CN108267344B - A kind of sloping surface runoff field runoff sampler - Google Patents
A kind of sloping surface runoff field runoff sampler Download PDFInfo
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- CN108267344B CN108267344B CN201810079498.3A CN201810079498A CN108267344B CN 108267344 B CN108267344 B CN 108267344B CN 201810079498 A CN201810079498 A CN 201810079498A CN 108267344 B CN108267344 B CN 108267344B
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- floating ball
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N1/00—Sampling; Preparing specimens for investigation
- G01N1/02—Devices for withdrawing samples
- G01N1/10—Devices for withdrawing samples in the liquid or fluent state
- G01N1/20—Devices for withdrawing samples in the liquid or fluent state for flowing or falling materials
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N1/00—Sampling; Preparing specimens for investigation
- G01N1/02—Devices for withdrawing samples
- G01N1/10—Devices for withdrawing samples in the liquid or fluent state
- G01N1/18—Devices for withdrawing samples in the liquid or fluent state with provision for splitting samples into portions
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Hydrology & Water Resources (AREA)
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Abstract
By sampling bottle system, floating ball system, floating ball ejection system and guiding gutter (5) composition, sampling bottle system includes sampling bottle (1) for a kind of sloping surface runoff field runoff sampler；Sliding groove (6)；Guiding gutter fixed ring (12)；Floating ball system includes floating ball (2)；Locating rod (3)；Floating ball handle (4)；Floating ball ejection system includes matching repeated code (7)；Driving lever (8)；Lifting rope (9)；Ring (10) and guiding gutter (5) composition.When rainwash generates, runoff initially enters the sampling bottle (1) of first sampler, when the water level (13) of sampling bottle (1) rises to certain altitude, floating ball (2) rises, one end of guiding gutter (5) is held up simultaneously, tilt guiding gutter to opposite direction, first water-storing bottle sampling terminates, and runoff is successively sampled along the sampling bottle that inclined guiding gutter enters several samplers.This sampler structure is concise, it is easy to operate, can be sampled in the different atmospheric precipitation intensity of a runoff process, the period difference of different earth's surface runoff intensities, equivalent, continuous, automatic collection runoff sample sloping surface runoff field runoff.
Description
Technical field:
The invention patent relates to a kind of and matching used runoff sampler of sloping surface runoff field, this slope runoff samplers
Have the function of sampling stage by stage automatically, a Precipitation Process can be received in the rainwash equivalent portioning that sloping surface runoff field generates
Collection measures the content and partial size composition of the silt that a runoff process different phase runoff carries respectively, each in conjunction with runoff process
The runoff intensity and rainfall intensity in stage can provide possibility for analysis and research soil erosion regular, while also can determine earth's surface diameter
Flow, soil erosion amount and erosion modulus.
Technical background:
The soil erosion is the important symbol of environmental degradation, and ecologist and various circles of society pay high attention to.Study the soil erosion
Method it is very much, but to the long-term tillage of the soil erosion research mostly use sloping surface runoff field method.China is fixed in forest ecology at present
The different site type of the fields long-term tillage research stations (point) such as position observational study station, water and soil conservation location observation research station is built
Serial sloping surface runoff field is found.Sloping surface runoff field small investment, structure is simple, and measurement is accurate, is adapted to various topography and geomorphologies and soil
Earth type.But current sloping surface runoff field is equipped with multi-functional monitoring device not yet, only simply collects and measures each precipitation
The run-off and its silt total content that process generates, for determining the flow path surface, soil erosion amount and erosion of environment to be measured
Modulus can not further investigate soil erosion regular, as soil erosion intensity and rainfall intensity, rainwash intensity, ground line gradient,
The accurate quick determination of relationship between the physical features such as soil texture, vegetation cover degree.
Summary of the invention:
The present invention in order to reach the above target, devise a kind of structure it is concise, it is easy to operate, can be in runoff process
Different atmospheric precipitation intensity, the period difference of different earth's surface runoff intensities, equivalent, continuous, automatic collection runoff sample slope surface
Runoff field runoff sampler.
In order to achieve the above objectives, the technical scheme is that being realized by following measures:
A kind of sloping surface runoff field runoff sampler is by sampling bottle system, floating ball system, floating ball ejection system and guiding gutter (5)
Composition.
