CN108184851A - 一种玉米种子包衣剂及其制备方法 - Google Patents
一种玉米种子包衣剂及其制备方法 Download PDFInfo
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- CN108184851A CN108184851A CN201810044348.9A CN201810044348A CN108184851A CN 108184851 A CN108184851 A CN 108184851A CN 201810044348 A CN201810044348 A CN 201810044348A CN 108184851 A CN108184851 A CN 108184851A
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Classifications
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- A01N43/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds
- A01N43/34—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having rings with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom
- A01N43/36—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having rings with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom five-membered rings
- A01N43/38—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having rings with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom five-membered rings condensed with carbocyclic rings
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
- A01C1/00—Apparatus, or methods of use thereof, for testing or treating seed, roots, or the like, prior to sowing or planting
- A01C1/06—Coating or dressing seed
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
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- A01N25/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators, characterised by their forms, or by their non-active ingredients or by their methods of application, e.g. seed treatment or sequential application; Substances for reducing the noxious effect of the active ingredients to organisms other than pests
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N25/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators, characterised by their forms, or by their non-active ingredients or by their methods of application, e.g. seed treatment or sequential application; Substances for reducing the noxious effect of the active ingredients to organisms other than pests
- A01N25/08—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators, characterised by their forms, or by their non-active ingredients or by their methods of application, e.g. seed treatment or sequential application; Substances for reducing the noxious effect of the active ingredients to organisms other than pests containing solids as carriers or diluents
- A01N25/10—Macromolecular compounds
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
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- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
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- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N37/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic compounds containing a carbon atom having three bonds to hetero atoms with at the most two bonds to halogen, e.g. carboxylic acids
- A01N37/36—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic compounds containing a carbon atom having three bonds to hetero atoms with at the most two bonds to halogen, e.g. carboxylic acids containing at least one carboxylic group or a thio analogue, or a derivative thereof, and a singly bound oxygen or sulfur atom attached to the same carbon skeleton, this oxygen or sulfur atom not being a member of a carboxylic group or of a thio analogue, or of a derivative thereof, e.g. hydroxy-carboxylic acids
- A01N37/38—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic compounds containing a carbon atom having three bonds to hetero atoms with at the most two bonds to halogen, e.g. carboxylic acids containing at least one carboxylic group or a thio analogue, or a derivative thereof, and a singly bound oxygen or sulfur atom attached to the same carbon skeleton, this oxygen or sulfur atom not being a member of a carboxylic group or of a thio analogue, or of a derivative thereof, e.g. hydroxy-carboxylic acids having at least one oxygen or sulfur atom attached to an aromatic ring system
- A01N37/40—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic compounds containing a carbon atom having three bonds to hetero atoms with at the most two bonds to halogen, e.g. carboxylic acids containing at least one carboxylic group or a thio analogue, or a derivative thereof, and a singly bound oxygen or sulfur atom attached to the same carbon