CN108219165B - 一种聚乙烯醇组合物及制备方法及用途 - Google Patents

一种聚乙烯醇组合物及制备方法及用途 Download PDF

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CN108219165B
CN108219165B CN201810036428.XA CN201810036428A CN108219165B CN 108219165 B CN108219165 B CN 108219165B CN 201810036428 A CN201810036428 A CN 201810036428A CN 108219165 B CN108219165 B CN 108219165B
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polyvinyl alcohol
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陈绍永
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Scarcity (xiamen) New Materials Co Ltd
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Abstract

本发明公开了一种聚乙烯醇组合物及制备方法及用途,原料包括以下组分,聚乙烯醇60‑90份;戊二醛0.1‑3份;聚乙烯醇组合物由聚乙烯醇在酸性环境中于熔融状态下与戊二醛混合制成。本发明具有以下优点和效果:聚乙烯醇组合物内包括聚乙烯醇、戊二醛、酸、尿素等,戊二醛与聚乙烯醇发生交联反应,提高聚乙烯醇组合物的分解温度,同时降低聚乙烯组合物的熔点,提高聚乙烯醇组合物的可加工性;用聚乙烯醇组合物制备得到的聚乙烯醇医用导管,具有极佳的生物相容性,便于医生在临床上使用;另外,聚乙烯醇组合物还可用于制备密封垫、可降解的花盆、手提袋等多种物品,达到了聚乙烯醇组合物熔融温度低、便于熔融加工、极佳的生物相容性、应用范围广的效果。

Description

一种聚乙烯醇组合物及制备方法及用途
技术领域
本发明涉及高分子聚合物应用技术领域,特别涉及一种聚乙烯醇组合物及制备方法及用途。
背景技术
聚乙烯醇是一种高分子,性能介于塑料和橡胶之间,聚乙烯醇具有较佳的强接性、皮膜柔韧性、平滑性,耐油性、耐溶剂体保护性、气体阻绝性等,且聚乙烯醇卫生无毒,在一定条件下可生物降解,聚乙烯醇在纺织、食品、医药、建筑、木材加工、造纸、印刷、农业等行业有着广泛的应用。其中医用级别的聚乙烯醇,对人体安全无毒,无刺激,无致敏,无细胞毒性,具有较好的生物相容性,是制备医用器材的理想材料之一。
高聚物的熔融,就是结晶性高聚物在受热后,结晶区由结晶状态向液体状态转变的过程,这个温度就是熔点。高聚物由高分子长链呈一定的分布,其聚集态又是典型的两相结构,即晶相和非晶相并存,因此,高聚物的熔融并不是很敏锐,熔融过程是在一个较宽的温度范围内发生,高聚物发生熔融的温度叫熔点或熔融温度。
聚乙烯醇分子内存在大量羟基,其形成的氢链使聚乙烯醇具有较好的熔融温度,且熔融温度与聚乙烯醇的分解温度接近,加工性较差,难以热塑加工,限制了聚乙烯醇的应用。
