CN108266166B - Experimental device and method for evaluating fluctuation oil recovery micro-jet permeability-increasing mechanism of fractured reservoir - Google Patents
Experimental device and method for evaluating fluctuation oil recovery micro-jet permeability-increasing mechanism of fractured reservoir Download PDFInfo
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- CN108266166B CN108266166B CN201810130618.8A CN201810130618A CN108266166B CN 108266166 B CN108266166 B CN 108266166B CN 201810130618 A CN201810130618 A CN 201810130618A CN 108266166 B CN108266166 B CN 108266166B
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH DRILLING, e.g. DEEP DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B43/00—Methods or apparatus for obtaining oil, gas, water, soluble or meltable materials or a slurry of minerals from wells
- E21B43/16—Enhanced recovery methods for obtaining hydrocarbons
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
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- E21B—EARTH DRILLING, e.g. DEEP DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
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Abstract
The invention relates to a device and a method for evaluating a fractured reservoir fluctuation oil recovery micro-jet permeability-increasing mechanism, wherein the device comprises a resonant wave test bed; the visual homogeneous crack spreading flat plate model is arranged on the resonant wave test bed and comprises an inlet, an outlet and a ring pressure port; the output end of the annular pressure supply part is connected with the annular pressure port; a displacement pump; the stratum water conveying intermediate container, the oil conveying intermediate container and the dyeing injection agent conveying intermediate container are connected, wherein input ports of the stratum water conveying intermediate container, the oil conveying intermediate container and the dyeing injection agent conveying intermediate container are connected with an output port of a displacement pump, and an output port of the stratum water conveying intermediate container, the oil conveying intermediate container and the dyeing injection agent conveying intermediate container is connected with an input end of a visual homogeneous crack; a liquid container connected to the outlet; and the phenomenon observation part is arranged at a position corresponding to the visual homogeneous crack spreading flat plate model. The invention has the characteristics of simple structure, convenient installation and layout, reliable working performance, visualization and good simulation effect, and can effectively explain the specific mechanism of the wave-induced micro-jet infiltration increasing effect and the wave coverage increasing range of the fractured reservoir.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to an experimental device and method for evaluating a fractured reservoir fluctuation oil recovery micro-jet permeability-increasing mechanism, and belongs to the technical field of oil exploitation simulation experiments.
Background
The fractured reservoir develops micro fractures and pore throats, the existence of the micro fractures increases the integral flow conductivity of the reservoir on one hand, on the other hand, water is injected in the water drive development process to form water channeling channels along the fractures easily, the integral water injection development efficiency is reduced, particularly, the water channeling condition caused by the fractures in the fractured low-permeability reservoir is more severe, the interaction of water channeling between a matrix and the fractures is reduced, crude oil of the matrix is difficult to use, and the oil reservoir extraction degree is lower. The method improves the crude oil utilization degree of the matrix of the fractured reservoir, increases the water-phase cross-flow interaction between the matrix and the fractures, and more importantly increases the distribution range of the injected water along the fractures instead of being limited to the fractures around the injection and production well connecting line. The wave oil extraction technology utilizes the transmission of an acoustic physical field to make an oil layer and fluid generate physical and chemical changes, thereby improving the seepage condition of the oil layer and achieving the purposes of increasing the production and injection of an oil-water well; the wave oil extraction technology covers the wave propagation process of rock matrix strain and pore fluid pressure surge caused by low-frequency resonance wave oil extraction technology, hydraulic pulse blockage removal, electric pulse, ultrasonic blockage removal technology, periodic water injection, repeated well switching, unstable well testing and the like, according to the BISQ theory, an improved BISQ theory and the like, radial jet flow can be generated in pores while rock flow and solid phase displacement are staggered caused by wave, and the existence of microscopic radial jet flow can promote reservoir permeability increase and the crude oil wave extent of a dead oil area is improved; when the wave oil extraction is combined with reservoir acidification modification, the existence of the microscopic radial jet can change the flow direction of the acid liquor, so that the modification range is lengthened along the injection-production connecting line direction and deepened in the direction vertical to the injection-production connecting line direction.
However, the existing wave oil extraction technology mechanism research equipment and method are mainly limited to conventional core displacement equipment and method, the jet effect generated inside the core cannot be observed, experimental research equipment and method for visually disclosing the wave oil extraction micro jet permeability increasing mechanism and evaluating the influence factors of the wave oil extraction micro jet permeability increasing mechanism are not available, especially the research on the wave oil extraction micro jet permeability increasing mechanism and the reinforcing mechanism of the wave acidification reconstruction effect of the fractured reservoir in the fractured reservoir is lacked, and a visual, high-precision and high-stability indoor simulation experimental device and an effective experimental method thereof are established, so that the dynamic micro effect of the wave oil extraction technology can be further deepened, and the popularization and application of the mining fields of the wave oil extraction technology and the wave chemical oil extraction technology are promoted.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects of the prior art, the invention provides the experimental device for evaluating the wave-induced micro-jet permeability-increasing mechanism of the fractured reservoir, which has the advantages of simple structure, convenience in installation and layout, reliable working performance, visualization, good simulation effect, and capability of effectively explaining the wave-induced micro-jet permeability-increasing effect of the fractured reservoir and improving the specific mechanism of the wave coverage range.
