CN108106594B - Real-time measuring method for deformation of building - Google Patents
Real-time measuring method for deformation of building Download PDFInfo
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- CN108106594B CN108106594B CN201711273486.6A CN201711273486A CN108106594B CN 108106594 B CN108106594 B CN 108106594B CN 201711273486 A CN201711273486 A CN 201711273486A CN 108106594 B CN108106594 B CN 108106594B
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01B—MEASURING LENGTH, THICKNESS OR SIMILAR LINEAR DIMENSIONS; MEASURING ANGLES; MEASURING AREAS; MEASURING IRREGULARITIES OF SURFACES OR CONTOURS
- G01B21/00—Measuring arrangements or details thereof, where the measuring technique is not covered by the other groups of this subclass, unspecified or not relevant
- G01B21/32—Measuring arrangements or details thereof, where the measuring technique is not covered by the other groups of this subclass, unspecified or not relevant for measuring the deformation in a solid
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01C—MEASURING DISTANCES, LEVELS OR BEARINGS; SURVEYING; NAVIGATION; GYROSCOPIC INSTRUMENTS; PHOTOGRAMMETRY OR VIDEOGRAMMETRY
- G01C5/00—Measuring height; Measuring distances transverse to line of sight; Levelling between separated points; Surveyors' levels
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Abstract
The invention provides a method for measuring the non-uniform settlement and the plane deformation of a building in real time by utilizing a three-dimensional scanner, an inclinometer, a static level gauge and a wireless transmission device, and provides a method and a system for realizing wireless transmission and measuring the non-uniform settlement and the foundation non-uniform settlement of the building in real time, wherein the measurement result has higher precision, the method and the system can truly reflect the deformation data of the building and a specific component, reduce manual operation, greatly improve the efficiency and the measurement precision, solve the problems of poor precision, low manual efficiency and incapability of real-time monitoring of the existing deformation monitoring means, can be applied to historical protection building repair and reconstruction projects, and realize high-precision and real-time data monitoring of the deformation of the building.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a real-time measuring method for building deformation.
Background
At present, traditional measuring instruments such as a level and a theodolite are used for monitoring data such as plane deformation of a building and uneven settlement of a foundation. The manual leveling work is complicated and has large errors, and only a very low monitoring frequency can be maintained; the traditional measuring instrument and the measuring method can not obtain deformation data of a building in real time, the data post-processing is complex, the efficiency is low, and the intelligent operation and maintenance trend of building development can not be met. The level gauge carries out closed calculation by manually measuring the elevation of each measuring point, and then carries out error precision, and finally obtains the elevation difference of the measuring points, namely uneven settlement. The method is influenced by various environmental factors such as temperature, air pressure and the like, and the data of the measuring point is inaccurate, so that the precision of the whole measuring result is influenced.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a real-time building deformation measuring method which can solve the problems of poor precision, low manual efficiency and incapability of monitoring in real time of the existing deformation monitoring means.
In order to solve the above problems, the present invention provides a real-time building deformation measuring method, which comprises:
establishing an original BIM three-dimensional model of a building according to a design drawing of the building;
in each construction stage, a three-dimensional scanner is adopted to perform entity scanning on the inside and the outside of the building to obtain entity data of the building, and an entity BIM three-dimensional model of the building is established according to the entity data of the building and an original BIM three-dimensional model of the building;
carrying out staged overlapping treatment on the entity BIM three-dimensional model of the building in each construction stage according to the construction stage to generate and display BIM deformation information and data of the building and members thereof;
setting a plurality of control points for measuring plane and vertical surface deformation on each plane and vertical surface of the building, respectively measuring the inclination angle and basic settlement deformation data of the control points by using an inclinometer and a static level gauge, and uploading the inclination angle and basic settlement deformation data of the control points to a cloud database through a wireless data acquisition and transmission module;
acquiring the inclination angle and the foundation settlement deformation data of the control point from the cloud database, and correcting BIM deformation information and data of the building and the members of the building according to the inclination angle and the foundation settlement deformation data of the control point;
and generating a BIM three-dimensional model of the corresponding building according to the corrected BIM deformation information and data of the building and the members of the building, and displaying the BIM three-dimensional model.
