CN108196340B - A kind of three dimensional pattern conversion beam splitter based on multiple-mode interfence coupling - Google Patents
A kind of three dimensional pattern conversion beam splitter based on multiple-mode interfence coupling Download PDFInfo
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- CN108196340B CN108196340B CN201810021513.9A CN201810021513A CN108196340B CN 108196340 B CN108196340 B CN 108196340B CN 201810021513 A CN201810021513 A CN 201810021513A CN 108196340 B CN108196340 B CN 108196340B
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
- G02B6/10—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings of the optical waveguide type
- G02B6/14—Mode converters
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B27/00—Optical systems or apparatus not provided for by any of the groups G02B1/00 - G02B26/00, G02B30/00
- G02B27/10—Beam splitting or combining systems
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
- G02B6/24—Coupling light guides
- G02B6/26—Optical coupling means
- G02B6/28—Optical coupling means having data bus means, i.e. plural waveguides interconnected and providing an inherently bidirectional system by mixing and splitting signals
- G02B6/2804—Optical coupling means having data bus means, i.e. plural waveguides interconnected and providing an inherently bidirectional system by mixing and splitting signals forming multipart couplers without wavelength selective elements, e.g. "T" couplers, star couplers
- G02B6/2808—Optical coupling means having data bus means, i.e. plural waveguides interconnected and providing an inherently bidirectional system by mixing and splitting signals forming multipart couplers without wavelength selective elements, e.g. "T" couplers, star couplers using a mixing element which evenly distributes an input signal over a number of outputs
- G02B6/2813—Optical coupling means having data bus means, i.e. plural waveguides interconnected and providing an inherently bidirectional system by mixing and splitting signals forming multipart couplers without wavelength selective elements, e.g. "T" couplers, star couplers using a mixing element which evenly distributes an input signal over a number of outputs based on multimode interference effect, i.e. self-imaging
Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of three dimensional patterns based on multiple-mode interfence coupling to convert beam splitter, belong to the technical field of multiplexing functions beam splitter, it is serially connected in input waveguide, the output waveguide at multimode waveguide both ends including multimode waveguide and respectively, the input waveguide is singlemode input waveguide；The output waveguide includes the identical basic mode output waveguide of quantity and First-Order Mode output waveguide；When light is inputted by input waveguide, perpendicular to multiple-mode interfence coupling is constructed on two different dimensions of transmission direction respectively in multimode waveguide, implementation pattern conversion exports basic mode and First-Order Mode by basic mode output waveguide and First-Order Mode output waveguide with after beam splitting respectively.Structure of the invention is compact and at the same time realize mode multiplexing and beam splitting function, efficiently solves the problems, such as to expand transmission capacity, to meet the needs of next-generation Optical Communication Technology Development.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of three dimensional patterns based on multiple-mode interfence coupling to convert beam splitter, belongs to multiplexing functions beam splitter
Technical field.
Background technique
With the rapid development of optical communication network, core net and data center need to handle a large amount of number in a short time
According to more stringent requirements are proposed for this processing speed and transmission capacity to optical signal.In face of these requirements, space division multiplexing technology and
Mode multiplexing technology is very effective settling mode.But traditional optics space division multiplexing and mode based on two-dimentional optical path
Multiplexing device can only handle the optical signal for prolonging planar transmission, be increasingly becoming the bottle for further increasing processing speed and transmission capacity
Neck.Currently, as three-dimensional photon integrated technology continues to develop, optical mode multiplexing and demultiplexing device forward direction three-dimensional structure development.
These three-dimensional photon structure devices not only have the advantages that small in size, speed is fast, integrated level is high, but also in holding and two-dimensional photon
Increase the channel number on one single chip on the basis of the identical reliability of device and structural stability, allows three-dimensional photon structure simultaneously
The optical signal of different transmission directions in row processing space, to greatly increase transmission capacity.
Under the support of optical device manufacturing process, realize that three dimensional pattern conversion beam splitter can be in mould on a single chip
Transmission capacity is further increased in formula multiplex system.Currently, three-dimensional beam splitter can be divided into three types from structure: based on sky
Between Directional Coupling Optic, based on Y-branch type and be based on multi-mode interference coupler type.Wherein the beam splitter based on MMI is benefit
Optical beam splitting is realized with the self-imaging effect inside multimode waveguide, and it is excellent to have that insertion loss is low, compact-sized and tolerance is good etc.