发明内容
本发明的目的是提供一种聚乙烯醇组合物,具有熔融温度低的效果。
本发明的上述技术目的是通过以下技术方案得以实现的:一种聚乙烯醇组合物,按重量份数计,聚乙烯醇组合物原料包括以下组分,聚乙烯醇60-90份;戊二醛0.1-3份;所述聚乙烯醇组合物由聚乙烯醇在酸性环境中于熔融状态下与戊二醛混合制成。
通过采用上述技术方案,在酸性环境下,聚乙烯醇组合物原料内的聚乙烯醇和戊二醛发生交联反应,形成三维网状结构,提高聚乙烯醇组合物的强度、耐热性。酸性环境能促进戊二醛与聚乙烯醇的交联反应,提高聚乙烯醇组合物的分解温度,同时降低交联后的聚乙烯醇组合物的熔融温度,提高聚乙烯醇组合物的可加工性。
本发明的进一步设置为:按重量份数计,聚乙烯醇组合物原料还包括尿素4-10份。
通过采用上述技术方案,由于高聚物的熔点在其熔融过程中热焓和熵变有直接的关系,熔点与热焓和熵变的关系为:Tm=ΔH/ΔS,式中,Tm为高聚物熔点,ΔH为高聚物在熔融过程的热焓变化,ΔS为高聚物在熔融过程的熵变。影响ΔH、ΔS的因素,能影响到高聚物的熔点。其中分子间作用力影响ΔH,分子链的刚柔性影响ΔS。分子间作用力越大,熔融时需要克服的分子束缚力越大,高聚物的熔点就越高。因此,在聚乙烯醇组合物原料内加入尿素,尿素分散在聚乙烯醇组合物原料混合物内,减小聚乙烯醇分子间的作用力,显著降低聚乙烯醇组合物的熔点。
本发明的进一步设置为:按重量份数计,所述聚乙烯醇组合物原料还包括甘油5-15份;氯化钙2-10份。
通过采用上述技术方案,聚乙烯醇组合物原料包括甘油,甘油使聚乙烯醇发生溶胀、稀释,减小聚乙烯醇分子间作用力,起到降低聚乙烯醇组合物熔融温度的作用;氯化钙也起到降低聚乙烯醇组合物熔融温度的作用。
本发明的进一步设置为:按重量份数计,聚乙烯醇组合物原料包括以下组分,聚乙烯醇76-85份;尿素5.4-6.5份;甘油8-11份;氯化钙3-5份;戊二醛0.4-0.6份;酸0.1-2份;所述酸为质量分数为10-98%的硫酸水溶液、脂肪族羧酸、焦磷酸、焦硫酸中的一种。
本发明的进一步设置为:所述聚乙烯醇的聚合度为300-7000,醇解度为50-99%。
通过采用上述技术方案,可使本发明的聚乙烯醇组合物具有熔融温度低,特别是,聚乙烯醇的聚合度越低,熔融温度也越低;聚乙烯醇的醇解度越低,熔融温度也越低。
本发明的另一个目的在于提供一种聚乙烯醇组合物的制备方法,包括以下步骤,步骤一,取聚乙烯醇、酸混合,加热,加热温度为140-220摄氏度,以使聚乙烯醇熔融,得到酸性聚乙烯醇材料,并在140-220摄氏度下造粒;步骤二,然后在140-220摄氏度下,使造粒得到的粒料与戊二醛均匀混合,得到聚乙烯醇组合物中间材料;步骤三,将聚乙烯醇组合物中间材料在质量分数为5-10%的氢氧化钠溶液中浸泡24-48小时;步骤四,从氢氧化钠溶液中取出聚乙烯醇组合物中间材料,用去离子水漂洗,得到聚乙烯醇组合物。
本发明的进一步设置为:步骤一中,向聚乙烯醇和酸的混合物中加入4-10份尿素、5-15份甘油、2-10份氯化钙加热,加热温度为140-220摄氏度,以使聚乙烯醇熔融,得到酸性聚乙烯醇材料,并在140-220摄氏度下造粒。
