CN108112446A - A kind of biomass carbon mud and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
A kind of biomass carbon mud and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN108112446A CN108112446A CN201711497715.2A CN201711497715A CN108112446A CN 108112446 A CN108112446 A CN 108112446A CN 201711497715 A CN201711497715 A CN 201711497715A CN 108112446 A CN108112446 A CN 108112446A
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Abstract
The present invention provides a kind of biomass carbon mud and preparation method thereof.The biomass carbon mud is by following material composition：80 85wt% compound bio carbon, 7.5 10wt% Trimeric β peptide particles, 2.5 5wt% stalk powders, 0.01 0.05wt% silver powder and 2.5 5wt% crosslinking agents TAC.The compound bio carbon is made of 1.5 3.5wt% polybismaleimides and 96.5wt% the 98.5wt% biological carbon for containing hydrophilic radical.Biomass carbon mud of the invention is light-weight, intensity is high, gas permeability and water absorbing and retaining properties are good, and can effectively facilitate plant strain growth.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of soilless culture application material field more particularly to a kind of biomass carbon mud and its preparation sides
Method.
Background technology
The people lived in city are increasingly strong thus various suitable for city to possessing hope that is green, getting close to rural area
Plant cultivation technology and product in city's building are constantly pushed out, such as plant walls, roof greening, facade greening, indoor pot
Deng.
Traditional soil base growth condition restrictive condition is more, and overall weight is big, it is impossible to good conformity roof, facade, wall
Building structure are waited, swing to placement sometimes for plant horizontal cross or hard stand particularly in vertical-face building structure, such case
Lower soil base cultivation cannot be applicable in；And easily it is infested, easily go mouldy taste, meet water easily occur leakage, to the wind easily it is dusty, it is right
Environmental sanitation has larger adverse effect.
Water base soilless culture can be used for indoors or outdoor platform establishes small plant landscape.For example, Publication No.
The Chinese patent literature of CN102119651 describes a kind of small soilless culture method and device, nutrient solution is contained in foster
It plants in disk or nutrient solution liquid storage tank, crop is planted in adding in imitative soil material bag in nutrient solution, in the nutrient solution, imitates soil material
Include the raw material of following parts by weight built in bag：Organic substance 20-90, nonmetallic mineral 2-80, wherein organic substance for peat,
Fermented stalk, fermentation bagasse, one kind in fermented livestock excrement or its mixture, the nonmetallic mineral are coal ash, slag, boiling
One in stone, bentonite, albumen shale, concave convex rod ore deposit soil, perlite, vermiculite, Rectorite Clay, sepiolite clay, diatomite
Kind or its mixture；The ratio 5~2 of nutrient solution and imitative soil material：1, imitating soil material bag can be micro- with what is lacked in Additional nutrient solution
Composition is measured, and plays harmful ion suction-operated；Bottom need to set drainpipe and circulation line.But existing water base nothing
Soil cultivation is there are product structure complexity, volume and weight is larger, is not suitable for the problems such as vertical-face building structure, and plant is safeguarded
Technical sophistication, survival rate of plant is low, cannot equally meet actual demand.
The prior art also has the technical solution that vegetation cultivation is carried out using the mixing composition substitute of natural soil.Example
Such as, the Chinese patent literature of Publication No. CN102090309A discloses a kind of cuttage culture medium of geranium, including with peat
It is matrix with perlite and coconut palm chaff, and peat: perlite: coconut palm chaff volume ratio composition：3~4: 2~3: 1.Publication No.
The Chinese patent literature of CN102090310A discloses a kind of soilless culture substrate for violet, wherein peat and perlite and coconut palm chaff
Volume ratio be 2~3.5: 1: 1.The loose ventilative, light weight of above-mentioned matrix is conducive to plant strain growth.But above-mentioned replacement matrix
Exist with indefinite kenel, thus application be subject to container deposit in terms of limited, when need to need to make plant into vertical-face building structure
Horizontal cross or the straight hard vertical situation for swinging to placement still can be led to the problem of, such as easily loosely be come off, and above-mentioned matrix is inhaled
Water Water-saving effect is general, and function is also relatively single.