Point.But it is current to change beam splitter and realize multiplexing of the different function on single device well.
Summary of the invention
It is a kind of based on multiple-mode interfence coupling technical problem to be solved by the present invention lies in overcoming the deficiencies of the prior art and provide
The three dimensional pattern of conjunction converts beam splitter, solves to realize different function answering on single device based on single multi-mode interference coupler
The problem of using.
The present invention specifically uses following technical scheme to solve above-mentioned technical problem:
A kind of three dimensional pattern based on multiple-mode interfence coupling converts beam splitter, including multimode waveguide and is serially connected in multimode respectively
The input waveguide at waveguide both ends, output waveguide, wherein the input waveguide is singlemode input waveguide；The output waveguide includes number
Measure identical basic mode output waveguide and First-Order Mode output waveguide；When light is inputted by input waveguide, perpendicular to biography in multimode waveguide
Multiple-mode interfence coupling is constructed on two different dimensions in defeated direction respectively, passes through basic mode output wave after implementation pattern conversion and beam splitting
It leads and exports basic mode and First-Order Mode respectively with First-Order Mode output waveguide.
Further, as a preferred technical solution of the present invention: all basic mode output waveguides are respectively positioned on vertical
Directly on the straight line of transmission direction and all First-Order Mode output waveguides be respectively positioned on it is straight perpendicular to another of transmission direction
On line, and two straight line parallels.
Further, as a preferred technical solution of the present invention: the multimode waveguide is perpendicular to transmission direction
Input light is subjected to mode conversion and beam splitting on one direction, and by different moulds on another direction perpendicular to transmission direction
The output light of formula is split respectively.
Further, as a preferred technical solution of the present invention: the basic mode output waveguide and First-Order Mode output wave
The quantity led is 3.
Further, as a preferred technical solution of the present invention: the waveguide material of the three dimensional pattern conversion beam splitter
Material is polymer material.
The present invention by adopting the above technical scheme, can have the following technical effects:
Three dimensional pattern based on multiple-mode interfence coupling of the invention converts beam splitter, is a kind of three-dimensional function multiplexing beam splitting
Device is made of single three-dimensional multimode interference coupler.Three dimensional pattern conversion beam splitter can be converted to the basic mode light field of input
Basic mode and First-Order Mode export, and realize 1 point of 3 beam splitting function of basic mode and First-Order Mode respectively while mode conversion.The present invention
It is compact-sized to efficiently solve the problems, such as to expand transmission capacity and at the same time realize mode multiplexing and beam splitting function, thus
Meets the needs of next-generation Optical Communication Technology Development.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is that the three dimensional pattern coupled the present invention is based on multiple-mode interfence converts the structural schematic diagram of beam splitter.
Fig. 2 (a) is the input end face figure that three dimensional pattern of the present invention converts beam splitter；Fig. 2 (b) turns for three dimensional pattern of the present invention
Change beam splitter output end face figure.
Fig. 3 is the input waveguide port position figure of the embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is the output waveguide port position figure of the embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 5 is present invention energy profile in xz plane after basic mode input.
Fig. 6 is present invention energy profile in (x=-23.4 μm) yz plane after basic mode input.
Fig. 7 is present invention energy profile in (x=9.8 μm) yz plane after basic mode input.
Fig. 8 is present invention energy profile in (x=6.8 μm) yz plane after basic mode input.
Wherein Symbol explanation: 1 is input waveguide, and 11 be multimode waveguide, and 12,13,14 be basic mode output waveguide, 15,16,17
It is First-Order Mode output waveguide；120,130,140 be three single-mode output waveguide cores, and 150,160,170 be First-Order Mode output waveguide
Covering core, 110 be multimode waveguide core, and 10 be waveguide covering.
Specific embodiment
Embodiments of the present invention are described with reference to the accompanying drawings of the specification.
