CN109470222B - Supervision control method for super high-rise building engineering measurement - Google Patents
Supervision control method for super high-rise building engineering measurement Download PDFInfo
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- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 60
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 26
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 41
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 230000003068 static effect Effects 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 3
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01C—MEASURING DISTANCES, LEVELS OR BEARINGS; SURVEYING; NAVIGATION; GYROSCOPIC INSTRUMENTS; PHOTOGRAMMETRY OR VIDEOGRAMMETRY
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种超高层建筑工程测量的监理控制方法，其特征在于：包括以下方法步骤，a，平面控制测量；b，高程控制测量；c，采用三维激光扫描仪对建筑物进行激光扫描模拟立体化测量；d，施工平面控制网的坐标系统及施工高程控制系统、应与设计施工图的坐标及高程系统相一致，采用地理位置对应的标准，并对待测建筑物进行变形监理检测；e，施工放样测量，应按座标进行放样，放样与图纸尺寸有出入时，须会同设计、监理、施工人员现场核对处理，测量用控制点要加以保护，经常核对，防止出错。本发明能对高层建筑物进行系统性监理，监理准确度高，方法简单，解决了超高层建筑测量精度、垂直度、平面定位问题。The invention discloses a super-high-rise building engineering measurement supervision and control method, which is characterized by comprising the following method steps: a, plane control measurement; b, elevation control measurement; c, using a three-dimensional laser scanner to perform laser scanning on the building Simulate three-dimensional measurement; d. The coordinate system and construction elevation control system of the construction plane control network should be consistent with the coordinate and elevation system of the design and construction drawings, adopt the standard corresponding to the geographical location, and carry out deformation supervision and detection of the building to be measured; e. For construction stakeout measurement, stakeout should be carried out according to the coordinates. When there is a discrepancy between the stakeout and the size of the drawings, it must be checked and processed on site with the design, supervision and construction personnel. The control points for measurement should be protected and checked frequently to prevent errors. The invention can carry out systematic supervision on high-rise buildings, has high supervision accuracy and simple method, and solves the problems of measurement accuracy, verticality and plane positioning of super-high-rise buildings.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of building supervision control, in particular to a supervision control method for super high-rise building engineering measurement.
Background
The engineering measurement and supervision are special talents with high technical applicability, which are suitable for civil engineering construction and road and bridge measurement and have the working capacity of engineering measurement and engineering measurement supervision. Graduates have basic knowledge and basic skills of engineering measurement and engineering measurement supervision, and can be used for medium-sized engineering construction measurement and lofting, cadastral survey, picture and data processing and other capabilities. The system has the capabilities of engineering control network and town control network design, GPS measurement, observation adjustment calculation and the like, and has the capabilities of undertaking civil engineering and road and bridge measurement supervision management and the like, wherein the engineering supervision refers to the entrustment of a supervision unit with related qualification by a party A, and represents a specialized service activity of monitoring the engineering construction of the party B by the party A according to the state approved engineering project construction files, laws and regulations related to the engineering construction, engineering construction supervision contracts and other engineering construction contracts. The project supervision is paid project consultation service and is entrusted by a first party, the supervision is mainly based on laws, regulations, technical standards, related contracts and documents, and the supervision criterion is law keeping, integrity, justice and science; the supervision aims to ensure the quality and safety of engineering construction, improve the engineering construction level and fully exert investment benefits.
