CN108117700A - 阻燃柔性吸声材料及其制备方法和应用 - Google Patents

阻燃柔性吸声材料及其制备方法和应用 Download PDF

Info

Publication number
CN108117700A
CN108117700A CN201711225199.8A CN201711225199A CN108117700A CN 108117700 A CN108117700 A CN 108117700A CN 201711225199 A CN201711225199 A CN 201711225199A CN 108117700 A CN108117700 A CN 108117700A
Authority
CN
China
Prior art keywords
parts
absorbing material
sound
flame retardant
flexible sound
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
CN201711225199.8A
Other languages
English (en)
Other versions
CN108117700B (zh
Inventor
胡胜
彭继文
吴晓文
卢铃
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
State Grid Corp of China SGCC
Electric Power Research Institute of State Grid Hunan Electric Power Co Ltd
State Grid Hunan Electric Power Co Ltd
Original Assignee
State Grid Corp of China SGCC
Electric Power Research Institute of State Grid Hunan Electric Power Co Ltd
State Grid Hunan Electric Power Co Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by State Grid Corp of China SGCC, Electric Power Research Institute of State Grid Hunan Electric Power Co Ltd, State Grid Hunan Electric Power Co Ltd filed Critical State Grid Corp of China SGCC
Priority to CN201711225199.8A priority Critical patent/CN108117700B/zh
Publication of CN108117700A publication Critical patent/CN108117700A/zh
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of CN108117700B publication Critical patent/CN108117700B/zh
Active legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