The invention also provides an experimental method using the experimental device.
The technical scheme of the invention is as follows:
an experimental device for evaluating a fractured reservoir fluctuation oil recovery micro-jet permeability-increasing mechanism comprises:
a resonant wave test bed;
the visual homogeneous crack spreading flat plate model is arranged on the resonant wave test bed;
the liquid container is connected with an outlet of the visual homogeneous crack spreading flat plate model;
the output end of the annular pressure supply part is connected with an annular pressure port of the visual homogeneous crack spreading flat plate model, and vertical pressure is provided for the upper part and the lower part of the flat plate model to ensure the sealing of the flat plate model;
a displacement pump;
the input port of the formation water conveying intermediate container is connected with the output port of the displacement pump, and the output port of the formation water conveying intermediate container is connected with the input end of the visual homogeneous crack spreading flat model;
an input port of the oil transportation intermediate container is connected with an output port of the displacement pump, and an output port of the oil transportation intermediate container is connected with an input end of the visual homogeneous crack spreading flat plate model;
the input port of the dyeing injection agent input intermediate container is connected with the output port of the displacement pump, and the output port of the dyeing injection agent input intermediate container is connected with the input end of the visual homogeneous crack spreading flat model;
the phenomenon observation part is arranged at a position corresponding to the visual homogeneous crack spread flat plate model and is used for acquiring an image of an experimental physical phenomenon;
and the data monitoring control part is connected with the resonance wave test bed and the phenomenon observation part.
Preferably, the input port of the displacement pump is connected with a liquid storage tank, and the output port of the displacement pump is respectively connected with the input ports of the formation water conveying intermediate container, the oil conveying intermediate container and the dyeing injection agent conveying intermediate container through control valves.
Preferably, the output ports of the formation water conveying intermediate container, the oil conveying intermediate container and the dyeing injection agent conveying intermediate container are connected with the input end of the visual homogeneous crack spreading flat model through a multi-way valve.
Preferably, the outlet of the visual homogeneous crack spreading plate model is respectively connected with the liquid container and the annular pressure supply part through a back pressure valve.
Preferably, the visual homogeneous fracture spreading flat plate model comprises a simulation reservoir, sealing devices are arranged around the simulation reservoir, annular pressure ports of the sealing devices are connected with an annular pressure supply part, and annular pressure is added into the simulation reservoir through the sealing devices; liquid inlet channels are arranged at the four ends of the simulation reservoir and the sealing device, one liquid inlet channel is used as a liquid inlet and connected with the output end of the multi-way valve, the other liquid inlet channel is used as a liquid outlet and connected with a liquid container, and the other two liquid inlet channels are blocked.
Preferably, the simulated reservoir comprises the following two types: the glass comprises two pieces of rectangular glass etched with uniformly spread artificial cracks and core sand positioned between the two pieces of glass, wherein the edges of the two pieces of glass are adhered together through an adhesive; and secondly, a homogeneous crack is cut in the cemented artificial rock core.
Preferably, the homogeneously-distributed artificial cracks are parallel cracks or staggered cracks, and the distribution direction of the cracks is parallel to or perpendicular to the direction of the resonant wave and the displacement seepage. The design has the advantage that different parallel seams or staggered seams are designed, and the design can be used for researching the fluctuating oil recovery micro-jet mechanism of reservoirs with different angle seam development.
Preferably, the phenomenon observation section includes a camera and a micrometer. The design has the advantages that the camera is used for collecting images of experimental physical phenomena, the distribution of oil/water/dyeing injection agents in the visual homogeneous crack spreading flat plate model, the change of crack forms and the change of crack sizes can be continuously recorded, and accurate numerical values can be obtained through the micrometer.
Preferably, the data monitoring control part is a computer. The advantage of this design lies in, follow-up through the sensing line with various data transmission for special data acquisition's computer, whole experimental apparatus intelligent degree is high.
Preferably, the ring pressure supply part is a hand pump.
Preferably, the displacement pump is a syringe type flow pump.
The experimental method for evaluating the fluctuation oil recovery micro-jet permeability-increasing mechanism of the fractured reservoir utilizes the experimental device and comprises the following steps:
(1) selecting a proper visual homogeneous fracture spreading flat plate model according to experimental requirements, recording the forms of the fractures and the matrixes of an internal simulation reservoir, and measuring the fracture density, the fracture width and the fracture length in the flat plate model;
(2) connecting the visual homogeneous crack spreading flat plate model with an annular pressure pipeline, a liquid inlet pipeline and a liquid outlet pipeline, and opening a displacement pump for testing to ensure that the flat plate model is completely sealed;
(3) simulating reservoir saturated simulated formation water in the visual homogeneous fracture spread flat plate model;
(4) heating the simulated reservoir to the environmental temperature of the stratum to be simulated and preserving heat;
(5) calculating the pore volume and porosity of the visual homogeneous fracture spread flat plate model according to the weight difference of the visual homogeneous fracture spread flat plate model before and after saturation of the simulated formation water;
(6) carrying out an oil-displacing water dynamic simulation test, a water-displacing oil dynamic simulation test, a dyeing injection displacement simulation test or a fluctuating complex dyeing injection displacement simulation test;
(7) and (4) replacing visual homogeneous crack distribution flat plate models with different crack distributions and/or different fluctuation directions and displacement directions, and repeating the steps (1) to (6).