本发明的另一个目的在于提供一种用聚乙烯醇组合物制备的聚乙烯醇医用导管,聚乙烯醇医用导管材质为聚乙烯醇组合物,表面涂渍有一层涂层,涂层原料内包括乙烯基吡咯烷酮、2-羟基-4’-(2-羟乙氧基)-2-甲基苯丙酮、N,N'-亚甲基双丙烯酰胺和乙醇,乙烯基吡咯烷酮:2-羟基-4’-(2-羟乙氧基)-2-甲基苯丙酮:N,N'-亚甲基双丙烯酰胺:乙醇=3:1:0.04:95.96。
通过采用上述技术方案,聚乙烯醇医用导管表面涂渍有涂层,遇水形成一层润滑薄膜,提高聚乙烯醇医用导管的表面润滑性,在临床使用时,聚乙烯醇医用导管润滑的表面减小对细胞的刺激,不损伤粘膜,减少对体内细胞和组织带来的损伤,有利于医生操作,且能减轻病人的痛苦。
其次,聚乙烯醇医用导管表面润滑,提高聚乙烯醇医用导管的生物相容性。当表面没有涂层的高分子材料暴露于血液环境中时,血浆蛋白会迅速吸附在高分子材料表面,同时吸附的血浆蛋白可诱发血小板的粘附、释放和聚集,导致血栓的形成,另一方面容易激活血液中的凝血因子,诱发凝血反应。在聚乙烯醇医用导管表面涂渍一层涂层,减弱聚乙烯醇医用导管表面与血液中血浆蛋白、血细胞的相互作用,表现出良好的抗凝血性能。
本发明的进一步设置为:聚乙烯醇医用导管的制备方法如下,步骤一,取聚乙烯醇、甘油、氯化钙、酸、尿素混合后,用挤出机挤出后,切粒,得到酸性聚乙烯醇材料,其中挤出机内的温度为140-220摄氏度;步骤二,取戊二醛、步骤一得到的酸性聚乙烯醇材料混合后,用挤出机挤出,挤出机内的温度为140-220摄氏度,得到聚乙烯醇管材;步骤三,将聚乙烯管材冷却后,浸泡在质量分数在5-10%的氢氧化钠溶液中24-48小时;步骤四,从氢氧化钠溶液中取出聚乙烯醇管材,用去离子水漂洗后,分切成聚乙烯醇导管;步骤五,在聚乙烯醇导管上涂渍混合溶液,混合溶液内包括乙烯基吡咯烷酮、2-羟基-4’-(2-羟乙氧基)-2-甲基苯丙酮、N,N'-亚甲基双丙烯酰胺和乙醇,用紫外光照射处理,得到表面附有涂层的聚乙烯醇导管;步骤六,将表面附有涂层的聚乙烯醇导管置于水性茵陈蒿水溶性抗菌溶液中,浸泡;步骤七,取出浸泡在水性茵陈蒿水溶性抗菌溶液中的聚乙烯醇导管,辐射灭菌;步骤八,将辐射灭菌后的聚乙烯醇导管密封包装,得到成品聚乙烯醇医用导管。
本发明的另一个目的在于提供一种聚乙烯醇组合物的用途:聚乙烯醇组合物用于制备密封垫或干燥剂或油管或手提袋或鞋垫或包装袋或将聚乙烯醇组合物与肥料混合后制作成花盆。
综上所述,本发明具有以下有益效果:聚乙烯醇组合物内包括聚乙烯醇、戊二醛、酸、尿素等,戊二醛与聚乙烯醇发生交联反应,提高聚乙烯醇组合物的分解温度,同时降低聚乙烯组合物的熔点,提高聚乙烯醇组合物的可加工性,便于熔融加工;用聚乙烯醇组合物制备得到的聚乙烯醇医用导管,具有极佳的生物相容性,便于医生在临床上使用;另外,聚乙烯醇组合物还可用于制备密封垫、可降解的花盆、手提袋等多种物品,达到了聚乙烯醇组合物熔融温度低、可加工性好、便于熔融加工、极佳的生物相容性、应用范围广的效果。
附图说明
图1是实施例1-5、对比例1-4的DSC测试结果;
曲线1为实施例1的测试结果;曲线2为实施例2的测试结果;曲线3为实施例3的测试结果,曲线4为实施例4的测试结果,曲线5为实施例5的测试结果,曲线6为对比例1的测试结果,曲线7为对比例3的测试结果,曲线8为对比例4的测试结果,曲线9为对比例2的测试结果。
