CN108252717A - A kind of low poor damage sublevel caving of high-dipping middle thickness orebody - Google Patents
A kind of low poor damage sublevel caving of high-dipping middle thickness orebody Download PDFInfo
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- CN108252717A CN108252717A CN201810022356.3A CN201810022356A CN108252717A CN 108252717 A CN108252717 A CN 108252717A CN 201810022356 A CN201810022356 A CN 201810022356A CN 108252717 A CN108252717 A CN 108252717A
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
- E21C—MINING OR QUARRYING
- E21C41/00—Methods of underground or surface mining; Layouts therefor
- E21C41/16—Methods of underground mining; Layouts therefor
- E21C41/22—Methods of underground mining; Layouts therefor for ores, e.g. mining placers
Abstract
The present invention relates to a kind of low poor damage sublevel caving of high-dipping middle thickness orebody, including ore body in the stage is segmented exploitation from top to bottom, lower wall haulage drift, ore chute and arteries and veins connection roadway is worn, included the following steps：Determine the position of extracting drift along the pulse；Driving cuts disk boundary and cutting well on lane to ore body in extracting drift along the pulse；To parallel hole in arrangement in lane is cut, and charge explosion forms cutting groove by row；To scallop hole in arrangement in extracting drift along the pulse, wherein arranging the short blasthole of 2 4m in lower wall, the sequence of the detonation of fanhole(s) is：First explosion lower wall side gun hole, disk side gun hole in rear explosion, to reduce the accumulated amount of detonation gas and blasting cavities scale；Ore after explosion pours into ore chute by wearing arteries and veins connection roadway, and through the stage, transportation system transports.It is an advantage of the invention that：Ore recovery ratio can be improved and reduce ore dilution rate.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to a kind of mining technique field, the low poor damage sublevel caving of more particularly to a kind of high-dipping middle thickness orebody
Mining codes.
Background technology
In metalliferous deposit underground mining, high-dipping middle thickness orebody accounts for about 20%.High-dipping is exploited using sublevel caving method
During middle thickness orebody, the stope structure of generally use extracting drift along the pulse, Strike drift is in the position of vertical direction and horizontal direction
Selection influences ore losses, dilution great.
The prior art：In recent years with Ore Flows form and the principle that Caved ore body+Remained mass general morphology is consistent determine back production into
The horizontal position on road and height of lift, effectively alleviate mine loss and dilution.
The problem is that：The loss late of produce reality and dilution rate score at present, it is still more much larger than theoretical value, study carefully its original
Caused by cause, mainly back production explosion influence.As shown in Figure 1,1 in Fig. 1 is Strike drift, 2 be roof rock, and 3 walk for avalanche
Away from Fig. 1 a are the schematic diagram before explosion, and Fig. 1 b are the schematic diagram after explosion.
The study found that the close coefficient of current fanhole(s) is generally a=d/w=0.95~1.14, usually detonate with section,
The Explosion stress wave of adjacent 2 blastholes, will meet before the scope of freedom is reached between blasthole, so as to make the ore deposit between blasthole
Rock is taken the lead in puncturing, and breakdown gap is expanded and pushes the rock mass Forward for being detached from parent by detonation gas expansion, forms explosion
High pressure detonation gas is full of in cavity A, cavity A.Since the destruction of rock mass always develops to the direction of energy consumption minimization, when blasthole it
Between taken the lead in after breakdown, blasting energy pours in breakdown region in large quantities, so as to which the destruction for making burden direction is reduced.Blasthole
Spacing is smaller, and the breakdown time is more early, lighter along the explosion degree of injury in burden direction.Forming blasting cavities A's
Moment, lower part rock mass is lighter by explosion degree of injury, is intended to integral forward lead, forms explosion partition wall area C；Top rock blasting damage
It is larger to hinder degree, will further be crushed by explosion anger body in explosion Forward, form explosion fragment area B.High pressure in cavity A
Gas, under the action of Mine-rock in Caving Method " recoil strength ", from end mouthful, D rapidly flows out.Lower part partition wall area C at this time, because being pushed out rock
The quality of body is larger, and preshoot inertia force is big, the time lag of recoil, and the big speed of resistance that recoils is slow, gives top fragmented rock body
Whereabouts provides space-time, obtained top ore-rock contact surface and moves down, so as to reduce the distance that barren rock reaches out mine mouth, is advanced by
The time that barren rock is released increases the rate of dilution, and increases lower wall ore residual quantity.
