CN108252088A - 一种纺织物阻燃整理剂及其制备方法 - Google Patents

一种纺织物阻燃整理剂及其制备方法 Download PDF

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CN108252088A
CN108252088A CN201711313758.0A CN201711313758A CN108252088A CN 108252088 A CN108252088 A CN 108252088A CN 201711313758 A CN201711313758 A CN 201711313758A CN 108252088 A CN108252088 A CN 108252088A
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储平
徐有琦
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Jiangsu New Lucky Polytron Technologies Inc
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Abstract

本发明提供了一种用于纺织物的阻燃整理剂，制备所述阻燃整理剂所需原料，按照重量份数至少包括：化合物A5‑20份、尿素4‑8份、二氰二氨6‑15份、乳化剂10‑50份、多元醇10‑20份、水200‑500份。一种阻燃整理剂的制备方法以及一种阻燃整理剂在纺织物中的应用。本发明的有益效果是：本阻燃剂制备工艺简单，产率高，绿色环保；本发明的阻燃抗皱整理剂在对纯棉织物、涤纶和腈纶整理后，整理后的纯棉织物、涤纶和腈纶的阻燃强度都得到了提高；本发明的整理剂中聚二甲基硅氧烷醇硬脂酸酯和仲醇聚氧乙烯醚有效地提高了纺织品的抗皱性能。