skeleton, this oxygen or sulfur atom not being a member of a carboxylic group or of a thio analogue, or of a derivative thereof, e.g. hydroxy-carboxylic acids having at least one oxygen or sulfur atom attached to an aromatic ring system having at least one carboxylic group or a thio analogue, or a derivative thereof, and one oxygen or sulfur atom attached to the same aromatic ring system
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N43/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds
- A01N43/02—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having rings with one or more oxygen or sulfur atoms as the only ring hetero atoms
- A01N43/04—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having rings with one or more oxygen or sulfur atoms as the only ring hetero atoms with one hetero atom
- A01N43/06—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having rings with one or more oxygen or sulfur atoms as the only ring hetero atoms with one hetero atom five-membered rings
- A01N43/12—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having rings with one or more oxygen or sulfur atoms as the only ring hetero atoms with one hetero atom five-membered rings condensed with a carbocyclic ring
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N45/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators, containing compounds having three or more carbocyclic rings condensed among themselves, at least one ring not being a six-membered ring
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N59/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing elements or inorganic compounds
- A01N59/06—Aluminium; Calcium; Magnesium; Compounds thereof
Landscapes
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Dentistry (AREA)
- Plant Pathology (AREA)
- Pest Control & Pesticides (AREA)
- Zoology (AREA)
- Agronomy & Crop Science (AREA)
- Toxicology (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Soil Sciences (AREA)
- Cosmetics (AREA)
Abstract
本发明公开了一种玉米种子包衣剂及其制备方法,涉及种子包衣剂技术领域,包括以下份计的原料:内层包覆剂20~30份、填充剂35~45份、丸化剂15~20份、番茄红素乙醇水溶液10~15份和成膜剂10~15份。本发明可以有效提高玉米种子的萌发率和成活率。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及种子包衣剂技术领域,具体涉及一种玉米种子包衣剂及其制备方法。
