1 is housed are placed in concave-shaped receptacle 10; Concave-shaped receptacle 10 be completely submerged in density be ρ
solutionsolution in, its upper end is connected with digital display type tautness meter 9 by filament 11, read data F
1; (6) unclamp rubber diaphragm Sealing strap 6, soil body sample 1 is put into concave-shaped receptacle 10, repeatedly slowly rinse rubber diaphragm 5 with clear water, and slowly pour obtained aqueous solution into concave-shaped receptacle 10; (7) concave-shaped receptacle 10 is slowly put into the cylindrical container 12 filling solution, do not have concave-shaped receptacle 10 end face to cylindrical container 12 solution face, and left standstill 1-3h, treat that soil body sample is dispersed into graininess completely, filament 11 is hung on digital display type tautness meter 9, reads data F
2; (8) according to following formulae discovery soil cracking behavior n:
In formula, m
1for soil body sample quality, ω is soil's water content, and when ρ water is 4 DEG C, the density of pure water, generally gets 1g/cm
3, F
1, F
2for the reading of twice before and after digital display type tautness meter, ρ solution is the density of solution, and g is acceleration of gravity, generally gets 9.8m/s
2, Gs is specific gravity of soil partical.Should by unit unification for international unit be analyzed during calculating.
The test unit of a kind of Indoor measurement soil cracking behavior of the present invention, described test unit comprises soil body sample 1, baking oven and drying box 2, sand bath and specific gravity of soil partical bottle 3, electronic balance 4, rubber diaphragm 5, rubber diaphragm Sealing strap 6, unidirectional evacuating valve 7, pump bowl 8, digital display type tautness meter 9, concave-shaped receptacle 10, filament 11 and cylindrical container 12.
The test unit of a kind of Indoor measurement soil cracking behavior of the present invention, the precision of described electronic balance 4 is 0.01g.
The test unit of a kind of Indoor measurement soil cracking behavior of the present invention, described rubber diaphragm 5 is only have the hollow cylinder putting soil sample into of recording quantity, cube or rectangular parallelepiped, it is made up of airtight material, and face direction has a unidirectional evacuating valve 7, for pump bowl 8, air is discharged.
The test unit of a kind of Indoor measurement soil cracking behavior of the present invention, the precision of described digital display type tautness meter 9 is 0.098gf.
The test unit of a kind of Indoor measurement soil cracking behavior of the present invention, the diameter of described concave-shaped receptacle 10 is greater than 20cm, and the degree of depth is greater than 15cm.
Compared with prior art, the difference of parameter water cut, specific gravity of soil partical and twice tautness meter data that the test method of Indoor measurement soil cracking behavior of the present invention obtains in test according to soil sample, draws the porosity of soil sample; The method and device avoid the density measure carrying out soil, directly start with from the quality the most easily measured and density, and directly calculate porosity result more accurate, make up the shortcoming that current method error is large, practicality is very high.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1: each component drawings of test unit of Indoor measurement soil cracking behavior; Soil body sample-1, baking oven and drying box-2, sand bath and specific gravity of soil partical bottle-3, electronic balance-4, rubber diaphragm-5, rubber diaphragm Sealing strap-6, unidirectional evacuating valve-7, pump bowl-8, digital display type tautness meter-9, concave-shaped receptacle-10, filament-1, cylindrical container-12.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with specific embodiment, the test method of Indoor measurement soil cracking behavior of the present invention and device are described further, but protection scope of the present invention is not limited to this.
Embodiment 1
In certain height highway construction, the porosity of a collection of subgrade soils need detect in testing laboratory of construction unit, and then evaluates the modulus of roadbed and whether CBR value meets the demands.Therefore have employed a kind of test method and device of Indoor measurement soil cracking behavior, its device is see Fig. 1.
