CN109033592B - BIM lofting method for special-shaped veneer - Google Patents
BIM lofting method for special-shaped veneer Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN109033592B CN109033592B CN201810773786.9A CN201810773786A CN109033592B CN 109033592 B CN109033592 B CN 109033592B CN 201810773786 A CN201810773786 A CN 201810773786A CN 109033592 B CN109033592 B CN 109033592B
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- lofting
- control network
- point
- measuring
- building structure
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Active
Links
Images
Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
- G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
- G06F30/00—Computer-aided design [CAD]
- G06F30/10—Geometric CAD
- G06F30/13—Architectural design, e.g. computer-aided architectural design [CAAD] related to design of buildings, bridges, landscapes, production plants or roads
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
- G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
- G06F30/00—Computer-aided design [CAD]
- G06F30/20—Design optimisation, verification or simulation
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
- G06T—IMAGE DATA PROCESSING OR GENERATION, IN GENERAL
- G06T17/00—Three dimensional [3D] modelling, e.g. data description of 3D objects
Abstract
The invention discloses a BIM lofting method of a special-shaped veneer, and relates to the field of building construction. The lofting method comprises a measuring step, a scanning step, a modeling step, a lofting step and a retesting step; a measurement control network with a plurality of control points is arranged and established in the measurement step; in the scanning step, a three-dimensional scanner is adopted to perform three-dimensional scanning on the building structure main body so as to obtain three-dimensional data of the building structure main body; in the modeling step, three-dimensional scanning data are arranged into point clouds, a building structure main body BIM model is reversely built, the BIM model is integrated with measurement control network data, and the BIM model is adjusted to the measurement control network coordinates. The lofting method utilizes BIM to fit the three-dimensional model of the building structure with the measurement control network, is suitable for both indoor and outdoor, and can more scientifically and accurately guide lofting on the building structure in the construction process so as to install building modules.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of building decoration construction, in particular to a BIM lofting method of a special-shaped veneer.
Background
At present, along with technological progress and development of building technology, new materials, new processes and new technologies of building external curtain walls or indoor space veneers are continuously emerging, and due to the fact that special-shaped veneers have a strong decorative effect, architects often select special-shaped building structures and special-shaped veneers (including outdoor veneers and indoor veneers) to represent unique and individual elements of a building.
However, for irregular building structures with irregular flat vertical surfaces and irregular three-dimensional space shapes, the method has the characteristics of large engineering construction area, more construction penetration operations, complex site internal environment and complex engineering measurement environment in the process of installing and constructing the irregular building structures. In addition, in the construction installation on site, because the main structure of the building structure is easy to include different structural systems, the difference of temperature difference between expansion caused by heat and contraction caused by cold exists, and meanwhile, because the space structures of the special-shaped veneer are different, the measurement lofting and positioning are very difficult in the installation construction process of the special-shaped veneer.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to overcome the defects of the prior art, the invention aims to provide the BIM lofting method of the special-shaped decorative panel, which is convenient for improving the precision of the mounting lofting of the special-shaped decorative panel.
The invention adopts the following technical scheme:
a BIM lofting method of a special-shaped veneer comprises the following steps:
the measuring step comprises the following steps: site survey, namely selecting site construction control points, and arranging a measurement control network with a plurality of control points, wherein the measurement control network comprises a horizontal control network and a height control network;
scanning: adopting a three-dimensional scanner to perform three-dimensional scanning on the building structure main body so as to obtain three-dimensional data of the building structure main body;
modeling: the three-dimensional scanning data are arranged into point clouds, a building structure main body BIM model is reversely built, the BIM model and the measurement control network data are integrated, and the BIM model is adjusted to the measurement control network coordinates;
and (3) lofting: preparing a measuring instrument and a measuring mark, selecting a lofting point in a BIM model according to a design drawing, selecting a control point in a measurement control network according to coordinate data of the lofting point in the BIM model, directly setting a station on the control point to erect the measuring instrument, setting the measuring mark at a position to be lofted, transferring the lofting point in the BIM model to a construction site by matching the measuring instrument with the measuring mark, and marking the lofting point determined by the construction site;
and retesting: after the building module is constructed and installed to the lofting point, at least three characteristic points of the building module are selected, a measuring instrument and a measuring mark are prepared, the measuring instrument is erected on a control point in a measuring control network, the measuring mark is arranged on the characteristic points, the measuring instrument is used for measuring the measuring mark, the three-dimensional coordinates of the characteristic points are obtained through calculation, and the error value of the three-dimensional coordinates is kept within an error limit value according to the three-dimensional coordinate data of the characteristic points and the three-dimensional coordinate data of the lofting point.
Further, the special-shaped building structure is provided with a plurality of building modules to be constructed and installed, and the building modules at least comprise a basic layer steel frame module and a special-shaped veneer module;
the special-shaped building structure at least sequentially comprises: the method comprises a basic layer steel frame lofting step, a retesting step, a special-shaped veneer lofting step and a retesting step.