As shown in Figure 1, a kind of three dimensional pattern based on multiple-mode interfence coupling of the present invention converts beam splitter, including one is used for
It is serially connected in input waveguide 1, the output waveguide at multimode waveguide both ends from the multimode waveguide 11 of image and respectively, wherein the incoming wave
1 is led as singlemode input waveguide；The output waveguide includes the identical basic mode output waveguide of quantity and First-Order Mode output waveguide, output
The quantity of waveguide depends on imaging number N, and quantity takes 3 in the present invention, i.e., output waveguide include three basic mode output waveguides 12,
13,14 and three First-Order Mode output waveguides 15,16,17, but this hair is not limited to the quantity, it is equally applicable with other quantity.Pass through
Basic mode output waveguide 12,13,14 and First-Order Mode output waveguide 15,16,17 are on two different dimensions perpendicular to transmission direction
Multi-mode interference coupler is constructed respectively；When light is inputted by input waveguide, multimode waveguide area perpendicular to two of transmission direction not
With multiple-mode interfence coupling is constructed in dimension respectively, implementation pattern conversion is exported with after beam splitting by basic mode output waveguide and First-Order Mode
Waveguide exports basic mode and First-Order Mode respectively.
Described two groups are respectively used to the single mode waveguide output and input and constitute the most basic structure list of multi-mode interference coupler
Member, the single mode waveguide number of input and output side are respectively M and N, and wherein M takes 1, and N is also corresponding from imaging number.Due to output
First-Order Mode and basic mode, and the output waveguide of First-Order Mode is merged by two single mode waveguides, it can be according to incoming signal light
Wavelength X, input position Xin, multimode waveguide core refractive index nr, waveguide cladding index nc, multimode waveguide width WMMI, output end
The parameters such as number N are imaged, the imaging characteristic of multimode waveguide can be analyzed, by multiple-mode interfence from image-forming principle calculate from
And obtain the imaging position of each picture of output end and the length L of required multimode waveguide.Two dimension and the main distinction of three-dimensional MMI are
In the structure of multimode waveguide, i.e., two dimension MMI can accommodate multiple modes on perpendicular to the multimode waveguide width on the direction of propagation,
But single mode can only be accommodated on multimode waveguide thickness, and the multimode waveguide thickness of three-dimensional MMI also can allow for multiple modes
Presence.Preferably, the waveguide material of heretofore described three dimensional pattern conversion beam splitter uses polymer material, such as input and
Output waveguide sandwich layer, multimode waveguide sandwich layer and waveguide covering all use polymer material, but the present invention is not limited to this kind of materials.
The present invention is to can be regarded as two based on the self-imaging effect in three-dimensional MMI and be mutually perpendicular to and independent two dimension
The superposition of MMI self-imaging effect, therefore, the design of three dimensional pattern conversion beam splitter can be expanded by two-dimensional model converter.
General two-dimensional model converter is that the basic mode light field of input is converted to basic mode and First-Order Mode light using the self-imaging effect of MMI
Field exports respectively.Imaging number N is taken as 3 in this device, wherein the output waveguide of two-way is snugly into each other, to form single order
The output of mould light field, and another output waveguide still exports basic mode light field.Therefore, theoretically, the single order of two-dimensional model converter
Mould light field output power is twice of basic mode light field output power.The length of multimode waveguide and width are respectively defined as L at this timeMMI
And WMMI.On the basis of two-dimensional model converts beam splitter, is expanded on MMI thickness direction and realize beam splitting function, and then can realized
Beam splitting converts beam splitter with the three dimensional pattern that mode conversion combines, and the thickness of multimode waveguide defines H at this timeMMI。
Preferably, all basic mode output waves 12,13,14 lead the straight line being respectively positioned on perpendicular to transmission direction
On and all First-Order Mode output waveguides 15,16,17 be respectively positioned on the another straight line perpendicular to transmission direction, and it is described
Two straight line parallels.After light is inputted by input waveguide 1, by the multimode waveguide 11 of multi-mode interference coupler, in the horizontal direction on x
It is exported again by conversion and beam splitting that multiple-mode interfence self-imaging realizes basic mode to First-Order Mode, by more on vertical direction y
Mode interference self-imaging realizes the output light beam splitting of different mode, realizes 1 point of 3 beam splitting.Finally, basement membrane output waveguide 12,
13,14 three basic modes of output export First-Order Mode in First-Order Mode output waveguide 15,16,17.