Further, in the above method, the modifying deformation information and data of the building and its members based on the inclination angle of the control point and the foundation settlement deformation data includes:
comparing the inclination angle and the foundation settlement deformation data of the control point with the BIM deformation information and data of the building and the members thereof,
and if the error range is larger than the preset error range, correcting the deformation information and data of the building and the members thereof.
Further, in the above method, the physical data of the building includes parameters of a major structural member size, a position, and an elevation of the building.
Further, in the above method, a plurality of control points for measuring deformation of the plane and the vertical plane are provided on each plane and vertical plane of the building, and the inclination angle and the foundation settlement deformation data of the control points are measured by using an inclinometer and a static level gauge, respectively, including:
the method comprises the steps of arranging a plurality of control points for measuring the deformation of the vertical surface on the vertical surface of the building, installing an inclinometer at the position of the control points for measuring the deformation of the vertical surface, and measuring a first inclination angle and a second inclination angle of each control point relative to two directions which are vertical to each other on the vertical surface through the inclinometer.
Further, in the above method, the correcting the BIM deformation information and data of the building and its members according to the inclination angle of the control point and the foundation settlement deformation data includes:
obtaining deformation of the corresponding control points in two mutually perpendicular directions on the vertical surface according to the first inclination angle and the second inclination angle of each control point in the two mutually perpendicular directions on the vertical surface and the elevation corresponding to each control point;
and correcting the BIM deformation information and data of the building and the members thereof according to the deformation amount of each control point in two directions perpendicular to each other on a vertical plane.
Further, in the above method, a plurality of control points for measuring deformation of the plane and the vertical plane are provided on each plane and vertical plane of the building, and the inclination angle and the basic settlement deformation data of the control points are measured by using an inclinometer and a high-precision hydrostatic level, respectively, the method includes:
setting control points for settlement observation along the periphery of a building on a first-floor plane of the building, and arranging a plurality of hydrostatic levels on the control points for settlement observation, wherein the hydrostatic levels are connected through water pipes;
and measuring the basic settlement deformation data of the control point by using the static level gauge.
Compared with the prior art, the method for measuring the uneven settlement and the plane deformation of the building in real time by utilizing the three-dimensional scanner, the inclinometer, the static leveling instrument and the wireless transmission equipment realizes wireless transmission and the method and the system for measuring the uneven settlement of the building and the uneven settlement of the foundation in real time, has higher precision of the measurement result, can truly reflect the deformation data of the building and a specific component, reduces manual operation, greatly improves the efficiency and the measurement precision, solves the problems of poor precision, low manual efficiency and incapability of real-time monitoring of the existing deformation monitoring means, can be applied to the maintenance and reconstruction engineering of historical protection buildings, and realizes the high-precision and real-time data monitoring of the deformation of the building.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a flowchart of a method for real-time measurement of building deformation according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
In order to make the aforementioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention comprehensible, embodiments accompanied with figures are described in further detail below.