Further, before lofting the special-shaped veneer, retesting is required to be carried out on the special-shaped veneer factory tire membrane, and tire membrane characteristic points of the special-shaped veneer factory tire membrane are retested: selecting a plurality of characteristic points along the outline edge line of the fetal membrane at intervals, selecting a plurality of characteristic points along the turning line at intervals, and selecting a plurality of characteristic points along the main surface of the fetal membrane at intervals;
after the characteristic points are selected, setting up a fetal membrane measuring base station in a detection area, erecting a measuring instrument on the base station, measuring the three-dimensional coordinates of the fetal membrane characteristic points, setting up a fetal membrane model according to the three-dimensional coordinates of the fetal membrane characteristic points measured on site, comparing the fetal membrane model established on site with a fetal membrane design model, determining whether the fetal membrane of a special-shaped veneer factory is qualified or not, and if the fetal membrane is qualified, carrying out lofting installation and retesting of the special-shaped veneer.
Further, after the horizontal control network is established, checking is carried out by adopting a GPS receiver, and vertical transmission of the horizontal control network is carried out by adopting a laser collimator and a total station; after the elevation control network is established, the total station zenith and heading method is adopted to carry out vertical transmission of the elevation control network, and an electronic level gauge is adopted to carry out checking.
Further, in the measuring step, the level control network comprises a first level control network and an encryption control point, and the elevation control network comprises a first level elevation control network and an encryption control point;
the first-level horizontal control network and the first-level elevation control network comprise a plurality of first-level control points, the first-level control points are provided with forced centering devices, and the forced centering devices are used for installing measuring instruments.
Further, in the measuring step, the point location of the encryption control point is set at a place which is stable, reliable, not easy to break and convenient to measure, a station is set on the encryption control point, the direction, the distance and the vertical angle of observation of a plurality of known points are sequentially observed, and the three-dimensional coordinates of the construction control point are obtained through adjustment calculation so as to encrypt the measurement control network.
Further, the scanning step includes: the method comprises the steps of performing on-site investigation to know the peripheral structure of the whole building structure, performing on-site investigation to know the top structure of the building structure, knowing the on-site construction condition and the object stacking condition, selecting a scanning control point, placing a three-dimensional digital scanner at the scanning control point, selecting a coordinate acquisition point at the periphery and the top of a main body of the building structure, arranging a marker at the coordinate acquisition point, and scanning and identifying the marker on the main body of the building structure by using the three-dimensional digital scanner to obtain three-dimensional data of the main body of the building structure;
the modeling step includes: and sending the three-dimensional data obtained by the three-dimensional digital scanner to a point cloud processing system, processing the three-dimensional data by the point cloud processing system to obtain a building structure point cloud model, inputting control network coordinate information into the point cloud system, and adjusting the point cloud model to the measurement control network so that the building structure model corresponds to the measurement control network coordinate.
Further, in the lofting step, the measuring instrument is an NTS-312R total station, and the measuring mark includes a mini centering rod and a microprism.
Further, in the retest step, when the feature points are in a region with good visibility, the measuring mark adopts the mark of the Leica reflector; when the miniature prism is erected on the miniature centering rod during use, the miniature centering rod is arranged at the characteristic point.
Further, the method further comprises the step of setting structural health observation points: healthy observation points are selected at key positions of a main body of the building structure, and observation point identification marks are made on a construction site, so that each healthy observation point is easy to measure, and each building module monitors the healthy observation point after being installed.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
by scanning a BIM three-dimensional model of the building structure, integrating the building structure three-dimensional model with a measurement control network for on-site measurement by utilizing the BIM, and combining a horizontal control network and a height control network in the measurement control network, the precision of the control network is greatly improved, the lofting on the building structure in the construction process can be more scientifically and accurately guided to install a building module, the lofting of the special-shaped decorative panel can be more scientifically carried out on the basis, and the lofting precision is greatly improved; meanwhile, the lofting method of the special-shaped decorative panel is not only suitable for the installation lofting of indoor special-shaped decorative panels (such as the installation lofting of GRG in an opera house, the installation lofting of special-shaped space modeling decorative surfaces in a hotel lobby and the like), but also suitable for the installation lofting of outdoor special-shaped decorative panels (such as the installation lofting of GRC curtain walls and the like).
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a lofting process according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a diagram of a horizontal control network in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a diagram of an altitude control network according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings and detailed description, wherein it is to be understood that, on the premise of no conflict, the following embodiments or technical features may be arbitrarily combined to form new embodiments.