具体实施方式
实施例1:一种聚乙烯醇组合物,原料内各组分如表1所示,其中酸选用脂肪族羧酸,聚乙烯醇聚合度为7000,醇解度为99%。
聚乙烯醇组合物的制备方法如下,步骤一,取聚乙烯醇、甘油、氯化钙、酸混合后,用挤出机挤出,用切粒机切粒,得到酸性聚乙烯醇材料,其中挤出机为双螺杆挤出机,长径比为40-60:1,挤出机内的温度为160-220摄氏度。
步骤二,取戊二醛、步骤一得到的酸性聚乙烯醇材料混合后,用挤出机挤出,挤出机内的温度设置在160-220摄氏度,得到聚乙烯醇组合物中间材料。
步骤三,将步骤二得到的聚乙烯醇组合物中间材料冷却后,浸泡在质量分数为5%的氢氧化钠溶液中24-48小时。
步骤四,从氢氧化钠溶液中取出聚乙烯醇组合物中间材料,用去离子水漂洗后,得到聚乙烯醇组合物。
实施例2:一种聚乙烯醇组合物,原料内各组分如表1所示,其中酸选用焦磷酸,聚乙烯醇聚合度为6000,醇解度为80%。
聚乙烯醇组合物的制备方法如下,步骤一,取聚乙烯醇、尿素、甘油、氯化钙、酸混合后,用挤出机挤出,用切粒机切粒,得到酸性聚乙烯醇材料,其中挤出机为双螺杆挤出机,长径比为40-60:1,挤出机内的温度为150-180摄氏度。
步骤二,取戊二醛、步骤一得到的酸性聚乙烯醇材料混合后,用挤出机挤出,挤出机内的温度设置为150-180摄氏度,得到聚乙烯醇组合物中间材料。
步骤三,将步骤二得到的聚乙烯醇组合物中间材料冷却后,浸泡在质量分数为8%的氢氧化钠溶液中24-48小时。
步骤四,从氢氧化钠溶液中取出聚乙烯醇组合物中间材料,用去离子水漂洗后,得到聚乙烯醇组合物。
实施例3:一种聚乙烯醇组合物,与实施例2的不同之处在于,聚乙烯醇组合物原料内各组分如表1所示,酸为焦硫酸,聚乙烯醇聚合度为4000,醇解度为70%。
实施例4:一种聚乙烯醇组合物,原料内各组分如表1所示,其中酸选用质量分数为10%的硫酸水溶液,聚乙烯醇聚合度为2000,醇解度为50%。
聚乙烯醇组合物的制备方法如下,步骤一,取聚乙烯醇、尿素、甘油、氯化钙、酸混合后,用挤出机挤出,用切粒机切粒,得到酸性聚乙烯醇材料,其中挤出机为双螺杆挤出机,长径比为40-60:1,挤出机内的温度为140-160摄氏度。
步骤二,取戊二醛、步骤一得到的酸性聚乙烯醇材料混合后,用挤出机挤出,挤出机内的温度设置为140-160摄氏度,得到聚乙烯醇组合物中间材料。
步骤三,将步骤二得到的聚乙烯醇组合物中间材料冷却后,浸泡在质量分数为10%的氢氧化钠溶液中24-48小时。
步骤四,从氢氧化钠溶液中取出聚乙烯醇组合物中间材料,用去离子水漂洗后,得到聚乙烯醇组合物。
实施例5:一种聚乙烯醇组合物,与实施例4的不同之处在于,聚乙烯醇原料内各组分如表1所示,其中酸为质量分数为98%的硫酸水溶液。聚乙烯聚合度为300,醇解度50%,聚乙烯组合物的制备方法中,步骤一内挤出机内的温度为140-220摄氏度,步骤二内挤出机内的温度为140-220摄氏度。
实施例6:一种聚乙烯醇医用导管,材质为聚乙烯醇组合物,聚乙烯醇组合物原料内各组分如表1所示,酸为质量分数为60%的硫酸水溶液,聚乙烯醇聚合度为300-7000,醇解度为50-99%。聚乙烯醇医用导管材质为聚乙烯醇组合物,表面涂渍有一层涂层,涂层原料内包括乙烯基吡咯烷酮、2-羟基-4’-(2-羟乙氧基)-2-甲基苯丙酮、N,N'-亚甲基双丙烯酰胺和乙醇。
