CN102720500A - Mechanized underground mining method for sharply inclined thin ore body - Google Patents
Mechanized underground mining method for sharply inclined thin ore body Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
A mechanized underground mining method for a sharply inclined thin ore body belongs to the field of mining engineering. A designed process comprises: 1, arranging a cutting winze (3) along the inclined direction of the ore body, with the height of segments being 13 to 15 meters; 2, arranging parallel blastholes (5) by using a medium-deep hole drilling jumbo (4) along a stoping direction, and charging explosives by using a pneumatic explosive loader, with a stoping length being 3 to 8 meters; and 3, using a diesel scraper (6) to carry collapsed ore and waste rocks so as to fill a goaf. The invention is advantageous in that the method can not only simplify the process of mining technology and improve recovery rate of resources, but also reduce engineering quantity of mining preparation and cutting, shorten construction periods and reduce engineering costs.
Description
Technical field:
The invention belongs to the mining engineering field, particularly a kind of steeply inclined thin ore body mechanization underground mining methods.
Background technology:
Gold ore is the important source material of producing gold, and gold will occupy more and more important position in following international monetary system, and gold is significant to ensureing national economy and financial security simultaneously.And along with the minimizing day by day of China's gold ore resource; Some complicated difficulties are adopted the object that has become the gold mining enterprises exploitation with the gold ore resource of difficult choosing; Certain gold mine ore body under the mountain gold mining industry Co., Ltd of Qinghai is located in the high altitude localities; Inclination angle high-dipping, thin thickness belong to typical difficulty and adopt the steeply inclined thin ore body.Less to the research of how to exploit this type of mineral deposit both at home and abroad, adopt shallow hole shrinkage method and resuing stoping as main exploitation method usually.If adopt these two kinds of these type of ore bodies of conventional methods exploitation to have that labour intensity is big, production efficiency is low, adopt shortcomings such as cutting the big and cost of winning height of engineering quantity.
Summary of the invention:
The objective of the invention is to underground mine exploitation steeply inclined thin ore body have production efficiency low, adopt big, the problems such as safety condition is poor, serious waste of resources of engineering quantity of cutting; Designing a mechanism mining methods; Can simplify the mining technology flow process; The raising resource recovery can reduce again and adopt standard, cutting engineering quantity, shortening construction period, reduction engineering cost, raising ore handling efficient and safety condition.
Afterwards waste fill medium-length hole mechanized mining method has 10 parts composition, is respectively: the last segmentation of 1-drift; Segmentation drift under the 2-; 3-cuts well; 4-long and medium hole drilling chassis; 5-back production medium-length hole; The 6-scraper; The low-grade ore pillar of 7-; 8-waste fill material; The 9-ore body; The 10-ore chute.
Design procedure is:
(1) nugget inscape
The nugget across pitch is arranged, the long 30～100m of stope, and height of lift 13～15m, nugget width are ore body 9 thickness, nugget stays establishes the low-grade ore pillar of 3～5m.
(2) adopt accurate and cutting
Mainly adopt accurate and cutting engineering ramp connecting taxiway, segmentation lane and cutting well etc. are along the pulse up and down arranged.
Arrange ramp at ore body 9 lower walls, the height that hangs down whenever links to each other with ore body 9 at a distance from 13～15m construction connecting taxiway.Draw back along mineral ore, (2.2～3.5m * 3～5m), as back production rock drilling lane in the arteries and veins, (1.5～2.5m * 1.5～2.5m) are as the scope of freedom of medium-length hole back production along ore body 9 tendency digging cutting wells in the nugget end for segmentation lane net section.Segmentation rock drilling lane along the pulse generally adopts expansion shell type or pipe-seam type anchor rod to protect the top, increases anchor pole+wire lath combined supporting during less stable.
(3) back production and ore removal
1. back production
Adopt drawing back, actual mining retreats to the middle part connection roadway from ore body 9 both wings cutting grooves, carries out operations such as rock drilling, explosion, ventilation, ore removal, loosening float stone processing and backfill waste fill goaf in the lane along the pulse in segmentation.
2. rock drilling, explosion
Adopt the construction of long and medium hole drilling chassis, be inclined upwardly according to the slanting angle of ore body and dig big gun hole, big gun hole array pitch 1.2～2.0m; Spacing 0.5～1.5m, hole depth 12m～14m, blasthole diameter 51～76mm; Adopt the powder charge of pneumatic loading device, emulsion segmentation short-delay blasting, detonator detonates.