Description

一种纺织物阻燃整理剂及其制备方法
技术领域
本发明涉及纺织染整领域，特别涉及一种纺织物阻燃整理剂及其制备方法。
背景技术
阻燃面料常用阻燃剂按阻燃元素分为三类。1.含卤阻燃剂：热分解过程中，分解出捕获传递燃烧自由基的物质，其能稀释纤维裂解时产生的可燃气体，或隔断与空气的接触。2.含磷阻燃剂：燃烧过程在产生的磷酸酐或磷酸，促使纺织品脱水碳化，阻止或减少可燃气体产生。同时磷酸酐在热分解时形成类似玻璃状的熔融物覆盖在织物上，促使其氧化生成二氧化碳，起到阻燃作用。3.含氮阻燃剂，氮的化合物能和纤维素作用，促进交联成碳，降低织物的分解温度，产生的不燃气体，起到稀释可燃气体的作用。共价交联和树脂固定这两种抗皱机理是人们常用的抗皱手段。两者都是通过改变纺织产品的内部结构从而达到提高抗皱效果的目的。共价交联是在催化剂的作用下，与纤维内部结构结合，稳固内部结构。当织物受到外界作用力时，由于交联剂的存在，织物不易发生塑性形变。树脂固定只要是在纤维内部形成“框架”。从而限制纤维内部分子的自由移动。当织物受到负荷作用的时候，纤维内部分子不会有大幅度的滑移，自身原有的化学键更加稳固，基本不会形成新的化学键，织物能够很快的回复原来形状。同时可以提供织物的抗皱和阻燃效果的整理剂较少，因此还需对整理剂进行更加深入的研究和开发。
发明内容
本发明要解决的技术问题是常规的纺织品用整理剂功能较为单一，并且在提高纺织品的阻燃和抗皱性能上效果并不明显，本发明的目的是提供一种纺织物阻燃整理剂及其制备方法，本发明的技术方案是这样实施的：
一种用于纺织物的阻燃整理剂，制备所述阻燃整理剂所需原料，按照重量份数至少包括：化合物A5-20份、尿素4-8份、二氰二氨6-15份、乳化剂10-50份、多元醇10-20份、水200-500份；
所述化合物A的结构式为：
其中n<5。
优选地，所述化合物A为乙二胺四甲叉膦酸。
优选地，所述乳化剂为聚甘油蓖麻醇酯、聚二甲基硅氧烷醇硬脂酸酯、聚二甲基硅氧烷、氨基封端的聚二甲基硅氧烷、聚二甲基硅氧烷和仲醇聚氧乙烯醚中的一种或两种以上的组合。
优选地，所述多元醇为乙二醇、丙二醇、丙三醇、丁二醇、丁三醇、丁四醇和聚乙烯醇中的一种或两种以上的组合。
本发明还提供了一种阻燃整理剂的制备方法，所述制备方法主要包括以下步骤：
S1：将4-8份所述尿素溶于300-400份水中，加入5-20份所述化合物A，用氨水维持混合液的pH在8-9之间，在100～110℃的条件下反应1～3h；
S2：温度降低至50～90℃，稳定后加入所述多元醇12-20份并搅拌均匀；
S3：维持温度不变，缓慢加入20-70份所述乳化剂并搅拌；
S4：温度恢复至室温，搅拌加入6-15份所述二氰二氨，最终得到所述阻燃整理剂。
优选地，所述步骤S2中的所述多元醇为丙二醇。
优选地，所述步骤S3中的所述乳化剂具体种类以及加入量分别为8-15份聚甘油蓖麻醇酯、14-20份二甲基硅油、5-13份聚二甲基硅氧烷醇硬脂酸酯、4-8份仲醇聚氧乙烯醚。
本发明还提供了一种阻燃整理剂在纺织物中的应用，所述纺织物包括：棉织物、涤纶、腈纶、氨纶、聚酯纤维织物、竹纤维织物或混纺面料。
优选地，所述纺织物的处理过程主要为：将所述纺织物放入所述阻燃整理剂中，在室温下浸渍30-60min，之后用双辊压机压制所述纺织物，使所述纺织物的轧液率为120％；所述纺织物经压制后用100℃干燥30-60min，最终经100-200℃焙烘30-60min，即得到阻燃的所述纺织物。
实施本发明的有益效果是：
1、本阻燃剂制备工艺简单，产率高，绿色环保；
2、本发明的阻燃抗皱整理剂在对纯棉织物、涤纶和腈纶整理后，整理后的纯棉织物、涤纶和腈纶的阻燃强度都得到了提高；
3、本发明的整理剂中聚二甲基硅氧烷醇硬脂酸酯和仲醇聚氧乙烯醚有效地提高了纺织品的抗皱性能。
具体实施方式
下面将对本发明实施例中的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述，显然，所描述的实施例仅仅是本发明一部分实施例，而不是全部的实施例。基于本发明中的实施例，本领域普通技术人员在没有作出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他实施例，都属于本发明保护的范围。
实施例1
一种阻燃整理剂的制备方法，所述制备方法主要包括以下步骤：
S1：将4份所述尿素溶于300份水中，加入5份所述化合物A，用氨水维持混合液的pH在8-9之间，在100℃的条件下反应3h；
S2：温度降低至50℃，稳定后加入所述多元醇12份并搅拌均匀；
S3：维持温度不变，缓慢加入20份所述乳化剂并搅拌；
S4：温度恢复至室温，搅拌加入6份所述二氰二氨，最终得到所述阻燃整理剂。
实施例2
一种阻燃整理剂的制备方法，所述制备方法主要包括以下步骤：
S1：将6份所述尿素溶于350份水中，加入15份所述化合物A，用氨水维持混合液的pH在8-9之间，在150℃的条件下反应2h；
S2：温度降低至65℃，稳定后加入所述多元醇18份并搅拌均匀；
S3：维持温度不变，缓慢加入50份所述乳化剂并搅拌；
S4：温度恢复至室温，搅拌加入10份所述二氰二氨，最终得到所述阻燃整理剂。
实施例3
一种阻燃整理剂的制备方法，所述制备方法主要包括以下步骤：
S1：将8份所述尿素溶于400份水中，加入20份所述化合物A，用氨水维持混合液的pH在8-9之间，在110℃的条件下反应3h；
S2：温度降低至90℃，稳定后加入所述多元醇20份并搅拌均匀；
S3：维持温度不变，缓慢加入70份所述乳化剂并搅拌；
S4：温度恢复至室温，搅拌加入15份所述二氰二氨，最终得到所述阻燃整理剂。
测试例1
将棉和涤纶纺织物分别放入由实施例2制备的阻燃整理剂中，在室温下浸渍30min，之后用双辊压机压制所述纺织物，使所述纺织物的轧液率为120％；所述纺织物经压制后用100℃干燥30min，最终经100℃焙烘60min，即得到阻燃的所述纺织物。
测试例2
将棉和涤纶纺织物分别放入由实施例2制备的阻燃整理剂中，在室温下浸渍50min，之后用双辊压机压制所述纺织物，使所述纺织物的轧液率为120％；所述纺织物经压制后用100℃干燥50min，最终经150℃焙烘40min，即得到阻燃的所述纺织物。
测试例3
将棉和涤纶纺织物分别放入由实施例2制备的阻燃整理剂中，在室温下浸渍60min，之后用双辊压机压制所述纺织物，使所述纺织物的轧液率为120％；所述纺织物经压制后用100℃干燥60min，最终经200℃焙烘30min，即得到阻燃的所述纺织物。
表1织物整理前后的极限氧指数(LOI)
由表1可知，使用本发明的阻燃整理剂后，阻燃效果显著提升。手感和抗折皱能力较整理前得到有效的提升。
上述列举的各种实施例，在不矛盾的前提下，可以相互组合实施，本领域技术人员可结合上文对实施例的解释，作为对不同实施例中的技术特征进行组合的依据。
需要指出的是，以上所述仅为本发明的较佳实施例而已，并不用以限制本发明，凡在本发明的精神和原则之内，所作的任何修改、等同替换、改进等，均应包含在本发明的保护范围之内。