Sampling bottle system includes sampling bottle (1)；Sliding groove (6)；Guiding gutter fixed ring (12)；Floating ball system includes floating ball
(2)；Locating rod (3)；Floating ball handle (4)；Floating ball ejection system includes matching repeated code (7)；Driving lever (8)；Lifting rope (9)；Ring (10) and
Guiding gutter (5) composition；All parts pass through mechanical connection or the connection of pipeline and groove body.
Instrument is set in sloping surface runoff field catch basin, is connected to each other with runoff efferent duct (14) in catch basin, or first connect stream
Meter measured flow, flow velocity and after the time of generation, then connect sloping surface runoff field runoff sampler and be sampled.Sloping surface runoff field diameter
Several group of compositions of sampler are flowed, what each took is the runoff sample of a period, realizes the mesh sampled stage by stage
Mark.Sloping surface runoff field runoff sampler quantity and volume depend on the needs and each flat of sloping surface runoff field of related science research
Equal runoff yield.When rainwash generates, runoff initially enters the sampling bottle (1) of first sampler, when the water level of sampling bottle (1)
(13) certain altitude is risen to, floating ball (2) rises, while holding up one end of guiding gutter (5), and tilt guiding gutter to opposite direction,
At this moment first water-storing bottle sampling terminates, and runoff enters the sampling bottle of second sampler along inclined guiding gutter；Then
Three samplers, the 4th sampler ... successively sample.Laboratory assay is sent after sample packaging.
A kind of sampling bottle system of sloping surface runoff field runoff sampler is fixed by sampling bottle (1), sliding groove (6) and guiding gutter
Ring (12) composition；Sampling bottle (1) is cylindrical body, inner wall smooth, anticorrosive；It faces the wall and meditates on the inside of sampling bottle (1) vertical welding sliding groove
(6), sliding groove (6) section is inside edge U-typed, is the slideway of locating rod (3)；Guiding gutter (5) fixed ring is welded on sampling bottle
(1) sliding groove (6) right opposite of bead, plays the role of fixed guiding gutter (5) front end；Floating ball system is by floating ball (2), locating rod
(3) it welding with floating ball handle (4) composition, floating ball (2) upper end and floating ball handle (4) lower end, lifting rope (9) are welded in floating ball (2) lower end, and two
The line of solder joint passes through floating ball center of gravity；The vertical clasping floating ball handle (4) in one end of locating rod (3), the other end is on sliding groove (6) is interior
Lower slider, the two keep nearly plumbness；The upper end of floating ball handle (4) is connect with the rear end joint shape of guiding gutter (5), and floating ball bounces
For system by forming with repeated code (7), driving lever (8), lifting rope (9) and ring (10), lifting rope (9) upper end is fixed on floating ball (2) lower end, under
Suspend in midair the long-armed of driving lever (8) at end, and driving lever (8) is acute angle " L " type, galianconism suspended counterweight code (7)；Ring (10) is circular tool
Rod-shaped handle, handle are parallel to anchor ring, and handle is welded in the outer wall of sliding groove (6) admittedly；Ring is in a horizontal state and vertical sliding motion slot (6)；It dials
Ring (10) internal diameter is greater than floating ball (2) outer diameter, freely up and down moves in ring for floating ball (2)；Guiding gutter (5) apex has thin mouth
(11), it and by guiding gutter fixed ring (12) is fixed on sampling bottle bead, plays the role of guiding gutter (5) accurate positionin；Water guide
Slot (5) rear end is fixed on floating ball (2) by floating ball handle 4, using the bead of sampling bottle (1) as fulcrum under the promotion of floating ball (2)
It moves up and down.
A kind of sloping surface runoff field runoff sampler, its working principles are as follows: guiding gutter (5) is used as lever, apex simultaneously
It is supported by the bead of water-storing bottle 1, rear end tilts down under the effect of gravity；When runoff generates, the diameter of linear reservoir pipe 14 is flowed into
Enter guiding gutter (5), sampling bottle (1) is then flowed by the rear end of guiding gutter (5), the water level (13) of sampling bottle (1) rises, floating ball
(2) movable component of floating ball ejection system is driven to float together；Guiding gutter rear end is pushed to lift simultaneously, when guiding gutter (5) is to anti-
When direction tilts, runoff initially enters the guiding gutter of second sampler.In this process, floating ball ejection system plays key
Effect；When floating ball (2) floats up, floating ball (2) by lifting rope (9) lifts driving lever (8) and with repeated code (7), driving lever (8) it is long-armed
The ring (10) for being in stationary state is stopped, and the long-armed and galianconism of driving lever (8) has a down dip simultaneously, matches repeated code (7) from driving lever (8)
Galianconism slide；Floating ball system gravity and buoyancy are unbalance, and floating ball (2) bounces suddenly, and guiding gutter (5) is tilted to opposite direction immediately；
Runoff enters second sampler, so that realize sampler divides water, water guide function automatically, also avoids guiding gutter (5) appearance
Parastate, runoff enter the runoff sample mixing phenomena of two samplers appearance simultaneously.