The embodiment specifically describes a BIM lofting method of a special-shaped veneer based on a theatre building structure with an irregular curved surface, and the specific lofting method comprises the following steps:
the measuring step comprises the following steps: on-site investigation, selecting construction control points, and arranging a measurement control network with a plurality of control points, wherein the measurement control network comprises a horizontal control network and a height control network; in order to improve the measurement accuracy, a measurement reference net is reasonably arranged in a partition of a building structure main body (namely the building structure main body) of a theater, and comprises two parts, namely an in-site part and an out-of-site part, wherein a plane and an elevation are combined so as to conveniently form a system to scientifically guide lofting;
scanning: adopting a three-dimensional scanner to perform three-dimensional scanning on the building structure main body so as to obtain three-dimensional data of the building structure main body;
modeling: the three-dimensional scanning data are arranged into point clouds, a building structure main body BIM model is reversely built, the BIM model and the measurement control network data are integrated, and the BIM model is adjusted to the measurement control network coordinates; by building the building structure main body BIM model on the basis of the measurement control network coordinates, the two are subjected to point-to-point fitting, and compared with the traditional method of adopting two-dimensional plane in-situ lofting, the method and the device are more suitable for lofting in an oversized, ultrahigh or irregularly-shaped three-dimensional building space;
and (3) lofting: preparing a measuring instrument and a measuring mark, selecting a lofting point in a BIM model according to a design drawing, selecting a control point in a measurement control network according to coordinate data of the lofting point in the BIM model, directly setting a station on the control point to erect the measuring instrument, setting the measuring mark at a position to be lofted, transferring the lofting point in the BIM model to a construction site by matching the measuring instrument with the measuring mark, and marking the lofting point determined by the construction site; it should be noted that, because of the environmental temperature change and the sunlight influence, the measurement positioning is very difficult, and when the accurate lofting positioning is performed, the distribution rule of the structure temperature must be monitored, the sunlight effect is avoided, and the structure deformation is calculated and adjusted through computer simulation;
and retesting: after the building module is constructed and installed to the lofting point, at least three characteristic points of the building module are selected, a measuring instrument and a measuring mark are prepared, the measuring instrument is erected on a control point in a measuring control network, the measuring mark is arranged on the characteristic points, the measuring instrument is used for measuring the measuring mark, three-dimensional coordinates (plane coordinates and elevation) of the characteristic points are obtained through calculation, and the three-dimensional coordinate data of the characteristic points are compared with the three-dimensional coordinate data of the lofting point, so that the error value of the three-dimensional coordinate data of the characteristic points is kept within an error limit value. Through retesting after each lofting, the accuracy of each lofting procedure can be ensured, error accumulation is avoided, and construction quality is improved
Preferably, because the engineering quantity of lofting of special-shaped building structures is large, the steps are complex, in order to ensure the lofting accuracy of each stage, retesting is required to be carried out after lofting and installation of each building module, and meanwhile, integral observation is required to be carried out on the whole building structure after lofting of each building module, and BIM (building information modeling) model is adjusted and updated in time or installation errors are adjusted in time so as to reduce accumulated errors, and the lofting accuracy of the next process is improved so as to improve the lofting accuracy of the whole engineering.
Specifically, the special-shaped building structure is provided with a plurality of building modules to be constructed and installed, and the building modules at least comprise a basic layer steel frame module and a special-shaped veneer module; in the process of installing the special-shaped veneer in the embodiment, the building module comprises an embedded part module, a base layer steel frame module, a connecting part module and the like; the dysmorphism decorative board includes at least in proper order when constructing the lofting: the method comprises a basic layer steel frame lofting step, a retesting step, a special-shaped veneer lofting step and a retesting step, and sequentially comprises an embedded part lofting step, a retesting step, a basic layer steel frame lofting step, a connecting part lofting step, a retesting step, a special-shaped veneer lofting step and a retesting step when construction lofting is carried out on the engineering of the embodiment. Wherein, the lofting installation of built-in fitting module, basic unit steelframe and connecting piece is all in order to make the dysmorphism decorative board install on the building structure body better.
Specifically, the engineering measurement and the installation steps of the building structure with the special-shaped structure of the embodiment are as follows: the method comprises the steps of on-site investigation, civil engineering control point handover and retesting, measurement control network layout, three-dimensional scanning of a main building structure, reverse modeling, comprehensive data analysis, three-dimensional lofting and retesting of an embedded part, mounting lofting and retesting of a basic steel frame, mounting lofting and retesting of a connecting piece, building a tire membrane of a special-shaped veneer factory, retesting of a special-shaped veneer finished product and a back bearing steel frame, on-site installation of the special-shaped veneer, retesting, and measurement reporting, and simultaneously referring to fig. 1, the method is a measurement lofting process with a plurality of lofting procedures (with a plurality of building modules) in the embodiment.
