CN108244048A - A kind of cultural method of chicken - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a kind of cultural methods of chicken, the chicken new varieties cultivated are put in a suitable place to breed in orchard, it is inhabited with stable breeding and outdoor free-ranging is combined, improve the land utilization ratio in orchard, solves the Utilizing question of orchard large area idle land, scientific and reasonable raising and management have been carried out to chicken in feeding process, daytime is put in a suitable place to breed in orchard, at night or rainstorm weather is inhabited in henhouse, there is provided habitation supports and trap lamp, it preferably facilitates chicken and inhabites and provided for chicken abundant mosquito, ensured chicken by Kang Shengchang, it ensure that the meat and the speed of growth of chicken.

Description

A kind of cultural method of chicken

Technical field

The present invention relates to a kind of poultry breed of variety and cultural method, more particularly to a kind of cultivation for hybridizing chicken and fruit The method that chicken is raised in garden, belongs to poultry farming field.

Background technology

Meiling Hill chicken is the eating habit and local landscape to adapt to China, is formed through the improvement of genetic breeding for many years engineering High-quality three loess chicken kind.Meiling Hill chicken commercial generation appearance three is yellow, build is compact, plumage coloured light is bright, small neck is thin, eye has greatly god, foot Ossiculum is thin, trunk is beautiful, subcutaneous fat deposits are good, unique flavor；Grow moderate, food utilization efficiency is higher, to various environment Adaptable, resistance to crude feed, anti-stress ability are strong, and disposition is docile, self looks for food by force, and adaptation is put in a suitable place to breed and free-ranging.Adult hen weight 1.5 kilograms, 1.7 kilograms of cock.

Qingyuan Chicken originates in Qingyuan City Qingxin County of Guangdong Province.Also known as Qingyuan City's walking chicken, it is exactly domestic chicken.Because of hen Back side feather has tiny black splotch, therefore claims numb chicken.It is soft and famous with small, subcutaneous and intramuscular fat prosperity, thin skin bone, Element belongs to meat type kind for the outlet of China live chickens, and physical characteristic can be summarized as " wedge ", " two is thin ", three numb bodies ".Qingyuan Chicken is certainly So growth, skin are felt well meat strength, and soup is delicious, and fresh perfume is tasty.Qingyuan Chicken is full of nutrition, rich in selenium, vitamin E and flavor substance flesh Thuja acid etc., the OMEGA-3 unrighted acids and phosphatide contained by Qingyuan Chicken are some higher, both substances can promote courage to consolidate The metabolism of alcohol, it is very good to protection cardiovascular and cerebrovascular.Compared with broiler, Qingyuan City's chicken trace selenium content is common meat 1.8 times or more of chicken, OMEGA-3 unrighted acids and phosphatide ratio broiler content higher, 500 day age in Qingyuan Chicken Old hen is calcareous more, and protein is more, lean, wherein selenium, vitamin the equal accounting of content be 2 times of common Qingyuan City chicken, use it It stews, soup is delicious, nutritious, and meat easily absorbs, and is to nourish the most U.S. delicacies mended greatly.6 monthly age hens, half net thorax is 85%, entirely Net thorax is 75.5%, and half net thorax of surgical capon is 83.7%, and complete net thorax is 76.7%.It is 70~80 pieces that year, which lays eggs, average egg weight 46.6 Gram, egg shape index 1.31, shell color is light brown.

Stone qi chicken main product is one of high-quality indigenous chicken kind in Guangdong Province in Zhongshan City, Guangdong Province triangle town, because its make it is white Cut thin cock skin, meat tenderness, oil less, color it is beautiful and well-known, just sell to Hong Kong and Macao early in the 1920s.Stone qi chicken head size is fitted In, mostly upright leaf-comb, 6 to 7 crown gears, body body is plentiful, and chest muscle is flourishing.Cock is mostly yellow and purplish red, and main wing has black, Using pinna rachis as out-of-bounds then then black in purplish red, it is black to have against pinna rachis both sides, also has whole body black and plumage point small part jujube Red, tail feathers are mostly black, also whether there is the feature of main tail feather.Hen is mostly yellow and numb color, and in the majority with numb color, there are fiber crops at back Yellow, brown, numb three kinds of the brown of fiber crops.Primaries also has black, yellow, brown, black pattern using pinna rachis as boundary.Chicken feet portion color has Huang Point of color, white jade color, it is in the majority with yellow.Skin has yellow, white jade color, in the majority with white jade color.Year lays eggs 70 to 90, and eggshell is in Brown is light brown.It is similar with Qingyuan Chicken seedling, stone qi baby chick back both sides also respectively have the white fluff of 4 mm wide of a treaty from Shoulder extends to tail portion, and striped disappears after moulting for the first time, the difference of male and female feather occurs.