Detailed description of the invention:
Fig. 1 is " sloping surface runoff field runoff sampler " structure principle chart designed by the present invention.
Fig. 2 is sampler component " guiding gutter " structure chart designed by the present invention.
Fig. 3 is bottom view
Fig. 4 is left view
Fig. 5 is right view
In figure: 1,6,12 be sampling bottle system, wherein 1- sampling bottle；6- sliding groove；12- guiding gutter fixed ring.2,3,4 are
Floating ball system, wherein 2- floating ball；3- locating rod；4- floating ball handle.7,8,9,10 be floating ball ejection system, and wherein 7- matches repeated code；8-
Driving lever；9- lifting rope；10- ring.5 be guiding gutter.
Specific embodiment:
With reference to the accompanying drawing and specific embodiment, the present invention is described in further detail.
Since currently sloping surface runoff field takes the runoff sample to be in ecosystem position monitor, runoff process it is mixed
Gross sample is closed, the information such as sediment content and the partial size composition in runoff process each stage cannot be extracted, so the present invention devises slope surface
Runoff field runoff sampler realizes automatic at times, continuous sampling.The basic principle of use is float, lever pushing guiding gutter
It is shunted.
A kind of sloping surface runoff field runoff sampler is by sampling bottle system, floating ball system, floating ball ejection system and guiding gutter (5)
Composition.
Sampling bottle system includes sampling bottle (1)；Sliding groove (6)；Guiding gutter fixed ring (12)；Floating ball system includes floating ball
(2)；Locating rod (3)；Floating ball handle (4)；Floating ball ejection system includes matching repeated code (7)；Driving lever (8)；Lifting rope (9)；Ring (10) and
Guiding gutter (5) composition.
With reference to the accompanying drawings shown in 1: the sampling bottle system of sloping surface runoff field runoff sampler of the invention is by sampling bottle (1), cunning
Dynamic slot (6) and guiding gutter fixed ring (12) composition.Sampling bottle (1) is cylindrical body, inner wall smooth, anticorrosive；On the inside of sampling bottle (1)
It faces the wall and meditates vertical welding sliding groove (6), sliding groove (6) section is inside edge U-typed, is the slideway of locating rod (3)；Guiding gutter (5)
Fixed ring is welded on sliding groove (6) right opposite of sampling bottle (1) bead, plays the role of fixed guiding gutter (5) front end.Floating ball system
System is made of floating ball (2), locating rod (3) and floating ball handle (4).Floating ball (2) upper end and floating ball handle (4) lower end are welded, under floating ball (2)
The line of end welding lifting rope (9), two solder joints passes through floating ball center of gravity；The vertical clasping floating ball handle (4) in one end of locating rod (3), separately
One end slides up and down in sliding groove (6), and the two keeps nearly plumbness；The upper end of floating ball handle (4) and the rear end of guiding gutter (5)
The connection of joint shape.Floating ball ejection system with repeated code (7), driving lever (8), lifting rope (9) and ring (10) by forming.Lifting rope (9) upper end
It is fixed on floating ball (2) lower end, lower end suspends the long-armed of driving lever (8) in midair；Driving lever (8) is acute angle " L " type, galianconism suspended counterweight code
(7)；Ring (10) is the circular rod-shaped handle of tool, and handle is parallel to anchor ring, and handle is welded in the outer wall of sliding groove (6) admittedly；Ring is in level
State and vertical sliding motion slot (6)；Ring (10) internal diameter is greater than floating ball (2) outer diameter, freely up and down transports in ring for floating ball (2)
It is dynamic.Guiding gutter (5) apex has thin mouth (11), and is fixed on sampling bottle bead by guiding gutter fixed ring (12), plays guiding gutter
(5) effect being accurately positioned；Guiding gutter (5) rear end is fixed on floating ball (2) by floating ball handle 4, under the promotion of floating ball (2) with