Preferably, before the step (1), controlling the resonant wave test bed to pre-run for a first preset time, and then closing the resonant wave test bed; preferably, the first predetermined time is 30 min. The design has the advantages that when the first preset time is executed, a low-frequency resonant wave gel plugging performance evaluation test is formed; and when the first preset time is not executed, a non-low-frequency resonant wave gel plugging performance evaluation test is formed. The purpose of this is to detect the ability to plug a large part of the fracture under vibrating conditions, the first predetermined time being dependent on various factors such as the injection rate and the volume of the fracture.
Preferably, in the step (6), the operation process of the oil displacement water dynamic simulation test is that ① pipelines between the formation water transportation intermediate container and the dyeing injection agent transportation intermediate container and the visual homogeneous fracture spreading flat model are disconnected, ② oil in the oil transportation intermediate container is transported into the visual homogeneous fracture spreading flat model by using a displacement pump, ③ oil water distribution in the visual homogeneous fracture spreading flat model, the displacement water amount in the liquid container and the oil pressure of the oil transportation intermediate container are continuously observed, and ④ the oil displacement water dynamic simulation test is ended when the oil pressure is kept stable and the displacement water amount is not changed.
Preferably, in the step (6), the operation process of the water-displacement oil dynamic simulation test is that ① is disconnected with pipelines between the oil transportation intermediate container and the dyeing injection agent transportation intermediate container and the visual homogeneous fracture spreading flat model, ② is used for conveying water in the formation water transportation intermediate container into the visual homogeneous fracture spreading flat model by using a displacement pump, ③ records relevant parameters at multiple time points, wherein the relevant parameters comprise recording time and/or an inlet water pressure value of the visual homogeneous fracture spreading flat model and/or oil-water distribution inside the visual homogeneous fracture spreading flat model and/or displacement water quantity and/or displacement oil quantity and/or water consumption quantity, the displacement oil quantity is oil quantity in the liquid container, the displacement water quantity is water quantity in the liquid container, the water consumption is water consumption of the formation container in the water transportation, ④ stops the test when the displacement reaches a pore volume of a first preset multiple, and disconnects pipelines between the formation water container and the visual homogeneous fracture spreading flat model in the formation for simulating the micro oil extraction mechanism with different oil saturation degrees.
Preferably, in step (6), the operation process of the dyeing injection displacement simulation test is that ① is disconnected with a pipeline between the formation water transportation intermediate container and the oil transportation intermediate container and the visual homogeneous fracture spread flat plate model, ② uses a displacement pump to convey the dyeing injection in the dyeing injection intermediate container into the visual homogeneous fracture spread flat plate model, ③ records relevant parameters at multiple time points, wherein the relevant parameters comprise recording time, and/or inlet dyeing injection pressure of the visual homogeneous fracture spread flat plate model, and/or internal dyeing injection/oil/water distribution of the visual homogeneous fracture spread flat plate model, and/or simulating fracture morphology/seam width/seam length inside a reservoir, and/or displacement water quantity, and/or displacement oil quantity, and/or displacement dyeing dosage, and/or water consumption quantity, and/or dyeing dosage, wherein the displacement water quantity is the water quantity in the liquid container, the water consumption quantity is the water consumption quantity of the water transportation intermediate container, and ④ stops injecting the dyeing injection between the pore space and the visual homogeneous fracture spread flat plate model when the displacement volume reaches a second preset multiple, and the visual homogeneous fracture spread flat plate model is disconnected.
Preferably, in the step (6), the operation process of the fluctuating complex dyeing injection displacement simulation test is that ① a resonance wave test bed is opened, vibration frequency, vibration acceleration and amplitude required by the test are adjusted, ② a pipeline between the formation water intermediate container and the oil transportation intermediate container and the visual homogeneous fracture spread flat plate model is disconnected, ③ the dyeing injection in the formation water intermediate container and the oil transportation intermediate container is conveyed into the visual homogeneous fracture spread flat plate model by using a displacement pump, ④ relevant parameters are recorded at multiple time points, and the relevant parameters comprise recording time, and/or inlet dyeing injection pressure of the visual homogeneous fracture spread flat plate model, and/or internal dyeing injection/oil/water distribution of the visual homogeneous fracture spread flat plate model, and/or simulating fracture morphology/seam width/seam length, and/or displacement water, and/or displacement oil quantity, and/or displacement dyeing dosage, and/or displacement water consumption, and/or displacement oil consumption and/or displacement dyeing dosage, wherein the displacement water consumption of the liquid container is a multiple of the intermediate fracture water consumption, and the displacement water injection volume is a preset displacement volume is cut-displacement volume of the visual homogeneous fracture spread flat plate model, and the pipeline is disconnected when the vibration test is stopped, and the displacement injection of the visual homogeneous fracture spread flat plate model is disconnected.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. the experimental device for evaluating the fluctuation oil extraction micro-jet permeability-increasing mechanism of the fractured reservoir has the characteristics of simple structure, convenience in installation and layout, reliable working performance, visualization and good simulation effect.