Importantly, in the lofting method, before lofting installation is carried out on the special-shaped decorative panel, in order to improve the accuracy of lofting installation, structural error accumulation is avoided after integral engineering lofting caused by construction errors of factory prefabricated members, lofting installation effects are affected, and before lofting is carried out on the special-shaped decorative panel, retesting is needed on a special-shaped decorative panel factory fetal membrane, and fetal membrane characteristic points of the special-shaped decorative panel factory fetal membrane are retested: selecting a plurality of characteristic points along the outline edge line of the fetal membrane at intervals, selecting a plurality of characteristic points along the turning line at intervals, and selecting a plurality of characteristic points along the main surface of the fetal membrane at intervals; after the characteristic points are selected, setting up a fetal membrane measuring base station in a detection area, erecting a measuring instrument on the base station, measuring the three-dimensional coordinates of the fetal membrane characteristic points, setting up a fetal membrane model according to the three-dimensional coordinates of the fetal membrane characteristic points measured on site, comparing the fetal membrane model established on site with a fetal membrane design model, determining whether the fetal membrane of a special-shaped veneer factory is qualified or not, and if the fetal membrane is qualified, carrying out lofting installation and retesting of the special-shaped veneer. Through increasing the retest to special-shaped veneer mill fetal membrane in the lofting method for can accomplish the prefabrication of special-shaped veneer in the mill, reduce job site's work load, avoid the secondary adjustment of job site, still can improve the lofting precision of special-shaped veneer simultaneously.
In the following, the detailed schemes will be described for the above-mentioned measuring step, scanning step, modeling step, lofting step, and retesting step.
(1) Detailed scheme about measurement steps:
preferably, in the measuring step, the horizontal control network includes a first level horizontal control network and an encryption control point, the elevation control network includes a first level elevation control network and an encryption control point, the first level horizontal control network and the first level elevation control network each include a plurality of first level control points, the first level control points are provided with a forced centering device, and the forced centering device is used for installing the measuring instrument. Wherein, the first level horizontal (or elevation) control network is preferably laid by adopting a corner network method. The first-level horizontal control network of this embodiment is laid out as shown in fig. 2 (the "working base point" shown in the figure is the first-level horizontal control point). By setting the forced centering device, the arrangement precision of the first-level horizontal (elevation) control network can be greatly improved, and the forced centering device selects the forced centering device. By setting encryption control points based on the BIM model, the accuracy of paying-off positioning can be improved.
Specifically, as shown in fig. 2, a total station is erected on each first-stage horizontal control point to observe the horizontal angle and the side length of the point between all adjacent first-stage horizontal controls in the vision-through area, wherein the technology how to observe the horizontal angle and the distance by using the total station is the mature prior art, and aiming at the characteristics of irregular building structural space and easy difference of temperature difference caused by different structural systems, in the step of measuring the horizontal angle and the side length by using the total station, the following principle needs to be followed: (1) the forced centralizer is used on the instrument measuring station and the sight point, and the base is fixed; (2) before ranging, opening an instrument, a barometer and a thermometer in advance to adapt to external conditions, and observing after a period of time; (3) measuring the height of the instrument and the height of the prism to be millimeter; (4) when ranging, the other reflectors are strictly forbidden to be positioned on the measuring line or the extending line of the measuring line; (5) during operation on sunny days, the distance meter and the prism should be opened, and the instrument is forbidden to be aimed at the sun; (6) the imaging of the target should be carried out in a clear and stable favorable observation time; (7) the rotation of the instrument should be stable and symmetrical, and the instrument should rotate according to a specified direction when aiming at the target; (8) in the observation process, the standard bubble of the standard part is always kept centered; (9) in order to eliminate or reduce the influence of dividing errors of the scale, observation returns of the horizontal angle are uniformly distributed at different positions of the horizontal scale; firstly, carefully adjusting the focal length before observation to eliminate parallax; refocusing during a readjustment observation process is not necessary to cause the variation of the collimation axis; ⑪ under conditions of atmospheric stability and clear imaging; ⑫ record that after inspection, if re-measurement (or complement measurement) is needed, re-measurement (complement measurement) should be performed immediately; the retest generally should be performed after the basic test (i.e. all specified test) is completed, all results are comprehensively analyzed, correct choice is made, and the reasons affecting the quality are analyzed as far as possible; the basic measured results and the retested results are summarized in a record, and each measured result only takes one qualified result.
Specifically, as shown in fig. 3, when the first-level elevation control network is laid, the first-level control point can be shared with the first-level horizontal control network, in this embodiment, TK1 and TK3 are used as known points (also first-level control points) of the first-level elevation control network, a geometric leveling method is adopted, and the elevation control network is observed by a closed leveling route according to the requirement of three-level leveling of the precise elevation control network in the precise engineering measurement specification. The leveling measurement adopts single-path round trip observation, and when the leveling measurement is carried out, the standard order of odd stations is as follows: the even number measuring station is aimed at the order behind and around is: during back and forth and back measurement, the sequence of the scales of the odd and even measuring stations is the same as that of the former measuring station and the latter measuring station.
