CN111413230B - High-voltage pulse water injection excited sandstone micro-damage detection experimental device and method - Google Patents
High-voltage pulse water injection excited sandstone micro-damage detection experimental device and method Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a device and a method for testing sandstone micro-damage through high-pressure pulse water injection excitation, and relates to the technical field of high-pressure pulse water injection tests in petroleum and natural gas engineering. The sandstone micro-damage detection and characterization method is reasonable in design and simple to use and operate, and utilizes the measured sound path, magnetic flux signal, gas porosity, gas permeability and water drive permeability change to carry out non-contact detection and characterization on the sandstone micro-damage in the high-pressure continuous pulse water injection and leakage instantaneous pulse water injection process, so that the sandstone micro-damage change rule under different sandstone physical parameters and pulse excitation parameters can be obtained.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of oil and gas engineering, relates to a high-pressure pulse water injection experimental technology of oil and gas engineering, and particularly relates to a high-pressure pulse water injection excited sandstone micro-damage detection experimental device and method.
Background
The low-permeability reservoir becomes an important succesive force for stable production and storage in China at present, and the improvement of the flow conductivity of the reservoir is an important precondition for realizing yield and injection increase in the later period. In addition to necessary hydraulic fracturing measures, how to further maintain a complex fracture network formed in a near well zone in the development process and improve the injection capacity weakened by the reduction of formation energy (pressure) (as the permeability is increasingly low) is an important problem for realizing the long-term effective high-conductivity injection and production of the low-permeability sandstone reservoir. The high-pressure pulse water injection technology stimulates the low-frequency fluctuation to induce seepage by increasing the water injection pressure fluctuation and the reciprocating low-frequency excitation of the rocks around the well to generate periodic strain and fatigue damage, and has potential advantages for increasing the yield and the injection of the low-permeability reservoir. The method is a necessary basic research for promoting the application of high-pressure pulse water injection and optimizing process parameters.
However, at present, pulse excitation experiments around rock damage mainly aim at square rock cores (set cement), coal and shale, are applied to reservoir transformation and drilling rock breaking, and are applied to rock damage detection in the field of geotechnical engineering or reservoir transformation, including acoustic emission methods contacting the surface of a measuring element and expensive nuclear magnetic resonance, CT scanning and other methods. Therefore, at present, a non-contact rock micro-damage detection experimental device applied to a water injection development process, high-pressure pulse excitation and a certain confining pressure condition is not available, and especially, an experimental device which is reasonable in design, simple to use and operate, low in cost and capable of realizing sandstone micro-damage detection under the conditions of high-pressure continuous pulse water injection and leakage instantaneous pulse water injection and an effective experimental method thereof are not available.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a high-voltage pulse water injection excitation sandstone micro-damage detection experimental device and method which are reliable in working performance, good in simulation effect, reasonable in installation and layout and capable of providing various pulse excitation experimental conditions, so as to solve the problems in the experimental device and the experimental technology.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides the following scheme:
the invention provides a high-pressure pulse water injection excited sandstone micro-damage detection experimental device, which comprises a displacement pump, an air source device, a water delivery intermediate container, a magnetic fluid delivery intermediate container, a damage detection core pipe, a metering device, an ultrasonic flaw detector, a magnetic field intensity detector and a data processing device, wherein the displacement pump is connected with the displacement pump;
the displacement pump is used for forming high-pressure pulse flow, the displacement pump and the gas source device are simultaneously connected with the water delivery intermediate container through pipelines, the displacement pump, the gas source device, the water delivery intermediate container and the magnetic fluid delivery intermediate container are all connected with the injection end of the damage detection core barrel, and the tail end of the damage detection core barrel is connected with the metering device through a back pressure valve;
probes of the ultrasonic flaw detector and the magnetic field intensity detector are in contact with measuring points on the surface of the damage detection core tube and are respectively used for measuring a sound path and a magnetic flux signal; the ultrasonic flaw detector and the magnetic field intensity detector are in signal connection with the data processing device.
Optionally, the displacement pump, the gas source device, the water delivery intermediate container, the magnetic fluid delivery intermediate container and the damage detection core barrel are connected in parallel to a multi-way valve, and the displacement pump, the water delivery intermediate container, the magnetic fluid delivery intermediate container and the multi-way valve are connected in parallel to the back pressure valve.
Optionally, the damage detection device further comprises a protective cover, and the water conveying intermediate container, the magnetic fluid conveying intermediate container and the damage detection core barrel are all installed in the protective cover.
Optionally, the air source device, the water delivery intermediate container and the multi-way valve are respectively connected with a pressure gauge.
Optionally, the displacement pump is a reciprocating pump that can create a high pressure pulsed flow.
Optionally, the damage detection core tube comprises a core tube cavity, an end cover, and a sealing rubber and an artificial core inside the cavity, wherein the core tube cavity is connected with the end cover through a thread; the lateral wall of the injection end of the damage detection core tube is provided with a plurality of pressure measuring points used for being connected with a pressure gauge, studs are arranged in the pressure measuring points, sealing rubber is arranged on the inner wall of the cavity of the core tube, and the insides of the studs are in close contact with the sealing rubber.
Optionally, the stud is made of a material different from that of the core tube cavity; and fixing and sealing the contact position of the stud and the outer surface of the core tube cavity by using a bolt.