Bi Dexun white meat-type chickens refer to the white meat-type chickens kind that Bi Dexun companies of the U.S. release, and the kind speed of growth Soon, feed conversion rate is high.Bi Dexun white meat-type chickens parent is 2.57-2.68 kilograms for 24 week old weight of Breeding hens.

At present, in poultry farming, the chicken in China is adaptable, easily raises, and chicken flavor quality is good, it is deep by Consumer's will be widely welcomed, but the speed of growth is slow, and feed conversion rate is low, it is impossible to meet the growing dining table demand of consumer, Therefore, the hybridization that the speed of growth is fast, feed conversion rate is high while a kind of chicken meat quality of China's poultry farming urgent need cultivation is good Chicken kind carrys out consumer demand.And orchard free-ranging can make chicken group in the nature that air is fresh, water quality is excellent, cordyceps sinensis is sufficient Growth and development in environment increases the immunity of Ji Quan, better assures that the delicious of meat, produces more green high quality Chicken meat, and the bad management of orchard free-ranging, if management method is bad, i.e., henhouse, fence are protected and are set the methods of feeding It is unreasonable, the incidence of chicken will improve, therefore, how more the carry out hayashishita free-ranging of science as cultivation field be badly in need of The problem of solution.

Invention content

In view of the above existing problems in the prior art, the present invention provides a kind of method of orchard raising chicken, this method The chicken new varieties cultivated in orchard are put in a suitable place to breed, the raising and management of science, put in a suitable place to breed daytime in orchard, evening or sudden and violent Rainy day gas is inhabited in henhouse, and there is provided habitation supports and trap lamp, preferably facilitate chicken and inhabit and provided for chicken Abundant mosquito, ensured chicken by Kang Shengchang, ensure that the meat and the speed of growth of chicken.

To achieve the above object, the technical solution adopted in the present invention is：

A kind of cultural method of chicken, which is characterized in that raise the chicken new varieties turned out in orchard, the orchard is The orchard of peach or pear tree is planted, orchard surrounding is set into fence, and fence is set in orchard, orchard is separated into several Culturing area is placed with feeder and drinking device in each culturing area, the chicken new varieties cultivated is put into fruit Garden carries out free-ranging, periodically feeds full-valence pellet feed to chicken, and the chicken put in a suitable place to breed is movable in orchard daytime, night or heavy rain Henhouse is returned during weather, the sawdust of 2-3cm thickness is laid on henhouse ground, three row habitation supports are placed in henhouse, each column is dwelt Breath frame is all formed by connecting by single habitation support, and 27-29cm, the single habitation support use one to the habitation support from the ground 15-18 meters are about, a diameter of 8-10 centimetres of bamboo and wood or metal tube, in 5 trapezoid supports of the equidistant installation in both ends and middle part, institute It states and fixing piece is provided at both ends at the top of trapezoid support, screw hole, the bamboo and wood or metal tube setting are provided on the fixing piece Between fixing piece, the fixing piece is fixed by screw and bamboo and wood or metal tube；

Summer, night in autumn fill above henhouse hangs trap lamp, and for the trap lamp using double-deck trap lamp, one high and one low is one group Suspension, low lamp are generally located on above henhouse 0.8 meter or so, and for high lamp away from low 1.5 meters or so of lamp, the trap lamp opening time is evening 7 Point is to 12 points of late into the night.

Beneficial effects of the present invention are：The cultural method of the chicken of the present invention, by the chicken new varieties cultivated in fruit Garden is put in a suitable place to breed, is inhabited with stable breeding and outdoor free-ranging is combined, improved the land utilization ratio in orchard, solve orchard large area The Utilizing question of idle land has carried out chicken in feeding process scientific and reasonable raising and management, has put in a suitable place to breed in fruit daytime Garden, at night or rainstorm weather is inhabited in henhouse, and there is provided habitation supports and trap lamp, preferably facilitate chicken and inhabit and be Chicken provides abundant mosquito, ensured chicken by Kang Shengchang, ensure that the meat and the speed of growth of chicken.