The content of the invention
For it is above-mentioned involved the problem of, the object of the present invention is to provide a kind of biomass carbon mud and preparation method thereof.It should
Biomass carbon mud is free of soil, hardly generates pest and disease damage, and can will not have dust to fly as soil with random molding
It dissipates；It can be made variously-shaped, various plants are planted on horizontal vertical plane or curved surface, have expanded usability significantly.
The researcher of the present invention has found that carrying out hydrophilic modifying, treated that biomass carbon mud is made in biological carbon under study for action
Afterwards, the plant growth planted wherein is rapid, with luxuriant foliage and spreading branches in leafy profusion, beautiful and generous.This may be due to hydrophilic modifying after biological carbon
With hydrophilic radical, biological carbon hydrophily and the good biofacies same sex can be improved, and the immunity of plant can be improved.Together
When, polybismaleimide and the biological carbon containing hydrophilic radical are subjected to mist projection granulating, two kinds of substances are subjected to fully compound, shape
Into compound bio carbon, and then improve the compatibility of compound bio carbon and other substances and with reference to power.
The method that the present invention uses free radical solution polymerization in situ, polyethylene glycol acrylate is grafted in biological carbon,
It is prepared for hydrophilic biological carbon.As shown in Figure 1, black strip substance is untreated biological carbon second particle in figure, warp
After crossing hydrophilic modifying, biological carbon contains hydrophilic radical, and wherein graft polymers main chain is polyacrylate, and side chain is ethylene glycol,
Form similar " comb shape " polymer.Substantial amounts of glycol chain can assign the water solubility of biological carbon height, and improve biological carbon
Biocompatibility.
The present invention researcher also found, can using the biomass carbon mud of melamine-urea-formaldehyde resin particle
Plasticity is very high, and fixed performance is good, can show good performance at different temperatures.This may be and the life after hydrophilic modifying
Object carbon is acted synergistically, and the two is mutually compounded to form strong combination, so as to improve associativity and plasticity.
The present invention provides a kind of biomass carbon mud, by following material composition：80-85wt% compound bio carbon, 7.5-
10wt% melamine-urea-formaldehyde resin particles, 2.5-5wt% stalk powders, 0.01-0.05wt% silver powder and 2.5-
5wt% crosslinking agents TAC；The compound bio carbon, by 1.5-3.5wt% polybismaleimides and 96.5wt%-98.5wt%
Biological carbon composition containing hydrophilic radical.
The present invention also provides a kind of preparation methods of biomass carbon mud, include the following steps：
(1) one or more in sawdust, stalk, coconut husk, fallen leaves is taken to be crushed to average grain diameter as carbon source as 50-200
The particle of micron, is warming up to 200-500 DEG C, heating rate 10-50 by the carbon source after above-mentioned crushing under nitrogen or inert gas
DEG C/min, when heat preservation 1-2 is small afterwards, 550-800 DEG C is then continuously heating under nitrogen or inert gas, heating rate 15-
When heat preservation 0.5-2 is small, biology carbon matrix precursor is made in 60 degrees celsius/minutes；
(2) biological carbon matrix precursor and polyethylene glycol acrylate are added in water, it is 10-30 minutes ultrasonic so that biological carbon
Presoma uniformly disperses in water, then under room temperature continuous stirring condition, adds in ammonium persulfate, is passed through nitrogen deoxygenation 0.5-2
Hour after, be warming up to 80-100 DEG C reaction 12-24 it is small when, filter residue is obtained by filtration, filter residue is dried in vacuo 10- at 40-80 DEG C
24 it is small when, be made the biological carbon containing hydrophilic radical；
(3) polybismaleimide, the biological carbon containing hydrophilic radical and ethyl alcohol are mixed to form suspension, by described in
Suspension atomization is granulated to obtain compound bio micropowder, is finally dried in vacuo；
(4) according to required weight ratio by compound bio carbon, melamine-urea-formaldehyde resin particle, stalk powder, silver
Powder, crosslinking agent TAC injection moulding mold after mixing, after extrusion forming, place 24-48 it is small when, finally at 50-70 DEG C plus
The biomass carbon mud is made to dry hardening sizing in heat.
