CN108223166A - 通过点火正时校正阻止催化剂被破坏的方法 - Google Patents

通过点火正时校正阻止催化剂被破坏的方法 Download PDF

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CN108223166A
CN108223166A CN201710555893.XA CN201710555893A CN108223166A CN 108223166 A CN108223166 A CN 108223166A CN 201710555893 A CN201710555893 A CN 201710555893A CN 108223166 A CN108223166 A CN 108223166A
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ignition timing
fire
efficiency
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engine
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CN108223166B (zh
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金龙植
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Kia Corp
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    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02DCONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02D45/00Electrical control not provided for in groups F02D41/00 - F02D43/00
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    • F01N3/00Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
    • F01N3/08Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous
    • F01N3/10Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust
    • F01N3/18Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust characterised by methods of operation; Control
    • F01N3/20Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust characterised by methods of operation; Control specially adapted for catalytic conversion ; Methods of operation or control of catalytic converters
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    • F02P5/00Advancing or retarding ignition; Control therefor
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    • F02P5/15Digital data processing
    • F02P5/152Digital data processing dependent on pinking
    • F02P5/1522Digital data processing dependent on pinking with particular means concerning an individual cylinder
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    • F01N2430/00Influencing exhaust purification, e.g. starting of catalytic reaction, filter regeneration, or the like, by controlling engine operating characteristics
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    • F01N2900/00Details of electrical control or of the monitoring of the exhaust gas treating apparatus
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Abstract

本发明提供一种通过点火正时校正阻止催化剂被破坏的方法,可以包括:确认发动机转数;确定失火是否发生;当失火发生时确认车辆的驱动条件;基于车辆驱动条件确定点火正时校正效率;以及基于所确定的点火正时校正效率通过确定和确认气缸的失火影响确定失火率。