2. By utilizing the experimental device and combining the experimental method, the specific mechanism of the wave-induced micro-jet permeability-increasing effect and the wave coverage range improvement of the fractured reservoir can be effectively explained, and an experimental basis is provided for the research of the wave oil recovery technology.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an experimental device for evaluating a fractured reservoir fluctuating oil recovery micro-jet permeability-increasing mechanism.
FIG. 2 is a different block diagram of a visual homogeneous fracture spreading plate model according to the present invention; wherein, the artificial cracks in fig. 2a are parallel cracks in the horizontal direction, the artificial cracks in fig. 2b are parallel cracks in the vertical direction, the artificial cracks in fig. 2c are staggered cracks in the vertical direction, and the artificial cracks in fig. 2d are staggered cracks in the horizontal direction.
FIG. 3 is a flow chart of an experimental method of the present invention.
Wherein: 1. a resonant wave test bed; 2. a visual homogeneous crack spreading flat plate model; 3. a liquid container; 4. a ring pressure supply section; 5. a displacement pump; 6. a formation water transporting intermediate container; 7. an oil transfer intermediate vessel; 8. an intermediate container for conveying the dye injection agent; 9. a phenomenon observation unit; 10. a data monitoring control unit; 11. a control valve; 12. a multi-way valve; 13. a back pressure valve; 14. a pressure gauge; 15. a liquid storage tank.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be further described by way of examples, but not limited thereto, with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Example 1:
as shown in fig. 1 and fig. 2, the present embodiment provides an experimental apparatus for evaluating a fractured reservoir fluctuating oil recovery micro-jet permeability-increasing mechanism, including:
the resonant wave test bed 1 can generate low-frequency or high-frequency resonant waves, and the direction of the resonant waves is along the x direction or the z direction; in the embodiment, a low-frequency resonant wave test bed is selected, and the direction of the resonant wave is along the x direction;
the visual homogeneous fracture spread flat plate model 2 is installed on the resonant wave test bed 1, comprises an inlet, an outlet and an annular pressure port, and is used for simulating a fluctuating oil recovery micro jet flow infiltration mechanism of a fractured reservoir, the flow direction of fluid in the flat plate model is along the x direction or along the y direction, and the flow direction of fluid in the flat plate model is along the x direction in the embodiment;
the liquid container 3 is connected with an outlet of the visual homogeneous crack spreading flat plate model 2, and scales for measuring the volume of the solution stored in the liquid container are marked on the liquid container;
the output end of the annular pressure supply part 4 is connected with an annular pressure port of the visual homogeneous crack spreading flat plate model 2, and vertical pressure is provided for the upper part and the lower part of the flat plate model to ensure the sealing of the flat plate model; in the embodiment, the medium-pressure supply part adopts a hand pump;
a displacement pump 5, which in this embodiment is a syringe type flow pump;
the middle container 6 for transporting the formation water is internally provided with the simulated formation water for prolonging the oil field long layer, the input port of the middle container is connected with the output port of the displacement pump 5, and the output port of the middle container is connected with the input end of the visual homogeneous fracture spreading flat model 2;
the oil transportation intermediate container 7 is filled with stratum crude oil, the input port of the oil transportation intermediate container is connected with the output port of the displacement pump 5, and the output port of the oil transportation intermediate container is connected with the input end of the visual homogeneous fracture spread flat plate model 2;
a dyeing injection agent conveying intermediate container 8 filled with a dyeing injection agent (the dyeing injection agent is one of water, hydrofluoric acid or polymer, mixed with pigment and then conveyed into the dyeing injection agent conveying intermediate container), the input port of the dyeing injection agent conveying intermediate container is connected with the output port of the displacement pump 5, and the output port of the dyeing injection agent conveying intermediate container is connected with the input port of the visual homogeneous crack spreading flat plate model 2;
a phenomenon observation part 9 which is installed at a position corresponding to the visual homogeneous crack spread flat plate model 2 and is used for collecting images of experimental physical phenomena;
the data monitoring and controlling unit 10 is connected to the resonance wave test stand 1 and the phenomenon observing unit 9 via a resonance wave signal transmission line. The data monitoring control part is used for setting and controlling low-frequency vibration parameters received by the low-frequency resonance wave test bed and recording experimental phenomena conducted from the phenomenon observation part to the data monitoring control part. For example, the low frequency vibration parameters are vibration frequency, vibration acceleration, vibration mode, etc., wherein the vibration mode is continuous vibration of the vibration table or intermittent opening and closing of the vibration table.