背景技术
种子包衣剂是一种用于种子播前处理的、具有成膜特性的农药制剂。通常的种子包衣剂是由农药原药(杀虫剂、杀菌剂等)、成膜剂、润湿分散剂和其它助剂加工制成的,可直接或经稀释后包覆于种子表面,形成具有一定强度和通透性的保护膜的悬浮制剂。种子包衣剂于播种前按规定的种药比拌种包衣使用,可综合防治苗期病虫害,省药、省时、省工、省钱,有利于环境保护。
玉米是我国重要的粮食作物之一,播种面积仅次于水稻、小麦,位居第三位,产量约占 全国粮食总产量的25%,占粗粮总产量的90%。玉米是主要的饲料粮和工业原材料,在我国国民经济和人民生活中的地位日益重要。玉米种子包衣剂经推广应用已取得了显著的经济效益与社会效益,但在萌发率和成活率方面还有待进一步提高。
发明内容
本发明的目的是提供一种玉米种子包衣剂及其制备方法,可以有效提高玉米种子的萌发率和成活率。
本发明提供了如下的技术方案:一种玉米种子包衣剂,包括以下份计的原料:内层包覆剂20~30份、填充剂35~45份、丸化剂15~20份、番茄红素乙醇水溶液10~15份和成膜剂10~15份;
所述内层包覆剂包括以下份计的原料:保水剂10~15份、粘土5~8份和滑石粉5~8份;
所述填充剂包括以下份计的原料:聚天冬氨酸10~15份、聚谷氨酸10~15份、腐殖酸5~10份、粉煤灰5~10份、氟啶胺5~10份、水溶性壳聚糖4~6份、磷酸氢二钠4~6份、硫酸镁2~3份、粘合剂2~3份、植物生长调节剂2~3份和十二烷基硫酸钠2~3份;
所述丸化剂包括以下份计的原料:膨胀珍珠岩4~6份、丙烯酸树脂2~4份、羧甲基淀粉钠2~4份和聚乙烯醇2~4份。
优选地,包括以下份计的原料:内层包覆剂25份、填充剂40份、丸化剂17份、番茄红素乙醇水溶液13份和成膜剂13份;
所述内层包覆剂包括以下份计的原料:保水剂12份、粘土6份和滑石粉6份;
所述填充剂包括以下份计的原料:聚天冬氨酸13份、聚谷氨酸13份、腐殖酸7份、粉煤灰7份、氟啶胺7份、水溶性壳聚糖5份、磷酸氢二钠5份、硫酸镁2.5份、粘合剂2.5份和十二烷基硫酸钠2.5份;
所述丸化剂包括以下份计的原料:膨胀珍珠岩5份、丙烯酸树脂3份、羧甲基淀粉钠3份和聚乙烯醇3份。
优选地,所述粘合剂由乙醇溶液和乙基纤维素按照2~3:1的比例混合而成。
优选地,所述成膜剂包括以下份计的原料:聚乙烯基吡咯烷酮4~6份、海藻酸钠2~3份和乙二醇水溶液2~3份。
优选地,所述保水剂包括以下份计的原料:活性生物炭4~6份、丙烯酰胺4~6份、玉米淀粉2~3份、 硅藻土2~3份、N-乙烯基吡咯烷酮1~2份、过硫酸钾1~2份、壬基酚聚氧乙烯醚1~2份、乙二胺1~2份、石油醚0.6~0.8份和氢化蓖麻油0.4~0.6份。
优选地,所述保水剂包括以下份计的原料:活性生物炭5份、丙烯酰胺5份、玉米淀粉2.5份、 硅藻土2.5份、N-乙烯基吡咯烷酮1.5份、过硫酸钾1.5份、壬基酚聚氧乙烯醚1.5份、乙二胺1.5份、石油醚0.7份和氢化蓖麻油0.5份。
优选地,所述植物生长调节剂为3-吲哚丁酸、赤霉素、萘乙酸和水杨酸中的一种或几种。
本发明提供一种玉米种子包衣剂的制备方法,包括以下步骤:
(1)、取玉米种子,用水浸泡30~35h,沥水干燥,备用;
(2)、取步骤(1)得到的玉米种子,加入至内层包覆剂中,使玉米种子外部包裹内层包覆剂;
(3)、取步骤(2)得到的玉米种子,加入至填充剂中,填充剂包括于内层包覆剂,再喷洒番茄红素乙醇水溶液;
(4)、取步骤(3)得到的玉米种子风干3~5min,然后加入至丸化剂中,丸化剂包裹于填充剂外层,最后再向其表面喷洒成膜剂,将包衣后的玉米种子取出晒干、计量包装、存放在干燥处。
优选地,所述步骤(1)中用水浸泡玉米种子前,先进行除杂,并控制水的温度为18~25摄氏度。
本发明的有益效果:可以有效提高玉米种子的萌发率和成活率,具体如下:
(1)、本发明将丸化剂作为外层保护包覆其它原料,一方面,使外表疏松多孔,具有较大的表面积和电荷密度,从而使得玉米种子比土壤中的其它有机物质更能够吸持水分和营养元素;另一方面,丸化剂在水中不能溶解,但能吸水溶胀,随着吸水膨胀而孔道孔径变小、孔道变长、水分通过孔道的速度减慢,即水分通过包衣剂外层的速度减慢,起到控制水分进入的作用,丸化剂控制了种子与水分接触,控制种子萌发,当降雨量过小无法使玉米种子萌发成苗时,少量的水分透过丸化剂形成的外层保护后被包衣剂内部的原料吸收,不能与种子接触,使种子无法发芽;当雨量充沛的时候,大量的水分进入包衣剂内部的原料,保水剂吸收后大量水份后急剧膨胀,进而胀破丸化剂层,使得水与玉米种子接触,玉米种子吸水萌发成苗;
(2)、本发明填充剂中含有聚谷氨酸,能够改善种子生长的微环境,可促进种子发芽和幼苗的生长发育;本发明中含有保水剂,吸水速度快且环境友好,吸收水分后,可以起到储水、蓄水的作用,使得种子发芽具备正常含水量,防止玉米种子因缺水从而失活;填充剂中还含有粘合剂,由于保水剂遇水会迅速膨胀,形成粘稠状易粘粘,对包衣过程产生不利影响,降低单籽率和有籽率,为除去保水剂中的水分,包衣结束后需要烘干处理;本发明中粘合剂包括乙醇溶液和乙基纤维素,采用乙醇为溶剂,使得包衣过程中玉米种子之间不易粘连,包衣种子的单籽率高,不仅可以提高包衣效率,而且可以避免使用水作为溶液,导致保水剂吸水后膨胀、粘连,而且包衣种子干燥迅速,能够自然晾干,使得本发明的保水剂和填充剂中的粘合剂可以相互协效作用;