Concrete testing process is as follows: (1) utilize gather cylindrical soil body sample, in sampling process soil sample must not pressurized, by squeeze and turned round, avoid flutter failure soil structures in transportation; (2) in soil body sample, cut soil, using baking oven and drying box 2 to measure soil's water content ω according to oven drying method working specification is 12%, uses sand bath and specific gravity of soil partical bottle 3 to measure specific gravity of soil partical G according to pycnometer method working specification
sbe 2.718; (3) using electronic balance 4 to weigh both rubber diaphragm 5 and rubber diaphragm Sealing strap 6 weight m1 is 12.52g; Soil body sample 1 is loaded rubber diaphragm 5, and weighing soil body sample 1, rubber diaphragm 5 and rubber diaphragm Sealing strap 6 three quality m2 is 197.65g; (4) use rubber diaphragm Sealing strap 6 to be closed by the rubber diaphragm 5 of band aspirating hole 7, use pump bowl 8 to be extracted out by the air of rubber diaphragm 5 from aspirating hole 7, stop when rubber diaphragm 5 is tightly attached on soil body sample 1 wall bleeding; (5) rubber diaphragm 5 and rubber diaphragm Sealing strap 6 that soil body sample 1 is housed are placed in concave-shaped receptacle 10; Concave-shaped receptacle 10 is completely submerged in aqueous solution, and its upper end is connected with digital display type tautness meter 9 by filament 11, reads data F
1for 1530.15gf; (6) unclamp rubber diaphragm Sealing strap 6, soil body sample 1 is put into concave-shaped receptacle 10, repeatedly slowly rinse rubber diaphragm 5 with clear water, and slowly pour obtained aqueous solution into concave-shaped receptacle 10; (7) concave-shaped receptacle 10 is slowly put into the cylindrical container 12 filling solution, do not have concave-shaped receptacle 10 end face to cylindrical container 12 solution face, and left standstill 1-3h, treat that soil body sample is dispersed into graininess completely, filament 11 is hung on digital display type tautness meter 9, reads data F
2for 1405.65gf; (8) be 0.2442 according to formulae discovery soil cracking behavior n.
Due to when bleeding, the integrality of soil body sample should be ensured, can ensure to the greatest extent that air extraction is complete again, require higher to the elasticity of rubber diaphragm material and air impermeability.Therefore, the present invention has done process to rubber diaphragm material, concrete steps are as follows: the natural rubber latex getting 15 mass parts, add the Peracetic acid of 60 mass parts and the 24-hydroperoxy-24-vinyl cholesterol of 10 quality, the tert-butyl alcohol simultaneously adding 7 mass parts is uniformly mixed, and at room temperature leaves standstill 24 hours, then add ammoniacal liquor to neutralize, with the centrifuge washing 3 times of distilled water, then make it dry under vacuo, obtain the rubber diaphragm material after process.With only do not add compared with the cholesteric process of 24-hydroperoxy-24-vinyl, this rubber diaphragm material is after the process of 24-hydroperoxy-24-vinyl ornitrol oxidation, and its gas transmission coefficient is 2.91 × 10
4(cm
3μm/m
2it atmospheric pressure), reduce 23%; Its stretch modulus is 12MPa, improves 17%.
Compared with prior art, the difference of parameter water cut, specific gravity of soil partical and twice tautness meter data that the test method of Indoor measurement soil cracking behavior of the present invention obtains in test according to soil sample, draws the porosity of soil sample; The method and device avoid the density measure carrying out soil, directly start with from the quality the most easily measured and density, and directly calculate porosity result more accurate, make up the shortcoming that current method error is large, practicality is very high.
Claims (6)
1. the test method of an Indoor measurement soil cracking behavior, it is characterized in that, described test method concrete steps are: gather soil body sample (1), in sampling process soil sample must not pressurized, by squeeze and turned round, avoid flutter failure soil structures in transportation; Soil body sample (1) cuts soil, uses baking oven and drying box (2) to measure soil's water content ω according to oven drying method working specification, use sand bath and specific gravity of soil partical bottle (3) to measure specific gravity of soil partical G according to pycnometer method working specification
s; Electronic balance (4) is used to weigh rubber diaphragm (5) and both weight m of rubber diaphragm Sealing strap (6)
1; Soil body sample (1) is loaded rubber diaphragm (5), weighs soil body sample (1), rubber diaphragm (5) and rubber diaphragm Sealing strap (6) three quality m
2, handle with care in mobile soil sample process, forbid damage soil body sample (1) integrality; Use rubber diaphragm Sealing strap (6) will close with the rubber diaphragm of aspirating hole (7) (5), use pump bowl (8) to be extracted out by the air of rubber diaphragm (5) from aspirating hole (7), stop when rubber diaphragm (5) is attached on soil body sample (1) wall bleeding; Rubber diaphragm (5) and rubber diaphragm Sealing strap (6) that soil body sample (1) is housed are placed in concave-shaped receptacle (10); Concave-shaped receptacle (10) be completely submerged in density be ρ
solutionsolution in, its upper end is connected with digital display type tautness meter (9) by filament (11), reading data F
1; Unclamp rubber diaphragm Sealing strap (6), soil body sample (1) is put into concave-shaped receptacle (10), repeatedly slowly rinse rubber diaphragm (5) with clear water, and obtained aqueous solution is slowly poured into concave-shaped receptacle (10); Concave-shaped receptacle (10) is slowly put into the cylindrical container (12) filling solution, concave-shaped receptacle (10) end face was not had to cylindrical container (12) solution face, leave standstill 1-3h, treat that soil body sample is dispersed into graininess completely, filament (11) is hung on digital display type tautness meter (9), reads data F
2; According to following formulae discovery soil cracking behavior n:
2. the test unit for the Indoor measurement soil cracking behavior of test method described in claim 1, it is characterized in that, described test unit comprises soil body sample (1), baking oven and drying box (2), sand bath and specific gravity of soil partical bottle (3), electronic balance (4), rubber diaphragm (5), rubber diaphragm Sealing strap (6), unidirectional evacuating valve (7), pump bowl (8), digital display type tautness meter (9), concave-shaped receptacle (10), filament (11) and cylindrical container (12).