Preferably, the biological carbon containing hydrophilic radical is prepared by polyethylene glycol acrylate.
Preferably, the compound bio carbon average grain diameter is 1-5 microns.
Preferably, the melamine-urea-formaldehyde resin mean particle size is 0.5-3 microns.
Preferably, stalk powder average grain diameter is 1-5 microns.
Preferably, silver powder average grain diameter is 0.3-2 microns.
Preferably, biological carbon matrix precursor and the mass ratio of polyethylene glycol acrylate are 1: 40-400.
Preferably, the mass ratio of ammonium persulfate and biological carbon matrix precursor is 1-10: 1.
Preferably, step (3) vacuum drying temperature is 40-80 DEG C, when the time is 10-24 small.
Preferably, by humic acid, formulation fertilizer containing nitrogen, containing phosphatic manure, containing any one or more in potassic fertilizer with it is compound
Biological carbon, melamine-urea-formaldehyde resin particle, stalk powder, silver powder, crosslinking agent TAC are stirred together for being uniformly mixed, so
Injection moulding mold afterwards.
The biomass carbon mud of the present invention has the following advantages that：
1st, hydrophilic radical improves the hydrophily of biomass carbon mud, has the good biofacies same sex, and can improve plant
Immunity.
2nd, polybismaleimide carries out mist projection granulating with the biological carbon containing hydrophilic radical and forms compound bio carbon, improves
Compound bio carbon is with the compatibility of other substances and with reference to power.
3rd, there can be enough structural strengths after random molding, sizing, will not disperse in bulk.
4th, the silver powder added in has effects that insect prevention is antibacterial, is suitble to interior use.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the principle schematic that the present invention carries out biological carbon hydrophilic modifying processing.
Fig. 2 plants utensil schematic diagram for the present invention made of biomass carbon mud
Specific embodiment
Embodiment 1
Sawdust is taken to be crushed to 100 microns, the sawdust after crushing is warming up in a nitrogen atmosphere with 20 DEG C/min of rate
300 DEG C, and keep the temperature 1 it is small when, be then warming up to 600 DEG C under nitrogen protection with 30 DEG C/min of rate, and keep the temperature 1 it is small when, obtain
To biological carbon matrix precursor.
The biological carbon matrix precursor and polyethylene glycol acrylate of addition weight ratio 1: 100 in water, ultrasonic vibration 10 minutes,
So that biological carbon matrix precursor, polyethylene glycol acrylic acid uniformly disperse in water, then at room temperature under continuous stirring condition, add in
5 times of weight are passed through nitrogen deoxygenation in the ammonium persulfate of biological carbon matrix precursor afterwards, lead to the nitrogen time 1 it is small when, be warming up to 80 afterwards
When reaction 12 is small at DEG C, filter residue is obtained by filtration after reaction, filter residue be dried in vacuo at 50 DEG C 24 it is small when, be made contain it is hydrophilic
The biological carbon of group.
It will be mixed to form by weight 2: 98 polybismaleimide and the biological carbon containing hydrophilic radical and ethanol in proper amount
Suspension is atomized granulation and obtains the compound bio carbon particle that average grain diameter is 1-5 microns, is dried in vacuo afterwards at 50 DEG C
20 it is small when.
Melamine-urine of compound bio carbon, 0.5-3 micron grain sizes is weighed according to weight ratio 800: 80: 30: 0.1: 30
Element-formaldehyde resin particles, the stalk powder of 1-5 micron grain sizes, the silver powder of 0.3-2 micron grain sizes, crosslinking agent TAC are uniformly mixed
Injection moulding mold afterwards, after extrusion forming, place 24 it is small when, dry hardening sizing is finally heated at 50 DEG C, biology is made
Matter charcoal mud.
