CN108166273B - 一种用于涤纶纤维的分散均染剂及其制备方法 - Google Patents

一种用于涤纶纤维的分散均染剂及其制备方法 Download PDF

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CN108166273B
CN108166273B CN201810018327.XA CN201810018327A CN108166273B CN 108166273 B CN108166273 B CN 108166273B CN 201810018327 A CN201810018327 A CN 201810018327A CN 108166273 B CN108166273 B CN 108166273B
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盛连波
贺雯
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Suzhou Vimin Chemical Industry Co ltd
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Abstract

本发明公开了一种用于涤纶纤维的分散均染剂。分散均染剂包括以下原料：水性溶剂、非离子表面活性剂、阴离子表面活性剂和增塑剂，所述增塑剂为有机物。本发明的分散均染剂制备方法简单。制备得到的分散均染剂用于分散染料中，使得分散染料分散性好；同时提高了分散染料的上色速度，改善了涤纶纤维染色容易出现色花，色点等染色不均的问题，改善了染色缸差的问题。

Description

一种用于涤纶纤维的分散均染剂及其制备方法
技术领域
本发明涉及一种用于涤纶纤维的分散均染剂及其制备方法，属于织物印染技术领域。
背景技术
分散均染剂由于可以改善涤纶高温高压染色过程中容易产生的染色不均，染料凝结等问题而被广泛应用。均染剂在染色过程中，经历着染料的溶解、染料粒子在染液中的扩散、在织物纤维上的吸附、在纤维中的扩散以及染料与纤维的键合等过程。涤纶超细纤维染色容易出现色花，色点等染色颜色不均的问题，染色缸差的问题。选择合适的均染剂至关重要。
发明内容
为了克服现有技术的不足，本发明提供了一种用于涤纶纤维的分散均染剂及其制备方法。
本发明是通过以下技术方案来实现的：
一种用于涤纶纤维的分散均染剂，包括以下原料：水性溶剂、非离子表面活性剂、阴离子表面活性剂和增塑剂，所述增塑剂为有机物。
所述的一种用于涤纶纤维的分散均染剂，所述各原料的重量份数分别为：水性溶剂500-600份、非离子表面活性剂100-150份、阴离子表面活性剂50-100份和增塑剂150-350份。
所述的一种用于涤纶纤维的分散均染剂，所述水性溶剂为水、异丙醇或山梨醇中的一种或几种。
所述的一种用于涤纶纤维的分散均染剂，所述非离子表面活性剂为苯乙烯苯酚聚氧乙烯醚、蓖麻油聚氧乙烯醚或聚乙二醇脂肪酸酯中的一种或几种。
所述的一种用于涤纶纤维的分散均染剂，所述阴离子表面活性剂为苯乙烯苯酚聚氧乙烯硫酸酯盐、聚萘甲醛磺酸钠盐、月桂基聚氧乙烯醚硫酸铵或木质素磺酸钠。
所述的一种用于涤纶纤维的分散均染剂，所述增塑剂为安息香酸苯基、N-烷基邻苯二甲酰亚胺、二丙二醇苯甲酸酯或苯基水杨酸。
所述的一种用于涤纶纤维的分散均染剂的制备方法，将非离子表面活性剂、阴离子表面活性剂和增塑剂依次加入反应釜中，加热至80℃，充分搅拌后，加入水性溶剂，搅拌均匀后，冷却至室温，得到成品。
本发明所达到的有益效果：
本发明的分散均染剂制备方法简单。
制备得到的分散均染剂用于分散染料中，使得分散染料分散性好；同时提高了分散染料的上色速度，改善了涤纶纤维染色容易出现色花，色点等染色不均的问题，改善了染色缸差的问题。
附图说明
图1是Dye-o-Meter试验的结果示意图。
具体实施方式
下面结合实施例对本发明作进一步描述。以下实施例仅用于更加清楚地说明本发明的技术方案，而不能以此来限制本发明的保护范围。
实施例1
一种用于涤纶纤维的分散均染剂，包括以下重量份数的原料：水500份、苯乙烯苯酚聚氧乙烯醚100份、月桂基聚氧乙烯醚硫酸铵100份和N-烷基邻苯二甲酰亚胺350份。
所述的一种用于涤纶纤维的分散均染剂的制备方法，将苯乙烯苯酚聚氧乙烯醚、月桂基聚氧乙烯醚硫酸铵和N-烷基邻苯二甲酰亚胺依次加入反应釜中，加热至80℃，充分搅拌后，加入水，搅拌均匀后，冷却至室温，得到成品。
所述的一种用于涤纶纤维的分散均染剂的使用方法：在染色工作液中添加1-3g/L。
水作为溶剂可以分散其余几种原料，可以使分散均染剂在通常的情况下，具有较好的稳定性，同时可以较为简单的可以加入到染色的工作液中。
苯乙烯苯酚聚氧乙烯醚对涤纶纤维有一定的亲和作用，同时对分散染料有增溶作用，通过对染料的增溶作用，使染料暂溶解于分散均染剂中，达到初期缓染的效果，通过对涤纶纤维的亲和作用，控制染料在染浴中和纤维中的溶解平衡，使部分染料可以在纤维和染液中移动，在高温条件下，达到均染的效果。