Fig. 2 (a) is that three dimensional pattern of the present invention converts the distribution of beam splitter input port.Fig. 2 (b) turns for three dimensional pattern of the present invention
Change splitter output port distribution.In two figures, multimode waveguide core 110 is enclosed in waveguide covering 10；Perpendicular to the direction of propagation
X/y plane on, input waveguide core 100 is located at centre with 110 input end face of multimode waveguide core on vertical direction y, in level
It is located at the side with multimode waveguide core 110 on the x of direction.The position one on x in the horizontal direction of basic mode output waveguide core 120,130,140
It causes, wherein output waveguide core 130 is identical as 100 position of input waveguide core on vertical direction y；First-Order Mode output waveguide core 150,
160,170 also position consistencies on x in the horizontal direction, wherein output waveguide core 120 and output waveguide core 150 are on vertical direction y
Position is identical, and the position on vertical direction y is identical with output waveguide core 160 for output waveguide core 130, output waveguide core 140 with it is defeated
The position on vertical direction y of waveguide 170 is identical out.And when the input waveguide core 100 of three dimensional pattern conversion beam splitting is in multimode waveguide
When core 110 inputs the section other side, input port and output port distribution are symmetric with Fig. 2 (a) and Fig. 2 (b).
The present invention provides an embodiment:
Beam splitter is converted using the three dimensional pattern being made of polymer material, input port and output port coordinate are by scheming
3 and embodiment illustrated in fig. 4.In the present embodiment, when the wavelength X of input light is 1550nm, multimode waveguide core refractive index nr=
1.48, waveguide cladding index nc=1.45.Set singlemode input waveguide width WinAnd single-mode output duct width Wout1For
3.2 μm, First-Order Mode output waveguide width Wout2=2 × WinIt=6.4 μm, is obtained by the imaging number N=3 on multimode waveguide width
To multimode waveguide width WMMI=50 μm, multimode waveguide length LMMI=3398.17 μm, by beam splitting number N on multimode waveguide thicknessH
=3 and obtain multimode waveguide thickness HMMI=31 μm.At this point, setting multimode waveguide core center as coordinate (0,0), singlemode input waveguide
Core centre coordinate is respectively (23.4,0), three single-mode output waveguide core centre coordinates be respectively (- 23.4,10), (- 23.4,
0), (23.4, -10), three First-Order Mode output waveguide core centre coordinates are respectively (8.3,10), (8.3,0), (8.3, -10).
Fig. 5, Fig. 6 give in xz plane (y=0, the i.e. plane along input waveguide core center), (x=- in yz plane
23.4 μm, the i.e. plane along output basic mode waveguide core center).It can be seen that when light is inputted by input waveguide 1, in multimode wave
It leads and carries out mode conversion and beam splitting in 11, and 3 basic modes after beam splitting are exported by output waveguide 12,13,14 respectively, Fig. 7 and Fig. 8
Give in yz plane, i.e., when x=9.8 μm and x=6.8 μm and the plane at parallel output First-Order Mode waveguide core center, energy
Amount distribution.It can be seen that when light by input waveguide 1 input when, in multimode waveguide 11 carry out mode conversion with after beam splitting defeated
The output of waveguide 15,16,17 out is three identical First-Order Modes.It is thus achieved that real simultaneously in single multi-mode interference coupler
Existing mode conversion and beam splitting function.
Therefore, the present invention by constructed respectively on two different dimensions perpendicular to transmission direction multi-mode interference coupler come
It realizes different beam splitting functions, the multi-mode interference coupler that one of direction and transmission direction are constituted is realized into a kind of beam splitting function
It can be such as 1 point of 3 beam splitting function；The multi-mode interference coupler that another direction and transmission direction are constituted is realized into another beam splitting function
That is mode conversion and beam splitting function；It is achieved in the three-dimensional beam splitter of mode conversion with beam splitting function multiplexing, multiplexing functions are three-dimensional
Beam splitter is only made of single multi-mode interference coupler, and mode conversion and beam splitting can be achieved at the same time.Structure of the invention is compact simultaneously
And mode multiplexing and beam splitting function are realized simultaneously, it efficiently solves the problems, such as to expand transmission capacity, to meet the next generation
The demand of Optical Communication Technology Development.