3. ventilate
Stope adopts forced ventilation, freshly distinguished and admirablely introduces stope from ramp by ventilating duct (Φ 700mm), behind the cleaning face, dirty wind through last horizontal fragmentation lane, fall section ventilating shaft and footrill and discharge the face of land.
4. stope ore carrying
After the stope blasting fume was got rid of, scraper got into the stope ore removal, if need to get into the goaf; Select the remote-controlled scraper ore removal for use, avoid the driver to be injured by a crashing object by Rolling Stone, haul distance is during less than 150m; Scraper can directly be transported to ore in the ore chute, during greater than 150m, has bad luck through the 12t truck.
5. handle in the goaf
The dead zone processing method is to adopt the waste fill of driving, transports barren rock backfill dead zone by truck in scraper or the hole from the barren rock drop shaft.
The afterwards waste fill medium-length hole mechanized mining method of the present invention's design is particularly suitable for the exploitation of high altitude localities gold deposit; Not only mechanization degree is high, labor strength is low, adopt accurate and the cutting engineering quantity is little, process for stoping simple and the work safety condition is good for this method; Ore recovery ratio reaches more than 90%, can recycle resource to greatest extent.
Be specially adapted to more than the height above sea level 3600m; The inclination angle is characterized in simplifying the mining technology flow process greater than 60 °, orebody mining below the horizontal breadth 1.5m, improves labour intensity and resource recovery; Can reduce again and adopt accurate, cutting engineering quantity; Shorten the construction period, reduce cost of winning, and can guarantee safety in production.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is waste fill medium-length hole mechanized mining method elevational schematic view afterwards, wherein: L=30～100m, h1=3～5m, h2=3～5m, h3=13～15m.
Fig. 2 arranges sketch map for the back production medium-length hole.
The specific embodiment:
Afterwards waste fill medium-length hole mechanized mining method has 10 parts composition, is respectively: the last segmentation of 1-drift; Segmentation drift under the 2-; 3-cuts well; 4-long and medium hole drilling chassis; 5-back production medium-length hole; The 6-diesel LHD; The low-grade ore pillar of 7-; 8-waste fill material; The 9-ore body; The 10-ore chute.
Design procedure is:
(1) nugget inscape
The nugget across pitch is arranged, the long 30～100m of stope, and height of lift 13～15m, nugget width are orebody thickness, nugget stays establishes the low-grade ore pillar of 3～5m.
(2) adopt accurate and cutting
Mainly adopt accurate and cutting engineering ramp connecting taxiway, segmentation lane and cutting well etc. are along the pulse up and down arranged.
Arrange ramp at the ore body lower wall, the height that hangs down whenever links to each other with ore body at a distance from 13～15m construction connecting taxiway.Draw back along mineral ore, (2.2～3.5m * 3～5m), as back production rock drilling lane in the arteries and veins, (1.5～2.5m * 1.5～2.5m) are as the scope of freedom of medium-length hole back production along ore body tendency digging cutting well in the nugget end for segmentation lane net section.Segmentation rock drilling lane along the pulse generally adopts expansion shell type or pipe-seam type anchor rod to protect the top, increases anchor pole+wire lath combined supporting during less stable.
(3) back production and ore removal
1. back production
Adopt drawing back, actual mining retreats to the middle part connection roadway from ore body both wings cutting groove, carries out operations such as rock drilling, explosion, ventilation, ore removal, loosening float stone processing and backfill waste fill goaf in the lane along the pulse in segmentation.
2. rock drilling, explosion
Adopt Atlas Copco K41X mining jumbo construction inclination (according to the slanting angle of ore body) up-hole, big gun hole array pitch 1.2～2.0m, spacing 0.5～1.5m; Hole depth 12m～14m, blasthole diameter 51～76mm adopts the powder charge of pneumatic loading device; Emulsion segmentation short-delay blasting, detonator detonates.
3. ventilate
Stope adopts forced ventilation, freshly distinguished and admirablely introduces stope from ramp by ventilating duct (Φ 700mm), behind the cleaning face, dirty wind through last horizontal fragmentation lane, fall section ventilating shaft and footrill and discharge the face of land.