In addition, the input port of the displacement pump 5 is connected with a liquid storage tank 15, and the output port of the displacement pump 5 is respectively connected with the input ports of the formation water conveying intermediate container 6, the oil conveying intermediate container 7 and the dyeing injection agent conveying intermediate container 8 through a control valve 11. The output ports of the formation water conveying intermediate container 6, the oil conveying intermediate container 7 and the dyeing injection agent conveying intermediate container 8 are connected with the input end of the visual homogeneous crack spreading flat plate model 2 through a multi-way valve 12. The outlet of the visual homogeneous crack spreading flat plate model 2 is respectively connected with the liquid container 3 and the annular pressure supply part 4 through a back pressure valve 13.
A constant temperature box is arranged around the outer side of the visual homogeneous fracture spreading flat plate model 2, the visual homogeneous fracture spreading flat plate model comprises a simulation reservoir stratum, sealing devices are arranged around the simulation reservoir stratum, annular pressure ports of the sealing devices are connected with an annular pressure supply part, and annular pressure is added into the simulation reservoir stratum through the sealing devices; and liquid inlet channels are formed at the four ends of the simulated reservoir layer and the sealing device, and the liquid inlet channels, the simulated reservoir layer and the sealing device are sealed through adhesives. In this embodiment, two liquid inlet channels on any one edge are selected as a liquid inlet and a liquid outlet, the liquid inlet is connected with the output end of the multi-way valve 12, the liquid outlet is connected with the liquid container 3, and the other two liquid inlet channels are plugged for simulating a fluctuating oil recovery micro-jet mechanism in a one-extraction one-injection development mode of a half double-medium reservoir.
The multi-way valve 12 is a six-way valve, the multi-way valve 12 and the hand pump are respectively connected with a pressure gauge 14 for displaying and detecting the liquid inlet pressure and the annular pressure of the visual homogeneous crack spreading flat plate model, and the pressure measuring range of the pressure gauge is 0-10.0 MPa and 0-1.0 MPa.
Simulated reservoirs include the following two types: the glass comprises two pieces of rectangular glass etched with uniformly spread artificial cracks and core sand positioned between the two pieces of glass, wherein the edges of the two pieces of glass are adhered together through an adhesive; and secondly, a homogeneous crack is cut in the cemented artificial rock core. Regardless of the type of the simulated reservoir, the homogeneously-distributed artificial fractures of the simulated reservoir are parallel or staggered, and the distribution direction of the fractures is parallel or perpendicular to the direction of the resonance waves and the displacement seepage, as shown in fig. 2.
The phenomenon observation part 9 comprises a camera and a micrometer, the camera is used for collecting images of experimental physical phenomena, continuously recording the distribution of oil/water/dyeing injection agent in the visual homogeneous crack spreading flat plate model, the change of crack form and the change of crack size, and accurate numerical values can be obtained through the micrometer.
The data monitoring control part 10 selects a computer, the resonance wave test bed, the camera, the micrometer and various sensors in the whole experimental device are connected with the computer through data lines, and the computer analyzes and calculates various data.
Example 2:
the experimental method for evaluating the fluctuation oil recovery micro-jet permeability-increasing mechanism of the fractured reservoir utilizes the experimental device and comprises the following steps:
(1) selecting a proper visual homogeneous fracture spreading flat plate model according to experimental requirements, recording the forms of the fractures and the matrixes of an internal simulation reservoir, and measuring the fracture density, the fracture width and the fracture length in the flat plate model; in this embodiment, the visual homogeneous crack spreading flat plate model is a model with parallel cracks in spreading, the displacement direction is parallel to the crack direction, and as shown in fig. 2a, the crack density is 1/10 cm2The length of the slit is 5cm, the width of the slit is 0.1cm, and the area outside the slit is etched into uniformly distributed circular pores and communicated throats.
(2) Connecting the visual homogeneous crack spreading flat plate model with an annular pressure pipeline, a liquid inlet pipeline and a liquid outlet pipeline, opening a displacement pump for testing, sealing and testing for 1 hour, wherein water does not leak, the pressure is kept stable, and the flat plate model is ensured to be completely sealed;
(3) simulating reservoir saturated simulated formation water in the visual homogeneous fracture spread flat plate model;
(4) heating the simulated reservoir to 30 ℃ of the environmental temperature of the stratum to be simulated and continuously preserving heat until the experiment is finished;
(5) calculating the pore volume and porosity of the visual homogeneous fracture spread flat plate model according to the weight difference of the visual homogeneous fracture spread flat plate model before and after saturation of the simulated formation water; for example, before the pretreatment of the tested simulated reservoir, the dry weight of the tested simulated reservoir is measured, after the tested simulated reservoir saturates the simulated formation water, the wet weight of the tested simulated reservoir is measured, and the pore volume and the porosity of the tested simulated reservoir are calculated according to the weighing result.
(6) The method comprises the following steps of ① disconnecting pipelines between a formation water conveying intermediate container and a dyeing injection conveying intermediate container and a visual homogeneous fracture spreading flat model, ② conveying oil in the oil conveying intermediate container into the visual homogeneous fracture spreading flat model by using a displacement pump, ③ continuously observing oil-water distribution in the visual homogeneous fracture spreading flat model, the displacement water quantity in a liquid container and the oil pressure of the oil conveying intermediate container, and ④ ending the oil displacement water dynamic simulation test when the oil pressure is stable and the displacement water quantity is unchanged.