Meanwhile, the invention provides a high-voltage pulse water injection excitation sandstone micro-damage detection experimental method, which is realized according to the high-voltage pulse water injection excitation sandstone micro-damage detection experimental device and comprises the following steps:
step S1, performing a control group core signal measurement experiment before high-voltage pulse water injection excitation, wherein the experiment process is as follows:
s101, core physical property measurement and device assembly: preparing an artificial core, and pneumatically measuring the porosity and permeability of the artificial core and the vacuum saturation core; loading the control group artificial rock core into a rock core tube cavity, connecting an experimental device, and detecting the sealing condition; communicating the displacement pump, the water delivery intermediate container, the damage detection core pipe and a back pressure valve passage, forming back pressure at the tail end of the damage detection core pipe, displacing the artificial core of the control group by referring to conventional water drive pressure, and measuring the flow rate and the water drive permeability after the pressure is stable;
s102, signal measurement: measuring signals of each measuring point on the surface of the cavity of the rock core by using an ultrasonic flaw detector; after the measurement is finished, communicating a displacement pump, a magnetic fluid conveying intermediate container and a damage detection core tube passage, injecting the magnetic fluid into the artificial core of the control group in a stable pressure manner, achieving stable pressure, and measuring signals of each measuring point on the surface of the core tube cavity by using a magnetic field intensity detector; stopping the device after the measurement is finished, releasing pressure, taking out the artificial core of the control group, performing CT scanning on the artificial core, and pneumatically measuring the porosity and permeability of the artificial core again;
step S2, carrying out a continuous high-pressure pulse water injection excited core micro-damage measurement experiment, wherein the experiment process is as follows:
s201, device assembling and core displacement: a synchronous step S101, connecting an experimental device, detecting the sealing property, displacing the artificial rock core to achieve stable pressure, and measuring the flow rate and the water drive permeability;
s202, comparing signal measurement with micro-damage signals: according to the continuous high-pressure pulse water injection condition, a displacement pump or an air source device is utilized to carry out pulse displacement on the artificial rock core with similar physical properties; after the pulse displacement is finished, replacing water injection under the conventional displacement pressure, and measuring the flow rate and the water drive permeability; in the same step S102, firstly, measuring signals by using an ultrasonic flaw detector, then injecting magnetic fluid into the artificial rock core, measuring signals by using a magnetic field intensity detector, then decompressing the experimental device, taking out the artificial rock core, performing CT scanning, and re-pneumatically measuring the porosity and permeability of the artificial rock core; then comparing the difference of the ultrasonic flaw detector measuring signal, the magnetic field intensity detector measuring signal and the CT scanning result in the steps S102 and S202, and establishing the relation between the micro-damage characteristics obtained by the CT scanning and the changes of the sound path, the magnetic flux signal, the gas porosity, the gas permeability and the water drive permeability;
s203, analyzing the sensitivity of the continuous high-voltage pulse water injection excitation parameters: the method comprises the following steps of S201 and S202, loading new artificial rock cores with similar physical properties, changing excitation frequency, excitation time and peak pressure during pulse water injection respectively, measuring flow rate and water drive permeability after excitation is finished, comparing the difference between the signals measured by the ultrasonic flaw detector and the magnetic field strength detector in the S102 and S203 by using the signals measured by the ultrasonic flaw detector and the magnetic field strength detector, and obtaining the micro-damage degree under the given continuous high-pressure pulse water injection excitation parameter according to the relation between the micro-damage characteristics obtained by CT scanning in the S202 and the changes of sound path, magnetic flux signal, gas porosity, gas permeability and water drive permeability to obtain the influence rule of the excitation frequency, the excitation time and the peak pressure of the micro-damage degree during continuous high-pressure pulse water injection;
s204, core physical property parameter sensitivity analysis: synchronous steps S201 and S202, loading new artificial rock cores with different porosities, permeabilities and rock strengths, and carrying out continuous high-pressure pulse water injection excitation; in the same step 203, measuring the flow rate and the water drive permeability after excitation is finished, measuring signals by using an ultrasonic flaw detector and a magnetic field intensity detector, and performing pressure relief and gas measurement on the porosity and permeability of the artificial core by using an experimental device to obtain a rule that the micro-damage degree is influenced by the physical properties of rocks during continuous high-pressure pulse water injection;
step S3, carrying out a leakage instantaneous pulse water injection excited core micro-damage measurement experiment, wherein the experiment process is as follows:
s301, device assembly and core displacement: a synchronous step S101, connecting an experimental device, detecting the sealing property, displacing the artificial rock core to achieve stable pressure, and measuring the flow rate and the water drive permeability;
s302, comparing the signal measurement with the micro-damage signal: pressurizing the water delivery intermediate container by using a displacement pump or an air source device, and displacing the artificial rock core with similar physical properties by using the instantaneous pressure relief of the water delivery intermediate container according to the condition of the instantaneous pulse water injection with the leakage property; after the pulse displacement is finished, water injection under the conventional displacement pressure is finished, and the flow rate and the water drive permeability are measured; in the same step S102, firstly, measuring signals by using an ultrasonic flaw detector, then injecting magnetic fluid into the artificial rock core, measuring signals by using a magnetic field intensity detector, then decompressing the experimental device, taking out the artificial rock core, performing CT scanning, and re-pneumatically measuring the porosity and permeability of the artificial rock core; comparing the difference between the ultrasonic flaw detector measuring signal, the magnetic field intensity detector measuring signal and the CT scanning result in the steps S102 and S302, and establishing the relation between the micro-damage characteristics obtained by the CT scanning and the changes of the sound path, the magnetic flux signal, the gas porosity, the gas permeability and the water drive permeability;