Description

通过点火正时校正阻止催化剂被破坏的方法
相关申请的交叉参考
本申请要求2016年12月14日提交的韩国专利申请No.10-2016-0170216的优先权,所述申请的全部内容为了所有目的通过引用并入本文。
技术领域
本发明涉及一种通过点火正时校正阻止催化剂被破坏的方法,并且更具体地,涉及一种基于气缸的点火正时校正效率和失火影响来检测失火率从而通过点火正时校正阻止催化剂被破坏的方法。
背景技术
通常地,内燃机的点火正时基于发动机的转数和发动机负荷控制,以增大发动机转矩或者减少废气。
关于此,根据相关技术的用于控制发动机点火正时的系统包括经配置检测发动机的转数的每分钟转数(RPM)传感器、经配置检测进气压力的进气压力传感器、经配置检测进气温度的进气温度传感器、经配置从传感器接收信号以确定点火正时并产生与点火正时对应的点火信号的电子控制单元(ECU)和经配置从ECU接收点火信号以点燃燃料-空气混合物的点火装置。
当在发动机点火之后经过预定时间段时,ECU基于RPM、进气压力和进气温度计算点火正时,并将对应点火信号传递到点火装置,使得燃烧室的燃烧过程得到控制。
在此情况下,基于存储在装配在ECU中的存储器中的默认点火正时的曲线图执行点火正时控制,其中默认点火正时的曲线图具有与RPM和发动机负荷成曲线的默认点火正时值作为参数。
当检测到实际RPM和发动机负荷且对应信号输入到ECU时,ECU基于默认点火正时的曲线图确定默认点火正时。通常地,在发动机怠速和部分载荷的条件下,默认点火正时确定为接近/或处于用于最大化发动机功率的最佳转矩的最小火花提前(MBT:Minimum sparkadvance for best torque)的值。
同时,可能发生在发动机的气缸中不正常燃烧的失火。此类失火产生不完全燃烧气体,并且不完全燃烧由催化剂氧化,使得催化剂温度增大。因此,如果连续地发生大量的失火,催化剂和发动机可能被破坏。
因此,根据相关技术,基于催化剂温度是否达到参考温度(1000摄氏度)检查失火率,其中确定催化剂温度的元素是失火气缸中的化学卡路里和正常气缸中的化学卡路里。
在此情况下,催化剂温度的卡路里如下面的公式1那样计算。
【公式1】
Qcat=Qmisfire+Qnorm
其中Qcat是催化剂温度的卡路里,Qmisfire是失火气缸的卡路里,并且Qnorm是正常气缸的废气的卡路里。失火气缸的卡路里与燃料量成正比,并且正常气缸的废气的卡路里由驱动条件下的热效率确定。
然而,根据相关技术,当正常气缸的废气的卡路里在相同的驱动条件下改变时,失火率和可允许的失火率之间发生差异。当正常气缸的废气的卡路里过量时,失火在参考温度下降低,使得失火检测劣化。
本发明的背景部分中公开的信息仅是为了增强对本发明的一般背景的理解,并且不可以视为此信息形成已经为本领域的技术人员所知的现有技术的承认或任何形式的暗示。
发明内容
本发明的各个方面涉及提供一种通过点火正时校正阻止催化剂被破坏的方法。提供了一种当正常燃烧室气缸的废气的卡路里过量时通过在驱动条件下确定点火正时校正效率和气缸的失火影响来检测失火率从而阻止催化剂被破坏的方法。
要由本发明概念解决的技术问题不限于前述问题,并且本文未提及的任何其他技术问题将由与本发明相关的本领域的技术人员从下列描述清楚地理解。
根据本发明的各个方面,提供了一种通过点火正时校正阻止催化剂被破坏的方法。该方法包括:确认发动机的转数,在发动机转数的确认之后确定失火是否发生,当发生失火时确认车辆的驱动条件,基于驱动条件确定点火正时驱动条件,以及基于所确定的点火正时校正效率通过确定和确认气缸的失火影响确定失火率。
点火正时校正效率的确定包括:基于存储在车辆的电子控制单元(ECU)中的点火正时映射表确认点火正时效率,确认当前气缸的点火正时效率,以及通过确定在基于点火正时映射表的点后正时效率和当前气缸的点火正时效率确定点火正时校正效率。
点火正时校正效率的确定还包括确定:所确定的点火正时校正效率的权重。
失火率的确定包括:基于所确定的权重确定其中发生失火的气缸的失火影响,累计气缸的失火影响,以及通过累计所有气缸的失火影响确定失火率。
该方法还包括在执行通过失火影响的失火率的确定之后或当在失火是否发生的确定中确定失火不发生时,确定发动机的转数是否达到200rpm。
该方法还包括确定通过累计失火影响在失火率的确定中确认的失火影响是否大于阈值。
该方法还包括当通过失火效应的累计在失火率的确定中确认的失火影响大于阈值时,打开故障指示灯。
发动机的转数设置为200rpm。
驱动条件包括发动机的每分钟转数(RPM)、发动机负荷、点火正时和最优点火正时(MBT_spark)。
本发明的方法和设备具有将从并入本文的附图和下列具体实施方式明显的或者在并入本文的附图和下列具体实施方式中更详细阐述的其他特征和优点,所述附图和具体实施方式一起用于解释本发明的某些原理。
附图说明
图1是根据本发明的示例性实施例示出通过点火正时校正阻止催化剂被破坏的方法的流程图;
图2是根据本发明的示例性实施例详细示出在阻止催化剂被破坏的方法中的点火正时校正效率操作的流程图;
图3a和图3b是根据本发明的示例性实施例示出在点火正时延迟和催化剂破坏失火率之间的关系的曲线图;以及
图4是根据本发明的示例性实施例示出点火正时效率与点火正时延迟的程度的曲线图。
可以理解的是附图不必按比例绘制,呈现说明本发明的基本原理的各个特征的某种程度上简化的表示。包括例如具体尺寸、取向、位置和形状的如本文公开的本发明的具体设计特征将由专用应用和使用环境部分地确定。
在图中,参考标号是指贯穿若干图的本发明的相同或等同部件。
具体实施方式
现在将对本发明的各个实施例详细作出参考,其示例在附图中示出并在下面描述。虽然本发明将与示例性实施例结合描述,将理解的是本说明书不意在将本发明限制于那些示例性实施例。相反地,本发明意在不仅涵盖示例性实施例,而且涵盖可以包括在如由随附权利要求限定的本发明的精神和范围内的各种替代、修改、等同物和其他实施例。
在下文中,本发明的实施例将参照附图详细地描述。
图1是根据本发明的示例性实施例示出通过点火正时校正阻止催化剂被破坏的方法的流程图。
如图1所示,根据本发明的示例性实施例的方法包括以下操作:确认发动机的转数,确定失火是否发生,确认驱动条件,确定点火正时校正效率,以及确定气缸的失火影响。
在操作S10中,确认发动机的转数。