Invention content
The purpose that the present invention is is to provide thick in a kind of high-dipping that can be improved ore recovery ratio and reduce ore dilution rate
The low poor damage sublevel caving of ore body.
The purpose of the present invention is what is be achieved through the following technical solutions：
The present invention a kind of high-dipping middle thickness orebody low poor damage sublevel caving, including by ore body in the stage by upper
Segmentation exploitation downwards arranges lower wall haulage drift, ore chute in segmentation and wears arteries and veins connection roadway, is characterized mainly in that：Packet
Include the following steps：
(1) position of extracting drift along the pulse is determined
Horizontal distance of the extracting drift roof center line from ore body lower wall along the pulse is calculated as follows out, and tunnels back production along the pulse
Route,
D=(H-h) (cot α-cot θ)
Horizontal distance of the d- Roof of access road center line from ore body lower wall in formula, m, H- heights of lift, m；H- extracting drifts are high
Degree, m；α-ore body slope of footwall, °, θ-broken ore apparent releases angle, °；
Represent that extracting drift roof center line is located in the lower wall country rock outside ore body along the pulse when d is positive value, when d is negative value
When represent along the pulse extracting drift roof center line be located in ore body；
(2) in extracting drift along the pulse, distance wears arteries and veins connection roadway 50m-60m disk drivings on ore body and cuts lane to ore body
Upper disk boundary, disk boundary drives up cutting well along ore body in ore body；
(3) to the parallel hole and by row charge explosion in arrangement in lane is cut, the 1/4~1/3 of releasing Caving System amount, shape
Into cutting groove of more than 70% inner space containing granular media；
(4) it is arranged in extracting drift along the pulse to scallop hole, wherein arranging the short blasthole of a 3-4m in lower wall, rises and lead
Stream acts on, and expands the release port of detonation gas, while stope Mine-rock in Caving Method is made to enter mine mouth along extracting drift tunneling boring.Fan
Shape aperture is using the charging means that interlock, and loaded length is not 2~5m in aperture, and extracting drift is moved back by the scope of freedom of cutting groove along the pulse
It adopts, the sequence of the detonation of each row's fanhole(s) is：First explosion lower wall side gun hole, disk side gun hole in rear explosion, to reduce quick-fried life
The accumulated amount of gas and blasting cavities scale；
(5) ore after explosion pours into ore chute using scraper etc. by wearing arteries and veins connection roadway, and system is transported through the stage
System transports.
When extracting drift is located in lower wall country rock along the pulse, avalanche extracting drift roof rock is expanded to entire extracting drift
Width, mine mouth fluxion strap width to expand.
Advantages of the present invention：The invention is particularly suited to middle thickness orebody of the slanting angle of ore body more than 50 ° and less than 85 °, with showing
There is technology to compare, the present invention adopt cut journey and driling explosion quantities it is not increased under the conditions of, demolition effect can be significantly improved
With lower wall side ore recuperation condition, 3~5 percentage points of ore recovery rate thus can be improved, reduces by 5~8 percentage points of the rate of dilution,
And boulder yield is can obviously reduce, so as to be remarkably improved mining economic benefit.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 a in Fig. 1 are the schematic diagram of ore body before prior art explosion, and Fig. 1 b are Ore Flows form and avalanche after explosion
The schematic diagram of body+Remained mass general morphology.
Fig. 2 is the low poor damage sublevel caving mining working face front schematic view of high-dipping middle thickness orebody of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is the schematic diagram of the I-I of Fig. 2.
Fig. 4 is the schematic diagram of the II-II of Fig. 2.