s303, analyzing sensitivity of the let-in instantaneous pulse water injection excitation parameters: the method comprises the following steps of S301 and S302, loading new artificial rock cores with similar physical properties, changing pressure relief time, excitation times, interval time and peak pressure during pulse water injection respectively, measuring flow rate and water drive permeability after excitation is finished, comparing the difference between the signals measured by the ultrasonic flaw detector and the signals measured by the magnetic field strength detector in the steps S102 and S303 by using the signals measured by the ultrasonic flaw detector and the magnetic field strength detector, obtaining the micro-damage degree under the given leakage instantaneous pulse water injection excitation parameter according to the relation between the micro-damage characteristics obtained by CT scanning in the step S302 and the changes of sound path, magnetic flux signal, gas porosity, gas permeability and water drive permeability, and obtaining the rule that the micro-damage degree is influenced by the pressure relief time, the excitation times, the interval time and the peak pressure during leakage instantaneous pulse water injection;
s304, core physical property parameter sensitivity analysis: synchronous steps S301 and S302, loading new artificial rock cores with different porosities, permeabilities and rock strengths, and carrying out leakage instantaneous pulse water injection excitation; in the same step 303, measuring the flow rate and the water drive permeability after excitation is finished, measuring signals by using an ultrasonic flaw detector and a magnetic field intensity detector, and performing pressure relief and gas measurement on the porosity and permeability of the artificial rock core by using an experimental device to obtain the rule that the micro-damage degree is influenced by the physical properties of the rock during the water injection of the leak-in instantaneous pulse;
step S4, data processing: according to the experimental data recorded in the steps S203, S204, S303 and 304, the influence of different pulse water injection conditions and core physical property conditions on the sandstone micro-damage degree is compared, pulse water injection process parameters are optimized according to the influence rule of the micro-damage degree by pulse water injection excitation parameters and the rock physical property, and the oil deposit characteristics suitable for high-pressure pulse water injection are given.
Optionally, the displacement pump and the gas source device supply pressure to the water delivery intermediate containers to a required pressure value, one water delivery intermediate container intermittently opens the valve to release flow and reduce pressure, and the required pressure value is replenished, or a plurality of water delivery intermediate containers reach the required pressure value and sequentially open the valve to release flow and reduce pressure, so as to form a leakage instantaneous pulse water injection condition for core displacement in the damage detection core tube.
Optionally, the displacement pump directly displaces the core inside the damage detection core tube through a pipeline, or the air source device intermittently opens the valve to displace the core inside the damage detection core tube, so as to form a continuous high-pressure pulse water injection condition for displacing the core inside the damage detection core tube.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following technical effects:
compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages:
1. the detection signals are of various types, and the micro-damage degree of the rock core under the excitation of the change reaction pulses of the sound path, the magnetic flux signal, the gas logging porosity, the gas logging permeability and the water drive permeability can be used simultaneously.
2. The method is used for the water injection development process of petroleum engineering, has high pulse water injection pressure, stimulates the rock core by peak pressure to promote the generation and extension of micro-fractures, provides two modes of gas excitation and water excitation, and provides two excitation conditions of continuous high-pressure pulse water injection and leakage instantaneous pulse water injection.
3. The method has the advantages of high accuracy and low investment cost, and can represent the micro-damage degree by using the obtained multiple signal measurement results after the connection between the multiple signal measurement results and the micro-damage result of the CT scanning is obtained, thereby reducing the CT scanning times.
4. The practical value is high, the pulse excitation is improved and expanded to the production of a daily oil reservoir from a reservoir stratum, the mechanism that the high-voltage pulse water injection promotes the flow guiding capacity of a low-permeability oil-gas reservoir and an unconventional oil-gas reservoir in the production process is explained, the near-wellbore zone injection capacity weakened due to the reduction of formation energy or pressure is improved, and pulse water injection parameters are optimized.
In conclusion, the method is reasonable in design and simple to use and operate, sandstone micro-damage detection is performed under the conditions of high-pressure continuous pulse water injection and leakage instantaneous pulse water injection, and the change of the sound path, the magnetic flux signal, the gas porosity, the gas permeability and the water drive permeability is used for reflecting the micro-damage degree of the rock core under pulse excitation, so that sandstone micro-damage change rules under different sandstone physical parameters and pulse excitation parameters are obtained, and the practicability is high.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings needed to be used in the embodiments will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art to obtain other drawings without inventive exercise.
FIG. 1 is a reference diagram of the overall use state of the experimental device for detecting the micro-damage of the sandstone through high-voltage pulse water injection excitation;
FIG. 2 is a detailed use state reference diagram of a damage detection core barrel in the experimental device for detecting the micro-damage of the sandstone through high-voltage pulse water injection excitation;
FIG. 3 is a flow chart of an experimental method for detecting micro-damage of sandstone through high-pressure pulse water injection excitation according to the invention;
wherein the reference numerals are: 1-a displacement pump; 2-high pressure resistant water conveying intermediate container; 3-transferring the magnetic fluid intermediate container; 4-a multi-way valve; 5-damage detection of the core barrel; 6-a metering device; 7-ultrasonic flaw detector; 8-a magnetic field intensity detector; 9-a data processing device; 10-gas source means; 11-a protective cover; 12-a pressure gauge; 13-a back pressure valve; 14-a bolt; 15-a stud; 16-an artificial core; 17-sealing rubber; 18-core tube cavity; 19-threading; 20-end cap.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
In order to make the aforementioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention comprehensible, embodiments accompanied with figures are described in further detail below.