月桂基聚氧乙烯醚硫酸铵在染色过程中，作用的范围为整个染色液，其中疏水基团可以和染料颗粒以范德华力结合，在染料周围形成较强的电荷层，减少染料粒子在水中凝聚的情况，达成分散效果，其分散效果主要受磺化度影响，并在不同温度区间表现出不同的分散效果。
N-烷基邻苯二甲酰亚胺在染色过程中，首先可以降低涤纶纤维的Tg 点，使涤纶的开纤温度显著降低，促进染色的均匀性，同时N-烷基邻苯二甲酰亚胺对分散染料具有极强的增溶作用，显著提高了分散染料在工作液中的溶解度，N-烷基邻苯二甲酰亚胺对涤纶纤维染色动力学参数有显著的影响，提高染色速率、缩短半染时间、提高扩散系数、饱和吸附量和分配系数，但是不会改变涤纶纤维的吸附等温线类型，仍属于Nernst 分配型。
实施例2
一种用于涤纶纤维的分散均染剂，包括以下重量份数的原料：异丙醇600份、蓖麻油聚氧乙烯醚150份、苯乙烯苯酚聚氧乙烯硫酸酯盐50份和安息香酸苯基150份。
所述的一种用于涤纶纤维的分散均染剂的制备方法，将蓖麻油聚氧乙烯醚、苯乙烯苯酚聚氧乙烯硫酸酯盐和安息香酸苯基依次加入反应釜中，加热至80℃，充分搅拌后，加入异丙醇，搅拌均匀后，冷却至室温，得到成品。
所述的一种用于涤纶纤维的分散均染剂的使用方法：在染色工作液中添加1-3g/L。
实施例3
一种用于涤纶纤维的分散均染剂，包括以下重量份数的原料：山梨醇580份、聚乙二醇脂肪酸酯120份、木质素磺酸钠80份和二丙二醇苯甲酸酯200份。
所述的一种用于涤纶纤维的分散均染剂的制备方法，将聚乙二醇脂肪酸酯、木质素磺酸钠和二丙二醇苯甲酸酯依次加入反应釜中，加热至80℃，充分搅拌后，加入山梨醇，搅拌均匀后，冷却至室温，得到成品。
所述的一种用于涤纶纤维的分散均染剂的使用方法：在染色工作液中添加1-3g/L。
实施例4
一种用于涤纶纤维的分散均染剂，包括以下重量份数的原料：异丙醇540份、聚乙二醇脂肪酸酯130份、聚萘甲醛磺酸钠盐60份和苯基水杨酸300份。
所述的一种用于涤纶纤维的分散均染剂的制备方法，将聚乙二醇脂肪酸酯、聚萘甲醛磺酸钠盐和苯基水杨酸依次加入反应釜中，加热至80℃，充分搅拌后，加入异丙醇，搅拌均匀后，冷却至室温，得到成品。
所述的一种用于涤纶纤维的分散均染剂的使用方法：在染色工作液中添加1-3g/L。
实施例5
一种用于涤纶纤维的分散均染剂，包括以下重量份数的原料：水200份、异丙醇350份、苯乙烯苯酚聚氧乙烯醚40份、聚乙二醇脂肪酸酯70份、木质素磺酸钠70份和N-烷基邻苯二甲酰亚胺180份。
所述的一种用于涤纶纤维的分散均染剂的制备方法，将苯乙烯苯酚聚氧乙烯醚、聚乙二醇脂肪酸酯、木质素磺酸钠和N-烷基邻苯二甲酰亚胺依次加入反应釜中，加热至80℃，充分搅拌后，加入水和异丙醇，搅拌均匀后，冷却至室温，得到成品。
所述的一种用于涤纶纤维的分散均染剂的使用方法：在染色工作液中添加1-3g/L。
对比例
一种用于涤纶纤维的分散均染剂，包括以下重量份数的原料：水400份、苯乙烯苯酚聚氧乙烯醚80份、月桂基聚氧乙烯醚硫酸铵80份和N-烷基邻苯二甲酰亚胺100份。
所述的一种用于涤纶纤维的分散均染剂的制备方法，将非离子表面活性剂、阴离子表面活性剂和增塑剂依次加入反应釜中，加热至80℃，充分搅拌后，加入水性溶剂，搅拌均匀后，冷却至室温，得到成品。
工厂在考核分散均染剂的高温分散性，Dye-O-Meter试验是较为合适的试验方法。
将各实施例和对比例进行Dye-o-Meter试验检测：
被染物：涤纶纱 约10g
装填密度：0.31 g/cm3
分散均染剂： 1g/L
分散Blue 79 0.5 g/L
冰醋酸调整 pH 4.5
液量 1000 ml
评价标准：流速下降较慢，过滤出凝结物较少的，高温分散性较好。
结果见下表：
本试验使用涤纶纱以适当的填充密度于石英管中，使用分散性较差的分散Blue79，在分散均染剂存在的情况下，观测在整个升温染色的过程中，整个染液的流动速度，以及染料在涤纶纱上集聚的情况，最后降温后查看染料在涤纶纱上集聚情况。
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE001
注：○ 表示完全没有染料凝结，分散性好；△表示有少量染料凝结，分散性一般；×表示有大量染料凝结，分散性差。
以上所述仅是本发明的优选实施方式，应当指出，对于本技术领域的普通技术人员来说，在不脱离本发明技术原理的前提下，还可以做出若干改进和变形，这些改进和变形也应视为本发明的保护范围。

Claims (2)

1.一种用于涤纶纤维的分散均染剂，其特征是，包括以下原料：水500份、苯乙烯苯酚聚氧乙烯醚100份、月桂基聚氧乙烯醚硫酸铵100份和N-烷基邻苯二甲酰亚胺350份。
2.根据权利要求1所述的一种用于涤纶纤维的分散均染剂的制备方法，其特征是，将苯乙烯苯酚聚氧乙烯醚、月桂基聚氧乙烯醚硫酸铵和N-烷基邻苯二甲酰亚胺依次加入反应釜中，加热至80℃，充分搅拌后，加入水，搅拌均匀后，冷却至室温，得到成品。
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