As shown in fig. 1, the present invention provides a real-time building deformation measuring method, which includes:
step S1, establishing an original BIM three-dimensional model of a building according to a design drawing of the building;
step S2, in each construction stage, a high-precision three-dimensional scanner is adopted to perform entity scanning on the inside and the outside of the building to obtain entity data of the building, and an entity BIM three-dimensional model of the building is established according to the entity data of the building and the original BIM three-dimensional model of the building;
here, because the data volume of the entity BIM three-dimensional model is large, the whole building can be scanned once at long intervals, for example, every month or every few days by using a high-precision three-dimensional scanner;
step S3, carrying out staged overlapping treatment on the entity BIM three-dimensional model of the building at each construction stage according to the construction stage, and generating and displaying BIM deformation information and data of the building and the components thereof;
after each construction process of the project is completed, the building is scanned in three dimensions to establish a BIM three-dimensional model of the completed process, and the BIM three-dimensional model is compared with the BIM three-dimensional model established according to the design drawing, so that whether the construction process meets the construction requirements or not is quickly and efficiently checked in a reverse mode, the effects of leakage detection and defect filling are achieved, and the site construction is more refined and standardized;
step S4, arranging a plurality of control points for measuring plane and vertical surface deformation on each plane and vertical surface of the building, respectively measuring the inclination angle and the basic settlement deformation data of the control points by using an inclinometer and a high-precision hydrostatic level, and uploading the inclination angle and the basic settlement deformation data of the control points to a cloud database through a wireless data acquisition and transmission module, so that the field measurement data of each control point of the building can be remotely acquired in real time;
the three instruments of the static level gauge, the inclinometer and the three-dimensional scanner can be simultaneously measured and recalibrated at the key measuring point of the building, namely the control point, so that the measuring result is high in accuracy and wide in application range;
the inclination angle and the basic settlement deformation data of the control point obtained in the whole process are measured and are directly transmitted to a cloud database in real time in a wireless mode through a wireless data acquisition and transmission module, manual operation is not needed, and therefore efficiency is greatly improved;
step S5, acquiring the inclination angle and the foundation settlement deformation data of the control point from the cloud database, and correcting the BIM deformation information and data of the building and the members thereof according to the inclination angle and the foundation settlement deformation data of the control point;
the inclination angle of the control point and the data volume of the basic settlement deformation data are small, so that the cloud database can be continuously collected and updated in real time, and further the deformation data of the building can be continuously updated;
and step S6, generating and displaying a BIM three-dimensional model of the corresponding building according to the corrected BIM deformation information and data of the building and the members thereof.
Here, in this embodiment, by setting up the display platform of the 3D model based on the BIM model and by real-time setting of the inclination angle and the basic settlement deformation data of the control point, cloud map changes (such as stress and displacement state changes) and three-dimensional deformations caused by the three-dimensional whole of the building and node deformations caused by the inclination angle and the basic settlement deformation data of the control point are visually displayed in real time, and visual display and analysis of the data are realized.
In an embodiment of the method for real-time measuring deformation of a building, the method for correcting deformation information and data of the building and members thereof according to the inclination angle of the control point and the basic settlement deformation data comprises the following steps:
comparing the inclination angle and the foundation settlement deformation data of the control point with the BIM deformation information and data of the building and the members thereof,
and if the error range is larger than the preset error range, correcting the deformation information and the data of the building and the members thereof, thereby avoiding unnecessary corrected data calculation amount.
In an embodiment of the real-time building deformation measuring method, the three-dimensional scanner is 0.03 mm.
In an embodiment of the real-time building deformation measuring method, the entity data of the building comprise parameters such as the size, the position and the elevation of the main structural member of the building, so that the accurate entity BIM three-dimensional model of the building can be established.
In an embodiment of the method for real-time measuring deformation of a building, a plurality of control points for measuring deformation of a plane and a vertical face are arranged on each plane and vertical face of the building, and an inclination angle and basic settlement deformation data of the control points are respectively measured by using an inclinometer and a high-precision static level, and the method comprises the following steps:
the method comprises the steps of setting a plurality of control points for measuring the deformation of the vertical surface on the vertical surface of the building, numbering the control points, installing an inclinometer at the position of the corresponding control point, and measuring a first inclination angle and a second inclination angle of each control point relative to two mutually perpendicular directions on the vertical surface through the inclinometer, thereby realizing more accurate correction of deformation data and information.