The bead of sampling bottle (1) is fulcrum up and down motion.The structure for describing sloping surface runoff field runoff sampler in more detail above, takes
The working principle of sample device is: guiding gutter (5) and meanwhile be used as lever, apex by water-storing bottle 1 bead support, rear end is in gravity
It is tilted down under effect.When runoff generates, the runoff of linear reservoir pipe 14 enters guiding gutter (5), then passes through guiding gutter (5)
Rear end flows into sampling bottle (1), and the water level (13) of sampling bottle (1) rises, and floating ball (2) drives the movable component one of floating ball ejection system
It rises and floats；Guiding gutter rear end is pushed to lift simultaneously, when guiding gutter (5) is tilted to opposite direction, runoff initially enters second and takes
The guiding gutter of sample device.In this process, floating ball ejection system plays a key effect.When floating ball (2) floats up, floating ball (2)
Lift driving lever (8) by lifting rope (9) and with repeated code (7)；The long-armed ring (10) for being in stationary state of driving lever (8) is hindered
Gear, the long-armed and galianconism of driving lever (8) have a down dip simultaneously；It is slid with repeated code (7) from the galianconism of driving lever (8)；Floating ball system gravity and floating
Power is unbalance, and floating ball (2) bounces suddenly, and guiding gutter (5) is tilted to opposite direction immediately；Runoff enters second sampler.To real
Sampler is showed and has divided water, water guide function automatically, has also avoided guiding gutter (5) and parastate occur, runoff enters two simultaneously and takes
The runoff sample mixing phenomena that sample device occurs.
Structure of the invention is concise, it is easy to operate, can different atmospheric precipitation intensity in a runoff process, different earth's surface diameters
The period difference of intensity of flow, equivalent, continuous, automatic collection runoff sample sloping surface runoff field runoff sampler.
Claims (3)
1. a kind of sloping surface runoff field runoff sampler, by sampling bottle system, floating ball system, floating ball ejection system and guiding gutter (5)
Composition, it is characterized in that: sampling bottle system includes that sampling bottle (1), sliding groove (6), guiding gutter fixed ring (12), floating ball system include
Floating ball (2), locating rod (3), floating ball handle (4), floating ball ejection system include matching repeated code (7), driving lever (8), lifting rope (9), ring
(10) it is connected with guiding gutter (5) composition, each section using mechanical connection or pipeline and groove body；Sampler is set to sloping surface runoff field
In catch basin, it is connected to each other with runoff efferent duct (14) in catch basin, or first connect flow measurement constant flow, flow velocity and the time of generation
Afterwards, it then connects sloping surface runoff field runoff sampler and is sampled；Several group of compositions of sloping surface runoff field runoff sampler, each
What is taken is the runoff sample of a period, realizes the target sampled stage by stage；Sloping surface runoff field runoff sampler quantity and
Volume depends on the needs of related science research and the average runoff yield that sloping surface runoff field is each, when rainwash generates, runoff
The sampling bottle (1) for initially entering first sampler, when the water level (13) of sampling bottle (1) rises to certain altitude, floating ball (2) is risen
It rises, while holding up one end of guiding gutter (5), tilt guiding gutter to opposite direction, at this moment first water-storing bottle sampling terminates, runoff
Enter the sampling bottle of second sampler along inclined guiding gutter；Then third sampler, the 4th sampler successively take
Sample send laboratory assay after sample packaging.