聚乙烯醇医用导管制备方法如下,步骤一,取聚乙烯醇、甘油、氯化钙、酸、尿素混合后,用挤出机挤出后,切粒,得到酸性聚乙烯醇材料,其中挤出机为双螺杆挤出机,螺杆的长径比为40-60:1,挤出机内的温度为140-220摄氏度。
步骤二,取戊二醛、步骤一得到的酸性聚乙烯醇材料混合后,用挤出机挤出,挤出机内的温度为140-220摄氏度,得到聚乙烯醇管材。
步骤三,将聚乙烯管材冷却后,浸泡在质量分数在5-10%的氢氧化钠溶液中24-48小时。
步骤四,从氢氧化钠溶液中取出聚乙烯醇管材,用去离子水漂洗后,分切成聚乙烯醇导管。
步骤五,在聚乙烯醇导管上涂渍混合溶液,混合溶液内包括乙烯基吡咯烷酮、2-羟基-4’-(2-羟乙氧基)-2-甲基苯丙酮、N,N'-亚甲基双丙烯酰胺和乙醇,用紫外光照射处理,得到表面附有涂层的聚乙烯醇导管。其中,混合溶液内各组分的质量比为,乙烯基吡咯烷酮:2-羟基-4’-(2-羟乙氧基)-2-甲基苯丙酮:N,N'-亚甲基双丙烯酰胺:乙醇=3:1:0.04:95.96。紫外光照射处理时,紫外光波长范围为365-370nm。
步骤六,将表面附有涂层的聚乙烯醇导管置于水性茵陈蒿水溶性抗菌溶液中,浸泡。
步骤七,取出浸泡在水性茵陈蒿水溶性抗菌溶液中的聚乙烯醇导管,辐射灭菌,辐射灭菌采用钴60,辐射量为0.5-1.5KGy。
其中,每100ml水性茵陈蒿水溶性抗菌溶液制备方法如下,a,称10g物料,装到三角瓶中,物料为茵陈蒿全株;b,加水,向三角瓶内加入150g蒸馏水;c,浸提,将三角瓶在60摄氏度下恒温处理80分钟;d,定容,把三角瓶内的混合物用漏斗倒到容量瓶内,向容量瓶内加入蒸馏水,定容至500mL,摇晃多次,静置10分钟;e,过滤,用漏斗过滤,得到100ml滤液,即为水性茵陈蒿水溶性抗菌溶液。
步骤八,将辐射灭菌后的聚乙烯醇导管密封包装,成品聚乙烯醇医用导管。
实施例7:一种密封垫,由实施例1-5中任意一种聚乙烯醇组合物制作而成,采用塑料注射成型机将聚乙烯醇组合物注射到模具内成型,得到密封垫。由于聚乙烯醇具有吸水性,密封垫吸水后膨胀,提高密封垫的密封性能。
实施例8:一种干燥剂,由实施例1-5中任意一种聚乙烯醇组合物制作而成。制备方法如下,取聚乙烯醇组合物,切割成块状,得到干燥剂。干燥剂内的聚乙烯醇具有吸水性,吸收水分,干燥效果好。
实施例9:一种油管,由实施例1-5中任意一种聚乙烯醇组合物制作而成,油管的制备方法如下,骤一,取聚乙烯醇、甘油、氯化钙、酸、尿素混合后,用挤出机挤出后,切粒,得到酸性聚乙烯醇材料,其中挤出机为双螺杆挤出机,螺杆的长径比为40-60:1,挤出机内的温度为140-220摄氏度。
步骤二,取戊二醛、步骤一得到的酸性聚乙烯醇材料混合后,用挤出机挤出,挤出机内的温度为140-220摄氏度,得到聚乙烯醇管材。
步骤三,将聚乙烯管材冷却后,浸泡在质量分数在5-10%的氢氧化钠溶液中24-48小时。
步骤四,从氢氧化钠溶液中取出聚乙烯醇管材,用去离子水漂洗后,分切成油管。得到的油管具有气体隔绝性好、油管内壁光滑的优点。
实施例10:一种手提袋,由实施例1-5中任意一种聚乙烯醇组合物制作而成,手提袋采用吹塑工艺制备而成,使用后在环境中易于降解。