Specifically, aiming at the characteristics of irregular building structure space and easy temperature difference caused by different structural systems, the following matters should be observed when the first-stage elevation control network is laid by adopting the geometric leveling method in order to ensure the accuracy of measurement: (1) the former measurement (or return measurement) and the latter measurement (or former measurement) of the same measuring section should be carried out in the morning and afternoon respectively; (2) the number of measuring stations of each measuring section is even. When the steering is returned from the past measurement, the two scales need to exchange positions and the instrument should be rearranged; (3) in each section, the forward measurement (or the backward measurement) of all the measurement sections is continuously performed, and then the backward measurement (or the forward measurement) of the section is continuously performed; (4) the instrument must be strictly leveled, and two focusing operations are not required when the instrument is observed on the same measuring station. When the inclined spiral and the micrometric drum of the instrument are rotated, the final rotation direction of the instrument is precession; (5) except for the turning position of the route, the three positions of the instrument and the front and rear sighting marks on each measuring station are close to a straight line. Disabling placement of the stake (stand) in the trench for the purpose of increasing the scale reading; (6) placing the instrument under an open shadow 30min before observation to enable the instrument to be consistent with the outside air temperature; when setting up a station, the sun is shielded by using a measuring umbrella; when the station is moved, an instrument cover is covered; (7) leveling observation should be performed when the scale division line is imaged clearly and stably. No observations should be made in the following cases: after sunrise and before sunset for 30 min; within about 2 hours before and after the middle day of the sun; when the image of the dividing line of the scale jumps and is difficult to be aligned; when the temperature is suddenly changed; when the wind force is too large to make the scale and instrument unstable.
Specifically, after the first-stage plane control network observation is completed, 200% self-checking and mutual checking are carried out on the observed data, so that the original record is accurate and error-free, the measured inclined distance is converted into a horizontal distance through meteorological correction, constant addition and constant multiplication correction, and adjustment is carried out by adopting Qinghai mountain and View professional control network adjustment software NASEW95, so that the method meets the related technical requirements.
Specifically, after the level observation is completed by the first-stage elevation control network, the observation distance, the station number and the altitude difference are subjected to statistics calculation in a segmented mode. 200% inspection is needed for observation record and calculation, so that record and calculation are ensured to be error-free. When the standard requirements are met, the leveling adjustment is performed by adopting Qinghai mountain vitamin adjustment software. The round trip height difference value, the ring closure difference and the error in the measuring station should meet the related technical requirements.
Preferably, for the condition that the adjacent first-stage (horizontal or elevation) control points are invisible in the engineering measurement process, encryption control points are selected for encryption setting, the point positions of the encryption control points are arranged at stable, reliable, difficult to damage and convenient to measure, stations are arranged on the encryption control points, the direction, the distance and the vertical angle of observation are sequentially conducted on a plurality of known points (the known points which can be re-measured), and the three-dimensional coordinates of the construction control points are obtained through adjustment calculation so as to encrypt the measurement control network.
Preferably, after the horizontal control network is established, a GPS receiver is adopted for checking, a laser collimator and a total station are adopted for vertical transmission of the horizontal control network, and the checking is carried out again after the vertical transmission is completed; after the elevation control network is established, checking is carried out, vertical transmission of the elevation control network is carried out by adopting a total station heaven distance measuring method, and checking is carried out by adopting an electronic level gauge. The GPS receiver is adopted for checking, so that the GPS receiver has the advantage of accurate positioning, and can carry out traceability management by matching with the technology of the BIM model system, so that visual guidance on a construction site can be realized, and a visual construction site information management platform can be realized; the total station zenith and zenith distance measuring method is adopted to carry out vertical transmission of the elevation control network, so that the method is more suitable for large-scale buildings, and can improve measurement accuracy and has more advantages compared with other methods.
(2) The specific scheme of the scanning step is as follows:
preferably, the scanning step comprises: the method comprises the steps of performing on-site investigation to know the peripheral structure of the whole building structure, performing on-site investigation to know the top structure of the building structure, knowing the on-site construction condition and the object stacking condition, selecting scanning control points at the periphery (or the inner periphery) of the building structure, placing a three-dimensional digital scanner at the scanning control points, selecting coordinate acquisition points at the periphery and the top of a main body of the building structure, setting markers at the coordinate acquisition points, and scanning and identifying the markers on the main body of the building structure by using the three-dimensional digital scanner to obtain three-dimensional data of the main body of the building structure; wherein the marker can select target paper and marker ball. The target paper and the marker ball are set, so that the fixed-point scanning of the three-dimensional scanner can be facilitated.
Specifically, in the scanning step, for a large and medium building structure, the three-dimensional scanner selects a Tianbao TX8 three-dimensional scanner to perform field scanning, and a target paper is combined with a marker to facilitate data splicing among different control points (measuring stations), so that the Tianbao TX8 can realize faster scanning speed and farther measuring range, and time and energy required by a three-dimensional scanning task are saved.
(3) Specific scheme regarding modeling step:
preferably, the modeling step comprises: and sending the three-dimensional data obtained by the three-dimensional digital scanner to a point cloud processing system, processing the three-dimensional data by the point cloud processing system to obtain a building structure point cloud model, inputting control network coordinate information into the point cloud system, and adjusting the point cloud model to a measurement control network so that the building structure model corresponds to the measurement control network coordinate.