Links

Classifications

    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08JWORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
    • C08J9/00Working-up of macromolecular substances to porous or cellular articles or materials; After-treatment thereof
    • C08J9/36After-treatment
    • C08J9/38Destruction of cell membranes
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29BPREPARATION OR PRETREATMENT OF THE MATERIAL TO BE SHAPED; MAKING GRANULES OR PREFORMS; RECOVERY OF PLASTICS OR OTHER CONSTITUENTS OF WASTE MATERIAL CONTAINING PLASTICS
    • B29B7/00Mixing; Kneading
    • B29B7/002Methods
    • B29B7/007Methods for continuous mixing
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C35/00Heating, cooling or curing, e.g. crosslinking or vulcanising; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C35/02Heating or curing, e.g. crosslinking or vulcanizing during moulding, e.g. in a mould
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08JWORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
    • C08J9/00Working-up of macromolecular substances to porous or cellular articles or materials; After-treatment thereof
    • C08J9/0061Working-up of macromolecular substances to porous or cellular articles or materials; After-treatment thereof characterized by the use of several polymeric components
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08JWORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
    • C08J9/00Working-up of macromolecular substances to porous or cellular articles or materials; After-treatment thereof
    • C08J9/0066Use of inorganic compounding ingredients
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08JWORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
    • C08J9/00Working-up of macromolecular substances to porous or cellular articles or materials; After-treatment thereof
    • C08J9/0085Use of fibrous compounding ingredients
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08JWORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
    • C08J9/00Working-up of macromolecular substances to porous or cellular articles or materials; After-treatment thereof
    • C08J9/0095Mixtures of at least two compounding ingredients belonging to different one-dot groups
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08JWORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
    • C08J9/00Working-up of macromolecular substances to porous or cellular articles or materials; After-treatment thereof
    • C08J9/04Working-up of macromolecular substances to porous or cellular articles or materials; After-treatment thereof using blowing gases generated by a previously added blowing agent
    • C08J9/06Working-up of macromolecular substances to porous or cellular articles or materials; After-treatment thereof using blowing gases generated by a previously added blowing agent by a chemical blowing agent
    • C08J9/08Working-up of macromolecular substances to porous or cellular articles or materials; After-treatment thereof using blowing gases generated by a previously added blowing agent by a chemical blowing agent developing carbon dioxide
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08JWORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
    • C08J9/00Working-up of macromolecular substances to porous or cellular articles or materials; After-treatment thereof
    • C08J9/04Working-up of macromolecular substances to porous or cellular articles or materials; After-treatment thereof using blowing gases generated by a previously added blowing agent
    • C08J9/06Working-up of macromolecular substances to porous or cellular articles or materials; After-treatment thereof using blowing gases generated by a previously added blowing agent by a chemical blowing agent
    • C08J9/10Working-up of macromolecular substances to porous or cellular articles or materials; After-treatment thereof using blowing gases generated by a previously added blowing agent by a chemical blowing agent developing nitrogen, the blowing agent being a compound containing a nitrogen-to-nitrogen bond
    • C08J9/102Azo-compounds
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08JWORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
    • C08J9/00Working-up of macromolecular substances to porous or cellular articles or materials; After-treatment thereof
    • C08J9/04Working-up of macromolecular substances to porous or cellular articles or materials; After-treatment thereof using blowing gases generated by a previously added blowing agent
    • C08J9/06Working-up of macromolecular substances to porous or cellular articles or materials; After-treatment thereof using blowing gases generated by a previously added blowing agent by a chemical blowing agent
    • C08J9/10Working-up of macromolecular substances to porous or cellular articles or materials; After-treatment thereof using blowing gases generated by a previously added blowing agent by a chemical blowing agent developing nitrogen, the blowing agent being a compound containing a nitrogen-to-nitrogen bond
    • C08J9/102Azo-compounds
    • C08J9/103Azodicarbonamide
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08JWORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
    • C08J2203/00Foams characterized by the expanding agent
    • C08J2203/02CO2-releasing, e.g. NaHCO3 and citric acid
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08JWORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
    • C08J2203/00Foams characterized by the expanding agent
    • C08J2203/04N2 releasing, ex azodicarbonamide or nitroso compound
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08JWORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
    • C08J2309/00Characterised by the use of homopolymers or copolymers of conjugated diene hydrocarbons
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08JWORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
    • C08J2323/00Characterised by the use of homopolymers or copolymers of unsaturated aliphatic hydrocarbons having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond; Derivatives of such polymers
    • C08J2323/02Characterised by the use of homopolymers or copolymers of unsaturated aliphatic hydrocarbons having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond; Derivatives of such polymers not modified by chemical after treatment
    • C08J2323/16Ethene-propene or ethene-propene-diene copolymers
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08JWORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
    • C08J2423/00Characterised by the use of homopolymers or copolymers of unsaturated aliphatic hydrocarbons having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond; Derivatives of such polymers
    • C08J2423/02Characterised by the use of homopolymers or copolymers of unsaturated aliphatic hydrocarbons having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond; Derivatives of such polymers not modified by chemical after treatment
    • C08J2423/10Homopolymers or copolymers of propene
    • C08J2423/12Polypropene
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08JWORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
    • C08J2475/00Characterised by the use of polyureas or polyurethanes; Derivatives of such polymers
    • C08J2475/04Polyurethanes
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08KUse of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
    • C08K3/00Use of inorganic substances as compounding ingredients
    • C08K3/02Elements
    • C08K3/08Metals
    • C08K2003/0856Iron
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08KUse of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
    • C08K3/00Use of inorganic substances as compounding ingredients
    • C08K3/18Oxygen-containing compounds, e.g. metal carbonyls
    • C08K3/20Oxides; Hydroxides
    • C08K3/22Oxides; Hydroxides of metals
    • C08K2003/2227Oxides; Hydroxides of metals of aluminium
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08KUse of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
    • C08K2201/00Specific properties of additives
    • C08K2201/002Physical properties
    • C08K2201/003Additives being defined by their diameter
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08KUse of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
    • C08K2201/00Specific properties of additives
    • C08K2201/011Nanostructured additives

Landscapes

  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Cell Biology (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Oral & Maxillofacial Surgery (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Soundproofing, Sound Blocking, And Sound Damping (AREA)
  • Manufacture Of Porous Articles, And Recovery And Treatment Of Waste Products (AREA)
  • Compositions Of Macromolecular Compounds (AREA)

Abstract

本发明公开了一种阻燃柔性吸声材料,包括以下重量份的组分:无卤素橡胶25~40份,无卤素塑料15~25份,增强纤维2~10份,重质粉体5~10份,发泡剂10~20份,塑化剂10~20份,阻燃剂5~10份,稳定剂1~2份,促进剂1~2份,硫化剂1~2份,和偶联剂1~2份。制备方法包括:(1)原料称取;(2)硫化前混炼处理;(3)硫化发泡处理;(4)剥离试样上下表面;(5)吸声通道处理。该阻燃柔性吸声材料具有重量轻、吸声效果好、强度高、阻燃和抗老化性能好、可折叠和收卷等优点,可作为吸声构件原材料或直接作为吸声构件广泛使用。