Embodiments of the present invention are explained in detail above in conjunction with attached drawing, but the present invention is not limited to above-mentioned implementations
Mode within the knowledge of a person skilled in the art can also be without departing from the purpose of the present invention
It makes a variety of changes.
Claims (5)
1. a kind of three dimensional pattern based on multiple-mode interfence coupling converts beam splitter, including multimode waveguide and is serially connected in multimode wave respectively
Lead input waveguide, the output waveguide at both ends, which is characterized in that the input waveguide is singlemode input waveguide；The output waveguide
Including the identical basic mode output waveguide of quantity and First-Order Mode output waveguide, and basic mode output waveguide and First-Order Mode output waveguide
Quantity is greater than 1；When light is inputted by input waveguide, in multimode waveguide perpendicular on two different dimensions of transmission direction distinguish structure
Multiple-mode interfence coupling is built, implementation pattern conversion exports base by basic mode output waveguide and First-Order Mode output waveguide with after beam splitting respectively
Mould and First-Order Mode.
2. the three dimensional pattern according to claim 1 based on multiple-mode interfence coupling converts beam splitter, it is characterised in that: the institute
Some basic mode output waveguides are respectively positioned on the straight line perpendicular to transmission direction and all First-Order Mode output waveguides are respectively positioned on
Perpendicular on the another straight line of transmission direction, and two straight line parallels.
3. the three dimensional pattern according to claim 1 based on multiple-mode interfence coupling converts beam splitter, it is characterised in that: described more
Input light is carried out mode conversion and beam splitting on a direction perpendicular to transmission direction by mould waveguide, and perpendicular to transmission side
To another direction on the output light of different mode is split respectively.
4. the three dimensional pattern according to claim 1 based on multiple-mode interfence coupling converts beam splitter, it is characterised in that: the base
The quantity of mould output waveguide and First-Order Mode output waveguide is 3.
5. the three dimensional pattern according to claim 1 based on multiple-mode interfence coupling converts beam splitter, it is characterised in that: described three
Dimensional pattern converts the waveguide material of beam splitter as polymer material.
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| CN111830628B (en) * | 2020-07-24 | 2022-06-28 | 联合微电子中心有限责任公司 | Coarse wavelength division multiplexer/demultiplexer and optical communication equipment |
| CN116243424B (en) * | 2023-05-09 | 2023-08-11 | 之江实验室 | Beam splitting mode converter, design method, preparation method and optical device thereof |
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| US6684011B2 (en) * | 2000-10-02 | 2004-01-27 | Electronics And Telecommunications Research Institute | Spot size converter and method of manufacturing the same |
| GB0201950D0 (en) * | 2002-01-29 | 2002-03-13 | Qinetiq Ltd | Multimode interference optical waveguide device |
| JP5715072B2 (en) * | 2012-01-24 | 2015-05-07 | 日本電信電話株式会社 | High-order mode planar lightwave circuit |
| CN102944913A (en) * | 2012-11-22 | 2013-02-27 | 中国科学院半导体研究所 | Optical beam splitter performing separation based on coupled mode |
| CN103345022B (en) * | 2013-07-03 | 2015-05-06 | 吉林大学 | Asymmetric planar optical waveguide mode multiplexing/demultiplexing device based on few-mode fibers |
| CN104914506B (en) * | 2015-06-23 | 2017-12-19 | 中国科学院半导体研究所 | InP-base mode division multiplexing/demultiplexer structure based on multi-mode interference coupler |
| JP6487805B2 (en) * | 2015-08-13 | 2019-03-20 | 日本電信電話株式会社 | Waveguide type mode converter |
| CN105759357B (en) * | 2016-05-13 | 2019-09-03 | 东南大学 | A kind of close-coupled mode step number converter based on slot type waveguide |
| CN106842422A (en) * | 2017-04-14 | 2017-06-13 | 吉林大学 | A kind of three-dimensional perpendicular coupling optical mode conversion isolation multiple device |
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