4. stope ore carrying
After the stope blasting fume was got rid of, scraper (model: TORO 151) got into the stope ore removal, if need to get into the goaf; Select the remote-controlled scraper ore removal for use; Avoid the driver to be injured by a crashing object by Rolling Stone, haul distance is during less than 150m, and scraper can directly be transported to ore in the ore chute; During greater than 150m, have bad luck through the 12t truck.
5. handle in the goaf
The dead zone processing method is to adopt the waste fill of driving, transports barren rock backfill dead zone by truck in scraper or the hole from the barren rock drop shaft.
Neoproterozoics ten thousand were protected the ditch crowd during certain gold mine mine belt all originated in, and the ore body form is simple, is veiny, lenticular, cryptomere, beading, and the tool branch is compound on trend and tendency, and pinching is reproduced, and expanded shrinkage phenomenon.Gold deposit belt is moved towards west, the Near East, tendency south, and the inclination angle is steep, gradualization is big, and generally between 45 °～75 °, occurrence is consistent with stratigraphic facies.Mine belt exposure scope thing is about 3.0km, the wide about 1.0km in north and south, and the mining area is mainly quartz vein and grows, and pulsewidth is generally 0.3～4.0m, average thickness 1.5m.Top board is for containing the carbonaceous phyllite, and base plate is for containing charcoal thin,tough silk marble English phyllite, and stability better; Ore type is quartz vein type and two kinds of structure altered rock-types, belongs to typical difficulty and adopts the steeply inclined thin ore body.
Adopt afterwards waste fill medium-length hole mechanized mining method that back production is carried out in the mineral deposit, concrete parameter is:
(1) layout is adopted standard, rock drilling and haulage drift in the arteries and veins, stays along orebody trend and establishes the 5m studding, and arrange that 2m * 2m slot raise communicates the long 100m of stope with last segmentation development heading.Adopt the long and medium hole drilling chassis along ore body tendency Drilling parallel hole;
(2) adopt the medium-length hole blasting broken ore.Hole depth 12～14m, aperture 64mm, minimum burden 1.2m, pitch-row 1.5m, the big gun hole is arranged in parallel, onepull length 3～8m, segmentation short-delay blasting, detonator detonates.
(3) ore of avalanche is transported to mine chute by scraper, adopts remote-controlled scraper when needing to get into the goaf ore removal, and the 12t truck was had bad luck mine chute in employing was cheated when haul distance was longer.
Implementing afterwards, waste fill medium-length hole mechanized mining method main feature is:
(1) overcome that shallow hole shrinkage method labour intensity is big, production efficiency is low, adopted and cut shortcomings such as the big and cost of winning height of engineering quantity; Utilize long and medium hole drilling chassis Drilling big gun hole; The powder charge of pneumatic loading device, ore recovery ratio reaches more than 90%, has recycled resource to greatest extent.
(2) process for stoping is oversimplified.Adopt the mechanized mining method; After directly arranging the cutting well, can carry out drawing back along the pulse, can simplify the mining technology flow process along the ore body tendency; Improve resource recovery, can reduce again and adopt standard, cutting engineering quantity, shortening construction period, reduction engineering cost.
(3) adopt the trackless equipment diesel LHD to combine mine car associating ore removal in the hole, mechanical efficiency is higher, when needing to get into the goaf ore removal, adopts remote-controlled scraper, has guaranteed staff's safety.