Specific embodiment

In order to make the purpose of the present invention, technical solution and be more clearly understood a little, below in conjunction with being embodiment, to this hair It is bright to be further elaborated.It should be appreciated that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the present invention, and does not have to It is of the invention in limiting.

A kind of breeding method of chicken new varieties, specifically includes following steps：

A, it chooses Meiling Hill chicken chick just hatched and carries out cage, when chick is cultivated and can differentiate male and female by 55 days or more, reject Cock and unhealthy and strong hen select healthy and strong purebred Meiling Hill chicken hen to carry out forest land and put in a suitable place to breed, raised more than 2kg and After reaching sexal maturity, as female parent；Choose the inferior white meat-type chickens of Peter through cage, healthy and strong and sexually matured more than 2.5kg The male parent of selection and maternal progress natural hybridization are laid eggs as male parent, choose the well-balanced mellow and full fertile egg of head and carry out by cock Hatching, obtains chicken, and chicken carried out fence level land stable breeding, the high special chicken feed of feeding nutritive value, selection health, property into Ripe and weight more than 2.5kg cock as hybridization after first generation male parent；

B, it chooses the Qingyuan Chicken chick just hatched and carries out cage, when chick is cultivated and can differentiate male and female by 55 days or more, reject Cock and unhealthy and strong hen select healthy and strong purebred Qingyuan Chicken hen to carry out forest land and put in a suitable place to breed, raised more than 2kg and After reaching sexal maturity, as female parent；Choose the inferior white meat-type chickens of Peter through cage, healthy and strong and sexually matured more than 2.5kg The male parent of selection and maternal progress natural hybridization are laid eggs as male parent, choose the well-balanced mellow and full fertile egg of head and carry out by cock Hatching, obtains chicken, and chicken carried out fence level land stable breeding, the high special chicken feed of feeding nutritive value, selection health, property into Hen of the ripe and weight in more than 2.0kg is maternal as the first generation after hybridization；

C, Binary orthogonal method is taken, by the first generation male parent after the hybridization in step a and the first godmother after hybridizing in step b This progress natural hybridization is laid eggs, and is chosen the well-balanced mellow and full fertile egg of head and is hatched, obtains chicken, chicken is carried out cage, Periodically feeding high nutrition feed when chick is cultivated and can differentiate male and female by 55 days or more, cock and hen is carried out to separate raising, By the way of the stable breeding of fence level land, when cock is raised to more than 2.5kg, select physical health, feather is beautiful, property into Ripe and strong male sex function cock as the second male parent, select physical health, sexually matured and weight reach more than 2.0kg Hen as second female parent；

D, beautiful physical health, feather, sexal maturity and weight is selected to be used as female parent for the purebred stone qi chicken hen of 2.0-2.5kg, Natural hybridization is carried out with the second male parent in step c to lay eggs, and is chosen the well-balanced mellow and full fertile egg of head and is hatched, is obtained small Chicken is carried out fence level land stable breeding, periodically feeds high nutrition feed by chicken, and male and female can be differentiated by treating that chick is cultivated by 55 days or more When, hen and unhealthy and strong cock to be rejected, the cock of physical health is selected to be raised, feeding manner is put in a suitable place to breed for forest land in morning, Evening henhouse cage periodically feeds the high chicken feed of nutritive value, chooses that physical health, sexal maturity, male sex function be strong and weight Cock for more than 2.5-3.0kg is as third generation male parent；

E, select that physical health, feather are beautiful, male sex function is strong and purebred Qingyuan Chicken cock conduct of the weight for 2.5-3.5kg The second maternal progress natural hybridization in male parent, with step c is laid eggs, and is chosen the well-balanced mellow and full fertile egg of head and is hatched, is obtained To chicken, chicken is subjected to cage, periodically feeds high nutrition feed, when chick is cultivated and can differentiate male and female by 55 days or more, is picked Except cock and unhealthy and strong hen, the hen of physical health is selected to be raised, feeding manner is put in a suitable place to breed for forest land in morning, evening chicken Cage is given up, periodically feeds the high chicken feed of nutritive value, feeding frequency is twice a week, chooses physical health, sexal maturity and body The hen that weight is more than 2.0-2.8kg is as third generation female parent；