(4) Specific scheme for lofting step:
preferably, in the lofting step, the measuring instrument is a total station, and the measuring mark includes a mini centering rod and a microprism. Through the use of utilizing microprism and mini centering rod, the convenience is fixed the setting of measurement sign on some building structure positions that are difficult to erect large-scale instrument, carries out the lofting operation more easily.
Meanwhile, the method of free station setting corner intersection of the CP III can be utilized to flexibly and rapidly encrypt the measurement control network so as to solve the problem that the station setting at the control point of the measurement control network cannot observe the key position point of the corresponding building module.
(5) The specific scheme of the retest step is as follows:
a total station is selected as a measuring instrument in the retesting step, a centering device and a prism are selected as a measuring mark, the centering device is erected, the prism is installed on the centering device, the measuring instrument is aligned with the prism to measure the azimuth angle and/or the coordinate of the prism, if the offset distance between the position of the prism and the lofting point does not meet the lofting requirement, the position of the prism is adjusted until the offset distance between the position of the prism and the direction and distance between the position of the prism and the lofting point meets the lofting precision requirement, a mark is made on the lofting point after confirmation, retesting is carried out on the lofting point after the mark by using the measuring instrument, and the coordinate error is confirmed to be within an allowable range;
specifically, in the retest step, when feature points are in a region with good vision, the measuring mark adopts a Leica reflector mark; when the feature points are in a poor-vision area, the measuring marks adopt a miniature prism and a miniature centering rod, when the miniature prism is used, the miniature prism is erected on the miniature centering rod, and the miniature centering rod is arranged at the feature points; among them, the reflector mark has the advantages of smaller centering error and equal accuracy with the prism in both angle measurement and distance measurement within 250 m.
It should be noted that, according to the field construction requirement, in order to recheck the field building structure, in order to monitor the overall deformation of the main building structure in the lofting construction process of each building module, so as to correspondingly adjust the lofting construction of the next building module, the setting-out method further comprises a structural health observation point setting step: healthy observation points are selected at key positions of a main body of the building structure, and observation point identification marks are made on a construction site, so that each healthy observation point is easy to measure, and each building module monitors the healthy observation point after being installed.
The above embodiments are only preferred embodiments of the present invention, and the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, but any insubstantial changes and substitutions made by those skilled in the art on the basis of the present invention are intended to be within the scope of the present invention as claimed.
Claims (10)
1. A BIM lofting method of a special-shaped veneer is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
the method comprises the following steps:
the measuring step comprises the following steps: site survey, namely selecting site construction control points, and arranging a measurement control network with a plurality of control points, wherein the measurement control network comprises a horizontal control network and a height control network;
scanning: adopting a three-dimensional scanner to perform three-dimensional scanning on the building structure main body so as to obtain three-dimensional data of the building structure main body;
modeling: the three-dimensional scanning data are arranged into point clouds, a building structure main body BIM model is reversely built, the BIM model and the measurement control network data are integrated, and the BIM model is adjusted to the measurement control network coordinates; the three-dimensional data obtained by the three-dimensional digital scanner is sent to a point cloud processing system, a building structure point cloud model is obtained through processing of the point cloud processing system, control network coordinate information is input into the point cloud system, and the point cloud model is adjusted to the measurement control network, so that the building structure model corresponds to the measurement control network coordinate;
and (3) lofting: preparing a measuring instrument and a measuring mark, selecting a lofting point in a BIM model according to a design drawing, selecting a control point in a measurement control network according to coordinate data of the lofting point in the BIM model, directly setting a station on the control point to erect the measuring instrument, setting the measuring mark at a position to be lofted, transferring the lofting point in the BIM model to a construction site by matching the measuring instrument with the measuring mark, and marking the lofting point determined by the construction site;
and retesting: after the building module is constructed and installed to the lofting point, at least three characteristic points of the building module are selected, a measuring instrument and a measuring mark are prepared, the measuring instrument is erected on a control point in a measuring control network, the measuring mark is arranged on the characteristic points, the measuring instrument is used for measuring the measuring mark, the three-dimensional coordinates of the characteristic points are obtained through calculation, and the error value of the three-dimensional coordinates is kept within an error limit value according to the three-dimensional coordinate data of the characteristic points and the three-dimensional coordinate data of the lofting point.
2. A BIM lofting method for a profiled veneer as defined in claim 1, wherein:
the special-shaped building structure is provided with a plurality of building modules to be constructed and installed, and the building modules at least comprise a basic layer steel frame module and a special-shaped veneer module;
the special-shaped building structure at least sequentially comprises: the method comprises a basic layer steel frame lofting step, a retesting step, a special-shaped veneer lofting step and a retesting step.