实施例11:一种鞋垫,由实施例1-5中任意一种聚乙烯醇组合物制作而成,制备时采用塑料注射成型机将聚乙烯醇组合物注射到模具内成型,得到鞋垫。鞋垫原料内含有聚乙烯醇,聚乙烯醇具有吸水性,使鞋垫能吸收汗液。
实施例12:一种花盆,由实施例1-5中任意一种聚乙烯醇组合物和肥料混合后制作而成。制备时将聚乙烯醇组合物加热到140-220摄氏度后,加入肥料搅拌均匀后,倒入到模具内冷却成型,得到花盆。花盆在使用过程中,聚乙烯醇不断降解,花盆内的肥料不断释放,为花盆内的植物提供养分。
实施例13:一种包装袋,由实施例1-5中任意一种聚乙烯醇组合物制作而成,包装袋采用吹塑工艺制备而成,使用后在环境中易于降解。
对比例1:一种聚乙烯醇,聚合度为300-7000,醇解度为50-99%。
对比例2:一种聚乙烯醇组合物,原料内各组分如表1所示,聚乙烯醇聚合度为300-7000,醇解度为50-99%。
聚乙烯醇组合物的制备方法如下,步骤一,取聚乙烯醇、甘油、氯化钙混合后,用挤出机挤出,用切粒机切粒,得到聚乙烯醇材料,其中挤出机为双螺杆挤出机,长径比为40-60:1,挤出机内的温度为140-220摄氏度。
步骤二,取戊二醛、步骤一得到的聚乙烯醇材料混合后,用挤出机挤出,挤出机内的温度为140-220摄氏度,得到聚乙烯醇组合物。
对比例3:一种聚乙烯醇组合物,原料内各组分如表1所示,聚乙烯醇聚合度为300-7000,醇解度为50-99%。
聚乙烯醇组合物的制备方法如下,取聚乙烯醇、甘油、氯化钙混合后,用挤出机挤出,用切粒机切粒,得到酸性聚乙烯醇材料,其中挤出机为双螺杆挤出机,长径比为40-60:1,挤出机内的温度为140-220摄氏度,切粒,得到聚乙烯醇组合物。
对比例4:一种聚乙烯醇组合物,原料内各组分如表1所示,聚乙烯醇聚合度为300-7000,醇解度为50-99%。
聚乙烯醇组合物的制备方法如下,取聚乙烯醇、尿素、甘油、氯化钙混合后,用挤出机挤出,用切粒机切粒,得到聚乙烯醇组合物,其中挤出机为双螺杆挤出机,长径比为40-60:1,挤出机内的温度为140-220摄氏度,切粒,得到聚乙烯醇组合物。
表1
聚乙烯醇组合物熔融温度测试:取实施例1-5及对比例1-4中的聚乙烯醇组合物、对比例1中的聚乙烯醇,分别进行DSC测试,DSC即差示扫描量热法。测试结果如图1所示,图1中的曲线1为实施例1的测试结果,曲线2为实施例2的测试结果,曲线3为实施例3的测试结果,曲线4为实施例4的测试结果,曲线5为实施例5的测试结果,曲线6为对比例1的测试结果,曲线7为对比例3的测试结果,曲线8为对比例4的测试结果,曲线9为对比例2的测试结果。由图1结果显示,实施例1-6内的聚乙烯醇组合物的熔点均明显低于对比例1的聚乙烯醇、对比例2-4的聚乙烯醇组合物的熔点。

Claims (10)

1.一种聚乙烯醇组合物,其特征在于:按重量份数计,聚乙烯醇组合物原料包括以下组分,聚乙烯醇60-90份;戊二醛0.1-3份;所述聚乙烯醇组合物由聚乙烯醇在酸性环境中于熔融状态下与戊二醛混合制成。
2.根据权利要求1所述的一种聚乙烯醇组合物,其特征在于:按重量份数计,聚乙烯醇组合物原料还包括尿素4-10份。
3.根据权利要求2所述的一种聚乙烯醇组合物,其特征在于:按重量份数计,聚乙烯醇组合物原料还包括甘油5-15份;氯化钙2-10份。