The first embodiment is as follows:
as shown in fig. 1 to 2, the embodiment provides a high-pressure pulse water injection excited sandstone micro-damage detection experimental device, which includes a displacement pump 1, an air source device 10, a high-pressure-resistant water delivery intermediate container 2, a magnetic fluid delivery intermediate container 3, a damage detection core pipe 5, a metering device 6, an ultrasonic flaw detector 7, a magnetic field strength detector 8, a data processing device 9, and a protective cover 11; the displacement pump 1 is a reciprocating pump capable of forming high-pressure pulse flow, the number of the high-pressure-resistant water conveying intermediate containers 2 is one or more, the displacement pump 1 and the air source device 10 are simultaneously connected with the high-pressure-resistant water conveying intermediate containers 2 through pipelines and are also simultaneously connected with the multi-way valve 4 through pipelines, and the air source device 10, the high-pressure-resistant water conveying intermediate containers 2 and the magnetic fluid conveying intermediate containers 3 are respectively provided with a pressure gauge 12; the ultrasonic flaw detector 7 and the magnetic field intensity detector 8 are connected with the data processing device 9, and probes of the ultrasonic flaw detector 7 and the magnetic field intensity detector 8 are respectively contacted with a measuring point on the surface of the damage detection core tube 5 to measure and obtain a sound path and a magnetic flux signal; the injection end of the damage detection core tube 5 is connected with the high-pressure-resistant water delivery intermediate container 2 and the magnetic fluid delivery intermediate container 3 through the multi-way valve 4, and the tail end of the damage detection core tube 5 is connected with the back pressure valve 13 and the metering device 6. The multi-way valve 4 is preferably a six-way valve.
In the embodiment, the damage detection core barrel 5 comprises a core barrel cavity 18, an end cover 20, sealing rubber 17 inside the cavity and an artificial core 16, wherein the core barrel cavity 18 is connected with the end cover 20 through threads 19; in the vicinity of the injection end of the damage detection core barrel 5, a plurality of studs 15 are arranged on a core barrel cavity 18 in a spirally distributed mode, the material of the studs 15 is different from that of the core barrel cavity 18, in the experiment, the studs 15 are aluminum columns, the core barrel cavity 18 is made of stainless steel, two ends of the studs 15 are polished to be flat and smooth, the inner parts of the studs 15 are in close contact with sealing rubber 17, and the contact positions of the studs 15 and the outer surface of the core barrel cavity 18 are fixedly sealed by bolts 14; when the artificial core 16 needs to perform multi-point pressure measurement, a plurality of pressure measurement points can be arranged on the surface of the core barrel cavity 18, and the pressure measurement points are connected with a pressure gauge sensor.
In the embodiment, the displacement pump 1 and the air source device 10 supply pressure to the high-pressure-resistant water delivery intermediate container 2 to a required pressure value, one high-pressure-resistant water delivery intermediate container 2 intermittently opens the valve to discharge and reduce the pressure and replenishes the required pressure value again, or a plurality of high-pressure-resistant water delivery intermediate containers 2 reach the required pressure value and sequentially open the valve to discharge and reduce the pressure, so that a leakage instantaneous pulse water injection condition for core displacement in the damage detection core tube 5 is formed; the displacement pump 1 directly displaces the rock core inside the damage detection core pipe 5 through a pipeline, or the air source device 10 intermittently opens a valve to displace the rock core inside the damage detection core pipe 5, so that a continuous high-pressure pulse water injection condition for displacing the rock core inside the damage detection core pipe 5 is formed.