3. the test unit of a kind of Indoor measurement soil cracking behavior according to claim 2, is characterized in that, the precision of described electronic balance (4) is 0.01g.
4. the test unit of a kind of Indoor measurement soil cracking behavior according to claim 2, it is characterized in that, described rubber diaphragm (5) is only have the hollow cylinder putting soil sample into of recording quantity, cube or rectangular parallelepiped, it is made up of airtight material, and face direction has a unidirectional evacuating valve (7), for pump bowl (8), air is discharged.
5. the test unit of a kind of Indoor measurement soil cracking behavior according to claim 2, is characterized in that, the precision of described digital display type tautness meter (9) is 0.098gf.
6. the test unit of a kind of Indoor measurement soil cracking behavior according to claim 2, is characterized in that, the diameter of described concave-shaped receptacle (10) is greater than 20cm, and the degree of depth is greater than 15cm.
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|---|---|---|---|
| CN201510926506.XA CN105352874B (en) | 2015-12-14 | 2015-12-14 | A kind of test method and device of indoor measurement soil cracking behavior |
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|---|---|---|---|
| CN201510926506.XA CN105352874B (en) | 2015-12-14 | 2015-12-14 | A kind of test method and device of indoor measurement soil cracking behavior |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN105352874A true CN105352874A (en) | 2016-02-24 |
| CN105352874B CN105352874B (en) | 2017-12-15 |
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Cited By (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN106124386A (en) * | 2016-09-01 | 2016-11-16 | 中国地质大学（武汉） | A kind of undisturbed soil effecive porosity analyzer |
| CN109357990A (en) * | 2018-12-28 | 2019-02-19 | 中国科学院武汉岩土力学研究所 | A kind of measurement method and soil body minimum porosity measuring instrument of soil body minimum porosity |
| CN109446699A (en) * | 2018-11-09 | 2019-03-08 | 昆明理工大学 | A kind of prediction technique of grouting amount needed for the loose crushed stone soil layer of floral tube grouting and reinforcing |
| CN110595976A (en) * | 2019-08-07 | 2019-12-20 | 中国水利水电科学研究院 | Experimental device and method for rapidly measuring porosity of soil in field |
| CN111380793A (en) * | 2020-04-03 | 2020-07-07 | 湖南中科特种陶瓷技术开发有限公司 | Method for testing porosity of porous ceramic component |
| CN113329846A (en) * | 2019-02-01 | 2021-08-31 | 株式会社则武 | Metal bond grindstone for high-hardness brittle material |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN106124386A (en) * | 2016-09-01 | 2016-11-16 | 中国地质大学（武汉） | A kind of undisturbed soil effecive porosity analyzer |
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| CN109446699A (en) * | 2018-11-09 | 2019-03-08 | 昆明理工大学 | A kind of prediction technique of grouting amount needed for the loose crushed stone soil layer of floral tube grouting and reinforcing |
| CN109357990A (en) * | 2018-12-28 | 2019-02-19 | 中国科学院武汉岩土力学研究所 | A kind of measurement method and soil body minimum porosity measuring instrument of soil body minimum porosity |
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| CN110595976A (en) * | 2019-08-07 | 2019-12-20 | 中国水利水电科学研究院 | Experimental device and method for rapidly measuring porosity of soil in field |
| CN110595976B (en) * | 2019-08-07 | 2021-06-15 | 中国水利水电科学研究院 | Experimental device and method for rapidly measuring porosity of soil in field |
| CN111380793A (en) * | 2020-04-03 | 2020-07-07 | 湖南中科特种陶瓷技术开发有限公司 | Method for testing porosity of porous ceramic component |
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| CN105352874B (en) | 2017-12-15 |
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