(7) And (4) replacing visual homogeneous crack distribution flat plate models with different crack distributions and/or different fluctuation directions and displacement directions, and repeating the steps (1) to (6).
Example 3:
an experimental method for evaluating a fluctuating oil recovery micro-jet permeability-increasing mechanism of a fractured reservoir is as described in example 2, and is characterized in that in the step (6), a water displacement oil dynamic simulation test is carried out by using the experimental device, wherein the operation process comprises ① disconnecting a pipeline between an oil transportation intermediate container and a dyeing injection agent transportation intermediate container and a visual homogeneous fracture distribution flat model, ② water in the formation water transportation intermediate container is transported into the visual homogeneous fracture distribution flat model by using a displacement pump, ③ recording relevant parameters at a plurality of time points, wherein the relevant parameters comprise recording time, and/or an inlet water pressure value of the visual homogeneous fracture distribution flat model, and/or oil-water distribution inside the visual homogeneous fracture distribution flat model, and/or a displacement water quantity, and/or an oil displacement quantity, and/or a displacement dyeing quantity, and/or a water consumption quantity, and/or a dyeing quantity, wherein the displacement oil quantity is the oil quantity in a liquid container, the displacement water quantity is the water consumption quantity in the liquid container, the water consumption quantity of the fracture displacement intermediate container is ④, and the simulation test is carried out when the first homogeneous fracture distribution of the fluid displacement distribution flat model is disconnected from the visual homogeneous fracture distribution flat model, and the fluid distribution of the first homogeneous fracture distribution of the visual homogeneous fracture distribution flat model is simulated.
A first predetermined multiple of pore volume: based on the measured pore volume, porosity and saturated oil volume, the amount of the expelled oil and the amount of the expelled oil in the step are recorded to obtain the initial oil saturation conditions, such as 50%, 70%, 90% and 95%. The amount used for displacement at this time (which we generally say how much pore volume, say 5 times pore volume) is the first predetermined multiple of pore volume.
Example 4:
an experimental method for evaluating a fluctuating oil recovery micro-jet permeability-increasing mechanism of a fractured reservoir is operated as described in example 2, and is characterized in that in step (6), a dyeing injection agent displacement simulation test is performed by using the experimental device, wherein the operation process comprises the steps of ① disconnecting a pipeline between a formation water conveying intermediate container and an oil conveying intermediate container and a visual homogeneous fracture distribution flat plate model, ② conveying a dyeing injection agent in the dyeing injection agent conveying intermediate container into the visual homogeneous fracture distribution flat plate model by using a displacement pump, ③ recording relevant parameters at multiple time points, wherein the relevant parameters comprise recording time, and/or a value of inlet dyeing injection agent pressure of the visual homogeneous fracture distribution flat plate model, and/or a value of dyeing injection agent/oil/water distribution in the visual homogeneous fracture distribution flat plate model, and/or a value of fracture morphology/width/length of fracture in the reservoir, and/or displacement water, and/or displacement oil, and/or displacement dye displacement, and/or displacement water consumption of the intermediate container is a preset displacement injection water consumption ratio of the middle displacement container, and the displacement volume of the dyeing injection agent in the visual homogeneous fracture distribution flat plate model is cut-displacement tank, and the displacement simulation test is stopped when the pipeline is stopped by using a second volume of the dyeing injection medium tank.
Pore volume of the second predetermined multiple: meaning that the stain displacement experiment is conducted until all of the oil is displaced (i.e., when no oil is exiting the outlet port), at which time the volume of stain (generally expressed in terms of how much pore volume is present) used for displacement is the second predetermined multiple of pore volume.
Example 5:
an experimental method for evaluating a fluctuating oil recovery micro-jet permeability-increasing mechanism of a fractured reservoir is as described in example 2, and is characterized in that in the step (6), a fluctuating complex dyeing injectant displacement simulation test is carried out by using the experimental device, wherein the experimental device is operated by opening a resonant wave test bed ① and adjusting the vibration frequency, vibration acceleration and vibration amplitude required by the test, disconnecting pipelines between an intermediate reservoir in formation water and an intermediate oil transportation container and a visual homogeneous fracture spread flat plate model ②, transporting dyeing injectant in the intermediate reservoir in the visual homogeneous fracture spread flat plate model by using a displacement pump ③, recording relevant parameters at a plurality of time points ④, wherein the relevant parameters comprise recording time, and/or inlet dyeing injectant pressure value of the visual homogeneous fracture spread flat plate model, and/or internal dyeing injectant/oil/water distribution of the visual homogeneous fracture spread flat plate model, and/or simulating internal fracture/width/seam length, and/or displacement water quantity, displacement water quantity and displacement water consumption of the visual homogeneous fracture spread flat plate model ⑤, and stopping the injection of the intermediate reservoir in the second liquid transportation container, and the displacement container are taken as the second volume of the displacement container, and the displacement simulation test.