The experimental method for detecting the sandstone micro-damage excited by the high-voltage pulse water injection mainly comprises the following steps of:
step S1, performing a control group core signal measurement experiment before high-voltage pulse water injection excitation, wherein the experiment process is as follows:
s101, core physical property measurement and device assembly: preparing artificial rock cores 16 with the same batch, the same manufacturing process and similar physical properties, pneumatically measuring the porosity and permeability of the artificial rock cores 16, and vacuum saturating the rock cores; loading the control group artificial rock core into a rock core tube cavity 18, connecting an experimental device, and detecting the sealing condition; opening the passages of the displacement pump 1, the high-pressure-resistant water delivery intermediate container 2, the multi-way valve 4 and the back pressure valve 13, and forming back pressure at the tail end of the damage detection core tube 5; opening a displacement pump 1, a high-pressure-resistant water delivery intermediate container 2, a multi-way valve 4 and a damage detection core pipe 5, displacing the control group artificial core by referring to the conventional water drive pressure, achieving stable pressure, and measuring the flow rate and the water drive permeability;
in the embodiment, the high-pressure-resistant water delivery intermediate container 2 and the damage detection core tube 5 are pressure-resistant at 10MPa, the damage detection core tube 5 is about 20cm long, the frequency of the ultrasonic flaw detector 7 is 5 Hz-500 kHz, the gain range is 0-800 dB, and the measurement range of the magnetic field intensity detector 8 is 0.05T-13.5T. The artificial core 16 was divided into three types, with a core length of about 6cm and a radius of about 2.5 cm: firstly, the prepared homogeneous rock core without cracks and extrusion treatment is prepared; secondly, a 1cm long slice is put close to the injection end face of the core in the manufacturing process, and a fracture is formed at the contact part of the slice and the core sand; thirdly, after a stress-strain curve is measured on the homogeneous core of the first type, critical stress generated by brittle deformation, plastic deformation and fracture is obtained, and an extrusion experiment is carried out on the homogeneous core of the first type according to the critical stress. The displacement core starts until the pressure is stabilized to the measurement flow rate, and the time is not less than 12 h;
s102, signal measurement: measuring signals of various measuring points (the outer surface of the stud 15) on the surface of the core tube cavity 18 by using the ultrasonic flaw detector 7; after the measurement is finished, opening the passages of the displacement pump 1, the magnetic fluid conveying intermediate container 3, the multi-way valve 4 and the damage detection core tube 5, injecting the magnetic fluid into the control group artificial core at a stable pressure to achieve stable pressure, and measuring signals of each measuring point on the surface of the core tube cavity 18 by using the magnetic field intensity detector 8; stopping the device after the measurement is finished, releasing pressure, taking out the artificial core of the control group, performing CT scanning on the artificial core, and pneumatically measuring the porosity and permeability of the artificial core again;
in the embodiment, the magnetic fluid is nano ferroferric oxide particles with uniform particle size prepared by an ultrasonic dispersion method, and the pumping speed of the magnetic fluid during injection is not higher than 0.1 ml/min; measuring each measuring point (the outer surface of the stud 15) three times by the ultrasonic flaw detector 7 and the magnetic field intensity detector 8, and averaging; when the measurement time and the signal change sensitivity are high, the measuring point arrangement is encrypted.
Step S2, carrying out a continuous high-pressure pulse water injection excited core micro-damage measurement experiment, wherein the experiment process is as follows:
s201, device assembling and core displacement: a synchronous step S101, connecting an experimental device, detecting the sealing property, displacing the artificial rock core to achieve stable pressure, and measuring the flow rate and the water drive permeability;
s202, comparing signal measurement with micro-damage signals: according to the continuous high-pressure pulse water injection condition, a displacement pump 1 or an air source device 10 is utilized to perform pulse displacement with certain excitation frequency, excitation time and peak pressure on the artificial rock core with similar physical properties; after the pulse displacement is finished, water injection under the conventional displacement pressure is finished, and the flow rate and the water drive permeability are measured; in the same step S102, firstly, measuring signals by using an ultrasonic flaw detector 7, then injecting magnetic fluid into the artificial core, measuring signals by using a magnetic field intensity detector 8, then decompressing the experimental device, taking out the artificial core, performing CT scanning, and re-pneumatically measuring the porosity and permeability of the artificial core; comparing the difference between the measurement signal of the ultrasonic flaw detector 7, the measurement signal of the magnetic field intensity detector 8 and the CT scanning result in the steps S102 and S202, and establishing the relation between the micro-damage characteristics obtained by the CT scanning and the changes of the sound path, the magnetic flux signal, the gas porosity, the gas permeability and the water drive permeability;
s203, analyzing the sensitivity of the continuous high-voltage pulse water injection excitation parameters: the method comprises the following steps of S201 and S202 synchronously, loading new artificial rock cores with similar physical properties, changing excitation frequency, excitation time and peak pressure during pulse water injection respectively, measuring flow rate and water drive permeability after excitation is finished, comparing the difference between the signals measured by the ultrasonic flaw detector 7 and the magnetic field strength detector 8 in the S102 and S203 by using the signals measured by the ultrasonic flaw detector 7 and the magnetic field strength detector 8, obtaining the micro-damage degree under the given continuous high-pressure pulse water injection excitation parameter according to the relation between the micro-damage characteristics obtained by CT scanning in the S202 and the changes of sound path, magnetic flux signal, gas porosity, gas permeability and water drive permeability, and obtaining the influence rule of the excitation frequency, the excitation time and the peak pressure of the micro-damage degree during continuous high-pressure pulse water injection;
s204, core physical property parameter sensitivity analysis: synchronous steps S201 and S202, loading new artificial rock cores with different porosities, permeabilities and rock strengths, and carrying out continuous high-pressure pulse water injection excitation; in the same step 203, the flow rate and the water drive permeability are measured after the excitation is finished, signals are measured by the ultrasonic flaw detector 7 and the magnetic field intensity detector 8, and the porosity and the permeability of the artificial rock core are measured by the experiment device through pressure relief and gas measurement, so that the rule that the micro-damage degree is influenced by the physical properties of the rock during continuous high-pressure pulse water injection is obtained.