Description

阻燃柔性吸声材料及其制备方法和应用
技术领域
本发明属于吸声新材料技术领域,尤其涉及一种阻燃柔性吸声材料及其制备方法和应用。
背景技术
目前国内声屏障的吸声材料主要是超细玻璃棉、岩棉等无机纤维类多孔吸声材料,这类材料吸声性能非常好,但由于此类材料质轻、性脆、易折断飞扬,对施工人员刺激性大,容易造成皮肤瘤痒、刺红。再者,如果用于象声屏障这样的立面结构,由于材料下沉,容易出现漏声现象,影响使用效果。所以无机纤维类多孔吸声材料虽然仍在使用,但从长远的眼光看其使用必然要受到很大程度的限制。为了改进玻璃棉、岩棉、矿棉等传统多孔吸声材料的缺点,泡沫玻璃、泡沫金属等泡沫类多孔吸声材料,以及多孔陶瓷、多孔石膏等颗粒类吸声材料得到了迅速的发展,但上述材料治理重且吸声效果较差。因此需要开发出轻质环保的新型吸声材料。
发明内容
本发明要解决的技术问题是克服现有技术的不足,提供一种重量轻、吸声效果好、强度高、阻燃和抗老化性能好、可折叠和收卷的阻燃柔性吸声材料,还相应提供该阻燃柔性吸声材料的制备方法及应用。
为解决上述技术问题,本发明采用以下技术方案:
一种阻燃柔性吸声材料,包括以下重量份的组分:
无卤素橡胶25~40份,
无卤素塑料15~25份,
增强纤维2~10份,
重质粉体5~10份,
发泡剂10~20份,
塑化剂10~20份,
阻燃剂5~10份,
稳定剂1~2份,
促进剂1~2份,
硫化剂1~2份,和
偶联剂1~2份。
上述的阻燃柔性吸声材料,优选的,所述增强纤维为铝纤维、碳纤维、聚酯纤维、硅酸盐纤维中的一种或多种。
上述的阻燃柔性吸声材料,优选的,所述重质粉体为超细石墨烯粉体、超细三氧化二铝粉体、超细铁粉体中的一种或多种;所述重质粉体的粒径为100nm~100μm。
上述的阻燃柔性吸声材料,优选的,还包括:杀菌剂1~2份。
上述的阻燃柔性吸声材料,优选的,所述无卤素橡胶为硅橡胶、顺丁橡胶、三元乙丙橡胶中的一种或多种;所述无卤素塑料为聚碳酸树酯、聚丙烯、聚乙烯、聚氨酯中的一种或多种。
上述的阻燃柔性吸声材料,优选的,所述发泡剂为碳酸氢铵、偶氮二异丁腈、偶氮二甲酰胺中的一种或多种;所述阻燃剂为氢氧化铝、氢氧化镁、硼酸锌中的一种或多种;所述塑化剂为邻苯二甲酸二丁酯、邻苯二甲酸二辛酯、己二酸二辛酯中的一种;所述稳定剂为钙锌粉、有机锡、有机锑中的一种;所述促进剂为二硫化二苯并噻唑、N-环已基-2-苯并噻唑次磺酰胺、四甲基二硫化秋兰姆中的一种;所述硫化剂为升华硫、氧化锌、氧化镁中的一种或多种;所述偶联剂为铬络合物偶联剂、硅烷偶联剂、钛酸酯偶联剂中的一种。
上述的阻燃柔性吸声材料,优选的,所述抗菌剂为纳米银、载银磷酸盐、四氯苯二腈中的一种。
作为一个总的发明构思,本发明还提供一种上述的阻燃柔性吸声材料的制备方法,包括以下步骤:
(1)先将无卤素橡胶、无卤素塑料、塑化剂、稳定剂置于开炼机中,在温度为120~180℃,速度为10~30r/min下混炼1~5min后,加入增强纤维、重质粉体、阻燃剂和偶联剂,维持温度和转速不变,混炼2~10min,冷却至室温,得到预混料;
(2)在步骤(1)所得的预混料中加入发泡剂、促进剂和硫化剂,在30~90℃,转速为10~30r/min下混炼2~10min,室温放置12~36h后,在室温转速为10~30r/min下继续混炼2~10min,最后置于平板硫化机上模压发泡成片,模压温度为120~180℃,压力为5~15MPa,时间为10~30min,室温冷却12~36h后得到硫化试样;
(3)将步骤(2)所得的硫化试样的上下表面剥离,所述上下表面剥离厚度均为1~2mm,得到柔性吸声材料中间体;
(4)对步骤(3)所得的阻燃柔性吸声材料中间体进行物理挤压,开炼机的滚轮间距为阻燃柔性吸声材料中间体厚度的1/4~2/3,室温下转速为10~30r/min,以形成表面开孔且相邻孔洞互相连通的吸声结构,得到柔性吸声材料。
上述的阻燃柔性吸声材料的制备方法,优选的,所述步骤(2)中,还包括在预混料中加入抗菌剂。
作为一个总的发明构思,本发明还提供一种上述的阻燃柔性吸声材料或上述的制备方法制得的阻燃柔性吸声材料在成型吸声构件或作为吸声构件的应用。
本发明的创新性在于:
本发明先通过发泡剂化学反应产生的气体在橡胶和塑料共混物中形成气泡,然后在材料成型后通过切片和物理挤压形成表面开孔且孔洞互相连通的吸声结构,使声能进入空洞后不断折射、反射以及摩擦生热而耗散掉。通过添加增强纤维(如为铝纤维、碳纤维、聚酯纤维、硅酸盐纤维等)和重质粉体(如石墨烯、三氧化二铝、铁粉等),既能增加材料的密度,同时分散在混料中的增强纤维和超细粉体能形成多层不同界面的声反射,增加了声能量的消耗,因此能进一步提高材料的吸声量,突破“质量定律”。同时因为增强纤维的添加,通过增强纤维形成的交联网状结构,提升了材料的抗压和抗拉性能好。而且相比泡沫玻璃、泡沫金属等吸声材料,本发明的材料具有良好的粘弹性,可更好的消耗声能。而且本发明中的材料均不含卤素,通过添加无毒的阻燃剂来达到自熄灭效果,不会在燃烧时产生有毒的黑烟,因此防火性能也得到大幅提高。
与现有技术相比,本发明的优点在于:
1、本发明的阻燃柔性吸声材料,无卤素橡胶和塑料共混物为复合基体,以纤维增强剂和重质粉体为辅助填料,添加发泡剂形成吸声通道,以阻燃剂、塑化剂、稳定剂、促进剂、硫化剂、偶联剂、杀菌剂为主要助剂,所成型的阻燃柔性吸声材料所成型的阻燃柔性吸声材料具有重量轻、吸声性能好,且能方便进行折叠和收卷等优点,燃烧后无有毒黑烟,所成型的吸声构件和降噪设施易于安装和拆卸,尤其适用于需要快速安装和拆卸的使用环境;同时还具有阻燃、抗老化性能好、抗压和抗拉性能好等优点。
2、与常规化学方法和物理方法相比,本发明的柔性吸声材料的开孔制备方法,避免了额外增加发泡剂或外加气体等,采用剥离挤压工艺,剥除了表面致密层后,通过适当的机械压力挤压,既能破坏孔间薄弱部位形成通孔,又能不完全破坏材料联结结构而使材料破碎,因而能简单方便的实现通孔吸声结构,能显著提高吸声效果。
具体实施方式
以下结合具体优选的实施例对本发明作进一步描述,但并不因此而限制本发明的保护范围。
实施例1:
一种本发明的阻燃柔性吸声材料的制备方法,包括以下步骤:
(1)按照如下重量配比称取原料:三元乙丙35份,聚丙烯20份,碳纤维5份,超细金属铁粉(2um)5份,偶氮二甲酰胺10份,己二酸二辛酯10份,氢氧化铝5份,钙锌粉2份,二硫化二苯并噻唑2份,升华硫2份,硅烷偶联剂(KH570)2份,纳米银2份。
(2)硫化前处理:先将三元乙丙橡、聚丙烯、己二酸二辛酯、钙锌粉放入开炼机(温度为160℃,速度为20r/min)中捏合2min后,加入碳纤维、超细金属铁粉、氢氧化铝和硅烷偶联剂(KH570),继续捏合5min。
(3)硫化处理:待混料冷却至室温后,在开炼机(温度为60℃,速度为20r/min)中按相应配比添加偶氮二甲酰胺、升华硫、二硫化二苯并噻唑和纳米银,捏合5min;在室温放置24h后,在开炼机(室温,速度为20r/min)捏合5min,然后置于平板硫化机(温度为160℃,压力为10MPa)上模压发泡成型,时间为15min。
(4)硫化后处理:取出试样,室温冷却24h,用切边机将所得的片材上下两层外表层剥离,每层剥离厚度为1mm。
(5)吸声通道处理:最后将步骤(4)剥离表面后所得的中间层25mm通过开炼机适当压力的挤压使部分发泡孔壁破裂形成通孔但不破坏材料的整体结构,开炼机的滚轮间距8mm,室温下转速为20r/min。
样品厚度为8mm时的性能参数如表1所示。
表1 实施例1制备的阻燃柔性吸声材料的性能表
实施例2:
一种本发明的柔性隔声材料的制备方法,包括以下步骤:
(1)按照如下重量配比称取原料:三元乙丙35份,聚丙烯15份,铝纤维5份,超细金属铁粉(2um)5份,碳酸氢铵10份,邻苯二甲酸二辛酯15份,氢氧化铝5份,有机锑2份,二硫化二苯并噻唑2份,升华硫2份,硅烷偶联剂(KH570)2份,纳米银2份。
(2)硫化前处理:先将三元乙丙、聚丙烯、邻苯二甲酸二辛酯、有机锑放入开炼机(温度为160℃,速度为20r/min)中捏合2min后,加入铝纤维、超细金属铁粉、氢氧化铝和硅烷偶联剂(KH570),继续捏合5min。
(3)硫化处理:待混料冷却至室温后,在开炼机(温度为60℃,速度为20r/min)中按相应配比添加碳酸氢铵、升华硫、二硫化二苯并噻唑和纳米银,捏合5min;在室温放置24h后,在开炼机(室温,速度为20r/min)捏合5min,然后置于平板硫化机(温度为160℃,压力为10MPa)上模压成型,时间为15min。
(4)硫化后处理:取出试样,室温冷却24h,用切边机将所得的片材上下两层外表层剥离,每层剥离厚度为1mm。
(5)吸声通道处理:最后将步骤(4)剥离表面后所得的中间层25mm通过开炼机适当压力的挤压使部分发泡孔壁破裂形成通孔但不破坏材料的整体结构,开炼机的滚轮间距8mm,室温下转速为20r/min。
样品厚度为8mm时性能参数如表2所示。
表2 实施例2制备的阻燃柔性吸声材料的性能表
实施例3:
一种本发明的柔性隔声材料的制备方法,包括以下步骤:
(1)按照如下重量配比称取原料:顺丁橡胶30份,聚氨酯15份,铝纤维5份,超细石墨烯粉体(200nm)10份,偶氮二异丁腈10份,己二酸二辛酯15份,硼酸锌5份,钙锌粉2份,二硫化二苯并噻唑2份,升华硫2份,硅烷偶联剂(KH570)2份,纳米银2份。
(2)硫化前处理:先将顺丁橡胶、聚氨酯、己二酸二辛酯、钙锌粉放入开炼机(温度为160℃,速度为20r/min)中捏合2min后,加入铝纤维、超细石墨烯粉体和硅烷偶联剂(KH570),继续捏合5min。
(3)硫化处理:待混料冷却至室温后,在开炼机(温度为60℃,速度为20r/min)中按相应配比添加偶氮二异丁腈10份,升华硫、二硫化二苯并噻唑和纳米银,捏合5min;在室温放置24h后,在开炼机(室温,速度为20r/min)捏合5min,然后置于平板硫化机(温度为160℃,压力为10MPa)上模压成型,时间为15min。
(4)硫化后处理:取出试样,室温冷却24h,每层剥离厚度为1mm。
(5)吸声通道处理:最后将步骤(4)剥离表面后所得的中间层25mm通过开炼机适当压力的挤压使部分发泡孔壁破裂形成通孔但不破坏材料的整体结构,开炼机的滚轮间距8mm,室温下转速为20r/min。
样品厚度为8mm时性能参数如表3所示。
表3 实施例3制备的阻燃柔性吸声材料的性能表
以上所述仅是本发明的优选实施方式,本发明的保护范围并不仅局限于上述实施例。凡属于本发明思路下的技术方案均属于本发明的保护范围。应该指出,对于本技术领域的普通技术人员来说,在不脱离本发明原理的前提下的改进和润饰,这些改进和润饰也应视为本发明的保护范围。

