CN108147782A - 烧结煤矸石空心砖及其生产方法 - Google Patents
烧结煤矸石空心砖及其生产方法 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN108147782A CN108147782A CN201711421681.9A CN201711421681A CN108147782A CN 108147782 A CN108147782 A CN 108147782A CN 201711421681 A CN201711421681 A CN 201711421681A CN 108147782 A CN108147782 A CN 108147782A
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- Prior art keywords
- parts
- slag
- acid
- hollow brick
- coal gangue
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
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- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 18
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- 239000004571 lime Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 14
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- ZOXJGFHDIHLPTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Boron Chemical compound [B] ZOXJGFHDIHLPTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 11
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Classifications
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- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B33/00—Clay-wares
- C04B33/02—Preparing or treating the raw materials individually or as batches
- C04B33/13—Compounding ingredients
- C04B33/132—Waste materials; Refuse; Residues
- C04B33/1324—Recycled material, e.g. tile dust, stone waste, spent refractory material
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- C04B33/00—Clay-wares
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- C04B33/13—Compounding ingredients
- C04B33/132—Waste materials; Refuse; Residues
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
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- C04B33/1321—Waste slurries, e.g. harbour sludge, industrial muds
- C04B33/1322—Red mud
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
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- C04B33/13—Compounding ingredients
- C04B33/132—Waste materials; Refuse; Residues
- C04B33/138—Waste materials; Refuse; Residues from metallurgical processes, e.g. slag, furnace dust, galvanic waste
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
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- C04B2235/00—Aspects relating to ceramic starting mixtures or sintered ceramic products
- C04B2235/02—Composition of constituents of the starting material or of secondary phases of the final product
- C04B2235/30—Constituents and secondary phases not being of a fibrous nature
- C04B2235/32—Metal oxides, mixed metal oxides, or oxide-forming salts thereof, e.g. carbonates, nitrates, (oxy)hydroxides, chlorides
- C04B2235/3201—Alkali metal oxides or oxide-forming salts thereof
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
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- C04B2235/00—Aspects relating to ceramic starting mixtures or sintered ceramic products
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- C04B2235/32—Metal oxides, mixed metal oxides, or oxide-forming salts thereof, e.g. carbonates, nitrates, (oxy)hydroxides, chlorides
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- C04B2235/3206—Magnesium oxides or oxide-forming salts thereof
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种烧结煤矸石空心砖及其生产方法，由下列重量份数的原料制备而成：煤矸石50‑80份、电石泥20‑35份、白灰渣10‑20份、矿污泥20‑25份、赤泥100‑120份、黏土30‑50份、膨润土10‑12份、氧化锆1‑5份、氧化铝1‑3份、硼泥4‑6份、增硬改性剂5‑10份、棕榈皮5‑8份、氢氧化铝2‑3份、碳酸钠1‑2份、高炉渣3‑5份、耐酸助剂5‑8份、水适量。本发明通过选择合理的原料和配比，以及科学的加工步骤，使得制成的煤矸石空心砖硬度高，耐酸性强，相比较市面上的普通砖块优势显著。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及建材加工技术领域，尤其涉及烧结煤矸石空心砖及其生产方法。
背景技术