3. A BIM lofting method for a profiled veneer as defined in claim 2, wherein:
before lofting is carried out to special-shaped veneer, need to retest special-shaped veneer mill fetal membrane, retest special-shaped veneer mill fetal membrane's fetal membrane feature point: selecting a plurality of characteristic points along the outline edge line of the fetal membrane at intervals, selecting a plurality of characteristic points along the turning line at intervals, and selecting a plurality of characteristic points along the main surface of the fetal membrane at intervals;
after the characteristic points are selected, setting up a fetal membrane measuring base station in a detection area, erecting a measuring instrument on the base station, measuring the three-dimensional coordinates of the fetal membrane characteristic points, setting up a fetal membrane model according to the three-dimensional coordinates of the fetal membrane characteristic points measured on site, comparing the fetal membrane model established on site with a fetal membrane design model, determining whether the fetal membrane of a special-shaped veneer factory is qualified or not, and if the fetal membrane is qualified, carrying out lofting installation and retesting of the special-shaped veneer.
4. A BIM lofting method for a profiled veneer as defined in claim 2 or claim 3, wherein:
after the horizontal control network is established, checking by adopting a GPS receiver, and vertically transmitting the horizontal control network by adopting a laser collimator and a total station; after the elevation control network is established, the total station zenith and heading method is adopted to carry out vertical transmission of the elevation control network, and an electronic level gauge is adopted to carry out checking.
5. A BIM lofting method for a profiled veneer according to claim 3, wherein:
in the measuring step, the horizontal control network comprises a first-level horizontal control network and an encryption control point, and the elevation control network comprises a first-level elevation control network and an encryption control point;
the first-level horizontal control network and the first-level elevation control network comprise a plurality of first-level control points, the first-level control points are provided with forced centering devices, and the forced centering devices are used for installing measuring instruments.
6. A BIM lofting method for a profiled veneer as defined in claim 5, wherein:
in the measuring step, the point positions of the encryption control points are arranged at stable, reliable, difficult to damage and convenient to measure, stations are arranged on the encryption control points, the observation directions, the distances and the vertical angles of a plurality of known points are sequentially observed, and the three-dimensional coordinates of the construction control points are obtained through adjustment calculation so as to encrypt the measurement control network.
7. A BIM lofting method of a profiled decking sheet according to claim 5 or claim 6, wherein:
the scanning step comprises the following steps: the method comprises the steps of on-site investigation of the peripheral structure of the whole building structure, on-site investigation of the top structure of the building structure, on-site construction condition and object stacking condition, selecting scanning control points, placing a three-dimensional digital scanner at the scanning control points, selecting coordinate acquisition points at the periphery and the top of a main body of the building structure, arranging markers at the coordinate acquisition points, and scanning and identifying the markers on the main body of the building structure by using the three-dimensional digital scanner to obtain three-dimensional data of the main body of the building structure.
8. A BIM lofting method of a profiled decking sheet according to claim 5 or claim 6, wherein:
in the lofting step, the measuring instrument is an NTS-312R total station, and the measuring mark comprises a mini centering rod and a micro prism.
9. A BIM lofting method of a profiled decking sheet according to claim 5 or claim 6, wherein:
in the retest step, when the feature points are in a region with good vision, the measuring mark adopts a Leica reflector mark; when the miniature prism is erected on the miniature centering rod during use, the miniature centering rod is arranged at the characteristic point.
10. A BIM lofting method of a profiled decking sheet according to claim 5 or claim 6, wherein:
the method also comprises the structural health observation point setting step: healthy observation points are selected at key positions of a main body of the building structure, and observation point identification marks are made on a construction site, so that each healthy observation point is easy to measure.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201810773786.9A CN109033592B (en) | 2018-07-13 | 2018-07-13 | BIM lofting method for special-shaped veneer |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201810773786.9A CN109033592B (en) | 2018-07-13 | 2018-07-13 | BIM lofting method for special-shaped veneer |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN109033592A CN109033592A (en) | 2018-12-18 |
| CN109033592B true CN109033592B (en) | 2023-06-30 |
Family
ID=64642456
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201810773786.9A Active CN109033592B (en) | 2018-07-13 | 2018-07-13 | BIM lofting method for special-shaped veneer |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN109033592B (en) |
Families Citing this family (10)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN109990771A (en) * | 2019-04-04 | 2019-07-09 | 中国十七冶集团有限公司 | A kind of construction survey line-putting method based on BIM+ artificial intelligence |