Claims (9)

1.一种用于纺织物的阻燃整理剂，其特征在于：
制备所述阻燃整理剂所需原料，按照重量份数至少包括：化合物A5-20份、尿素4-8份、二氰二氨6-15份、乳化剂10-50份、多元醇10-20份、水200-500份；
所述化合物A的结构式为：
其中n<5。
2.根据权利要求1所述的阻燃整理剂，其特征在于：
所述化合物A为乙二胺四甲叉膦酸。
3.根据权利要求1所述的阻燃整理剂，其特征在于：
所述乳化剂为聚甘油蓖麻醇酯、聚二甲基硅氧烷醇硬脂酸酯、聚二甲基硅氧烷、氨基封端的聚二甲基硅氧烷、聚二甲基硅氧烷和仲醇聚氧乙烯醚中的一种或两种以上的组合。
4.根据权利要求1所述的阻燃整理剂，其特征在于：
所述多元醇为乙二醇、丙二醇、丙三醇、丁二醇、丁三醇、丁四醇和聚乙烯醇中的一种或两种以上的组合。
5.一种权利要求1-4任一所述阻燃整理剂的制备方法，其特征在于：
所述制备方法主要包括以下步骤：
S1：将4-8份所述尿素溶于300-400份水中，加入5-20份所述化合物A，用氨水维持混合液的pH在8-9之间，在100～110℃的条件下反应1～3h；
S2：温度降低至50～90℃，稳定后加入所述多元醇12-20份并搅拌均匀；
S3：维持温度不变，缓慢加入20-70份所述乳化剂并搅拌；
S4：温度恢复至室温，搅拌加入6-15份所述二氰二氨，最终得到所述阻燃整理剂。
6.根据权利要求5所述的制备方法，其特征在于：
所述步骤S2中的所述多元醇为丙二醇。
7.根据权利要求5所述的制备方法，其特征在于：
所述步骤S3中的所述乳化剂具体种类以及加入量分别为8-15份聚甘油蓖麻醇酯、14-20份二甲基硅油、5-13份聚二甲基硅氧烷醇硬脂酸酯、4-8份仲醇聚氧乙烯醚。
8.一种阻燃整理剂在纺织物中的应用，其特征在于：
将权利要求1-4任一所述阻燃整理剂用于纺织物中，所述纺织物包括：棉织物、涤纶、腈纶、氨纶、聚酯纤维织物、竹纤维织物或混纺面料。
9.根据权利要求8所述的应用，其特征在于：
所述纺织物的处理过程主要为：将所述纺织物放入所述阻燃整理剂中，在室温下浸渍30-60min，之后用双辊压机压制所述纺织物，使所述纺织物的轧液率为120％；所述纺织物经压制后用100℃干燥30-60min，最终经100-200℃焙烘30-60min，即得到阻燃的所述纺织物。
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