Claims (1)
1. steeply inclined thin ore body mechanization underground mining methods, its characteristic comprises ten ingredients: go up segmentation drift (1), segmentation drift (2), cutting well (3), long and medium hole drilling chassis (4), back production medium-length hole (5), scraper (6), low-grade ore pillar (7), waste fill material (8), ore body (9), ore chute (10) down;
Design procedure is:
(1) nugget inscape
The nugget across pitch is arranged, the long 30～100m of stope, and height of lift 13～15m, nugget width are ore body (9) thickness, stay between nugget and establish the low-grade ore pillar of 3～5m (7);
(2) adopt accurate and cutting
Adopt accurate and cutting engineering ramp connecting taxiway, segmentation lane and cutting well are along the pulse up and down arranged;
Arrange ramp at ore body (9) lower wall, the height that hangs down whenever links to each other with ore body (9) at a distance from 13～15m construction connecting taxiway; Last segmentation drift (1), following segmentation drift (2), its net section 2.2～3.5m * 3～5m; Along ore body (9) tendency digging cutting well (3), its section is 1.5～2.5m * 1.5～2.5m, as the scope of freedom of medium-length hole back production in the nugget end; The segmentation drift adopts pipe-seam type anchor rod to protect the top, increases band pallet anchor pole and wire lath combined supporting during less stable;
(3) back production and ore removal
1. back production: adopt drawing back, actual mining retreats to the middle part connection roadway from ore body (9) both wings cutting groove, carries out rock drilling, explosion, ventilation, ore removal, loosening float stone processing and the goaf operation of backfill waste fill in the lane along the pulse in segmentation;
2. rock drilling and explosion: adopt long and medium hole drilling chassis (4) to be inclined upwardly and dig the big gun hole according to ore body (9) inclination angle; Big gun hole array pitch 1.2～2.0m, spacing 0.5～1.5m, hole depth 12m～14m; Blasthole diameter 51～76mm; Adopt the powder charge of pneumatic loading device, emulsion segmentation short-delay blasting, detonator detonates;
3. ventilate: stope adopts forced ventilation, freshly distinguished and admirablely introduces stope from ramp by Φ 700mm ventilating duct, behind the cleaning face, dirty wind through last horizontal fragmentation lane, fall section ventilating shaft and footrill and discharge the face of land;
4. stope ore carrying: after the stope blasting fume was got rid of, scraper (6) got into the stope ore removal, if need to get into the goaf; Select the remote-controlled scraper ore removal for use; Avoid the driver to be injured by a crashing object by Rolling Stone, haul distance is during less than 150m, and scraper can directly be transported to ore in the ore chute (10); During greater than 150m, have bad luck through the 12t truck;
5. goaf processing: the dead zone processing method is to adopt the waste fill of driving, transports waste fill material (8) backfill dead zone by truck in scraper or the hole from the barren rock drop shaft.
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| CN103017621A (en) * | 2012-11-29 | 2013-04-03 | 青海山金矿业有限公司 | Blasting method for reducing depletion in steeply inclined thin ore body recovery |
| CN103982186A (en) * | 2014-06-10 | 2014-08-13 | 山东黄金矿业(莱州)有限公司三山岛金矿 | Bottom-pillar-free retreating vertical inclined strip sublevel caving mining method |
| CN104265297A (en) * | 2014-08-06 | 2015-01-07 | 中钢集团马鞍山矿山研究院有限公司 | Mining method for multilayer fragile gently-inclined extra-narrow ore vein |
| CN104612692A (en) * | 2014-12-11 | 2015-05-13 | 中南大学 | Following-forming continuous-filling mining method for segmented ore-caving bottom structure |
| CN104989404A (en) * | 2015-06-05 | 2015-10-21 | 中南大学 | Diagonal ore-break-down medium-length hole mining method for steeply-inclined thin vein ore body |
| CN108060924A (en) * | 2018-01-15 | 2018-05-22 | 中南大学 | High-dipping multi-seams thin deposit mechanization combinations for mining methods |
| CN108104816A (en) * | 2017-11-27 | 2018-06-01 | 西北矿冶研究院 | Upward mining method of steeply inclined thin ore body |
| CN108361032A (en) * | 2018-03-27 | 2018-08-03 | 西安建筑科技大学 | It is horizontal to tilting route slotting formula mining codes of the very thin arteries and veins to thin lode body |