At present, the existing supervision of the super high-rise building mainly creates a chart through field measurement, records the chart and then performs unified calculation, so that more measurement errors are easy to occur, the accuracy is poor, and aiming at the above, a supervision control method for the super high-rise building engineering measurement is provided.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention adopts the following modified technical scheme to solve the phenomenon, and the supervision control method for the super high-rise building engineering measurement comprises the following method steps,
firstly, rechecking a construction control network laid by a construction unit by using a total station according to a known point result, wherein the precision of the construction control network is not lower than the precision requirement of primary wire measurement, namely the error in a measuring angle is less than +/-5%, the error in distance measurement is less than 15mm, and the relative error is less than 1/30000; finding out at least three control points on the roof to obtain the coordinates of a plurality of points on the ground and the roof under a coordinate system; the coordinates and the elevation of the lower measuring point are measured through the ground control point, and the coordinates and the elevation of the upper measuring point are measured through the roof control point, wherein the lower measuring point and the upper measuring point are on the same outer edge line; calculating the ratio of the horizontal coordinate displacement difference and the elevation difference of the lower measuring point and the upper measuring point to obtain the plane data value of the building;
b, elevation control measurement: the elevation control point of a construction unit is rechecked according to a known elevation point by utilizing a level gauge, a leveling staff and a laser plummet, the accuracy of the elevation control point is not lower than the accuracy requirement of four-equal leveling measurement, namely, the elevation closure difference is less than 12cm, the elevation control measurement is carried out, firstly, a GPS base station is erected on a control point at the top of a building, the GPS antenna height of the base station is measured, and after a satellite is locked and data recording is started, the mobile measurement equipment is started; moving the mobile measuring equipment to an open area, switching on a power supply, determining that the mobile measuring equipment locks a satellite and starts to record data, starting inertial navigation equipment, and adjusting the laser plummet instrument in the vertical direction to enable laser emitted by the laser plummet instrument to be vertical upwards; the method comprises the following steps of firstly determining a first vertical distance from a space measurement site to the plane to be measured, and measuring a depression angle and an azimuth angle of each corner in the plane to be measured relative to the space measurement site by using a direction sensor; calculating the area of the plane to be measured according to the first vertical distance, the depression angle and the azimuth angle corresponding to each corner;
c, performing laser scanning simulation three-dimensional measurement on the building by adopting a three-dimensional laser scanner, scanning a specific entity and a reflection reference point in the building by utilizing the three-dimensional laser scanner in laser mapping, acquiring point cloud data, connecting underground spaces into a whole by splicing target and obvious ground object points, and converting the underground spaces into an absolute coordinate system by converting overground and underground control points to obtain the three-dimensional structure information of the building;
d, a coordinate system and a construction elevation control system of the construction control network are consistent with a coordinate and an elevation system of a design construction drawing, a standard corresponding to a geographical position is adopted, deformation monitoring detection is carried out on a building to be detected, the deformation monitoring detection comprises the steps that a plurality of control points for measuring plane and vertical face deformation are arranged on each plane and vertical face of the building, the inclination angle and basic settlement deformation data of the control points are respectively measured by using an inclinometer and a high-precision static level gauge, the control points for settlement observation are arranged along the periphery of the building on the first floor plane of the building, the plurality of static level gauges are arranged on the control points for settlement observation, and the static level gauges are connected through water pipes; measuring basic settlement deformation data of the control points by using the static level gauge;
e, construction lofting measurement, lofting according to coordinates, checking with design, supervision and construction personnel on site when lofting is in or out of the drawing size, protecting a control point for measurement, checking twice and preventing errors.
The invention adopts the three-dimensional laser scanner, the inclinometer, the level, the leveling staff, the laser plummet and the wireless transmission equipment to supervise the building in real time and measure the plane, the height, the area and the deformation state of the building in real time, the supervision method is scientific and has high accuracy, the parameters of the building can be truly reflected, the problems of measuring precision, verticality and plane positioning of the super high-rise building are solved, the integral method is simple, and the method is worthy of popularization.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
The invention provides a technical scheme that: a supervision control method for super high-rise building engineering measurement comprises the following steps,
firstly, rechecking a construction control network laid by a construction unit by using a total station according to a known point result, wherein the precision of the construction control network is not lower than the precision requirement of primary wire measurement, namely the error in a measuring angle is less than +/-5%, the error in distance measurement is less than 15mm, and the relative median error is less than 1/30000;
b, elevation control measurement: rechecking an elevation control point of a construction unit according to a known elevation point by using a level gauge, a leveling staff and a laser plummet, wherein the accuracy of the elevation control point is not lower than the accuracy requirement of four-equal leveling measurement, namely, the elevation closure difference is less than 12 cm;
c, performing laser scanning simulation three-dimensional measurement on the building by adopting a three-dimensional laser scanner;
d, a coordinate system and a construction elevation control system of the construction control network are consistent with a coordinate and elevation system of a design construction drawing, and deformation supervision detection is carried out on the building to be detected by adopting a standard corresponding to the geographic position;
e, construction lofting measurement, lofting according to coordinates, checking with design, supervision and construction personnel on site when lofting is in or out of the drawing size, protecting a control point for measurement, checking twice and preventing errors.