In an embodiment of the method for real-time measurement of building deformation, the correction of BIM deformation information and data of the building and its members according to the inclination angle of the control point and the basic settlement deformation data includes:
obtaining deformation of the corresponding control points in two mutually perpendicular directions on the vertical surface according to the first inclination angle and the second inclination angle of each control point in the two mutually perpendicular directions on the vertical surface and the elevation corresponding to each control point;
the elevation corresponding to each control point can be obtained through a total station;
and correcting the BIM deformation information and data of the building and the members thereof according to the deformation amount of each control point in two directions perpendicular to each other on a vertical plane, thereby realizing more accurate correction of the deformation data and information.
In an embodiment of the method for real-time measuring deformation of a building, a plurality of control points for measuring deformation of a plane and a vertical face are arranged on each plane and vertical face of the building, and an inclination angle and basic settlement deformation data of the control points are respectively measured by using an inclinometer and a high-precision static level, and the method comprises the following steps:
setting control points for settlement observation along the periphery of a building on a first-floor plane of the building, arranging a plurality of high-precision hydrostatic levels on the control points for settlement observation, connecting the hydrostatic levels through water pipes, and numbering the hydrostatic levels;
and measuring the basic settlement deformation data of the control point by using the static level gauge, thereby realizing more accurate correction of the deformation data and information.
The present invention also provides another real-time building deformation measuring system, including:
the system comprises an original model module, a building model module and a building model module, wherein the original model module is used for establishing an original BIM three-dimensional model of a building according to a design drawing of the building;
the entity model module is used for carrying out entity scanning on the inside and the outside of the building by adopting a three-dimensional scanner at each construction stage to obtain entity data of the building and establishing an entity BIM three-dimensional model of the building according to the entity data of the building and an original BIM three-dimensional model of the building;
here, because the data volume of the entity BIM three-dimensional model is large, the whole building can be scanned once at long intervals, for example, every month or every few days by using a high-precision three-dimensional scanner;
the deformation calculation module is used for carrying out staged superposition processing on the entity BIM three-dimensional model of the building in each construction stage according to the construction stage, and generating and displaying BIM deformation information and data of the building and the components of the building;
after each construction process of the project is completed, the building is scanned in three dimensions to establish a BIM three-dimensional model of the completed process, and the BIM three-dimensional model is compared with the BIM three-dimensional model established according to the design drawing, so that whether the construction process meets the construction requirements or not is quickly and efficiently checked in a reverse mode, the effects of leakage detection and defect filling are achieved, and the site construction is more refined and standardized;
the acquisition module is used for setting a plurality of control points for measuring plane and vertical surface deformation on each plane and vertical surface of the building, respectively measuring the inclination angle and the basic settlement deformation data of the control points by using an inclinometer and a static level gauge, and uploading the inclination angle and the basic settlement deformation data of the control points to a cloud database through the wireless data acquisition and transmission module, so that the field measurement data of each control point of the building can be remotely acquired in real time;
the three instruments of the static level gauge, the inclinometer and the three-dimensional scanner can be simultaneously measured and recalibrated at the key measuring point of the building, namely the control point, so that the measuring result is high in accuracy and wide in application range;
the inclination angle and the basic settlement deformation data of the control point obtained in the whole process are measured and are directly transmitted to a cloud database in real time in a wireless mode through a wireless data acquisition and transmission module, manual operation is not needed, and therefore efficiency is greatly improved;
the correction and display module is used for acquiring the inclination angle and the foundation settlement deformation data of the control point from the cloud database, and correcting the BIM deformation information and data of the building and the members of the building according to the inclination angle and the foundation settlement deformation data of the control point; and generating a BIM three-dimensional model of the corresponding building according to the corrected BIM deformation information and data of the building and the members of the building, and displaying the BIM three-dimensional model.
The inclination angle of the control point and the data volume of the basic settlement deformation data are small, so that the cloud database can be continuously collected and updated in real time, and further the deformation data of the building can be continuously updated;
in the embodiment, the inclination angle and the foundation settlement deformation data of the control point are real-timely displayed, and the display platform of the 3D model is established based on the BIM model, so that the cloud map changes (such as stress and displacement state changes) and three-dimensional deformation caused by the three-dimensional whole of the building and node deformation caused by the inclination angle and the foundation settlement deformation data of the control point are visually displayed in real time, and the visual display and analysis of the data are realized.