| CN108397195A (en) * | 2018-02-13 | 2018-08-14 | 天地科技股份有限公司 | Steep-inclined thick coal seam mechanical coal mining system and coal-mining method |
| CN109505606A (en) * | 2019-01-08 | 2019-03-22 | 马钢集团矿业有限公司 | A kind of Pre-control roof mechanization sublevel open stoping afterwards filling mining methods |
| CN112031776A (en) * | 2020-09-10 | 2020-12-04 | 抚顺罕王傲牛矿业股份有限公司 | Ore recovery method for residual mining mine |
| CN112177611A (en) * | 2020-09-28 | 2021-01-05 | 安徽铜冠（庐江）矿业有限公司 | Method for mining inclined or steeply inclined hard thin ore body |
| CN112796759A (en) * | 2021-03-22 | 2021-05-14 | 中南大学 | Mechanical mining and waste rock filling method for inclined thin vein |
| CN113006840A (en) * | 2021-03-09 | 2021-06-22 | 山东黄金矿业(莱州)有限公司焦家金矿 | Combined support method for resin anchor cables with different lengths in deep altered rock type roadway |
| CN114427462A (en) * | 2022-01-06 | 2022-05-03 | 紫金矿业集团股份有限公司 | Medium-length hole ore-matching type mining method for steep thin ore vein |
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| CN103017621A (en) * | 2012-11-29 | 2013-04-03 | 青海山金矿业有限公司 | Blasting method for reducing depletion in steeply inclined thin ore body recovery |
| CN103982186B (en) * | 2014-06-10 | 2016-01-20 | 山东黄金矿业(莱州)有限公司三山岛金矿 | The vertical Inclined strips sublevel caving of oper cylinler retrusive |
| CN103982186A (en) * | 2014-06-10 | 2014-08-13 | 山东黄金矿业(莱州)有限公司三山岛金矿 | Bottom-pillar-free retreating vertical inclined strip sublevel caving mining method |
| CN104265297A (en) * | 2014-08-06 | 2015-01-07 | 中钢集团马鞍山矿山研究院有限公司 | Mining method for multilayer fragile gently-inclined extra-narrow ore vein |
| CN104265297B (en) * | 2014-08-06 | 2016-02-24 | 中钢集团马鞍山矿山研究院有限公司 | The exploitation method of the frangible Synergism inhibition of a kind of multilayer |
| CN104612692A (en) * | 2014-12-11 | 2015-05-13 | 中南大学 | Following-forming continuous-filling mining method for segmented ore-caving bottom structure |
| CN104612692B (en) * | 2014-12-11 | 2016-07-27 | 中南大学 | Formation continuous filling mining method followed by segmentation ore caving polycrystalline substance |
| CN104989404A (en) * | 2015-06-05 | 2015-10-21 | 中南大学 | Diagonal ore-break-down medium-length hole mining method for steeply-inclined thin vein ore body |
| CN108104816A (en) * | 2017-11-27 | 2018-06-01 | 西北矿冶研究院 | Upward mining method of steeply inclined thin ore body |
| CN108060924A (en) * | 2018-01-15 | 2018-05-22 | 中南大学 | High-dipping multi-seams thin deposit mechanization combinations for mining methods |
| CN108060924B (en) * | 2018-01-15 | 2019-06-07 | 中南大学 | High-dipping multi-seams thin deposit mechanization combinations for mining methods |
| CN108397195A (en) * | 2018-02-13 | 2018-08-14 | 天地科技股份有限公司 | Steep-inclined thick coal seam mechanical coal mining system and coal-mining method |
| CN108397195B (en) * | 2018-02-13 | 2019-09-24 | 天地科技股份有限公司 | Steep-inclined thick coal seam mechanical coal mining system and coal-mining method |
| CN108361032A (en) * | 2018-03-27 | 2018-08-03 | 西安建筑科技大学 | It is horizontal to tilting route slotting formula mining codes of the very thin arteries and veins to thin lode body |
| CN108361032B (en) * | 2018-03-27 | 2019-10-18 | 西安建筑科技大学 | It is horizontal to tilting route slotting formula mining codes of the very thin arteries and veins to thin lode body |
| CN109505606A (en) * | 2019-01-08 | 2019-03-22 | 马钢集团矿业有限公司 | A kind of Pre-control roof mechanization sublevel open stoping afterwards filling mining methods |
| CN112031776A (en) * | 2020-09-10 | 2020-12-04 | 抚顺罕王傲牛矿业股份有限公司 | Ore recovery method for residual mining mine |
| CN112177611A (en) * | 2020-09-28 | 2021-01-05 | 安徽铜冠（庐江）矿业有限公司 | Method for mining inclined or steeply inclined hard thin ore body |
| CN113006840A (en) * | 2021-03-09 | 2021-06-22 | 山东黄金矿业(莱州)有限公司焦家金矿 | Combined support method for resin anchor cables with different lengths in deep altered rock type roadway |
| CN112796759A (en) * | 2021-03-22 | 2021-05-14 | 中南大学 | Mechanical mining and waste rock filling method for inclined thin vein |
| CN114427462A (en) * | 2022-01-06 | 2022-05-03 | 紫金矿业集团股份有限公司 | Medium-length hole ore-matching type mining method for steep thin ore vein |
| CN114427462B (en) * | 2022-01-06 | 2022-11-11 | 紫金矿业集团股份有限公司 | Medium-length hole ore-matching type mining method for steep thin ore vein |
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Application publication date: 20121010 |