煤矸石砖的主要成分是煤矸石。煤矸石是在成煤过程中与煤共同沉积的有机化合物和无机化合物混合在一起的岩石，通常呈薄层，在煤层中或煤层顶、煤层底，是在煤矿建设和煤炭采掘、洗选加工过程中产生的数量较大的矿山固态排弃物。其主要成分是Al2O3、SiO2，另外还含有数量不等的Fe2O3、CaO、MgO、Na2O、K2O、P2O5、SO3和微量稀有元素(镓、钒、钛、钴)。煤矸石按主要矿物含量分为黏土岩类、砂石岩类、碳酸盐类、铝质岩类；按来源及最终状态，煤矸石可分为掘进矸石、选煤矸石和自然矸石三大类。煤矸石排放量根据煤层条件、开采条件和洗选工艺的不同有较大差异，一般掘进矸石占原煤产量的10％左右，选煤矸石占入选原煤量的12％～18％。
煤矸石砖的生产成本较普通粘土砖低，煤矸石砖的强度较普通黏土砖高，利用煤矸石制砖不仅节约了土地，还消耗了矿山的废料，它是一项有利于环保的低碳建筑材料。随着改革开放政策的不断深化，市场经济的不断发展，城市建设飞速发展，各类市政工程，公用设施，高层建筑，民用建筑，安居工程拔地而起，将需要大量新型墙体材料，煤矸石砖便是主要的新墙体材料，虽然煤矸石砖的硬度是普通黏土砖两倍左右，但是在实际的城市建设中，某些建筑对承重墙体硬度的要求越来越高，因此，普通煤矸石砖的硬度以及耐酸性已不能满足实际需求。
发明内容
本发明所要解决的技术问题在于提供一种烧结煤矸石空心砖及其生产方法。
本发明所要解决的技术问题采用以下技术方案来实现：
烧结煤矸石空心砖，由下列重量份数的原料制备而成：煤矸石50-80份、电石泥20-35份、白灰渣10-20份、矿污泥20-25份、赤泥100-120份、黏土30-50份、膨润土10-12份、氧化锆1-5份、氧化铝1-3份、硼泥4-6份、增硬改性剂5-10份、棕榈皮5-8份、氢氧化铝2-3份、碳酸钠1-2份、高炉渣3-5份、耐酸助剂5-8份、水适量。
进一步地，各原料的优选重量份数为：煤矸石70份、电石泥25份、白灰渣12份、矿污泥22份、赤泥115份、黏土45份、膨润土11份、氧化锆3份、氧化铝2份、硼泥5份、增硬改性剂8份、棕榈皮6份、氢氧化铝2.5份、碳酸钠1份、高炉渣4份、耐酸助剂7份、水适量。
进一步地，所述增硬改性剂由以下重量份的原料制备而成：硫铁矿烧渣2-5份、聚丙烯纤维5-8份、萘系减水剂0.2-0.5份、脱硫石膏1-1.5份、双氰氨渣2-4份、竹炭5-9份、偏硅酸钠1-1.5份、钢渣1-1.2份、锰渣0.5-0.8份、硬脂酸0.2-0.4份、镁铝尖晶石10-15份、硅溶胶6-9份、硝酸纤维素0.8-1份、紫砂矿土10-14份、水适量。
进一步地，所述增硬改性剂的制作步骤为：首先将硫铁矿烧渣、聚丙烯纤维、脱硫石膏、双氰氨渣、竹炭、钢渣、锰渣、镁铝尖晶石、紫砂矿土混合后粉碎制末，然后加水混合，搅拌1-2小时得到混合均匀的粘稠物，再加入萘系减水剂、偏硅酸钠、硬脂酸、硅溶胶、硝酸纤维素，混合后加热至60-75℃，边加热边搅拌20-25分钟，然后保温20-30分钟，最后将混合物通入喷雾干燥设备中干燥即可。
进一步地，所述增硬改性剂的原料配比优选为：硫铁矿烧渣4.5份、聚丙烯纤维6.5份、萘系减水剂0.4份、脱硫石膏1.2份、双氰氨渣3.2份、竹炭7.3份、偏硅酸钠1.3份、钢渣1份、锰渣0.6份、硬脂酸0.3份、镁铝尖晶石12.5份、硅溶胶7.8份、硝酸纤维素0.9份、紫砂矿土11.8份、水适量。
进一步地，所述耐酸助剂由以下重量份数的组分组成：丙酸钙16-20份、木粉14-18份、癸二酸二丁酯12-16份、二盐基邻苯二甲酸铅18-22份、胺菊酯14-18份、丁醚脲12-16份、蓖麻油酸聚氧丙烯酯12-16份、三碱式硫酸铅12-16份、硼酸锌14-18份、甲苯二异氰酸酯12-16份、二甲基甲酰胺14-18份、二异氰酸酯12-16份、甲酸香茅酯18-22份、三乙烯四胺12-16份、高光钡14-18份、重晶石粉18-22份、过氧化苯甲酰叔丁酯14-18份、锆英粉14-18份、氯铂酸12-16份、双乙酸钠14-18份、氰虫酰胺14-18份、噻嗪酮14-18份。
本发明还公开了生产上述烧结煤矸石空心砖的方法，由以下具体步骤制得：
1)将煤矸石、白灰渣、棕榈皮、高炉渣输送至原料加工厂房，经粉碎机粉碎，然后利用滚筒筛或振动筛筛选，获得粉末状合格物料；
2)然后将煤矸石、电石泥、白灰渣、矿污泥、黏土、膨润土、氧化锆、氧化铝、硼泥、棕榈皮、氢氧化铝、碳酸钠和高炉渣混合均匀，均匀后继续搅拌50-60分钟；
3)再将赤泥、增硬改性剂、耐酸助剂和第二步骤所得的混合物混合，混合的同时，加入适量水搅拌至形成膏状物，形成膏状物后再继续搅拌20-30分钟，然后通过陈化仓陈化；
4)将第三步骤所得的混合物再次搅拌30-40分钟后制作砖坯；