Step S3, carrying out a leakage instantaneous pulse water injection excited core micro-damage measurement experiment, wherein the experiment process is as follows:
s301, device assembly and core displacement: a synchronous step S101, connecting an experimental device, detecting the sealing property, displacing the artificial rock core to achieve stable pressure, and measuring the flow rate and the water drive permeability;
s302, comparing the signal measurement with the micro-damage signal: pressurizing the high-pressure-resistant water delivery intermediate container 2 by using a displacement pump 1 or an air source device 10, and displacing the artificial rock core with similar physical properties for certain pressure relief time, excitation times, interval time and peak pressure by using instantaneous pressure relief of the high-pressure-resistant water delivery intermediate container 2 according to the condition of leakage instantaneous pulse water injection; after the pulse displacement is finished, water injection under the conventional displacement pressure is finished, and the flow rate and the water drive permeability are measured; in the same step S102, firstly, measuring signals by using an ultrasonic flaw detector 7, then injecting magnetic fluid into the artificial core, measuring signals by using a magnetic field intensity detector 8, then decompressing the experimental device, taking out the artificial core, performing CT scanning, and re-pneumatically measuring the porosity and permeability of the artificial core; comparing the difference between the measurement signal of the ultrasonic flaw detector 7, the measurement signal of the magnetic field intensity detector 8 and the CT scanning result in the steps S102 and S302, and establishing the relation between the micro-damage characteristics obtained by the CT scanning and the changes of the sound path, the magnetic flux signal, the gas porosity, the gas permeability and the water drive permeability;
s303, analyzing sensitivity of the let-in instantaneous pulse water injection excitation parameters: the method comprises the following steps of S301 and S302, loading new artificial rock cores with similar physical properties, changing pressure relief time, excitation times, interval time and peak pressure during pulse water injection respectively, measuring flow rate and water drive permeability after excitation is finished, comparing the difference between the signals measured by the ultrasonic flaw detector 7 and the magnetic field strength detector 8 in the steps S102 and S303 by using the signals measured by the ultrasonic flaw detector 7 and the magnetic field strength detector 8, obtaining the micro-damage degree under the given leakage instantaneous pulse water injection excitation parameter according to the relation between the micro-damage characteristics obtained by CT scanning in the step S302 and the changes of sound path, magnetic flux signal, gas measurement porosity, gas measurement permeability and water drive permeability, and obtaining the rule that the micro-damage degree is influenced by the pressure relief time, the excitation times, the interval time and the peak pressure during leakage instantaneous pulse water injection;
s304, core physical property parameter sensitivity analysis: synchronous steps S301 and S302, loading new artificial rock cores with different porosities, permeabilities and rock strengths, and carrying out leakage instantaneous pulse water injection excitation; in the same step 303, measuring the flow rate and the water drive permeability after excitation is finished, measuring signals by using an ultrasonic flaw detector 7 and a magnetic field intensity detector 8, and performing pressure relief and gas measurement on the porosity and permeability of the artificial rock core by using an experimental device to obtain the rule that the micro-damage degree is influenced by the physical properties of the rock when the leakage instantaneous pulse water injection is performed;
step S4, data processing: according to the experimental data recorded in the steps S203, S204, S303 and 304, the influence of different pulse water injection conditions and core physical property conditions on the sandstone micro-damage degree is compared, pulse water injection process parameters are optimized according to the influence rule of the micro-damage degree by pulse water injection excitation parameters and the rock physical property, and the oil deposit characteristics suitable for high-pressure pulse water injection are given.
In conclusion, the method provides a comparison standard of micro-damage occurrence after pulse excitation through a control group core signal measurement experiment before high-voltage pulse water injection excitation; and then, the rock core micro-damage measurement is excited by continuous high-pressure pulse water injection and leakage instantaneous pulse water injection, the rule that the micro-damage degree is influenced by the rock physical property and the pulse excitation parameters is analyzed, and further the process parameters and the oil reservoir characteristics suitable for high-pressure pulse water injection can be obtained through optimization.
It will be evident to those skilled in the art that the invention is not limited to the details of the foregoing illustrative embodiments, and that the present invention may be embodied in other specific forms without departing from the spirit or essential attributes thereof. The present embodiments are therefore to be considered in all respects as illustrative and not restrictive, the scope of the invention being indicated by the appended claims rather than by the foregoing description, and all changes which come within the meaning and range of equivalency of the claims are therefore intended to be embraced therein, and any reference signs in the claims are not intended to be construed as limiting the claim concerned.
The principle and the implementation mode of the invention are explained by applying a specific example, and the description of the embodiment is only used for helping to understand the method and the core idea of the invention; meanwhile, for a person skilled in the art, according to the idea of the present invention, the specific embodiments and the application range may be changed. In view of the above, the present disclosure should not be construed as limiting the invention.
Claims (10)
1. The utility model provides a high pressure pulse water injection excitation sandstone micro damage detects experimental apparatus which characterized in that: the device comprises a displacement pump, an air source device, a water delivery intermediate container, a magnetic fluid delivery intermediate container, a damage detection core barrel, a metering device, an ultrasonic flaw detector, a magnetic field intensity detector and a data processing device;
the displacement pump is used for forming high-pressure pulse flow, the displacement pump and the gas source device are simultaneously connected with the water delivery intermediate container through pipelines, the displacement pump, the gas source device, the water delivery intermediate container and the magnetic fluid delivery intermediate container are all connected with the injection end of the damage detection core barrel, and the tail end of the damage detection core barrel is connected with the metering device through a back pressure valve;
probes of the ultrasonic flaw detector and the magnetic field intensity detector are in contact with measuring points on the surface of the damage detection core tube and are respectively used for measuring a sound path and a magnetic flux signal; the ultrasonic flaw detector and the magnetic field intensity detector are in signal connection with the data processing device.