Example 6:
an experimental method for evaluating a fluctuating oil recovery micro-jet permeability-increasing mechanism of a fractured reservoir is described in example 2, and is characterized in that: before the step (1), the method further comprises the steps of controlling the low-frequency resonant wave test bed to operate for a first preset time, wherein the first preset time is 30min, and then closing the low-frequency resonant wave test bed. Thus, when the first preset time is executed, a low-frequency resonant wave gel plugging performance evaluation test is formed; and when the first preset time is not executed, a non-low-frequency resonant wave gel plugging performance evaluation test is formed.
Claims (8)
1. An experimental device for evaluating a fractured reservoir fluctuation oil recovery micro-jet permeability-increasing mechanism comprises:
a resonant wave test bed;
the visual homogeneous crack spreading flat plate model is arranged on the resonant wave test bed;
the liquid container is connected with an outlet of the visual homogeneous crack spreading flat plate model;
the output end of the annular pressure supply part is connected with an annular pressure port of the visual homogeneous crack spreading flat plate model, and vertical pressure is provided for the upper part and the lower part of the flat plate model to ensure the sealing of the flat plate model;
a displacement pump;
the input port of the formation water conveying intermediate container is connected with the output port of the displacement pump, and the output port of the formation water conveying intermediate container is connected with the input end of the visual homogeneous crack spreading flat model;
an input port of the oil transportation intermediate container is connected with an output port of the displacement pump, and an output port of the oil transportation intermediate container is connected with an input end of the visual homogeneous crack spreading flat plate model;
the input port of the dyeing injection agent input intermediate container is connected with the output port of the displacement pump, and the output port of the dyeing injection agent input intermediate container is connected with the input end of the visual homogeneous crack spreading flat model;
the phenomenon observation part is arranged at a position corresponding to the visual homogeneous crack spread flat plate model and is used for acquiring an image of an experimental physical phenomenon;
the data monitoring control part is connected with the resonant wave test bed and the phenomenon observation part;
the input port of the displacement pump is connected with a liquid storage tank, and the output port of the displacement pump is respectively connected with the input ports of the formation water conveying intermediate container, the oil conveying intermediate container and the dyeing injection agent conveying intermediate container through control valves;
the output ports of the formation water conveying intermediate container, the oil conveying intermediate container and the dyeing injection agent conveying intermediate container are connected with the input end of the visual homogeneous crack spreading flat model through a multi-way valve;
the outlet of the visual homogeneous crack spreading flat plate model is respectively connected with the liquid container and the annular pressure supply part through a back pressure valve;
the visual homogeneous fracture spreading flat plate model comprises a simulation reservoir, sealing devices are arranged around the simulation reservoir, an annular pressure port of each sealing device is connected with an annular pressure supply part, and annular pressure is added into the simulation reservoir through the sealing devices; liquid inlet channels are arranged at the four ends of the simulated reservoir and the sealing device, one liquid inlet channel is used as a liquid inlet and is connected with the output end of the multi-way valve, the other liquid inlet channel is used as a liquid outlet and is connected with a liquid container, and the other two liquid inlet channels are blocked;
the simulated reservoir includes the following two types: the glass comprises two pieces of rectangular glass etched with uniformly spread artificial cracks and core sand positioned between the two pieces of glass, wherein the edges of the two pieces of glass are adhered together through an adhesive; and secondly, a homogeneous crack is cut in the cemented artificial rock core.
2. The experimental device as claimed in claim 1, wherein said homogeneously spread artificial slits are parallel slits or staggered slits, and the spreading direction of the slits is parallel or perpendicular to the direction of the resonant wave and the displacement seepage.
3. The experimental apparatus as claimed in claim 1, wherein the phenomenon observing section comprises a camera and a micrometer, the data monitoring and controlling section is a computer, the ring pressure supplying section is a hand pump, and the displacement pump is a syringe type flow pump.
4. An experimental method for evaluating a fluctuating oil recovery micro-jet permeability-increasing mechanism of a fractured reservoir by using the experimental device of any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the experimental method comprises the following steps:
(1) selecting a proper visual homogeneous fracture spreading flat plate model according to experimental requirements, recording the forms of the fractures and the matrixes of an internal simulation reservoir, and measuring the fracture density, the fracture width and the fracture length in the flat plate model;
(2) connecting the visual homogeneous crack spreading flat plate model with an annular pressure pipeline, a liquid inlet pipeline and a liquid outlet pipeline, and opening a displacement pump for testing to ensure that the flat plate model is completely sealed;
(3) simulating reservoir saturated simulated formation water in the visual homogeneous fracture spread flat plate model;
(4) heating the simulated reservoir to the environmental temperature of the stratum to be simulated and preserving heat;
(5) calculating the pore volume and porosity of the visual homogeneous fracture spread flat plate model according to the weight difference of the visual homogeneous fracture spread flat plate model before and after saturation of the simulated formation water;
(6) carrying out an oil-displacing water dynamic simulation test, a water-displacing oil dynamic simulation test, a dyeing injection displacement simulation test or a fluctuating complex dyeing injection displacement simulation test;
(7) and (4) replacing visual homogeneous crack distribution flat plate models with different crack distributions and/or different fluctuation directions and displacement directions, and repeating the steps (1) to (6).