In an embodiment of the real-time building deformation measuring system of the present invention, the correcting and displaying module is configured to compare the inclination angle and the basic settlement deformation data of the control point with the BIM deformation information and data of the building and its components, and correct the deformation information and data of the building and its components if the deviation is larger than a preset error range, so as to avoid unnecessary data calculation amount for correction.
In an embodiment of the real-time building deformation measuring system of the present invention, the physical data of the building includes parameters of the size, position and elevation of the main structural member of the building, so as to ensure that an accurate physical BIM three-dimensional model of the building can be established accordingly.
In an embodiment of the real-time building deformation measuring system, the acquisition module is configured to set a plurality of control points for measuring deformation of the vertical surface on the vertical surface of the building, install an inclinometer at a position of the control point for measuring deformation of the vertical surface, and measure a first inclination angle and a second inclination angle of each control point relative to two mutually perpendicular directions on the vertical surface by using the inclinometer, thereby implementing more accurate correction of deformation data and information.
In an embodiment of the system for real-time measuring of building deformation, the correction and display module is configured to obtain deformation amounts of corresponding control points in two mutually perpendicular directions on a vertical plane according to a first inclination angle and a second inclination angle of each control point in the two mutually perpendicular directions on the vertical plane and an elevation corresponding to each control point; and correcting the BIM deformation information and data of the building and the members thereof according to the deformation amount of each control point in two directions perpendicular to each other on a vertical plane.
The elevation corresponding to each control point can be obtained through a total station; the present embodiment can realize more accurate correction of the deformation data and information.
In an embodiment of the real-time building deformation measurement system, the acquisition module is used for setting control points for settlement observation along the periphery of a building on a first floor plane of the building, arranging a plurality of static level gauges on the control points for settlement observation, and connecting the static level gauges through water pipes; and measuring the basic settlement deformation data of the control point by using the static level gauge, thereby realizing more accurate correction of the deformation data and information.
In summary, the invention utilizes the three-dimensional scanner, the inclinometer, the static level gauge and the wireless transmission equipment to measure the non-uniform settlement and the plane deformation of the building in real time, realizes the wireless transmission and the real-time measurement of the plane deformation of the building and the non-uniform settlement of the foundation, has a method and a system with higher precision of the measurement result, can truly reflect the deformation data of the building and the specific components, reduces the manual operation, greatly improves the efficiency and the measurement precision, solves the problems of poor precision, low manual efficiency and incapability of real-time monitoring of the existing deformation monitoring means, can be applied to the maintenance and reconstruction engineering of historical protection buildings, and realizes the high-precision and real-time data monitoring of the deformation of the building.
The embodiments in the present description are described in a progressive manner, each embodiment focuses on differences from other embodiments, and the same and similar parts among the embodiments are referred to each other.
Those of skill would further appreciate that the various illustrative elements and algorithm steps described in connection with the embodiments disclosed herein may be implemented as electronic hardware, computer software, or combinations of both, and that the various illustrative components and steps have been described above generally in terms of their functionality in order to clearly illustrate this interchangeability of hardware and software. Whether such functionality is implemented as hardware or software depends upon the particular application and design constraints imposed on the implementation. Skilled artisans may implement the described functionality in varying ways for each particular application, but such implementation decisions should not be interpreted as causing a departure from the scope of the present invention.
It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various changes and modifications may be made in the invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention. Thus, if such modifications and variations of the present invention fall within the scope of the claims of the present invention and their equivalents, the present invention is also intended to include such modifications and variations.