Embodiment 2
Coconut husk is taken to be crushed to 200 microns, the coconut husk after crushing is warming up under an argon atmosphere with 50 DEG C/min of rate
500 DEG C, and keep the temperature 1 it is small when, be then warming up to 800 DEG C under nitrogen protection with 50 DEG C/min of rate, and keep the temperature 0.5 it is small when,
Obtain biological carbon matrix precursor.
The biological carbon matrix precursor and polyethylene glycol acrylate of addition weight ratio 1: 100 in water, ultrasonic vibration 10 minutes,
So that biological carbon matrix precursor, polyethylene glycol acrylic acid uniformly disperse in water, then at room temperature under continuous stirring condition, add in
10 times of weight are passed through nitrogen deoxygenation in the ammonium persulfate of biological carbon matrix precursor afterwards, lead to the nitrogen time 1 it is small when, be warming up to afterwards
When reaction 12 is small at 80 DEG C, filter residue is obtained by filtration after reaction, filter residue be dried in vacuo at 80 DEG C 10 it is small when, be made containing close
The biological carbon of water base group.
It will be mixed to form by weight 3: 97 polybismaleimide and the biological carbon containing hydrophilic radical and ethanol in proper amount
Suspension is atomized granulation and obtains the compound bio carbon particle that average grain diameter is 1-5 microns, is dried in vacuo afterwards at 50 DEG C
12 it is small when.
Melamine-urine of compound bio carbon, 0.5-3 micron grain sizes is weighed according to weight ratio 800: 80: 30: 0.1: 30
Element-formaldehyde resin particles, the stalk powder of 1-5 micron grain sizes, the silver powder of 0.3-2 micron grain sizes, crosslinking agent TAC are uniformly mixed
Injection moulding mold afterwards, after extrusion forming, place 24 it is small when, dry hardening sizing is finally heated at 50 DEG C, biology is made
Matter charcoal mud.
Comparative example 1
Sawdust is taken to be crushed to 100 microns, the sawdust after crushing is warming up in a nitrogen atmosphere with 20 DEG C/min of rate
300 DEG C, and keep the temperature 1 it is small when, be then warming up to 600 DEG C under nitrogen protection with 30 DEG C/min of rate, and keep the temperature 1 it is small when, obtain
To biological carbon matrix precursor.
Suspension will be mixed to form by weight 2: 98 polybismaleimides, biological carbon matrix precursor and ethyl alcohol, by its mist
Change to be granulated and obtain the compound bio carbon particle that average grain diameter is 1-5 microns, when vacuum drying 20 is small at 50 DEG C afterwards.
Melamine-urine of compound bio carbon, 0.5-3 micron grain sizes is weighed according to weight ratio 800: 80: 30: 0.1: 30
Element-formaldehyde resin particles, the stalk powder of 1-5 micron grain sizes, the silver powder of 0.3-2 micron grain sizes, crosslinking agent TAC are uniformly mixed
Injection moulding mold afterwards, after extrusion forming, place 24 it is small when, dry hardening sizing is finally heated at 50 DEG C, biology is made
Matter charcoal mud.
By the type-approval process in preparation process, figure is respectively prepared in biomass carbon mud made from embodiment 1 and comparative example 1
Each 5 of plantation utensil shown in 2,10 in total, including sponge pedestal 101 and sponge cover 102, the sponge pedestal 101 wraps
Containing lower recess 103, for placement or growth plant；The bottom of lower recess 103 is closing；The sponge cover 102 is used for
The lower recess is covered, sponge cover 102 leaves gap after covering between meeting and the lower recess of sponge pedestal 101, so as to plant
Therefrom expose and to outgrowth.
The biomass carbon mud of 5 embodiments 1 and 5 comparative examples 1 is dipped to it into the water to be saturated, then same
The epipremnum aureum section that 20cm is cut down on root epipremnum aureum is placed into the lower recess 103 of sponge pedestal 101, and covers upper sponge cover 102, no
Need filling soil or other matrix fills.A small amount of water is suitably poured, epipremnum aureum section can absorb the nutrient provided by biomass carbon mud
And realize own growth so that root growth penetrates the surface of biomass carbon mud and enters to sponge base interior, utilizes plant
Itself root system realize fixation in biomass carbon mud.After 60 days, the epipremnum aureum Duan Chang in 1 biomass carbon mud of embodiment
Degree, luxuriant degree are substantially better than the epipremnum aureum section of comparative example 1.