Claims (10)

1.一种阻燃柔性吸声材料,包括以下重量份的组分:
无卤素橡胶25~40份,
无卤素塑料15~25份,
增强纤维2~10份,
重质粉体5~10份,
发泡剂10~20份,
塑化剂10~20份,
阻燃剂5~10份,
稳定剂1~2份,
促进剂1~2份,
硫化剂1~2份,和
偶联剂1~2份。
2.根据权利要求1所述的阻燃柔性吸声材料,其特征在于,所述增强纤维为铝纤维、碳纤维、聚酯纤维、硅酸盐纤维中的一种或多种。
3.根据权利要求2所述的阻燃柔性吸声材料,其特征在于,所述重质粉体为超细石墨烯粉体、超细三氧化二铝粉体、超细铁粉体中的一种或多种;所述重质粉体的粒径为100nm~100μm。
4.根据权利要求1~3任一项所述的阻燃柔性吸声材料,其特征在于,还包括:杀菌剂1~2份。
5.根据权利要求4所述的阻燃柔性吸声材料,其特征在于,所述无卤素橡胶为硅橡胶、顺丁橡胶、三元乙丙橡胶中的一种或多种;所述无卤素塑料为聚碳酸树酯、聚丙烯、聚乙烯、聚氨酯中的一种或多种。
6.根据权利要求5所述的阻燃柔性吸声材料,其特征在于,所述发泡剂为碳酸氢铵、偶氮二异丁腈、偶氮二甲酰胺中的一种或多种;所述阻燃剂为氢氧化铝、氢氧化镁、硼酸锌中的一种或多种;所述塑化剂为邻苯二甲酸二丁酯、邻苯二甲酸二辛酯、己二酸二辛酯中的一种;所述稳定剂为钙锌粉、有机锡、有机锑中的一种;所述促进剂为二硫化二苯并噻唑、N-环已基-2-苯并噻唑次磺酰胺、四甲基二硫化秋兰姆中的一种;所述硫化剂为升华硫、氧化锌、氧化镁中的一种或多种;所述偶联剂为铬络合物偶联剂、硅烷偶联剂、钛酸酯偶联剂中的一种。
7.根据权利要求6所述的阻燃柔性吸声材料,其特征在于,所述抗菌剂为纳米银、载银磷酸盐、四氯苯二腈中的一种。
8.一种如权利要求1~7任一项所述的阻燃柔性吸声材料的制备方法,包括以下步骤:
(1)先将无卤素橡胶、无卤素塑料、塑化剂、稳定剂置于开炼机中,在温度为120~180℃,速度为10~30r/min下混炼1~5min后,加入增强纤维、重质粉体、阻燃剂和偶联剂,维持温度和转速不变,混炼2~10min,冷却至室温,得到预混料;
(2)在步骤(1)所得的预混料中加入发泡剂、促进剂和硫化剂,在30~90℃,转速为10~30r/min下混炼2~10min,室温放置12~36h后,在室温转速为10~30r/min下继续混炼2~10min,最后置于平板硫化机上模压发泡成片,模压温度为120~180℃,压力为5~15MPa,时间为10~30min,室温冷却12~36h后得到硫化试样;
(3)将步骤(2)所得的硫化试样的上下表面剥离,所述上下表面剥离厚度均为1~2mm,得到柔性吸声材料中间体;
(4)对步骤(3)所得的阻燃柔性吸声材料中间体进行物理挤压,开炼机的滚轮间距为阻燃柔性吸声材料中间体厚度的1/4~2/3,室温下转速为10~30r/min,以形成表面开孔且相邻孔洞互相连通的吸声结构,得到柔性吸声材料。
9.根据权利要求8所述的阻燃柔性吸声材料的制备方法,其特征在于,所述步骤(2)中,还包括在预混料中加入抗菌剂。
10.一种如权利要求1~7任一项所述的阻燃柔性吸声材料或如权利要求8或9所述的制备方法制得的阻燃柔性吸声材料在成型吸声构件或作为吸声构件的应用。
CN201711225199.8A 2017-11-29 2017-11-29 阻燃柔性吸声材料及其制备方法和应用 Active CN108117700B (zh)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN201711225199.8A CN108117700B (zh) 2017-11-29 2017-11-29 阻燃柔性吸声材料及其制备方法和应用

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN201711225199.8A CN108117700B (zh) 2017-11-29 2017-11-29 阻燃柔性吸声材料及其制备方法和应用