11 in figure be ore body；12 be blasthole；13 be cutting well；14 be cutting lane；15 is wear arteries and veins connection roadway；16 be edge
Arteries and veins extracting drift, 17 be ore chute.
Specific embodiment
As in Figure 2-4, the low poor damage sublevel caving of a kind of high-dipping middle thickness orebody of the invention, including by rank
Ore body is segmented exploitation from top to bottom in section, lower wall haulage drift, ore chute 17 and tunnel 15 is arranged in segmentation, feature exists
In：Include the following steps：
(1) position of extracting drift along the pulse is determined
16 horizontal distance of the roof center line from ore body lower wall of extracting drift along the pulse is calculated as follows out, and tunnels and returns along the pulse
Adopt route,
D=(H-h) (cot α-cot θ)
Horizontal distance of the d- Roof of access road center line from ore body lower wall in formula, m, H- heights of lift, m；H- extracting drifts are high
Degree, m；α-ore body slope of footwall, °, θ-broken ore apparent releases angle, °；
It is mainly related with height of lift with granular media flowing viscosity, general θ=75 °~78 °, when viscosity is larger, segmentation
Height takes higher value when smaller；Conversely, it gets the small value；
Represent that 16 roof center line of extracting drift is located in the lower wall country rock outside ore body along the pulse when d is positive value, when d is negative
Represent that 16 roof center line of extracting drift is located in ore body along the pulse during value；
(2) in extracting drift 16 along the pulse, distance wears 15 50m-60m of arteries and veins connection roadway disk driving cuttings on ore body 11
Disk boundary on lane 14 to ore body 11, disk boundary drives up cutting well 13 along ore body in ore body 11；
(3) to the parallel hole and by row charge explosion in arrangement in lane 14 is cut, the 1/4~1/3 of releasing Caving System amount,
Form cutting groove of more than 70% inner space containing granular media；
(4) it is arranged in extracting drift 16 along the pulse to scallop hole 12, wherein arrange the short blasthole of a 3-4m in lower wall,
Guide functions are played, expand the release port of detonation gas, while stope Mine-rock in Caving Method is made to enter ore removal along extracting drift tunneling boring
Mouthful.Fan-shaped aperture uses decked charge fashion, and loaded length is not 2~5m in aperture, and extracting drift is using cutting groove as freely along the pulse
Face, which is moved back, adopts, and the sequence of the detonation of each row's fanhole(s) is：First explosion lower wall side gun hole, disk side gun hole in rear explosion, to reduce
The accumulated amount of detonation gas and blasting cavities scale；
Blasthole of the embodiment of the present invention is segmented firing order：First explosion lower wall side gun hole：That is 1# holes, 2# holes, 3# holes, 4#
The blasthole of disk side on hole, then explosion：5# holes, 6# holes, 7# holes, 8# holes.Be conducive to the excretion of detonation gas in this way, avoid quick-fried anger
The accumulated amount of body generates cavity A areas as shown in Figure 1, and overlying rock is made to enter cavity A areas, causes ore dilution.
(5) ore 11 after explosion pours into ore chute 17 using scraper etc. by wearing arteries and veins connection roadway, is transported through the stage
Defeated system transports.
When extracting drift 16 is located in lower wall country rock along the pulse, extracting drift roof rock is expanded to entirely the present invention along the pulse
Along the pulse the width of extracting drift 16 mine mouth fluxion strap width, to increase the width of granular media fluxion strap to expand.