2. The sandstone micro-damage detection experimental device excited by high-voltage pulse water injection according to claim 1, wherein the experimental device comprises: the displacement pump, the gas source device, the water delivery intermediate container, the magnetic fluid delivery intermediate container and the damage detection core barrel are connected in parallel with a multi-way valve, and the displacement pump, the water delivery intermediate container, the magnetic fluid delivery intermediate container and the multi-way valve are connected in parallel with the back pressure valve.
3. The sandstone micro-damage detection experimental device excited by high-voltage pulse water injection according to claim 1, wherein the experimental device comprises: the water conveying middle container, the magnetic fluid conveying middle container and the damage detection core barrel are all arranged in the protective cover.
4. The sandstone micro-damage detection experimental device excited by high-voltage pulse water injection according to claim 2, wherein the experimental device comprises: the air source device, the water delivery intermediate container and the multi-way valve are respectively connected with a pressure gauge.
5. The sandstone micro-damage detection experimental device excited by high-voltage pulse water injection according to claim 4, wherein the experimental device comprises: the displacement pump is a reciprocating pump capable of forming high-pressure pulse flow.
6. The sandstone micro-damage detection experimental device excited by high-voltage pulse water injection according to claim 1, wherein the experimental device comprises: the damage detection core tube comprises a core tube cavity, an end cover, and sealing rubber and an artificial core in the cavity, wherein the core tube cavity is connected with the end cover through threads; the lateral wall of the injection end of the damage detection core tube is provided with a plurality of pressure measuring points used for being connected with a pressure gauge, studs are arranged in the pressure measuring points, sealing rubber is arranged on the inner wall of the cavity of the core tube, and the insides of the studs are in close contact with the sealing rubber.
7. The sandstone micro-damage detection experimental device excited by high-voltage pulse water injection according to claim 6, wherein the experimental device comprises: the material of the stud is different from that of the core tube cavity; and fixing and sealing the contact position of the stud and the outer surface of the core tube cavity by using a bolt.
8. A high-voltage pulse water injection excitation sandstone micro-damage detection experimental method is realized by the high-voltage pulse water injection excitation sandstone micro-damage detection experimental device according to any one of claims 1 to 7, and is characterized in that: the method comprises the following steps:
step S1, performing a control group core signal measurement experiment before high-voltage pulse water injection excitation, wherein the experiment process is as follows:
s101, core physical property measurement and device assembly: preparing an artificial core, and pneumatically measuring the porosity and permeability of the artificial core and the vacuum saturation core; loading the control group artificial rock core into a rock core tube cavity, connecting an experimental device, and detecting the sealing condition; communicating the displacement pump, the water delivery intermediate container, the damage detection core pipe and a back pressure valve passage, forming back pressure at the tail end of the damage detection core pipe, displacing the artificial core of the control group by referring to conventional water drive pressure, and measuring the flow rate and the water drive permeability after the pressure is stable;
s102, signal measurement: measuring signals of each measuring point on the surface of the cavity of the rock core by using an ultrasonic flaw detector; after the measurement is finished, communicating a displacement pump, a magnetic fluid conveying intermediate container and a damage detection core tube passage, injecting the magnetic fluid into the artificial core of the control group in a stable pressure manner, achieving stable pressure, and measuring signals of each measuring point on the surface of the core tube cavity by using a magnetic field intensity detector; stopping the device after the measurement is finished, releasing pressure, taking out the artificial core of the control group, performing CT scanning on the artificial core, and pneumatically measuring the porosity and permeability of the artificial core again;
step S2, carrying out a continuous high-pressure pulse water injection excited core micro-damage measurement experiment, wherein the experiment process is as follows:
s201, device assembling and core displacement: a synchronous step S101, connecting an experimental device, detecting the sealing property, displacing the artificial rock core to achieve stable pressure, and measuring the flow rate and the water drive permeability;
s202, comparing signal measurement with micro-damage signals: according to the continuous high-pressure pulse water injection condition, a displacement pump or an air source device is utilized to carry out pulse displacement on the artificial rock core with similar physical properties; after the pulse displacement is finished, replacing water injection under the conventional displacement pressure, and measuring the flow rate and the water drive permeability; in the same step S102, firstly, measuring signals by using an ultrasonic flaw detector, then injecting magnetic fluid into the artificial rock core, measuring signals by using a magnetic field intensity detector, then decompressing the experimental device, taking out the artificial rock core, performing CT scanning, and re-pneumatically measuring the porosity and permeability of the artificial rock core; then comparing the difference of the ultrasonic flaw detector measuring signal, the magnetic field intensity detector measuring signal and the CT scanning result in the steps S102 and S202, and establishing the relation between the micro-damage characteristics obtained by the CT scanning and the changes of the sound path, the magnetic flux signal, the gas porosity, the gas permeability and the water drive permeability;
s203, analyzing the sensitivity of the continuous high-voltage pulse water injection excitation parameters: the method comprises the following steps of S201 and S202, loading new artificial rock cores with similar physical properties, changing excitation frequency, excitation time and peak pressure during pulse water injection respectively, measuring flow rate and water drive permeability after excitation is finished, comparing the difference between the signals measured by the ultrasonic flaw detector and the magnetic field strength detector in the S102 and S203 by using the signals measured by the ultrasonic flaw detector and the magnetic field strength detector, and obtaining the micro-damage degree under the given continuous high-pressure pulse water injection excitation parameter according to the relation between the micro-damage characteristics obtained by CT scanning in the S202 and the changes of sound path, magnetic flux signal, gas porosity, gas permeability and water drive permeability to obtain the influence rule of the excitation frequency, the excitation time and the peak pressure of the micro-damage degree during continuous high-pressure pulse water injection;