In the step a, the specific implementation comprises the steps of firstly finding out at least three control points on the ground and forming a coordinate system; finding out at least three control points on the roof to obtain the coordinates of a plurality of points on the ground and the roof under a coordinate system; the coordinates and the elevation of the lower measuring point are measured through the ground control point, and the coordinates and the elevation of the upper measuring point are measured through the roof control point, wherein the lower measuring point and the upper measuring point are on the same outer edge line; and calculating the ratio of the horizontal coordinate displacement difference and the elevation difference of the lower measuring point and the upper measuring point to obtain the plane data value of the building.
B, performing elevation control measurement, namely firstly erecting a GPS base station on a control point at the top of the building, measuring the height of a GPS antenna of the base station, locking a satellite and starting to record data, and then starting up the mobile measuring equipment; moving the mobile measuring equipment to an open area, switching on a power supply, determining that the mobile measuring equipment locks a satellite and starts to record data, starting inertial navigation equipment, and adjusting the laser plummet instrument in the vertical direction to enable laser emitted by the laser plummet instrument to be vertical upwards; and then, the laser plumb line instrument is adjusted in the horizontal direction, so that laser emitted by the laser plumb line instrument just passes through the axis of the projection hole, and meanwhile, the leveling instrument and the leveling staff are matched for axis measurement.
Step b, determining the area of a plane to be measured, specifically comprising the steps of firstly determining a first vertical distance from a spatial measurement position point to the plane to be measured, and measuring a depression angle and an azimuth angle of each corner in the plane to be measured relative to the spatial measurement position point by using a direction sensor; and calculating the area of the plane to be measured according to the first vertical distance, the depression angle and the azimuth angle corresponding to each corner.
And c, scanning specific entities and reflection reference points in the building by using a three-dimensional laser scanner in laser mapping, collecting point cloud data, connecting underground spaces into a whole by splicing target and obvious ground object points, converting the underground spaces into an absolute coordinate system by converting overground and underground control points, and acquiring the three-dimensional structure information of the building.
In the step d, the deformation monitoring detection comprises the steps of setting a plurality of control points for measuring the deformation of the plane and the vertical face on each plane and vertical face of the building, respectively measuring the inclination angle and the basic settlement deformation data of the control points by using an inclinometer and a high-precision static level gauge, wherein the control points for settlement observation are arranged along the periphery of the building on the plane of the first floor of the building, the plurality of static level gauges are arranged on the control points for settlement observation, and the static level gauges are connected through water pipes; and measuring the basic settlement deformation data of the control point by using the static level gauge.
The supervision control method of the invention has the following parameter tables: TABLE 1
| Supervision building | Supervision time | Supervision method | Accuracy of proctoring | Cost of proctoring |
| 10 are provided with | 3-6 days | Multiple kinds of | 99.78% | In general |
The traditional supervision control method parameter table is as follows: TABLE 2
| Supervision building | Supervision time | Supervision method | Accuracy of proctoring | Cost of proctoring |
| 10 are provided with | 5-12 days | Conventional measurement | 96.42% | Is higher than |
The table shows that the method can accurately perform supervision and is better.
In conclusion, the invention adopts the three-dimensional laser scanner, the inclinometer, the level, the leveling staff, the laser plummet and the wireless transmission equipment to supervise the building and measure the plane, the height, the area and the deformation state of the building in real time, the supervision method is scientific and has high accuracy, the parameters of the building can be truly reflected, the problems of measurement precision, verticality and plane positioning of the super high-rise building are solved, the integral method is simple, and the method is worthy of popularization.
While there have been shown and described what are at present considered the fundamental principles and essential features of the invention and its advantages, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that the invention is not limited to the details of the foregoing exemplary embodiments, but is capable of other specific forms without departing from the spirit or essential characteristics thereof. The present embodiments are therefore to be considered in all respects as illustrative and not restrictive, the scope of the invention being indicated by the appended claims rather than by the foregoing description, and all changes which come within the meaning and range of equivalency of the claims are therefore intended to be embraced therein.