(3)、本发明的包衣剂与玉米种子有较好的生物相容性,不影响种子的正常呼吸以及发芽率;在丸化剂外层再包覆成膜助剂,使得本发明的包衣剂干燥成膜后,表面脱落率低,可以在土壤中缓慢释放原料成分,同时成膜助剂可以降低玉米种子的表皮破损率,提高了玉米种子的萌发率、成活率;
(4)、本发明在填充剂中添加硫酸镁,起到促进新陈代谢的作用;添加的磷酸氢二钠为提供磷和钠元素,参与光合作用,起到促进新陈代谢和生长发育的作用;填充剂的各原料相互增效,还可以提高玉米种子成长后的抗寒性和抗倒伏性,从而达到增产的效果;
(5)、本发明在填充剂层外部包覆番茄红素乙醇水溶液,不同于常用的包衣剂警戒色,将番茄红素作为天然色素溶于乙醇,不仅可以起到警示包衣程度的作用,而且还具有抗氧化性和调控细胞生长代谢。
具体实施方式
下面结合具体实施例,进一步阐述本发明。这些实施例仅用于说明本发明而不用于限制本发明的范围。
实施例1
一种玉米种子包衣剂,包括以下份计的原料:
内层包覆剂 20份;
填充剂 35份;
丸化剂 15份;
番茄红素乙醇水溶液 10份;
成膜剂 10份;
所述内层包覆剂包括以下份计的原料:保水剂10份、粘土5份和滑石粉5份;
所述填充剂包括以下份计的原料:聚天冬氨酸10份、聚谷氨酸10份、腐殖酸5份、粉煤灰5份、氟啶胺5份、水溶性壳聚糖4份、磷酸氢二钠4份、硫酸镁2份、粘合剂2份、植物生长调节剂2份和十二烷基硫酸钠2份;
所述丸化剂包括以下份计的原料:膨胀珍珠岩4份、丙烯酸树脂2份、羧甲基淀粉钠2份和聚乙烯醇2份。
其中,
所述粘合剂由乙醇溶液和乙基纤维素按照2:1的比例混合而成。
所述成膜剂包括以下份计的原料:聚乙烯基吡咯烷酮4份、海藻酸钠2份和乙二醇水溶液2~3份。
所述保水剂包括以下份计的原料:活性生物炭4份、丙烯酰胺4份、玉米淀粉2份、硅藻土2份、N-乙烯基吡咯烷酮1份、过硫酸钾1份、壬基酚聚氧乙烯醚1份、乙二胺1份、石油醚0.6份和氢化蓖麻油0.4份。
所述植物生长调节剂为3-吲哚丁酸。
本实施例还提供一种玉米种子包衣剂的制备方法,包括以下步骤:
(1)、取玉米种子,用水浸泡30h,沥水干燥,备用;
(2)、取步骤(1)得到的玉米种子,加入至内层包覆剂中,使玉米种子外部包裹内层包覆剂;
(3)、取步骤(2)得到的玉米种子,加入至填充剂中,填充剂包括于内层包覆剂,再喷洒番茄红素乙醇水溶液;
(4)、取步骤(3)得到的玉米种子风干3min,然后加入至丸化剂中,丸化剂包裹于填充剂外层,最后再向其表面喷洒成膜剂,将包衣后的玉米种子取出晒干、计量包装、存放在干燥处。
其中,所述步骤(1)中用水浸泡玉米种子前,先进行除杂,并控制水的温度为18摄氏度。
实施例2
一种玉米种子包衣剂,包括以下份计的原料:
内层包覆剂 30份;
填充剂 45份;
丸化剂 20份;
番茄红素乙醇水溶液 15份;
成膜剂 15份;
所述内层包覆剂包括以下份计的原料:保水剂15份、粘土8份和滑石粉8份;
所述填充剂包括以下份计的原料:聚天冬氨酸15份、聚谷氨酸15份、腐殖酸10份、粉煤灰10份、氟啶胺10份、水溶性壳聚糖6份、磷酸氢二钠6份、硫酸镁3份、粘合剂3份、植物生长调节剂3份和十二烷基硫酸钠3份;
所述丸化剂包括以下份计的原料:膨胀珍珠岩6份、丙烯酸树脂4份、羧甲基淀粉钠4份和聚乙烯醇4份。
其中,
所述粘合剂由乙醇溶液和乙基纤维素按照3:1的比例混合而成。
所述成膜剂包括以下份计的原料:聚乙烯基吡咯烷酮6份、海藻酸钠3份和乙二醇水溶液3份。
所述保水剂包括以下份计的原料:活性生物炭6份、丙烯酰胺6份、玉米淀粉3份、硅藻土3份、N-乙烯基吡咯烷酮2份、过硫酸钾2份、壬基酚聚氧乙烯醚2份、乙二胺2份、石油醚0.8份和氢化蓖麻油0.6份。
所述植物生长调节剂为赤霉素。
本实施例提供一种玉米种子包衣剂的制备方法,包括以下步骤:
(1)、取玉米种子,用水浸泡35h,沥水干燥,备用;
(2)、取步骤(1)得到的玉米种子,加入至内层包覆剂中,使玉米种子外部包裹内层包覆剂;
(3)、取步骤(2)得到的玉米种子,加入至填充剂中,填充剂包括于内层包覆剂,再喷洒番茄红素乙醇水溶液;
(4)、取步骤(3)得到的玉米种子风干5min,然后加入至丸化剂中,丸化剂包裹于填充剂外层,最后再向其表面喷洒成膜剂,将包衣后的玉米种子取出晒干、计量包装、存放在干燥处。
其中,所述步骤(1)中用水浸泡玉米种子前,先进行除杂,并控制水的温度为25摄氏度。
实施例3
一种玉米种子包衣剂,包括以下份计的原料:
内层包覆剂 25份;
填充剂 40份;
丸化剂 17份;
番茄红素乙醇水溶液 13份;
成膜剂 13份;
所述内层包覆剂包括以下份计的原料:保水剂12份、粘土6份和滑石粉6份;