More than content is only presently preferred embodiments of the present invention, according to the invention for those of ordinary skill in the art
Thought, there will be changes, this specification content should not be construed as to the present invention in specific embodiments and applications
Limitation.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of biomass carbon mud, which is characterized in that by following material composition：80-85wt% compound bio carbon, 7.5-10wt%
Melamine-urea-formaldehyde resin particle, 2.5-5wt% stalk powders, 0.01-0.05wt% silver powder and 2.5-5wt% crosslinkings
Agent TAC；The compound bio carbon contains hydrophilic group by 1.5-3.5wt% polybismaleimides and 96.5wt%-98.5wt%
The biological carbon composition of group.
2. biomass carbon mud according to claim 1, wherein, the biological carbon containing hydrophilic radical is by poly- second two
Prepared by alcohol acrylate.
3. the biomass carbon mud according to claim 1-2, wherein, the compound bio carbon average grain diameter is 1-5 microns.
4. the biomass carbon mud according to claim 1-3, wherein, the melamine-urea-formaldehyde resin particle is averaged
Grain size is 0.5-3 microns.
5. the biomass carbon mud according to claim 1-4, stalk powder average grain diameter is 1-5 microns.
6. the biomass carbon mud according to claim 1-5, silver powder average grain diameter is 0.3-2 microns.
7. the preparation method of the biomass carbon mud described in a kind of claim 1-6, which is characterized in that the preparation method is included such as
Lower step：
(1) one or more in sawdust, stalk, coconut husk, fallen leaves is taken to be crushed to average grain diameter as carbon source as 50-200 microns
Particle, the carbon source after above-mentioned crushing is warming up to 200-500 DEG C under nitrogen or inert gas, 10-50 DEG C/minute of heating rate
Clock when heat preservation 1-2 is small afterwards, is then continuously heating to 550-800 DEG C, heating rate 15-60 takes the photograph under nitrogen or inert gas
When heat preservation 0.5-2 is small, biology carbon matrix precursor is made in family name degree/min；
(2) biological carbon matrix precursor and polyethylene glycol acrylate are added in water, it is 10-30 minutes ultrasonic so that biological carbon forerunner
Body uniformly disperses in water, then under room temperature continuous stirring condition, add in ammonium persulfate, be passed through nitrogen deoxygenation 0.5-2 it is small when
Afterwards, be warming up to 80-100 DEG C of reaction 12-24 it is small when, filter residue is obtained by filtration, it is small that filter residue is dried in vacuo at 40-80 DEG C to 10-24
When, the biological carbon containing hydrophilic radical is made；
(3) polybismaleimide, the biological carbon containing hydrophilic radical and ethyl alcohol are mixed to form suspension, by the suspension
Liquid mist is granulated to obtain compound bio micropowder, is finally dried in vacuo；
(4) according to required weight ratio by compound bio carbon, melamine-urea-formaldehyde resin particle, stalk powder, silver powder, friendship
Join agent TAC injection moulding mold after mixing, after extrusion forming, place 24-48 it is small when, be finally heated at 50-70 DEG C
Dry hardening sizing, is made the biomass carbon mud.
8. the preparation method of biomass carbon mud according to claim 7, biological carbon matrix precursor and polyethylene glycol acrylate
Mass ratio be 1: 40-400.
9. according to the preparation method of the claim 7-8 biomass carbon mud stated, the mass ratio of ammonium persulfate and biological carbon matrix precursor
It is 1-10: 1.
10. the preparation method of the biomass carbon mud according to claim 7-9, step (3) vacuum drying temperature is 40-80
DEG C, when the time is 10-24 small.
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Application publication date: 20180605 |