F, the third generation female parent in the third generation male parent and step e in step d is carried out natural hybridization to lay eggs, it is well-balanced selects head Mellow and full fertile egg is hatched, and obtains chicken, which is continued the stable breeding of fence level land, is periodically fed high nutrition and is raised Material when chick is cultivated and can differentiate male and female by 55 days or more, rejects hen and unhealthy and strong cock, selects the cock of physical health Stable breeding is carried out, selects the cock that beautiful feather, physical health, sexal maturity, and weight are more than 2.5kg as forth generation male parent；

G, the progress natural hybridization of purebred Meiling Hill chicken of the forth generation male parent in step f and physical health is laid eggs, selects head Well-balanced mellow and full fertile egg is hatched, and obtains chicken, which is continued stable breeding, periodically feeds the high special chicken of nutrition Feed when chick is cultivated and can differentiate male and female by more than 55 days, is carried out orchard raising, selection physical health, sexually matured Cock and hen are hybridized, and the chicken new product that meat is good and the speed of growth is fast is obtained after the fixation of three generations's more than traversed by Kind.

The chicken new varieties cultivated according to the method described above can both keep the chicken meat quality of good chicken, simultaneously also The speed of growth and feed conversion rate can be improved, the speed of growth improves 37% than general chicken, meets consumer to meat With the requirement of amount, the dining table needs of consumer are preferably met.

The chicken new varieties cultivated progress orchard is put in a suitable place to breed, is specifically comprised the following steps：

（1）Orchard addressing：Selection is dry, on the sunny side, not aweather, environment quiet, traffic convenience, electric system it is flourishing, plantation peach There are enough cleaning water sources in tree or the orchard of pear tree, the orchard of selection, the topography entirety gradient is at 20 ° other than 500 meters of village Hereinafter, the woods shade rate in orchard is more than 60%-68%, the water penetration and gas permeability of surface soil will get well, soil using sandy soil as It is good；

（2）Put preceding preparation in a suitable place to breed：A, henhouse is built, henhouse is built in orchard, the henhouse built will sit in the north facing the south, and henhouse is brick wood knot Structure, a height of 3.5 meters of henhouse, henhouse ground and interior wall are cement material, and froth bed, while henhouse are additionally provided in henhouse wall Roof selected as mud watt or asbestos tile structure, henhouse can be made to reach good heat insulation effect in this way, guarantor is provided in henhouse Warm device and headlamp；

B, coop sterilizing：Before chicken enters henhouse, henhouse is carried out disinfection, the disinfection way used is 10kg water adds 2.5kg Plant ash, heating are boiled, and coop sterilizing are sprayed after plant ash clarification of water, while add 6.8kg water to orchard using 1kg quick limes Also spray disinfectant is carried out, prevents the generation of poultry disease.

C, fence is set：In orchard, surrounding sets 2.5 meters of high fences, which is to make a call to one for 4 meters in orchard circumferentially-spaced A timber, fixes nylon wire between timber, prevents chicken escape and other animals from entering, before putting chicken in a suitable place to breed, conscientiously to examine Fence is looked into, repairs loophole in time, while also once to be killed mouse to orchard and snake of going out, and fence is set in orchard, by fruit Garden is separated into several culturing areas, and feeder and drinking device are placed in each culturing area.

（3）It puts in a suitable place to breed and feeds：The chicken new varieties cultivated are put into orchard and carry out free-ranging, orchard is put in a suitable place to breed 8 weeks per acre Only, the chicken put in a suitable place to breed is movable in orchard daytime by chicken 150-250 more than age, and when night or rainstorm weather returns to henhouse, Chicken mostly in orchard worm, grass be food, full-valence pellet feed periodically is fed to chicken, the feed includes 50% or so jade Rice, 20% or so wheat bran, 20% or so dregs of beans, 5% or so fish meal and a small amount of vitamin, are also added in feed Poor slag, sweet potato, leaf, pumpkin, rattan powder, three times, feeding time is morning 7 for feeding daily:00, noon 12:30, the dusk 18:00, The place of feeding carries out in henhouse at dusk, chicken can be helped to enter henhouse, the amount of feeding increases with the growth of chicken, 8- 9 week old, daily every feeding 75-90g, 10-13 week old, daily every feeding 100-125g, it is more than 14 week old daily every feed Expect 130-160g, before 17 week old, with 7 days for a cycle, the feedstuff feeding amount in next period is thrown than the feed in last period The amount of feeding increases 3%-5%, and feeder and drinking device are cleaned and sterilized weekly.