5. The experimental method as claimed in claim 4, wherein the dynamic simulation test of the oil-displacing water in step (6) is performed by cutting off the pipeline between the formation water transportation intermediate container and the dyeing injectant transportation intermediate container and the visual homogeneous fracture spread flat model at ①, transporting the oil in the oil transportation intermediate container into the visual homogeneous fracture spread flat model at ② by using a displacement pump, continuously observing the oil-water distribution in the visual homogeneous fracture spread flat model, the displacement water amount in the liquid container and the oil pressure in the oil transportation intermediate container at ③, and ending the dynamic simulation test of the oil-displacing water at ④ when the oil pressure is kept stable and the displacement water amount is not changed.
6. The experimental method as claimed in claim 4, wherein the water-displacement oil dynamic simulation test in step (6) is performed by steps of ① disconnecting the pipeline between the oil transportation intermediate container and the dyeing injectant transportation intermediate container and the visual homogeneous fracture distribution flat plate model, ② using a displacement pump to convey water in the formation water transportation intermediate container into the visual homogeneous fracture distribution flat plate model, ③ recording relevant parameters at a plurality of time points, wherein the relevant parameters comprise recording time, and/or inlet water pressure value of the visual homogeneous fracture distribution flat plate model, and/or internal oil-water distribution of the visual homogeneous fracture distribution flat plate model, and/or displacement water amount, and/or displacement oil amount, and/or water consumption amount, wherein the displacement oil amount is oil amount in the liquid container, the displacement water amount is water amount in the liquid container, and the water consumption amount is water consumed in the formation water transportation intermediate container, ④ stopping the test when displacement is carried out to a first predetermined multiple of pore volume, disconnecting the pipeline between the oil transportation intermediate container and the visual homogeneous fracture distribution flat plate model, and simulating micro-scale fluid flow of oil production.
7. The experimental method of claim 4, wherein in step (6), the dyeing injectant displacement simulation test is performed by cutting off the pipeline between the formation water intermediate container and the oil intermediate container and the visual homogeneous fracture spread plate model ①, transferring the dyeing injectant in the dyeing injectant intermediate container into the visual homogeneous fracture spread plate model by using a displacement pump ②, and recording relevant parameters at a plurality of time points ③, wherein the relevant parameters comprise recording time, and/or inlet dyeing injectant pressure value of the visual homogeneous fracture spread plate model, and/or internal dyeing injectant/oil/water distribution of the visual homogeneous fracture spread plate model, and/or simulating fracture morphology/fracture width/fracture length inside the reservoir, and/or displacement water amount, and/or displacement oil amount, and/or displacement dyeing amount, and/or water consumption amount, and/or dyeing dosage, wherein the displacement water amount is the water amount in the liquid container, and the displacement water consumption amount in the intermediate container is ④ times of the volume of the pipeline between the displacement and the visual homogeneous fracture spread plate model.
8. The experimental method as claimed in claim 4, wherein in step (6), the fluctuating complex dyeing injectant displacement simulation test is operated by opening ① the resonant wave test bed and adjusting to vibration frequency, vibration acceleration and amplitude required by the test, disconnecting ② the pipeline between the formation water and oil transportation intermediate container and the visual homogeneous fracture spread slab model, ③ the dyeing injectant in the dyeing injectant transportation intermediate container is transported into the visual homogeneous fracture spread slab model by using a displacement pump, and recording ④ relevant parameters at a plurality of time points, wherein the relevant parameters comprise recording time, and/or the inlet dyeing injectant pressure value of the visual homogeneous fracture spread slab model, and/or the dyeing injectant/oil/water distribution inside the visual homogeneous fracture spread slab model, and/or the fracture morphology/seam width/seam length inside the reservoir, and/or the displacement volume of the displacement liquid container, and the displacement volume of the displacement container is a multiple of the displacement volume of the displacement container, and the displacement volume of the displacement container is cut off from the visual homogeneous fracture spread slab model, and the displacement test is stopped when the displacement tank is stopped by using the vibration test.
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| CN110984942A (en) * | 2019-11-18 | 2020-04-10 | 中国石油集团川庆钻探工程有限公司 | Visual experimental apparatus of dynamic simulation shale fracturing fracture net |
| CN110924933A (en) * | 2019-11-18 | 2020-03-27 | 中国石油集团川庆钻探工程有限公司 | Visual experiment method for dynamically simulating shale fracturing fracture network |
| CN110984929A (en) * | 2019-12-20 | 2020-04-10 | 长江大学 | Oil reservoir visual displacement simulation device and method |
| CN111413230B (en) * | 2020-05-12 | 2021-03-16 | 燕山大学 | High-voltage pulse water injection excited sandstone micro-damage detection experimental device and method |
| CN112067749B (en) * | 2020-09-07 | 2021-05-25 | 西南石油大学 | Microscopic visual experimental device for crack plugging layer forming mechanism and simulation observation method |
| CN116181317B (en) * | 2023-02-23 | 2023-11-14 | 西南石油大学 | Device and method for testing displacement effect of plugging gel of rough fracture surface |
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