所述填充剂包括以下份计的原料:聚天冬氨酸13份、聚谷氨酸13份、腐殖酸7份、粉煤灰7份、氟啶胺7份、水溶性壳聚糖5份、磷酸氢二钠5份、硫酸镁2.5份、粘合剂2.5份和十二烷基硫酸钠2.5份;
所述丸化剂包括以下份计的原料:膨胀珍珠岩5份、丙烯酸树脂3份、羧甲基淀粉钠3份和聚乙烯醇3份。
其中,
所述粘合剂由乙醇溶液和乙基纤维素按照2.5:1的比例混合而成。
所述成膜剂包括以下份计的原料:聚乙烯基吡咯烷酮45份、海藻酸钠2.5份和乙二醇水溶液2.5份。
所述保水剂包括以下份计的原料:活性生物炭5份、丙烯酰胺5份、玉米淀粉2.5份、硅藻土2.5份、N-乙烯基吡咯烷酮1.5份、过硫酸钾1.5份、壬基酚聚氧乙烯醚1.5份、乙二胺1.5份、石油醚0.7份和氢化蓖麻油0.5份。
所述植物生长调节剂为萘乙酸。
本实施例提供一种玉米种子包衣剂的制备方法,包括以下步骤:
(1)、取玉米种子,用水浸泡32h,沥水干燥,备用;
(2)、取步骤(1)得到的玉米种子,加入至内层包覆剂中,使玉米种子外部包裹内层包覆剂;
(3)、取步骤(2)得到的玉米种子,加入至填充剂中,填充剂包括于内层包覆剂,再喷洒番茄红素乙醇水溶液;
(4)、取步骤(3)得到的玉米种子风干4min,然后加入至丸化剂中,丸化剂包裹于填充剂外层,最后再向其表面喷洒成膜剂,将包衣后的玉米种子取出晒干、计量包装、存放在干燥处。
其中,所述步骤(1)中用水浸泡玉米种子前,先进行除杂,并控制水的温度为22摄氏度。
参照前述实施例对本发明进行了详细的说明,对于本领域的技术人员来说,其依然可以对前述各实施例所记载的技术方案进行修改,或者对其中部分技术特征进行等同替换。凡在本发明的精神和原则之内,所作的任何修改、等同替换、改进等,均应包含在本发明的保护范围之内。
Claims (9)
1.一种玉米种子包衣剂,其特征在于,包括以下份计的原料:内层包覆剂20~30份、填充剂35~45份、丸化剂15~20份、番茄红素乙醇水溶液10~15份和成膜剂10~15份;
所述内层包覆剂包括以下份计的原料:保水剂10~15份、粘土5~8份和滑石粉5~8份;
所述填充剂包括以下份计的原料:聚天冬氨酸10~15份、聚谷氨酸10~15份、腐殖酸5~10份、粉煤灰5~10份、氟啶胺5~10份、水溶性壳聚糖4~6份、磷酸氢二钠4~6份、硫酸镁2~3份、粘合剂2~3份、植物生长调节剂2~3份和十二烷基硫酸钠2~3份;
所述丸化剂包括以下份计的原料:膨胀珍珠岩4~6份、丙烯酸树脂2~4份、羧甲基淀粉钠2~4份和聚乙烯醇2~4份。
2.根据权利要求1所述的玉米种子包衣剂,其特征在于,包括以下份计的原料:内层包覆剂25份、填充剂40份、丸化剂17份、番茄红素乙醇水溶液13份和成膜剂13份;
所述内层包覆剂包括以下份计的原料:保水剂12份、粘土6份和滑石粉6份;
所述填充剂包括以下份计的原料:聚天冬氨酸13份、聚谷氨酸13份、腐殖酸7份、粉煤灰7份、氟啶胺7份、水溶性壳聚糖5份、磷酸氢二钠5份、硫酸镁2.5份、粘合剂2.5份和十二烷基硫酸钠2.5份;
所述丸化剂包括以下份计的原料:膨胀珍珠岩5份、丙烯酸树脂3份、羧甲基淀粉钠3份和聚乙烯醇3份。
3.根据权利要求1所述的玉米种子包衣剂,其特征在于,所述粘合剂由乙醇溶液和乙基纤维素按照2~3:1的比例混合而成。
4.根据权利要求1所述的玉米种子包衣剂,其特征在于,所述成膜剂包括以下份计的原料:聚乙烯基吡咯烷酮4~6份、海藻酸钠2~3份和乙二醇水溶液2~3份。
5.根据权利要求1所述的玉米种子包衣剂,其特征在于,所述保水剂包括以下份计的原料:活性生物炭4~6份、丙烯酰胺4~6份、玉米淀粉2~3份、 硅藻土2~3份、N-乙烯基吡咯烷酮1~2份、过硫酸钾1~2份、壬基酚聚氧乙烯醚1~2份、乙二胺1~2份、石油醚0.6~0.8份和氢化蓖麻油0.4~0.6份。
6.根据权利要求1所述的玉米种子包衣剂,其特征在于,所述保水剂包括以下份计的原料:活性生物炭5份、丙烯酰胺5份、玉米淀粉2.5份、 硅藻土2.5份、N-乙烯基吡咯烷酮1.5份、过硫酸钾1.5份、壬基酚聚氧乙烯醚1.5份、乙二胺1.5份、石油醚0.7份和氢化蓖麻油0.5份。
7.根据权利要求1所述的玉米种子包衣剂,其特征在于,所述植物生长调节剂为3-吲哚丁酸、赤霉素、萘乙酸和水杨酸中的一种或几种。
8.一种根据权利要求1~7任一所述的玉米种子包衣剂的制备方法,其特征在于,包括以下步骤:
(1)、取玉米种子,用水浸泡30~35h,沥水干燥,备用;
(2)、取步骤(1)得到的玉米种子,加入至内层包覆剂中,使玉米种子外部包裹内层包覆剂;
(3)、取步骤(2)得到的玉米种子,加入至填充剂中,填充剂包括于内层包覆剂,再喷洒番茄红素乙醇水溶液;
(4)、取步骤(3)得到的玉米种子风干3~5min,然后加入至丸化剂中,丸化剂包裹于填充剂外层,最后再向其表面喷洒成膜剂,将包衣后的玉米种子取出晒干、计量包装、存放在干燥处。
9.根据权利要求8所述的玉米种子包衣剂的制备方法,其特征在于,所述步骤(1)中用水浸泡玉米种子前,先进行除杂,并控制水的温度为18~25摄氏度。
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