| CN110646159A (en) * | 2019-10-18 | 2020-01-03 | 中国建筑第八工程局有限公司 | Construction method for high-precision control and measurement of cast-in-place bare concrete wind tunnel |
| CN111127656B (en) * | 2020-01-09 | 2020-11-24 | 中建一局集团第二建筑有限公司 | Special-shaped roof lofting construction method based on BIM model |
| CN111578916B (en) * | 2020-05-06 | 2021-11-19 | 深圳广田集团股份有限公司 | Intelligent paying-off construction method in decoration engineering based on BIM technology |
| CN111688003A (en) * | 2020-05-25 | 2020-09-22 | 广州市第三建筑工程有限公司 | Manufacturing and construction method of large curved surface special-shaped plate |
| CN112504118A (en) * | 2020-09-10 | 2021-03-16 | 中国二十二冶集团有限公司 | Special-shaped steel structure measuring method based on lofting robot |
| CN112284251A (en) * | 2020-10-16 | 2021-01-29 | 葛洲坝测绘地理信息技术有限公司 | Method for precisely measuring installation of stator positioning rib of hydroelectric generating set |
| CN115112104A (en) * | 2021-08-17 | 2022-09-27 | 上海环创安装工程集团有限公司 | Building construction site surveying and mapping lofting method |
| CN116026235B (en) * | 2022-12-14 | 2023-09-01 | 广东省水利水电第三工程局有限公司 | Automatic lofting method, device, storage medium and system |
| CN115977399B (en) * | 2023-01-06 | 2023-08-29 | 北京城建集团有限责任公司 | Method and system for measuring installation of steel structure of terminal building |
Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104499714A (en) * | 2014-11-13 | 2015-04-08 | 中建三局第二建设工程有限责任公司 | Mechanical and electrical installation engineering construction method based on BIM platform and measuring robot |
| CN106777831A (en) * | 2017-02-10 | 2017-05-31 | 深圳瑞和建筑装饰股份有限公司 | A kind of construction and decoration method based on BIM |
| CN107192381A (en) * | 2017-05-24 | 2017-09-22 | 中国建筑局（集团）有限公司 | A kind of surveying and locating method of any disorder space structure |
-
2018
- 2018-07-13 CN CN201810773786.9A patent/CN109033592B/en active Active
Patent Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104499714A (en) * | 2014-11-13 | 2015-04-08 | 中建三局第二建设工程有限责任公司 | Mechanical and electrical installation engineering construction method based on BIM platform and measuring robot |
| CN106777831A (en) * | 2017-02-10 | 2017-05-31 | 深圳瑞和建筑装饰股份有限公司 | A kind of construction and decoration method based on BIM |
| CN107192381A (en) * | 2017-05-24 | 2017-09-22 | 中国建筑局（集团）有限公司 | A kind of surveying and locating method of any disorder space structure |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN109033592A (en) | 2018-12-18 |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| CN109033592B (en) | BIM lofting method for special-shaped veneer | |
| CN108871266B (en) | Automatic settlement monitoring method based on intermediate method triangle elevation method | |
| CN104499714B (en) | Hydromechanical installer engineering construction method based on BIM platforms and robot measurement | |
| CN103292748B (en) | A kind of split of many substrates based on laser measurement detection method | |
| Puente et al. | Accuracy verification of the Lynx Mobile Mapper system | |
| US9316486B2 (en) | Method and apparatus for determining and storing the position and orientation of antenna structures | |
| CN106526636B (en) | High-precision deformation monitoring device and method based on Beidou positioning | |
| CN109470222B (en) | Supervision control method for super high-rise building engineering measurement | |
| CN101832737B (en) | HUD (Heads-Up Display) digitized bore-sighting method applied to plane general assembly | |
| JP2005331499A (en) | Land-based surveying method at site having one or more unstable zones, and apparatus thereof | |
| CN108151698B (en) | Antenna rotation center calibration method based on axis intersection method | |
| CN105203023A (en) | One-stop calibration method for arrangement parameters of vehicle-mounted three-dimensional laser scanning system | |
| CN108168504B (en) | Antenna rotation center calibration method based on fitting sphere center method | |
| CN102080960A (en) | Super-high-rise building verticality measuring and controlling method based on GPS (Global Positioning System) | |
| CN109814405B (en) | Comprehensive quantitative evaluation method for measurement and control station distribution scheme | |
| CN101539397A (en) | Method for measuring three-dimensional attitude of object on precision-optical basis | |
| CN112964237B (en) | Measurement control system, method and device for construction engineering and computer equipment | |
| CN107727118B (en) | Method for calibrating GNC subsystem equipment attitude measurement system in large aircraft | |
| KR101349384B1 (en) | Leveling survey system to confirm the position of constructure having the datum point | |
| CN107991684B (en) | GNC subsystem equipment attitude measurement system in large aircraft | |
| CN114001756B (en) | Small-field-of-view star sensor outfield ground star finding method | |
| KR101349117B1 (en) | Apparatus for measuring national level control point using equal distance survey in geodetic surveying | |
| D’Emilia et al. | Calibration issues of a total station for the assessment of buildings in emergency conditions | |
| Johnston et al. | The 2003 Mount Stromlo local tie survey | |
| Harvey | Telescope axes surveys |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| CB02 | Change of applicant information |
Address after: 518000 4b01, 4b02, excellence Times Square, intersection of Yitian road and Fuhua Road, Central District, Futian District, Shenzhen City, Guangdong Province Applicant after: Shenzhen Zhengzhong Design Co.,Ltd. Address before: 518000 4b01, 4b02, excellence Times Square, intersection of Yitian road and Fuhua Road, Central District, Futian District, Shenzhen City, Guangdong Province Applicant before: SHENZHEN ASIANTIME INTERNATIONAL CONSTRUCTION Co.,Ltd. |
|
| CB02 | Change of applicant information | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant |