CN112699436A - Building structure reverse engineering analysis method based on three-dimensional laser scanning modeling - Google Patents
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Abstract
The invention discloses a building structure reverse engineering analysis method and a device based on three-dimensional laser scanning modeling, wherein the method comprises the following steps: determining the position relationship between a scanning station and an object to be scanned; determining a plurality of scanning sites and scanning routes according to the position relationship, and respectively placing three-dimensional scanners at the plurality of scanning sites; setting parameters of a three-dimensional scanner according to scanning requirements, scanning an object to be scanned, and acquiring point cloud data of the object to be scanned; importing the point cloud data into a Geomagic software for processing, and encapsulating the processed point cloud data into a scanning model; obtaining a design model of an object to be scanned, carrying out format conversion on the design model, and then importing the design model into Geomagic software; and carrying out comparative analysis on the design model and the scanning model to generate a comparative analysis result of the object to be scanned. The method can quickly and efficiently establish the three-dimensional digital model of the object to be scanned, is convenient for analyzing construction errors, and improves the engineering quality and the management efficiency.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of surveying and mapping engineering, in particular to a building structure reverse engineering analysis method and device based on three-dimensional laser scanning modeling.
Background
The three-dimensional laser scanning technology LiDAR (light Detection and ranging) can quickly, continuously and automatically acquire three-dimensional point cloud data on the surface of a target object, and can quickly construct a high-precision three-dimensional model according to the acquired point cloud data. The three-dimensional laser scanning technology integrates various traditional mapping technologies, and three-dimensional point cloud data of the surface of a target object can be acquired very efficiently and rapidly without any processing on the surface of the target.
The three-dimensional laser scanning technology is widely applied to the fields of topographic survey, building deformation monitoring, historic building survey, cultural relic protection and the like by virtue of the advantages of rapidness, accuracy, non-contact and the like, draws wide attention in the surveying and mapping field, and is applied to a plurality of key projects. The large building structure, especially the glass curtain wall structure, has large volume and high height, and if the traditional measuring method is adopted, the problems of low measuring efficiency, large data processing difficulty and the like can be caused, and the three-dimensional laser scanning technology can well solve the problem.
Disclosure of Invention
The present invention is directed to solving, at least to some extent, one of the technical problems in the related art.
Therefore, one purpose of the invention is to provide a building structure reverse engineering analysis method based on three-dimensional laser scanning modeling, which can quickly and efficiently establish a three-dimensional digital model of an object to be scanned, is convenient for analyzing construction errors, and improves engineering quality and management efficiency.
The invention also aims to provide a building structure reverse engineering analysis device based on three-dimensional laser scanning modeling.
In order to achieve the above object, an embodiment of the present invention provides a building structure reverse engineering analysis method based on three-dimensional laser scanning modeling, including:
determining the position relation between a scanning station and an object to be scanned according to the shape and the height of the object to be scanned;
determining a plurality of scanning stations and scanning routes according to the position relation, and respectively placing three-dimensional scanners at the plurality of scanning stations;
setting parameters of the three-dimensional scanner according to scanning requirements, scanning the object to be scanned through the three-dimensional scanner, and acquiring point cloud data of the object to be scanned;
importing the point cloud data into Geomagic software for processing, and encapsulating the processed point cloud data into a scanning model;
obtaining a design model of the object to be scanned, carrying out format conversion on the design model, and then importing the design model into Geomagic software;
and carrying out comparative analysis on the design model and the scanning model to generate a comparative analysis result of the object to be scanned.
According to the building structure reverse engineering analysis method based on three-dimensional laser scanning modeling, disclosed by the embodiment of the invention, the large glass curtain wall structure is subjected to reverse modeling by utilizing laser scanning and reverse engineering technologies, the established model can be compared with a design model and subjected to data analysis, a comparison analysis detection report is generated, the problems and errors of construction and design are found, the modification is carried out in time, and the fine and efficient management of engineering is realized.
In addition, the building structure reverse engineering analysis method based on three-dimensional laser scanning modeling according to the above embodiment of the present invention may further have the following additional technical features:
further, in an embodiment of the present invention, there is an overlap between the scanning ranges of the plurality of scanning stations, and the proportion of the overlap between the scanning stations is greater than 20%.
Further, in an embodiment of the present invention, the method further includes:
targets are arranged at the scanning superposition parts of the two scanning stations, the distance between each target and the three-dimensional scanner is larger than 50 m, the number of the common targets between the two scanning stations is larger than four, and the targets are arranged randomly.
Further, in an embodiment of the present invention, the importing the point cloud data into a Geomagic software for processing, and encapsulating the processed point cloud data into a scan model includes:
splicing and registering the point cloud data through an alignment module;
denoising the point cloud data, deleting the point cloud data irrelevant to the object to be scanned, and packaging the residual point cloud data.
Further, in an embodiment of the present invention, after encapsulating the processed point cloud data into a scan model, the method further includes: and carrying out vulnerability filling and polygon repairing on the scanning model.
Further, in an embodiment of the present invention, when performing comparative analysis on the design model and the scan model, the design model and the scan model are adjusted to the same position and scale size by Geomagic, calibration and positioning are performed according to the salient features of the object to be scanned, and the scan model and the design model are compared to obtain a comparative analysis result.
Further, in one embodiment of the present invention, the monitoring method for comparing the design model with the scan model includes, but is not limited to, a key point analysis method or a global analysis method.
Further, in an embodiment of the present invention, an included angle range between the part of the object to be scanned by the scanning station and the scanning station is less than or equal to 90 degrees, and a distance between the scanning station and the object to be scanned is less than or equal to 1000 meters.
Further, in one embodiment of the present invention, the comparative analysis results include, but are not limited to, the main structure dimensions and the installation accuracy of the glazed curtain wall.
In order to achieve the above object, an embodiment of another aspect of the present invention provides a building structure reverse engineering analysis device based on three-dimensional laser scanning modeling, including:
the preprocessing module is used for determining the position relation between a scanning station and an object to be scanned according to the shape and the height of the object to be scanned;
the configuration module is used for determining a plurality of scanning stations and scanning routes according to the position relation and respectively placing three-dimensional scanners at the scanning stations;
the scanning module is used for setting parameters of the three-dimensional scanner according to scanning requirements, scanning the object to be scanned through the three-dimensional scanner and acquiring point cloud data of the object to be scanned;
the processing module is used for importing the point cloud data into Geomagic software for processing, and packaging the processed point cloud data into a scanning model;
the import module is used for acquiring a design model of the object to be scanned, and importing the design model into the Geomagic software after format conversion;
and the analysis module is used for carrying out comparative analysis on the design model and the scanning model to generate a comparative analysis result of the object to be scanned.
According to the building structure reverse engineering analysis device based on three-dimensional laser scanning modeling, disclosed by the embodiment of the invention, the large glass curtain wall structure is subjected to reverse modeling by utilizing laser scanning and reverse engineering technologies, the established model can be compared with a design model and subjected to data analysis, a comparison analysis detection report is generated, the problems and errors of construction and design are found, the modification is carried out in time, and the fine and efficient management of engineering is realized.
Additional aspects and advantages of the invention will be set forth in part in the description which follows and, in part, will be obvious from the description, or may be learned by practice of the invention.
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The foregoing and/or additional aspects and advantages of the present invention will become apparent and readily appreciated from the following description of the embodiments, taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings of which:
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of a method for reverse engineering analysis of a building structure based on three-dimensional laser scanning modeling according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a building structure reverse engineering analysis device based on three-dimensional laser scanning modeling according to an embodiment of the invention.
Detailed Description
Reference will now be made in detail to embodiments of the present invention, examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings, wherein like or similar reference numerals refer to the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar function throughout. The embodiments described below with reference to the drawings are illustrative and intended to be illustrative of the invention and are not to be construed as limiting the invention.
The method and the device for analyzing the reverse engineering of the building structure based on the three-dimensional laser scanning modeling, which are provided by the embodiment of the invention, are described below with reference to the attached drawings.
First, a method for analyzing a building structure reverse engineering based on three-dimensional laser scanning modeling according to an embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Fig. 1 is a flow chart of a building structure reverse engineering analysis method based on three-dimensional laser scanning modeling according to an embodiment of the invention.
As shown in fig. 1, the building structure reverse engineering analysis method based on three-dimensional laser scanning modeling comprises the following steps:
in step S1, the position relationship between the scanning station and the object to be scanned is determined according to the shape and height of the object to be scanned.
It should be noted that, in the embodiment of the present invention, the object to be scanned is described by taking a large glass curtain wall as an example.
Specifically, before scanning, a large glass curtain wall structure subjected to three-dimensional scanning and the surrounding environment thereof are considered, and the appropriate distance between a scanning station and a building is determined according to the appearance and the height of the building. The scanning station is selected to ensure that the included angle range between the scanned building part and the scanning station is within 90 degrees and the distance is within one kilometer as much as possible.
In step S2, a plurality of scanning sites and scanning routes are determined according to the positional relationship, and three-dimensional scanners are placed at the plurality of scanning sites, respectively.
After field investigation, a proper scanning station position and a proper scanning route are selected, the position topography of the scanning station position is flat and stable, the passing of vehicles and personnel is not influenced, no shielding exists between the survey station and the building, a scanning superposition part should exist between the scanning station and the scanning station, the proportion of the superposition part between the scanning station and the scanning station is more than 20%, the superposition part is larger, the later-stage point cloud splicing is facilitated, targets can be arranged at the superposition part of the two survey stations, the splicing precision is improved, the distance between the targets and the three-dimensional scanner is more than 50 m, the number of public targets between the two scanning stations is more than four, the targets are randomly arranged, the linear arrangement is avoided, and the scanning route is closed, so that later-stage modeling.
In step S3, parameters of the three-dimensional scanner are set according to the scanning requirements, and the object to be scanned is scanned by the three-dimensional scanner, so as to obtain point cloud data of the object to be scanned.
After the three-dimensional scanner is erected at the selected scanning station position, corresponding scanning parameters are set according to scanning requirements, the scanning parameters comprise scanning resolution and the like, and the arranged targets can be correctly identified.
The scanner used for scanning is required to have a long-distance scanning mode so as to meet the requirements of large-scene and long-distance scanning tasks for large glass curtain wall structures. The scanning device has ultrahigh scanning speed which reaches more than 500,000 points/second, thereby reducing the field time and saving the cost, and the scanner used for scanning has excellent scanning precision, the distance measurement precision is within 2mm +20ppm, the angle measurement precision is within 15 ″, and the achievement is ensured to be accurate and reliable.
In step S4, the point cloud data is imported into the geologic software for processing, and the processed point cloud data is encapsulated into a scan model.
Importing the point cloud data into a Geomagic software for processing, and encapsulating the processed point cloud data into a scanning model, wherein the method comprises the following steps:
splicing and registering point cloud data through an alignment module;
denoising the point cloud data, deleting the point cloud data irrelevant to the object to be scanned, and packaging the residual point cloud data.
Specifically, point cloud data are obtained through scanning of a three-dimensional scanner of each scanning station, the point cloud data of each scanning station are imported into the Geomagic software, and the point cloud data of each observation station are spliced and registered through an alignment module in the software. And denoising the point cloud data, deleting the point cloud data which is scanned in the scanning process and is irrelevant to the scanning target, and then packaging the point cloud data.
Further, in an embodiment of the present invention, after encapsulating the processed point cloud data into a scan model, the method further includes: and carrying out vulnerability filling and polygon repairing on the scanning model.
Because glass reflection laser ability is weak, has the not good condition of partial glass face scanning effect, consequently needs carry out artifical the repair to glass curtain wall according to glass curtain wall's frame boundary, fixes a position the curtain installation through glass curtain wall's frame boundary. The point cloud data is influenced by the mutual shielding of the reflecting material and the structure, so that the loophole needs to be manually filled and the model polygon needs to be repaired.
In step S5, a design model of the object to be scanned is obtained, and the design model is converted into a format and then imported into the Geomagic software.
In step S6, the design model and the scan model are compared and analyzed, and a comparison and analysis result of the object to be scanned is generated.
Further, in one embodiment of the present invention, the design model is compared to the scan model using monitoring methods including, but not limited to, a key point analysis or a global analysis.
Further, in one embodiment of the present invention, the comparative analysis results include, but are not limited to, the main structure dimensions and the installation accuracy of the glazed curtain wall.
And exporting the design model into a ptx format, then importing Geomagic Control software, adjusting the scanning model and the design model to the same position and proportion, and carrying out comparative analysis with the scanning model. The scanning model and the design model are required to be adjusted to the same proportion size by adopting Geomagic Control software, calibration and positioning are carried out according to key prominent features on the surface of the large glass curtain wall structure, and the scanning model and the design model are placed in positions for comparison, so that accurate comparison analysis of the scanning model and the design model is obtained.
The model comparison detection report can be automatically generated by utilizing Geomagic Control software, and the comparison detection report comprises but is not limited to an analysis structure report of the size of a main structure, the installation accuracy of a building glass curtain wall and the like. The detection method adopted by the comparison detection report includes but is not limited to a key point analysis method based on key control points of the large glass curtain wall structure and a global analysis method based on the whole point errors of the large glass curtain wall structure.
The analytical method according to the invention is described below by means of a specific example.
The large glass curtain wall structure reverse engineering technology based on three-dimensional laser scanning modeling is applied to a certain large gymnasium project. The long-range three-dimensional laser scanner is used for scanning the outer surface of a large gymnasium in the construction process, the come card scanning station P50 is used for scanning the outer surface of the large gymnasium, the three-dimensional laser scanner has two long-distance scanning modes, the requirements of large-scene and long-distance scanning tasks can be met, the field angle is up to 360 degrees multiplied by 290 degrees, and the ultra-large field scanning can provide complete field data without repeated scanning. The scanning speed is as high as 1,000,000 points/second, and the scanning precision is excellent, the distance measurement precision is 1.2mm +10ppm (270m mode)/3 mm +10ppm (>1km mode), and the angle measurement precision is 8', so that the precision and reliability of the result are ensured. A total of 8 stations are arranged outside the venue to form a closed scanning route. After point cloud data are obtained, processing the point cloud data by using Geomagic point cloud data processing software, and splicing the point cloud data through manual registration after importing station survey data, wherein characteristic points are generally selected from a static crane, goods and the like on the ground during splicing. And then, carrying out operations such as denoising, packaging, hole filling and the like, and finally forming a three-dimensional model of the glass curtain wall structure of the gymnasium. And finally, exporting the design model into a ptx format by the design model, and then importing the design model into a Geomagic Control for comparative analysis to generate a glass curtain wall structure error comparative analysis report. The error contrast analysis report contains the 3D comparison results of the two models, specifically contains data such as maximum upper deviation, maximum lower deviation, average deviation, standard deviation, deviation distribution and the like.
According to the building structure reverse engineering analysis method based on three-dimensional laser scanning modeling provided by the embodiment of the invention, the large glass curtain wall structure is subjected to reverse modeling by utilizing laser scanning and reverse engineering technologies, the established model can be compared with a design model and subjected to data analysis, a comparison analysis detection report is generated, the problems and errors of construction and design are found, the modification is carried out in time, and the fine and efficient management of engineering is realized.
Next, a building structure reverse engineering analysis device based on three-dimensional laser scanning modeling according to an embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.
Fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a building structure reverse engineering analysis device based on three-dimensional laser scanning modeling according to an embodiment of the invention.
As shown in fig. 2, the building structure reverse engineering analysis device based on three-dimensional laser scanning modeling comprises: a pre-processing module 201, a configuration module 202, a scanning module 203, a processing module 204, an import module 205, and an analysis module 206.
The preprocessing module 201 is configured to determine a position relationship between the scanning station and the object to be scanned according to the shape and the height of the object to be scanned.
The configuration module 202 is configured to determine a plurality of scanning sites and scanning routes according to the position relationship, and place a three-dimensional scanner at each of the plurality of scanning sites.
The scanning module 203 is configured to set parameters of the three-dimensional scanner according to the scanning requirement, scan the object to be scanned by the three-dimensional scanner, and acquire point cloud data of the object to be scanned.
And the processing module 204 is configured to import the point cloud data into the Geomagic software for processing, and encapsulate the processed point cloud data into a scanning model.
And the importing module 205 is configured to obtain a design model of the object to be scanned, perform format conversion on the design model, and import the design model into the geogic software.
And the analysis module 206 is configured to perform comparative analysis on the design model and the scanning model to generate a comparative analysis result of the object to be scanned.
It should be noted that the foregoing explanation of the method embodiment is also applicable to the apparatus of this embodiment, and is not repeated herein.
According to the building structure reverse engineering analysis device based on three-dimensional laser scanning modeling provided by the embodiment of the invention, the large glass curtain wall structure is subjected to reverse modeling by utilizing laser scanning and reverse engineering technologies, the established model can be compared with a design model and subjected to data analysis, a comparison analysis detection report is generated, the problems and errors of construction and design are found, the modification is carried out in time, and the fine and efficient management of engineering is realized.
Furthermore, the terms "first", "second" and "first" are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one such feature. In the description of the present invention, "a plurality" means at least two, e.g., two, three, etc., unless specifically limited otherwise.
In the description herein, references to the description of the term "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "an example," "a specific example," or "some examples," etc., mean that a particular feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of the invention. In this specification, the schematic representations of the terms used above are not necessarily intended to refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the particular features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples. Furthermore, various embodiments or examples and features of different embodiments or examples described in this specification can be combined and combined by one skilled in the art without contradiction.
Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described above, it is understood that the above embodiments are exemplary and should not be construed as limiting the present invention, and that variations, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to the above embodiments by those of ordinary skill in the art within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. A building structure reverse engineering analysis method based on three-dimensional laser scanning modeling is characterized by comprising the following steps:
determining the position relation between a scanning station and an object to be scanned according to the shape and the height of the object to be scanned;
determining a plurality of scanning stations and scanning routes according to the position relation, and respectively placing three-dimensional scanners at the plurality of scanning stations;
setting parameters of the three-dimensional scanner according to scanning requirements, scanning the object to be scanned through the three-dimensional scanner, and acquiring point cloud data of the object to be scanned;
importing the point cloud data into Geomagic software for processing, and encapsulating the processed point cloud data into a scanning model;
obtaining a design model of the object to be scanned, carrying out format conversion on the design model, and then importing the design model into Geomagic software;
and carrying out comparative analysis on the design model and the scanning model to generate a comparative analysis result of the object to be scanned.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein the scanning ranges of the plurality of scanning stations overlap, and the proportion of overlap between the scanning stations is greater than 20%.
3. The method of claim 2, further comprising:
targets are arranged at the scanning superposition parts of the two scanning stations, the distance between each target and the three-dimensional scanner is larger than 50 m, the number of the common targets between the two scanning stations is larger than four, and the targets are arranged randomly.
4. The method of claim 1, wherein importing the point cloud data into a Geomagic software for processing, and encapsulating the processed point cloud data into a scan model comprises:
splicing and registering the point cloud data through an alignment module;
denoising the point cloud data, deleting the point cloud data irrelevant to the object to be scanned, and packaging the residual point cloud data.
5. The method of claim 1, wherein after encapsulating the processed point cloud data into a scan model, further comprising: and carrying out vulnerability filling and polygon repairing on the scanning model.
6. The method of claim 1, wherein when the design model and the scan model are compared and analyzed, the design model and the scan model are adjusted to the same position and scale size by Geomagic, calibration and positioning are performed according to the salient features of the object to be scanned, and the scan model and the design model are compared to obtain a comparison and analysis result.
7. The method of claim 1, wherein the comparing the design model to the scan model is performed using a monitoring method including, but not limited to, a key point analysis method or a global analysis method.
8. The method according to claim 1, wherein an angle between the part of the object to be scanned by the scanning station and the scanning station is less than or equal to 90 degrees, and a distance between the scanning station and the object to be scanned is less than or equal to 1000 meters.
9. The method of claim 1, wherein the comparative analysis results include, but are not limited to, body structure dimensions and glazed curtain wall installation accuracy.
10. A building structure reverse engineering analysis device based on three-dimensional laser scanning modeling is characterized by comprising:
the preprocessing module is used for determining the position relation between a scanning station and an object to be scanned according to the shape and the height of the object to be scanned;
the configuration module is used for determining a plurality of scanning stations and scanning routes according to the position relation and respectively placing three-dimensional scanners at the scanning stations;
the scanning module is used for setting parameters of the three-dimensional scanner according to scanning requirements, scanning the object to be scanned through the three-dimensional scanner and acquiring point cloud data of the object to be scanned;
the processing module is used for importing the point cloud data into Geomagic software for processing, and packaging the processed point cloud data into a scanning model;
the import module is used for acquiring a design model of the object to be scanned, and importing the design model into the Geomagic software after format conversion;
and the analysis module is used for carrying out comparative analysis on the design model and the scanning model to generate a comparative analysis result of the object to be scanned.
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| CN116630576A (en) * | 2023-07-24 | 2023-08-22 | 四川吉埃智能科技有限公司 | Casting structure reverse modeling method based on point cloud data |
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