Furthermore, it should be understood that although the present description refers to embodiments, not every embodiment may contain only a single embodiment, and such description is for clarity only, and those skilled in the art should integrate the description, and the embodiments may be combined as appropriate to form other embodiments understood by those skilled in the art.
Claims (1)
1. A supervision control method for super high-rise building engineering measurement is characterized by comprising the following steps: comprising the following method steps of the method,
firstly, rechecking a construction control network laid by a construction unit by using a total station according to a known point result, wherein the precision of the construction control network is not lower than the precision requirement of primary wire measurement, namely the error in a measuring angle is less than +/-5%, the error in distance measurement is less than 15mm, and the relative error is less than 1/30000; finding out at least three control points on the roof to obtain the coordinates of a plurality of points on the ground and the roof under a coordinate system; the coordinates and the elevation of the lower measuring point are measured through the ground control point, and the coordinates and the elevation of the upper measuring point are measured through the roof control point, wherein the lower measuring point and the upper measuring point are on the same outer edge line; calculating the ratio of the horizontal coordinate displacement difference and the elevation difference of the lower measuring point and the upper measuring point to obtain the plane data value of the building;
b, elevation control measurement: the elevation control point of a construction unit is rechecked according to a known elevation point by utilizing a level gauge, a leveling staff and a laser plummet, the accuracy of the elevation control point is not lower than the accuracy requirement of four-equal leveling measurement, namely, the elevation closure difference is less than 12cm, the elevation control measurement is carried out, firstly, a GPS base station is erected on a control point at the top of a building, the GPS antenna height of the base station is measured, and after a satellite is locked and data recording is started, the mobile measurement equipment is started; moving the mobile measuring equipment to an open area, switching on a power supply, determining that the mobile measuring equipment locks a satellite and starts to record data, starting inertial navigation equipment, and adjusting the laser plummet instrument in the vertical direction to enable laser emitted by the laser plummet instrument to be vertical upwards; the method comprises the following steps of firstly determining a first vertical distance from a space measurement site to the plane to be measured, and measuring a depression angle and an azimuth angle of each corner in the plane to be measured relative to the space measurement site by using a direction sensor; calculating the area of the plane to be measured according to the first vertical distance, the depression angle and the azimuth angle corresponding to each corner;
c, performing laser scanning simulation three-dimensional measurement on the building by adopting a three-dimensional laser scanner, scanning a specific entity and a reflection reference point in the building by utilizing the three-dimensional laser scanner in laser mapping, acquiring point cloud data, connecting underground spaces into a whole by splicing target and obvious ground object points, and converting the underground spaces into an absolute coordinate system by converting overground and underground control points to obtain the three-dimensional structure information of the building;
d, a coordinate system and a construction elevation control system of the construction control network are consistent with a coordinate and an elevation system of a design construction drawing, a standard corresponding to a geographical position is adopted, deformation monitoring detection is carried out on a building to be detected, the deformation monitoring detection comprises the steps that a plurality of control points for measuring plane and vertical face deformation are arranged on each plane and vertical face of the building, the inclination angle and basic settlement deformation data of the control points are respectively measured by using an inclinometer and a high-precision static level gauge, the control points for settlement observation are arranged along the periphery of the building on the first floor plane of the building, the plurality of static level gauges are arranged on the control points for settlement observation, and the static level gauges are connected through water pipes; measuring basic settlement deformation data of the control points by using the static level gauge;
e, construction lofting measurement, lofting according to coordinates, checking with design, supervision and construction personnel on site when lofting is in or out of the drawing size, protecting a control point for measurement, checking twice and preventing errors.
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| CN112197755A (en) * | 2020-09-18 | 2021-01-08 | 中国二冶集团有限公司 | Construction lofting method and construction lofting system |
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| CN114001720A (en) * | 2021-11-10 | 2022-02-01 | 中冶建工集团有限公司 | Supervision control method for building engineering measurement |
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