5)再将砖坯送入烘干室进行烘干，接着将烘干的砖坯送至隧道窑内烧结，烧结时先预热、然后高温烧结，然后低温收尾，得到本发明的成品煤矸石空心砖。
本发明的有益效果：本发明通过选择合理的原料和配比，以及科学的加工步骤，使得制成的煤矸石空心砖硬度高，耐酸性强，相比较市面上的普通砖块优势显著。
具体实施方式
为了使本发明实现的技术手段、创作特征、达成目的与功效易于明白了解，下面结合具体实施例，进一步阐述本发明。
实施例1
烧结煤矸石空心砖，由下列重量份数的原料制备而成：煤矸石70份、电石泥25份、白灰渣12份、矿污泥22份、赤泥115份、黏土45份、膨润土11份、氧化锆3份、氧化铝2份、硼泥5份、增硬改性剂8份、棕榈皮6份、氢氧化铝2.5份、碳酸钠1份、高炉渣4份、耐酸助剂7份、水适量。
实施例2
烧结煤矸石空心砖，由下列重量份数的原料制备而成：煤矸石50份、电石泥32份、白灰渣17份、矿污泥22份、赤泥115份、黏土45份、膨润土11份、氧化锆4份、氧化铝2份、硼泥5份、增硬改性剂9份、棕榈皮8份、氢氧化铝3份、碳酸钠2份、高炉渣3份、耐酸助剂5份、水适量。
实施例3
烧结煤矸石空心砖，由下列重量份数的原料制备而成：煤矸石80份、电石泥22份、白灰渣12份、矿污泥22份、赤泥100份、黏土32份、膨润土11份、氧化锆2份、氧化铝1份、硼泥4份、增硬改性剂6份、棕榈皮6份、氢氧化铝3份、碳酸钠1份、高炉渣3份、耐酸助剂6份、水适量。
实施例4
生产上述烧结煤矸石空心砖的方法，由以下具体步骤制得：
1)将煤矸石、白灰渣、棕榈皮、高炉渣输送至原料加工厂房，经粉碎机粉碎，然后利用滚筒筛或振动筛筛选，获得粉末状合格物料；
2)然后将煤矸石、电石泥、白灰渣、矿污泥、黏土、膨润土、氧化锆、氧化铝、硼泥、棕榈皮、氢氧化铝、碳酸钠和高炉渣混合均匀，均匀后继续搅拌50-60分钟；
3)再将赤泥、增硬改性剂、耐酸助剂和第二步骤所得的混合物混合，混合的同时，加入适量水搅拌至形成膏状物，形成膏状物后再继续搅拌20-30分钟，然后通过陈化仓陈化；
4)将第三步骤所得的混合物再次搅拌30-40分钟后制作砖坯；
5)再将砖坯送入烘干室进行烘干，接着将烘干的砖坯送至隧道窑内烧结，烧结时先预热、然后高温烧结，然后低温收尾，得到本发明的成品煤矸石空心砖。
在上述实施例中，所述增硬改性剂由以下重量份的原料制备而成：硫铁矿烧渣4.5份、聚丙烯纤维6.5份、萘系减水剂0.4份、脱硫石膏1.2份、双氰氨渣3.2份、竹炭7.3份、偏硅酸钠1.3份、钢渣1份、锰渣0.6份、硬脂酸0.3份、镁铝尖晶石12.5份、硅溶胶7.8份、硝酸纤维素0.9份、紫砂矿土11.8份、水适量；所述增硬改性剂的制作步骤为：首先将硫铁矿烧渣、聚丙烯纤维、脱硫石膏、双氰氨渣、竹炭、钢渣、锰渣、镁铝尖晶石、紫砂矿土混合后粉碎制末，然后加水混合，搅拌1-2小时得到混合均匀的粘稠物，再加入萘系减水剂、偏硅酸钠、硬脂酸、硅溶胶、硝酸纤维素，混合后加热至60-75℃，边加热边搅拌20-25分钟，然后保温20-30分钟，最后将混合物通入喷雾干燥设备中干燥即可。
所述耐酸助剂由以下重量份数的组分组成：丙酸钙17份、木粉15份、癸二酸二丁酯15份、二盐基邻苯二甲酸铅22份、胺菊酯15份、丁醚脲13份、蓖麻油酸聚氧丙烯酯13份、三碱式硫酸铅15份、硼酸锌15份、甲苯二异氰酸酯16份、二甲基甲酰胺14份、二异氰酸酯12份、甲酸香茅酯21份、三乙烯四胺15份、高光钡15份、重晶石粉21份、过氧化苯甲酰叔丁酯15份、锆英粉17份、氯铂酸15份、双乙酸钠17份、氰虫酰胺17份、噻嗪酮15份。
对上述实施例1-3进行性能测定，得下表：
以上显示和描述了本发明的基本原理和主要特征。本行业的技术人员应该了解，本发明不受上述实施例的限制，上述实施例和说明书中描述的只是说明本发明的原理，在不脱离本发明精神和范围的前提下，本发明还会有各种变化和改进，这些变化和改进都落入要求保护的本发明范围内。本发明要求保护范围由所附的权利要求书及其等效物界定。
Claims (7)
1.烧结煤矸石空心砖，其特征在于，由下列重量份数的原料制备而成：煤矸石50-80份、电石泥20-35份、白灰渣10-20份、矿污泥20-25份、赤泥100-120份、黏土30-50份、膨润土10-12份、氧化锆1-5份、氧化铝1-3份、硼泥4-6份、增硬改性剂5-10份、棕榈皮5-8份、氢氧化铝2-3份、碳酸钠1-2份、高炉渣3-5份、耐酸助剂5-8份、水适量。