Claims (5)
1. A method for real-time measurement of building deformation, comprising:
establishing an original BIM three-dimensional model of a building according to a design drawing of the building;
in each construction stage, a three-dimensional scanner is adopted to perform entity scanning on the inside and the outside of the building to obtain entity data of the building, and an entity BIM three-dimensional model of the building is established according to the entity data of the building and an original BIM three-dimensional model of the building;
carrying out staged overlapping treatment on the entity BIM three-dimensional model of the building in each construction stage according to the construction stage to generate and display BIM deformation information and data of the building and members thereof;
setting a plurality of control points for measuring plane and vertical surface deformation on each plane and vertical surface of the building, respectively measuring the inclination angle and basic settlement deformation data of the control points by using an inclinometer and a static level gauge, and uploading the inclination angle and basic settlement deformation data of the control points to a cloud database through a wireless data acquisition and transmission module;
acquiring the inclination angle and the foundation settlement deformation data of the control point from the cloud database, and correcting BIM deformation information and data of the building and the members of the building according to the inclination angle and the foundation settlement deformation data of the control point;
generating a BIM three-dimensional model of the corresponding building according to the corrected BIM deformation information and data of the building and the members of the building, and displaying the BIM three-dimensional model;
the method comprises the following steps of setting a plurality of control points for measuring plane and vertical surface deformation on each plane and vertical surface of the building, and respectively measuring the inclination angle and the foundation settlement deformation data of the control points by using an inclinometer and a high-precision hydrostatic level, wherein the method comprises the following steps:
setting control points for settlement observation along the periphery of a building on a first-floor plane of the building, and arranging a plurality of hydrostatic levels on the control points for settlement observation, wherein the hydrostatic levels are connected through water pipes;
and measuring the basic settlement deformation data of the control point by using the static level gauge.
2. The method for real-time measurement of building deformation according to claim 1, wherein the correction of the deformation information and data of the building and its components according to the inclination angle of the control point and the foundation settlement deformation data comprises:
comparing the inclination angle and the foundation settlement deformation data of the control point with the BIM deformation information and data of the building and the members thereof,
and if the error range is larger than the preset error range, correcting the deformation information and data of the building and the members thereof.
3. The method of real-time building deformation measurement according to claim 1, wherein the physical data of the building includes parameters of major structural member size, position and elevation of the building.
4. The method for real-time measurement of building deformation according to claim 1, wherein a plurality of control points for measuring the deformation of the plane and the vertical plane are provided on each plane and vertical plane of the building, and the tilt angle and the foundation settlement deformation data of the control points are measured by using an inclinometer and a static level gauge, respectively, comprising:
the method comprises the steps of arranging a plurality of control points for measuring the deformation of the vertical surface on the vertical surface of the building, installing an inclinometer at the position of the control points for measuring the deformation of the vertical surface, and measuring a first inclination angle and a second inclination angle of each control point relative to two directions which are vertical to each other on the vertical surface through the inclinometer.
5. The method for real-time measurement of building deformation according to claim 4, wherein the correction of BIM deformation information and data of the building and its members according to the inclination angle of the control point and the foundation settlement deformation data comprises:
obtaining deformation of the corresponding control points in two mutually perpendicular directions on the vertical surface according to the first inclination angle and the second inclination angle of each control point in the two mutually perpendicular directions on the vertical surface and the elevation corresponding to each control point;
and correcting the BIM deformation information and data of the building and the members thereof according to the deformation amount of each control point in two directions perpendicular to each other on a vertical plane.
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| CN110644542B (en) * | 2019-09-27 | 2021-06-04 | 北京工业大学 | Modularization correcting unit of basis differential settlement |
| CN111457854A (en) * | 2020-04-16 | 2020-07-28 | 福建汇川物联网技术科技股份有限公司 | Deformation monitoring method and device based on building |
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| CN114001709A (en) * | 2021-10-13 | 2022-02-01 | 中研中鉴(北京)工程质量检测有限公司 | Building settlement monitoring method and system |
| CN115538412A (en) * | 2022-09-23 | 2022-12-30 | 上海建工集团股份有限公司 | Building deflection accurate control method in existing building underground horizontal building process |
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