The corn is yellow maize or corn protein powder, while additive is periodically added in feed, and the additive is pressed Include following component according to mass fraction：20-25 parts of beta carotene, 10-15 parts of turmeric, 9-15 parts of garlic, 12-18 parts of fennel, eight Angle 12-15 parts, 10-16 parts of cassia bark, the additive adds 3 times in one week in feed, and the time added every time is Monday Noon 12:30, Wednesday afternoon 18:00, Saturday morning 7:00, the amount added every time is the 8%- of the feed relative of feeding 10%, the pigment deposition of chicken skin can be enhanced in this way, improve yellowish pink, meat and increase delicate flavour.

The sawdust of 2-3cm thickness is laid on henhouse ground, is placed with three row habitation supports in henhouse, each column habitation support all by Single habitation support is formed by connecting, and 27-29cm, the single habitation support use a root long about 15- to the habitation support from the ground 18 meters, a diameter of 8-10 centimetres of bamboo and wood or metal tube are described trapezoidal in 5 trapezoid supports of the equidistant installation in both ends and middle part Fixing piece is provided at both ends at the top of stent, screw hole is provided on the fixing piece, the bamboo and wood or metal tube are arranged on fixation Between part, the fixing piece is fixed by screw and bamboo and wood or metal tube.When just starting, chicken is grasped and is stopped on habitation support Breath, by 1-3 at night, this part chicken begin to custom and rest on habitation support, thus provide one for chicken The healthy growth of chicken totally very ensure that by free habitat.

（4）Daily management：Daily clean henhouse, periodically carry out disinfection to henhouse and orchard, discovery have sick chicken, and When isolation treatment, orchard will carry out closed management, chicken is forbidden to be contacted with Migrant women, temperature in holding henhouse and wet Degree, pays attention to the ventilation in henhouse.Summer, night in autumn fill above henhouse hangs trap lamp, and the trap lamp lures worm using bilayer Lamp, one high and one low is one group of suspension, and low lamp is generally located on above henhouse 0.8 meter or so, and high lamp is lured away from low 1.5 meters or so of lamp The worm lamp opening time is 7 points of evening to 12 points of late into the night.More mosquitoes can be traped in this way, and worm is lured to feed chicken, improves chicken Rate of body weight gain and increase chicken meat it is delicious.

Using the chicken orchard stocking method of above-mentioned science, it can better assure that the better quality of chicken chicken and carry The high speed of growth and feed conversion rate of chicken, has high nutritive value and unique Tu Te, the green special with game etc. Point.

Above-described embodiment is only one kind in several embodiments of the present invention, not to the restriction of present inventive concept, not Under the premise of being detached from the present invention relates to thought, the engineers and technicians in this field make technical scheme of the present invention various Variations and modifications should all fall into protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (1)

1. a kind of cultural method of chicken, which is characterized in that raise the chicken new varieties turned out in orchard, the orchard For the orchard of plantation peach or pear tree, orchard surrounding is set into fence, and fence is set in orchard, orchard is separated into several A culturing area is placed with feeder and drinking device in each culturing area, the chicken new varieties cultivated is put into Orchard carries out free-ranging, periodically feeds full-valence pellet feed to chicken, and the chicken put in a suitable place to breed is movable in orchard daytime, night or sudden and violent Henhouse is returned during rainy day gas, the sawdust of 2-3cm thickness is laid on henhouse ground, three row habitation supports, each column are placed in henhouse Habitation support is all formed by connecting by single habitation support, and 27-29cm, the single habitation support use one to the habitation support from the ground About 15-18 meters of root long, a diameter of 8-10 centimetres of bamboo and wood or metal tube, both ends and middle part it is equidistant installation 5 trapezoid supports, Fixing piece is provided at both ends at the top of the trapezoid support, screw hole is provided on the fixing piece, the bamboo and wood or metal tube are set It puts between fixing piece, the fixing piece is fixed by screw and bamboo and wood or metal tube；

Summer, night in autumn fill above henhouse hangs trap lamp, and for the trap lamp using double-deck trap lamp, one high and one low is one group Suspension, low lamp are generally located on above henhouse 0.8 meter or so, and for high lamp away from low 1.5 meters or so of lamp, the trap lamp opening time is evening 7 Point is to 12 points of late into the night.