发动机的转数设置为200rpm,使得失火可以在发动机操作之后即刻在200rpm内被检测到。
在操作S20中,在操作S10之后,确定是否在气缸中发生失火。
在该情况下,曲轴的旋转速度的变化通过车载诊断(OBD)或电子控制单元(ECU)检测,以便确定失火是否发生。
在操作S30中,当发生失火时,确认车辆驱动条件并且收集在操作S40中将被描述的用于补偿点火正时效率的数据。
操作S30的驱动条件可以包括:发动机的每分钟转数(RPM)、发动机负荷、点火正时(用于最佳转矩的最小火花提前(MBT))和最优点火正时(MBT_spark)。
在操作S40中,基于在操作S30中确认的驱动条件确定点火正时效率。
同时,如图3a和图3b的曲线图中所示,由于在相同的失火率下催化剂温度较高并且当点火正时延迟时催化剂温度增大,需要减小催化剂破坏失火率。另外,如图4的曲线图中所示,由于当延迟点火正时并要求点火正时校正时点火正时效率降低,可以补偿点火正时效率以检测失火率。
如图2所示,操作S40包括:基于存储在车辆的ECU中的点火正时映射表确认点火正时效率以确定点火正时效率的操作S41、确认当前气缸的点火正时效率的操作S42和确定点火正时校正效率的操作S43。在该情况下,如图4所示,通过在ECU中设定的默认值,基于点火正时延迟的程度,来确认点火正时效率。
操作S41的点火正时效率如下列公式2确定。
【公式2】
REF=MAP_1(Rpm,Load)
其中‘REF’是基于映射表的点火正时效率,‘Rpm’和‘负荷’是每分钟转数和发动机负荷。也就是,基于映射表的点火正时效率可以基于每分钟转数和发动机负荷来确认。在此情况下,‘MAP_1’是基于‘Rpm’和‘Load’确认的参考值并基于设定表值确定。
在操作S42中,发生失火的当前气缸的点火正时效率如下列公式3确定。
【公式3】
ACT=MAP_2(MBT_Spark–点火正时)
其中‘ACT’是当前气缸的点火正时效率并基于最优点火正时(MBT_spark)和点火正时(MBT)之间的差来计算。在此情况下,‘MAP_2’是基于最优点火正时和点火正时确认的参考值,并基于设定表值计算。
在操作S43中,点火正时校正效率如下列公式4确定。
【公式4】
D_EFF=REF_EFF–ACT_EFF
其中‘D_EFE’是点火正时校正效率并根据基于映射表的点火正时效率(REF_EFF)和当前发动机的点火正时效率(ACT_EFF)之间的差计算。
另外,操作S40还包括确定在操作S43中确定的点火正时校正效率的权重的操作S44。
在操作S44中,点火正时校正效率的权重如下列公式5确定。
【公式5】
WF=MAP_3(D_EFF)
其中‘WP’是点火正时效率的权重并基于在操作S43中计算的点火正时校正效率计算。在此情况下,‘MAP_3’是基于点火正时校正效率确认的参考值并基于设定表值计算。
如上所述,在操作S50中,气缸的失火影响基于在操作S40中确定的点火正时校正效率确定和确认,以确定失火率。
操作S50包括:基于在操作S44中确定的权重确定发生失火的气缸的失火影响以确定失火率的操作S51、累计气缸的失火影响的操作S52和通过累计所有气缸的失火确定失火率的操作S53。
在操作S51中,气缸的失火影响如下列公式6确定。
【公式6】
K=Ck(Rpm,Load)*WF
其中‘K’表示发生失火的气缸的失火影响,并且失火率通过将基于发动机转数(rpm)和发动机负荷的气缸的失火值Ck乘以点火正时校正效率的权重进行计算。
在操作S52中,所累计的气缸的失火影响如下列公式7确定。
【公式7】
CNT[cyl]=CNT[cyl]+K
其中‘CNT[cyl]’是对应气缸的累计失火影响(计数)并通过将对应气缸的一个失火影响与另一失火影响相加进行计算。
在操作S53中,所有气缸的累计失火影响如下列公式8确定。
【公式8】
Total_CNT=∑CNT[cyl]
其中‘Total_CNT’是所有气缸的累计失火影响(计数)并通过累计每个气缸的失火影响计算。
同时,在操作S60中确定发动机的转数是否达到200rpm,并且在执行操作S53之后或者当在操作S20中没有发生失火时,确认发动机的转数。
另外,当在操作S60中发动机的转数达到200rpm时,该过程进入下一个操作。当发动机的转数小于200rpm时,该过程进入操作S20,以便再次确认失火是否发生。
在操作S70中,当操作S60的结果是发动机的转数为200rpm或更多时,确定所有气缸的失火影响是否大于预定阈值。在操作S80中,当在操作S70中确定所有气缸的失火影响大于预定阈值时,打开故障指示灯(MIL)。
也就是,即使在发动机的转数达到200rpm之前检测到失火,也可以累计失火。当发动机的转数达到200rpm并且失火影响超过阈值时,确定发生失火并且可以通过MIL告知驾驶员失火。
如上所述,根据本发明的示例性实施例的阻止催化剂被破坏的方法包括:确认发动机的转数的操作S10、确定失火是否发生的操作S20、当发生失火时确认车辆的驾驶条件的操作S30、基于车辆驱动条件确定点火正时校正效率的操作S40和基于所确定的点火正时校正效率通过确定并确认失火影响确定失火率的操作S50。因此,当发生失火时,气缸的点火正时校正效率确定为在车辆的驱动条件下检测失火率,使得失火发生诊断速率降低的现象可以得到阻止并且失火发生诊断的精确性和可靠性可以得到提高。
如上所述,根据本发明的示例性实施例,当发生失火时,在车辆驱动条件下的气缸的点火正时校正效率和失火影响确定为检测失火率,使得降低失火发生诊断速率的现象可以得到阻止并且失火发生诊断的精确性和可靠性可以得到提高,从而提高可销售性。
为了便于在随附权利要求中解释和精确限定,术语“上部”、“下部”、“内部”、“外部”、“上”、“下”、“上部”、“下部”、“向上”、“向下”、“前部”、“后部”、“后”、“在里面”、“在外面”、“向内地”、“向外地”、“内部”、“外部”、“内”、“外”、“向前”、“向后”用于参照图中显示的此类特征的位置描述示例性实施例的特征。
本发明的具体示例性实施例的前述描述已经为了说明和描述的目的呈现。它们不意在穷举或将本发明限制于所公开的准确形式,并且明显地许多修改和变化就上述启示而言都是可能的。示例性实施例经选择和描述,以解释本发明的某些原理及其实际应用,以使本领域中的技术人员作出并利用本发明的各种示例性实施例,以及它们的各种替代和修改。目的是本发明的范围应该由随附的权利要求及其等同物限定。