Claims (2)
1. a kind of low poor damage sublevel caving of high-dipping middle thickness orebody, including ore body in the stage is segmented out from top to bottom
It adopts, lower wall haulage drift, ore chute are arranged in segmentation and wears arteries and veins connection roadway, it is characterised in that：Include the following steps：
(1) position of extracting drift along the pulse is determined
Be calculated as follows out horizontal distance of the extracting drift roof center line from ore body lower wall along the pulse, and tunnel back production along the pulse into
Road,
D=(H-h) (cot α-cot θ)
In formula, horizontal distance of the d- Roof of access road center line from ore body lower wall, m, H- heights of lift, m；Stope drift active workings are high along the pulse by h-
Degree, m；α-ore body slope of footwall, °, θ-broken ore apparent releases angle, °；
When d be positive value when represent along the pulse extracting drift roof center line be located in the lower wall country rock outside ore body, when d for negative value when table
Show that extracting drift roof center line is located in ore body along the pulse；
(2) in extracting drift along the pulse, distance wears arteries and veins connection roadway 50m-60m and cuts disk on lane to ore body to disk driving on ore body
Boundary, disk boundary drives up cutting well along ore body in ore body；
(3) to the parallel hole and by row charge explosion in arrangement in lane is cut, the 1/4~1/3 of releasing Caving System amount, in formation
Cutting groove of more than the 70% portion space containing granular media；
(4) it is arranged in extracting drift along the pulse to scallop hole, wherein arranging the short blasthole of a 2-4m in lower wall, plays water conservancy diversion and make
With fan-shaped aperture uses decked charge fashion, and loaded length is not 2~5m in aperture, and extracting drift is using cutting groove as freely along the pulse
Face, which is moved back, adopts, and the sequence of the detonation of each row's fanhole(s) is：First explosion lower wall side gun hole, disk side gun hole in rear explosion, to reduce
The accumulated amount of detonation gas and blasting cavities scale；
(5) ore after explosion pours into ore chute by wearing arteries and veins connection roadway, and through the stage, transportation system transports.
2. a kind of low poor damage sublevel caving of high-dipping middle thickness orebody according to claim 1, it is characterised in that
When extracting drift is located in lower wall country rock along the pulse, extracting drift roof rock is expanded to the width of entire extracting drift along the pulse,
Mine mouth fluxion strap width to expand.
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Cited By (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN110410078A (en) * | 2019-07-22 | 2019-11-05 | 武汉科技大学 | The low dilution recovery method in mine for sublevel caving method without sill pillar |
| CN111350506A (en) * | 2020-03-13 | 2020-06-30 | 海南矿业股份有限公司 | Goaf roof treatment blast hole arrangement method |
| CN111927460A (en) * | 2020-08-17 | 2020-11-13 | 抚顺罕王傲牛矿业股份有限公司 | Thick ore body mining method |
| CN112031776A (en) * | 2020-09-10 | 2020-12-04 | 抚顺罕王傲牛矿业股份有限公司 | Ore recovery method for residual mining mine |
| CN113076507A (en) * | 2021-04-01 | 2021-07-06 | 东北大学 | Device and method for measuring blasting distance of non-sill pillar sublevel caving method |
| CN113338937A (en) * | 2021-06-18 | 2021-09-03 | 内蒙古科技大学 | Stoping method for reducing loss of mining footwall ore by inclined ore body caving method |
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Cited By (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN110410078A (en) * | 2019-07-22 | 2019-11-05 | 武汉科技大学 | The low dilution recovery method in mine for sublevel caving method without sill pillar |
| CN110410078B (en) * | 2019-07-22 | 2020-09-22 | 武汉科技大学 | Mine low dilution mining method for sill pillar-free sublevel caving method |
| CN111350506A (en) * | 2020-03-13 | 2020-06-30 | 海南矿业股份有限公司 | Goaf roof treatment blast hole arrangement method |
| CN111927460A (en) * | 2020-08-17 | 2020-11-13 | 抚顺罕王傲牛矿业股份有限公司 | Thick ore body mining method |
| CN112031776A (en) * | 2020-09-10 | 2020-12-04 | 抚顺罕王傲牛矿业股份有限公司 | Ore recovery method for residual mining mine |
| CN113076507A (en) * | 2021-04-01 | 2021-07-06 | 东北大学 | Device and method for measuring blasting distance of non-sill pillar sublevel caving method |
| CN113076507B (en) * | 2021-04-01 | 2024-02-13 | 东北大学 | Device and method for measuring blasting distance of non-bottom column sublevel caving method |
| CN113338937A (en) * | 2021-06-18 | 2021-09-03 | 内蒙古科技大学 | Stoping method for reducing loss of mining footwall ore by inclined ore body caving method |
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