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
CN108117700A true CN108117700A (zh) 2018-06-05
CN108117700B CN108117700B (zh) 2020-10-30

Family

ID=62228582

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
CN201711225199.8A Active CN108117700B (zh) 2017-11-29 2017-11-29 阻燃柔性吸声材料及其制备方法和应用

Country Status (1)

Country Link
CN (1) CN108117700B (zh)

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN112210168A (zh) * 2020-10-22 2021-01-12 蚌埠学院 柔性复合吸声材料、制备方法及其应用
CN117445501A (zh) * 2023-12-21 2024-01-26 神州节能科技集团有限公司 一种减振吸声板材及其制备方法和应用

Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN106084338A (zh) * 2016-06-02 2016-11-09 上海交通大学 一种用于隔声降噪的软质高比重橡塑发泡材料
CN106566063A (zh) * 2016-10-31 2017-04-19 江苏昊晟塑业科技有限公司 汽车内饰板吸音用发泡材料

Patent Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN106084338A (zh) * 2016-06-02 2016-11-09 上海交通大学 一种用于隔声降噪的软质高比重橡塑发泡材料
CN106566063A (zh) * 2016-10-31 2017-04-19 江苏昊晟塑业科技有限公司 汽车内饰板吸音用发泡材料

Non-Patent Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
于丽新 等: "吸声材料及声能转化研究现状分析", 《节能技术》 *
张恩惠 等: "《噪声与振动控制》", 30 April 2012, 冶金工业出版社 *

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN112210168A (zh) * 2020-10-22 2021-01-12 蚌埠学院 柔性复合吸声材料、制备方法及其应用
CN112210168B (zh) * 2020-10-22 2022-09-30 蚌埠学院 柔性复合吸声材料、制备方法及其应用
CN117445501A (zh) * 2023-12-21 2024-01-26 神州节能科技集团有限公司 一种减振吸声板材及其制备方法和应用
CN117445501B (zh) * 2023-12-21 2024-04-16 神州节能科技集团有限公司 一种减振吸声板材及其制备方法和应用

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
CN108117700B (zh) 2020-10-30

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
CN106046483A (zh) 吸音隔热聚烯烃发泡片材及其制备方法
CN108003405A (zh) 柔性吸声材料及其制备方法和应用
JP5702550B2 (ja) 防火性弾性発泡体材料
CN1303337A (zh) 由可热成型的热塑性泡沫片材构成的车辆头顶内衬
CN106349539A (zh) 阻燃隔热发泡片材及其制备方法
CN108003483A (zh) 阻燃柔性隔声材料及其制备方法和应用
CN108117700A (zh) 阻燃柔性吸声材料及其制备方法和应用
CN102816363A (zh) 高回弹阻燃抗静电发泡聚乙烯材料
JP6161563B2 (ja) 繊維強化複合体
CN103435884B (zh) 一种健康型聚烯烃泡沫材料及其制备方法
CN108129715B (zh) 柔性隔声材料及其制备方法和应用
CN106738983A (zh) 一种隔声阻尼材料及其制备方法
CN110978366B (zh) 一种用于提高发泡材料中的功能组分添加量的方法
CN109320870A (zh) 一种耐寒pvc电缆保护管的加工工艺
CN103524143A (zh) 发泡玄武岩保温材料的制作方法
KR101489583B1 (ko) 발포 폴리스타이렌 폼 난연성 조성물 및 그 제조방법
CN108059814A (zh) 一种微孔发泡型聚合物基汽车阻尼垫的制备方法
KR102143690B1 (ko) 준불연 단열재 및 이의 제조방법
US20220055264A1 (en) Polymeric Membrane Useful As A Commercial Roofing Membrane
CN111117092A (zh) 一种防震聚苯乙烯泡沫材料
JP2006199970A (ja) 複合発泡体及びその成形品並びにその製造方法
CN103709537A (zh) 一种复合泡沫隔声材料及其制备方法
CN104401467A (zh) 一种基于珍珠棉泡沫的救生衣及其制备
JP5825832B2 (ja) 気泡含有多層フィルム
KR102319646B1 (ko) 건축용 발포 단열재

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
PB01 Publication
PB01 Publication
SE01 Entry into force of request for substantive examination
SE01 Entry into force of request for substantive examination
GR01 Patent grant
GR01 Patent grant