Claims (10)

1.一种通过点火正时校正阻止催化剂被破坏的方法,所述方法包括:
通过电子控制单元(ECU)确认发动机的转数;
在确认发动机的转数的确认之后,确定失火是否发生;
当失火发生时,确认车辆的驱动条件;
基于所述驱动条件确定点火正时校正效率;以及
基于所确定的点火正时校正效率,通过确定和确认气缸的失火影响,确定失火率。
2.根据权利要求1所述的方法,其中确定所述点火正时校正效率包括:
基于在所述车辆的ECU中存储的点火正时映射表确认点火正时效率;
确认当前气缸的点火正时效率;以及
通过确定在基于点火正时映射表的点火正时效率和所述当前气缸的点火正时效率之间的差,确定点火正时校正效率。
3.根据权利要求2所述的方法,其中确定所述点火正时校正效率还包括:
确定所确定的点火正时校正效率的权重。
4.根据权利要求3所述的方法,其中确定所述失火率包括:
基于所确定的权重确定发生失火的气缸的失火影响;
累计所述气缸的失火影响;以及
通过累计所有气缸的失火影响确定所述失火率。
5.根据权利要求4所述的方法,所述方法还包括:
在失火是否发生的确定中,在执行通过累计失火影响确定所述失火率的步骤之后或者当确定不发生失火时,确定所述发动机的转数是否达到预定的RPM。
6.根据权利要求4所述的方法,其中预定RPM大约是200RPM。
7.根据权利要求6所述的方法,所述方法还包括:
确定通过累计所述失火影响确定所述失火率的步骤中确认的失火影响是否大于阈值。
8.根据权利要求7所述的方法,所述方法还包括:
当通过累计所述失火影响确定所述失火率的步骤中确认的失火影响大于所述阈值时,打开故障指示灯。
9.根据权利要求1所述的方法,其中所述发动机的转数设置为约200rpm。
10.根据权利要求1所述的方法,其中所述驱动条件包括发动机的每分钟转数(RPM)、发动机负荷、点火正时和最优点火正时(MBT_spark)。
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CN115355087A (zh) * 2022-08-19 2022-11-18 一汽解放汽车有限公司 发动机失火故障报警方法、装置、电子设备及存储介质
CN115355087B (zh) * 2022-08-19 2024-01-09 一汽解放汽车有限公司 发动机失火故障报警方法、装置、电子设备及存储介质

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