s204, core physical property parameter sensitivity analysis: synchronous steps S201 and S202, loading new artificial rock cores with different porosities, permeabilities and rock strengths, and carrying out continuous high-pressure pulse water injection excitation; in the same step 203, measuring the flow rate and the water drive permeability after excitation is finished, measuring signals by using an ultrasonic flaw detector and a magnetic field intensity detector, and performing pressure relief and gas measurement on the porosity and permeability of the artificial core by using an experimental device to obtain a rule that the micro-damage degree is influenced by the physical properties of rocks during continuous high-pressure pulse water injection;
step S3, carrying out a leakage instantaneous pulse water injection excited core micro-damage measurement experiment, wherein the experiment process is as follows:
s301, device assembly and core displacement: a synchronous step S101, connecting an experimental device, detecting the sealing property, displacing the artificial rock core to achieve stable pressure, and measuring the flow rate and the water drive permeability;
s302, comparing the signal measurement with the micro-damage signal: pressurizing the water delivery intermediate container by using a displacement pump or an air source device, and displacing the artificial rock core with similar physical properties by using the instantaneous pressure relief of the water delivery intermediate container according to the condition of the instantaneous pulse water injection with the leakage property; after the pulse displacement is finished, water injection under the conventional displacement pressure is finished, and the flow rate and the water drive permeability are measured; a synchronization step S102, firstly, measuring signals by using an ultrasonic flaw detector, then injecting magnetic fluid into the artificial rock core, measuring signals by using a magnetic field intensity detector, then decompressing the experimental device, taking out the artificial rock core, performing CT scanning, and re-pneumatically measuring the porosity and permeability of the artificial rock core; comparing the difference between the ultrasonic flaw detector measuring signal, the magnetic field intensity detector measuring signal and the CT scanning result in the steps S102 and S302, and establishing the relation between the micro-damage characteristics obtained by the CT scanning and the changes of the sound path, the magnetic flux signal, the gas porosity, the gas permeability and the water drive permeability;
s303, analyzing sensitivity of the let-in instantaneous pulse water injection excitation parameters: the method comprises the following steps of S301 and S302, loading new artificial rock cores with similar physical properties, changing pressure relief time, excitation times, interval time and peak pressure during pulse water injection respectively, measuring flow rate and water drive permeability after excitation is finished, comparing the difference between the signals measured by the ultrasonic flaw detector and the signals measured by the magnetic field strength detector in the steps S102 and S303 by using the signals measured by the ultrasonic flaw detector and the magnetic field strength detector, obtaining the micro-damage degree under the given leakage instantaneous pulse water injection excitation parameter according to the relation between the micro-damage characteristics obtained by CT scanning in the step S302 and the changes of sound path, magnetic flux signal, gas porosity, gas permeability and water drive permeability, and obtaining the rule that the micro-damage degree is influenced by the pressure relief time, the excitation times, the interval time and the peak pressure during leakage instantaneous pulse water injection;
s304, core physical property parameter sensitivity analysis: synchronous steps S301 and S302, loading new artificial rock cores with different porosities, permeabilities and rock strengths, and carrying out leakage instantaneous pulse water injection excitation; in the same step 303, measuring the flow rate and the water drive permeability after excitation is finished, measuring signals by using an ultrasonic flaw detector and a magnetic field intensity detector, and performing pressure relief and gas measurement on the porosity and permeability of the artificial rock core by using an experimental device to obtain the rule that the micro-damage degree is influenced by the physical properties of the rock during the water injection of the leak-in instantaneous pulse;
step S4, data processing: according to the experimental data recorded in the steps S203, S204, S303 and 304, the influence of different pulse water injection conditions and core physical property conditions on the sandstone micro-damage degree is compared, pulse water injection process parameters are optimized according to the influence rule of the micro-damage degree by pulse water injection excitation parameters and the rock physical property, and the oil deposit characteristics suitable for high-pressure pulse water injection are given.
9. The sandstone micro-damage detection experiment method excited by high-voltage pulse water injection according to claim 8, wherein the sandstone micro-damage detection experiment method comprises the following steps: the displacement pump and the air source device supply pressure to the water conveying intermediate containers to a required pressure value, one water conveying intermediate container intermittently opens the valve to release flow and reduce pressure and replenishes the required pressure value again, or a plurality of water conveying intermediate containers reach the required pressure value and open the valve in sequence to release flow and reduce pressure, so that a leakage instantaneous pulse water injection condition for core displacement in the damage detection core tube is formed.
10. The sandstone micro-damage detection experiment method excited by high-voltage pulse water injection according to claim 8, wherein the sandstone micro-damage detection experiment method comprises the following steps: the displacement pump directly displaces the core inside the damage detection core pipe through a pipeline, or the air source device intermittently opens the valve to displace the core inside the damage detection core pipe, so that a continuous high-pressure pulse water injection condition for displacing the core inside the damage detection core pipe is formed.
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