4.根据权利要求3所述的一种聚乙烯醇组合物,其特征在于:按重量份数计,聚乙烯醇组合物原料包括以下组分,聚乙烯醇76-85份;尿素5.4-6.5份;甘油8-11份;氯化钙3-5份;戊二醛0.4-0.6份;酸0.1-2份;所述酸为质量分数为10-98%的硫酸水溶液、脂肪族羧酸、焦磷酸、焦硫酸中的一种。
5.根据权利要求1所述的一种聚乙烯醇组合物,其特征在于:所述聚乙烯醇的聚合度为300-7000,醇解度为50-99%。
6.一种权利要求1所述的聚乙烯醇组合物的制备方法,其特征在于:步骤一,取聚乙烯醇、酸混合,加热,加热温度为140-220摄氏度,以使聚乙烯醇熔融,得到酸性聚乙烯醇材料,并在140-220摄氏度下造粒;
步骤二,然后在140-220摄氏度下,使造粒得到的粒料与戊二醛均匀混合,得到聚乙烯醇组合物中间材料;
步骤三,将聚乙烯醇组合物中间材料在质量分数为5-10%的氢氧化钠溶液中浸泡24-48小时;
步骤四,从氢氧化钠溶液中取出聚乙烯醇组合物中间材料,用去离子水漂洗,得到聚乙烯醇组合物。
7.根据权利要求6所述的聚乙烯醇组合物的制备方法,其特征在于:步骤一中,按重量份数计,向聚乙烯醇和酸的混合物中加入4-10份尿素、5-15份甘油、2-10份氯化钙加热,加热温度为140-220摄氏度,以使聚乙烯醇熔融,得到酸性聚乙烯醇材料,并在140-220摄氏度下造粒。
8.一种聚乙烯醇医用导管,其特征在于:聚乙烯醇医用导管用权利要求4中的聚乙烯醇组合物制备而成,聚乙烯醇医用导管表面涂渍有一层涂层,涂层原料内包括乙烯基吡咯烷酮、2-羟基-4’-(2-羟乙氧基)-2-甲基苯丙酮、N,N'-亚甲基双丙烯酰胺和乙醇,各组分的质量比为,乙烯基吡咯烷酮:2-羟基-4’-(2-羟乙氧基)-2-甲基苯丙酮:N,N'-亚甲基双丙烯酰胺:乙醇=3:1:0.04:95.96。
9.根据权利要求8所述的聚乙烯醇医用导管,其特征在于:聚乙烯醇医用导管的制备方法如下,
步骤一,取聚乙烯醇、甘油、氯化钙、酸、尿素混合后,用挤出机挤出后,切粒,得到酸性聚乙烯醇材料,其中挤出机内的温度为140-220摄氏度;
步骤二,取戊二醛、步骤一得到的酸性聚乙烯醇材料混合后,用挤出机挤出,挤出机内的温度为140-220摄氏度,得到聚乙烯醇管材;
步骤三, 将聚乙烯管材冷却后,浸泡在质量分数在5-10%的氢氧化钠溶液中24-48小时;步骤四,从氢氧化钠溶液中取出聚乙烯醇管材,用去离子水漂洗后,分切成聚乙烯醇导管;步骤五,在聚乙烯醇导管上涂渍混合溶液,混合溶液内包括乙烯基吡咯烷酮、2-羟基-4’-(2-羟乙氧基)-2-甲基苯丙酮、N,N'-亚甲基双丙烯酰胺和乙醇,用紫外光照射处理,得到表面附有涂层的聚乙烯醇导管;
步骤六,将表面附有涂层的聚乙烯醇导管置于水性茵陈蒿水溶性抗菌溶液中,浸泡;
步骤七,取出浸泡在水性茵陈蒿水溶性抗菌溶液中的聚乙烯醇导管,辐射灭菌;
步骤八,将辐射灭菌后的聚乙烯醇导管密封包装,得到成品聚乙烯醇医用导管。
10.一种权利要求4所述的聚乙烯醇组合物的用途,其特征在于:聚乙烯醇组合物用于制备密封垫或干燥剂或油管或手提袋或鞋垫或包装袋或将聚乙烯醇组合物与肥料混合后制作成花盆。
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