2.根据权利要求1所述的烧结煤矸石空心砖，其特征在于，各原料的优选重量份数为：煤矸石70份、电石泥25份、白灰渣12份、矿污泥22份、赤泥115份、黏土45份、膨润土11份、氧化锆3份、氧化铝2份、硼泥5份、增硬改性剂8份、棕榈皮6份、氢氧化铝2.5份、碳酸钠1份、高炉渣4份、耐酸助剂7份、水适量。
3.根据权利要求1或2所述的烧结煤矸石空心砖，其特征在于，所述增硬改性剂由以下重量份的原料制备而成：硫铁矿烧渣2-5份、聚丙烯纤维5-8份、萘系减水剂0.2-0.5份、脱硫石膏1-1.5份、双氰氨渣2-4份、竹炭5-9份、偏硅酸钠1-1.5份、钢渣1-1.2份、锰渣0.5-0.8份、硬脂酸0.2-0.4份、镁铝尖晶石10-15份、硅溶胶6-9份、硝酸纤维素0.8-1份、紫砂矿土10-14份、水适量。
4.根据权利要求1或2或3所述的烧结煤矸石空心砖，其特征在于，所述增硬改性剂的制作步骤为：首先将硫铁矿烧渣、聚丙烯纤维、脱硫石膏、双氰氨渣、竹炭、钢渣、锰渣、镁铝尖晶石、紫砂矿土混合后粉碎制末，然后加水混合，搅拌1-2小时得到混合均匀的粘稠物，再加入萘系减水剂、偏硅酸钠、硬脂酸、硅溶胶、硝酸纤维素，混合后加热至60-75℃，边加热边搅拌20-25分钟，然后保温20-30分钟，最后将混合物通入喷雾干燥设备中干燥即可。
5.根据权利要求1或2或3或4所述的烧结煤矸石空心砖，其特征在于，所述增硬改性剂的原料配比优选为：硫铁矿烧渣4.5份、聚丙烯纤维6.5份、萘系减水剂0.4份、脱硫石膏1.2份、双氰氨渣3.2份、竹炭7.3份、偏硅酸钠1.3份、钢渣1份、锰渣0.6份、硬脂酸0.3份、镁铝尖晶石12.5份、硅溶胶7.8份、硝酸纤维素0.9份、紫砂矿土11.8份、水适量。
6.根据权利要求1或2所述的烧结煤矸石空心砖，其特征在于，所述耐酸助剂由以下重量份数的组分组成：丙酸钙16-20份、木粉14-18份、癸二酸二丁酯12-16份、二盐基邻苯二甲酸铅18-22份、胺菊酯14-18份、丁醚脲12-16份、蓖麻油酸聚氧丙烯酯12-16份、三碱式硫酸铅12-16份、硼酸锌14-18份、甲苯二异氰酸酯12-16份、二甲基甲酰胺14-18份、二异氰酸酯12-16份、甲酸香茅酯18-22份、三乙烯四胺12-16份、高光钡14-18份、重晶石粉18-22份、过氧化苯甲酰叔丁酯14-18份、锆英粉14-18份、氯铂酸12-16份、双乙酸钠14-18份、氰虫酰胺14-18份、噻嗪酮14-18份。
7.生产上述烧结煤矸石空心砖的方法，其特征在于，由以下具体步骤制得：
1)将煤矸石、白灰渣、棕榈皮、高炉渣输送至原料加工厂房，经粉碎机粉碎，然后利用滚筒筛或振动筛筛选，获得粉末状合格物料；
2)然后将煤矸石、电石泥、白灰渣、矿污泥、黏土、膨润土、氧化锆、氧化铝、硼泥、棕榈皮、氢氧化铝、碳酸钠和高炉渣混合均匀，均匀后继续搅拌50-60分钟；
3)再将赤泥、增硬改性剂、耐酸助剂和第二步骤所得的混合物混合，混合的同时，加入适量水搅拌至形成膏状物，形成膏状物后再继续搅拌20-30分钟，然后通过陈化仓陈化；
4)将第三步骤所得的混合物再次搅拌30-40分钟后制作砖坯；
5)再将砖坯送入烘干室进行烘干，接着将烘干的砖坯送至隧道窑内烧结，烧结时先预热、然后高温烧结，然后低温收尾，得到本发明的成品煤矸石空心砖。
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| PE01 | Entry into force of the registration of the contract for pledge of patent right |
Denomination of invention: Sintered coal gangue hollow brick and its production method Effective date of registration: 20231221 Granted publication date: 20201211 Pledgee: Shuangdun Branch of Anhui Changfeng Keyuan Village Bank Co.,Ltd. Pledgor: HEFEI JIA BUILDING MATERIALS Co.,Ltd. Registration number: Y2023980073153 |