2. a kind of sloping surface runoff field runoff sampler according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: sampling bottle system is by sampling bottle
(1), sliding groove (6) and guiding gutter fixed ring (12) composition；Sampling bottle (1) is cylindrical body, inner wall smooth, anticorrosive；Sampling bottle
(1) inside is faced the wall and meditated vertical welding sliding groove (6), and sliding groove (6) section is inside edge U-typed, is the slideway of locating rod (3)；It leads
Sink (5) fixed ring is welded on sliding groove (6) right opposite of sampling bottle (1) bead, plays the work of fixed guiding gutter (5) front end
With；Floating ball system is made of floating ball (2), locating rod (3) and floating ball handle (4), and floating ball (2) upper end and floating ball handle (4) lower end are welded,
Lifting rope (9) are welded in floating ball (2) lower end, and the line of two solder joints passes through floating ball center of gravity；The vertical clasping floating ball in one end of locating rod (3)
Handle (4), the other end slide up and down in sliding groove (6), and the two keeps nearly plumbness；The upper end of floating ball handle (4) and guiding gutter
(5) rear end joint shape connection, floating ball ejection system are hung by forming with repeated code (7), driving lever (8), lifting rope (9) and ring (10)
Rope (9) upper end is fixed on floating ball (2) lower end, and suspend in midair the long-armed of driving lever (8) for lower end, and driving lever (8) is acute angle " L " type, and galianconism is outstanding
It hangs and matches repeated code (7)；Ring (10) is the circular rod-shaped handle of tool, and handle is parallel to anchor ring, and handle is welded in the outer wall of sliding groove (6) admittedly；It dials
Ring is in a horizontal state and vertical sliding motion slot (6)；Ring (10) internal diameter is greater than floating ball (2) outer diameter, upper and lower in ring for floating ball (2)
Free movement；Guiding gutter (5) apex has thin mouth (11), and is fixed on sampling bottle bead by guiding gutter fixed ring (12), plays
The effect that guiding gutter (5) is accurately positioned；Guiding gutter (5) rear end is fixed on floating ball (2) by floating ball handle 4, in pushing away for floating ball (2)
It moves up and down under dynamic by fulcrum of the bead of sampling bottle (1).
3. a kind of sloping surface runoff field runoff sampler according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: guiding gutter (5) conduct simultaneously
Lever, apex are supported by the bead of water-storing bottle (1), and rear end tilts down under the effect of gravity；When runoff generation, linear reservoir
The runoff of pipe (14) enters guiding gutter (5), then flows into sampling bottle (1) by the rear end of guiding gutter (5), the water of sampling bottle (1)
Position (13) rises, and floating ball (2) drives the movable component of floating ball ejection system to float together；Guiding gutter rear end is pushed to lift simultaneously,
When guiding gutter (5) is tilted to opposite direction, runoff initially enters the guiding gutter of second sampler, in this process, floating ball
Ejection system plays a key effect；When floating ball (2) floats up, floating ball (2) lifts driving lever (8) by lifting rope (9) and matches repeated code
(7), the long-armed ring (10) for being in stationary state of driving lever (8) is stopped, and the long-armed and galianconism of driving lever (8) has a down dip simultaneously,
It is slid with repeated code (7) from the galianconism of driving lever (8)；Floating ball system gravity and buoyancy are unbalance, and floating ball (2) bounces suddenly, guiding gutter (5)
It is tilted immediately to opposite direction；Runoff enters second sampler and also keeps away so that realize sampler divides water, water guide function automatically
Guiding gutter (5) is exempted from and parastate has occurred, runoff enters the runoff sample mixing phenomena of two samplers appearance simultaneously.
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| CN201810079498.3A CN108267344B (en) | 2018-01-26 | 2018-01-26 | A kind of sloping surface runoff field runoff sampler |
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| CN201810079498.3A CN108267344B (en) | 2018-01-26 | 2018-01-26 | A kind of sloping surface runoff field runoff sampler |
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Families Citing this family (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN109738036B (en) * | 2019-01-08 | 2020-11-20 | 哈尔滨工业大学（深圳） | Automatic volume-dividing rainwater runoff detection and sampling device |
| CN110954373B (en) * | 2019-05-06 | 2021-11-30 | 河海大学 | Device capable of automatically collecting water samples in different rainfall periods |
| CN110296865A (en) * | 2019-07-30 | 2019-10-01 | 天津大学 | Sampling method on a kind of drainage pipeline deposit well |
| CN112147306B (en) * | 2020-10-16 | 2022-08-23 | 东北农业大学 | Automatic change device of measuring different slope sections soil erosion |
| CN117310111B (en) * | 2023-08-24 | 2024-06-07 | 中国水利水电科学研究院 | Automatic urban and rural non-point source pollution monitoring device and method |
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| CN108267344A (en) | 2018-07-10 |
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Inventor after: Zhao Ming Inventor after: Chen Chengni Inventor after: Yang Chengsheng Inventor after: Ling Lei Inventor after: Zhong Yiming Inventor before: Zhao Ming Inventor before: Yang Chengsheng Inventor before: Chen Chengni Inventor before: Ling Lei Inventor before: Zhong Yiming |