CN108101525A - 透锂长石耐热陶瓷炒锅及其制备工艺 - Google Patents
透锂长石耐热陶瓷炒锅及其制备工艺 Download PDFInfo
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- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 50
- HEHRHMRHPUNLIR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminum;hydroxy-[hydroxy(oxo)silyl]oxy-oxosilane;lithium Chemical compound [Li].[Al].O[Si](=O)O[Si](O)=O.O[Si](=O)O[Si](O)=O HEHRHMRHPUNLIR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 39
- 229910052670 petalite Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 39
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title claims description 11
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 35
- 229910002106 crystalline ceramic Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 29
- 239000011222 crystalline ceramic Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 29
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 239000005995 Aluminium silicate Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 235000012211 aluminium silicate Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- NLYAJNPCOHFWQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N kaolin Chemical compound O.O.O=[Al]O[Si](=O)O[Si](=O)O[Al]=O NLYAJNPCOHFWQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 235000012222 talc Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 229910052713 technetium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- GKLVYJBZJHMRIY-UHFFFAOYSA-N technetium atom Chemical compound [Tc] GKLVYJBZJHMRIY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- HPTYUNKZVDYXLP-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminum;trihydroxy(trihydroxysilyloxy)silane;hydrate Chemical compound O.[Al].[Al].O[Si](O)(O)O[Si](O)(O)O HPTYUNKZVDYXLP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 229910052621 halloysite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 239000002071 nanotube Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicon dioxide Inorganic materials O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 239000010453 quartz Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 235000012239 silicon dioxide Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- CNLWCVNCHLKFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminum;lithium;dioxido(oxo)silane Chemical compound [Li+].[Al+3].[O-][Si]([O-])=O.[O-][Si]([O-])=O CNLWCVNCHLKFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 15
- 229910052642 spodumene Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 15
- 239000000454 talc Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 229910052623 talc Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000010304 firing Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- UONOETXJSWQNOL-UHFFFAOYSA-N tungsten carbide Chemical compound [W+]#[C-] UONOETXJSWQNOL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- 229920002401 polyacrylamide Polymers 0.000 claims description 8
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000007670 refining Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000005245 sintering Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000032683 aging Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000000498 ball milling Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000015895 biscuits Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000007493 shaping process Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000007790 solid phase Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000035939 shock Effects 0.000 abstract description 9
- 239000004927 clay Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- -1 tungsten carbides Chemical class 0.000 abstract 2
- 239000004743 Polypropylene Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 150000001408 amides Chemical class 0.000 abstract 1
- 229920001155 polypropylene Polymers 0.000 abstract 1
- 229910052721 tungsten Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000010937 tungsten Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- CPLXHLVBOLITMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium oxide Chemical compound [Mg]=O CPLXHLVBOLITMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- KZHJGOXRZJKJNY-UHFFFAOYSA-N dioxosilane;oxo(oxoalumanyloxy)alumane Chemical compound O=[Si]=O.O=[Si]=O.O=[Al]O[Al]=O.O=[Al]O[Al]=O.O=[Al]O[Al]=O KZHJGOXRZJKJNY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 229910052863 mullite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- 238000010411 cooking Methods 0.000 description 4
- 229910010293 ceramic material Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000000395 magnesium oxide Substances 0.000 description 3
- 235000012245 magnesium oxide Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910052573 porcelain Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 3
- MCMNRKCIXSYSNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zirconium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Zr]=O MCMNRKCIXSYSNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052681 coesite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910052906 cristobalite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910001385 heavy metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 230000006911 nucleation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000010899 nucleation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000007873 sieving Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002893 slag Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052682 stishovite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910052905 tridymite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 2
- WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium Chemical compound [Li] WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium oxide Inorganic materials [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000009172 bursting Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000013329 compounding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000019628 coolness Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229910052878 cordierite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052593 corundum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- JSKIRARMQDRGJZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N dimagnesium dioxido-bis[(1-oxido-3-oxo-2,4,6,8,9-pentaoxa-1,3-disila-5,7-dialuminabicyclo[3.3.1]nonan-7-yl)oxy]silane Chemical compound [Mg++].[Mg++].[O-][Si]([O-])(O[Al]1O[Al]2O[Si](=O)O[Si]([O-])(O1)O2)O[Al]1O[Al]2O[Si](=O)O[Si]([O-])(O1)O2 JSKIRARMQDRGJZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000005485 electric heating Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010433 feldspar Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000017525 heat dissipation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052500 inorganic mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052744 lithium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000007774 longterm Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000012054 meals Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000007769 metal material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011707 mineral Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000010755 mineral Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229910000484 niobium oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- URLJKFSTXLNXLG-UHFFFAOYSA-N niobium(5+);oxygen(2-) Chemical compound [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Nb+5].[Nb+5] URLJKFSTXLNXLG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000002667 nucleating agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000011056 performance test Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012071 phase Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920005575 poly(amic acid) Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009738 saturating Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910001845 yogo sapphire Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
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Abstract
本发明涉及一种透锂长石耐热陶瓷炒锅，锅体由以下质量份的原料烧制而成：45‑65重量份透锂长石、15‑40重量份锂辉石、12‑20重量份石英、15‑20重量份高岭土、6‑9重量份滑石、5‑8重量份微晶陶瓷粉、1‑3重量份埃洛石纳米管、0.5‑1重量份纳米碳化钨粉、0.5‑1重量份纳米氧化锝粉、0.3‑0.5重量份聚丙烯酰胺。本发明利用价格更便宜的透锂长石为主要原料，生产出的耐热陶瓷炒锅抗热震性好、抗裂性好、耐磨性好、导热性好。
Description
技术领域
本发明属于无机陶瓷材料技术领域，具体涉及一种膨胀率低，抗热震性好的透锂长石耐热陶瓷炒锅。
背景技术
陶瓷材质的烹调器皿因具有蓄热性好、环保、耐腐蚀等独特优点，在百姓人家、餐饮行业出现了各种各样陶瓷材质的烹调器皿，与传统的金属材质烹调器皿分庭抗争。
十世纪九十年代，我国开始研究、开拓采用低膨胀新材料制造的陶瓷锅具，新产品投放市场，深受消费者的欢迎。专利 CN1071405A“直热式陶瓷锅配方”公开了一种配方，在通常的陶瓷埚生产惯用的粘土、石英、熟料等原料中，另增加了近 30％的工业 Al2O3、MgO、 ZrO2 材料，使得陶瓷烹调器的耐热性能有了一定程度的提高，但它因为选用了较多的工业原料，使得生产成本明显增高。 现在该领域采用天然的低膨胀锂辉石、堇青石材料还是更多。传统的陶瓷锅抗热震性差，采用煎、炒、炸等高温、急火、温差大的加热方式的陶瓷炒锅来说，极易发生炸裂的缺陷，本申请发明人在先申请的专利ZL200910115876.X公开了一种超耐热陶瓷炒锅，以45％～ 50％锂辉石、12％～ 20％石英、15％～ 20％高岭土、6％～ 10％滑石、6％～ 7％废瓷渣、0.5％～ 1％氧化铌、0.3％～ 0.5％聚丙烯酸胺制得，降低了膨胀系数，耐热性好，耐磨性好。但是相对来说仍然长期耐热稳定性、抗裂性有待进一步提升，以提高耐热陶瓷炒锅使用寿命，提高市场竞争力。
用透锂长石为主要原料来生产低膨胀、 高耐热的陶瓷产品是很好的方案，有研究成功制成了透锂长石含量43%、工艺性能良好的坯料，产品的热膨胀系数1.86×10-7，产品的抗热震性能700℃至 20℃水冷却不裂。此外，与锂辉石相比较，透锂长石在提高产品热稳定性和降低生产成本上具有明显优势。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于提供一种透锂长石耐热陶瓷炒锅，利用价格更便宜的透锂长石为主要原料，生产出的耐热陶瓷炒锅抗热震性好、抗裂性好、耐磨性好、导热性好。
为了实现上述目的，本发明采用了下述技术方案：一种透锂长石耐热陶瓷炒锅，锅体由以下质量份的原料烧制而成：
透锂长石 45-65重量份；
锂辉石 15-40重量份；
石英 12-20重量份；
高岭土 15-20重量份；
滑石 6-9重量份；
微晶陶瓷粉 5-8重量份；
埃洛石纳米管 1-3重量份；
纳米碳化钨粉 0.5-1重量份；
纳米氧化锝粉 0.5-1重量份；
聚丙烯酰胺 0.3-0.5重量份。
更特别的是，所采用的透锂长石中Li20含量为4.9%，以质量百分数计。
更特别的是，所采用的锂辉石中Li20含量为5.0%，以质量百分数计。
更特别的是，所述微晶陶瓷粉的熔融温度不低于耐热陶瓷炒锅的烧成温度，在耐热陶瓷炒锅烧成过程中，微晶陶瓷粉维持固相形态，所述微晶陶瓷粉为颗粒大小为500目以细。
微晶陶瓷粉的制备过程为：将MgO-Al2O3-SiO2系统玻璃粉碎后与方镁石混合烧结，形成莫来石质微晶陶瓷，莫来石质微晶陶瓷经过粉碎、筛分后得到莫来石质微晶陶瓷粉，耐温高达 1250℃。当然也可以采用其他方法制备微晶陶瓷粉，只要膨胀率低，熔融温度高于耐热陶瓷炒锅烧成温度，并且不含对人体有害的重金属物质均可。
本发明的透锂长石耐热陶瓷炒锅制备工艺为：
a.透锂长石、锂辉石、石英、高岭土、滑石预先粉碎、筛分、除铁；按配方比例称取原料，经过加水球磨、压滤、粗炼、陈腐、精炼、成型得到锅体坯体；
b.锅体坯体放入烘房中烘干；
c.打用于安装手柄的孔，修坯去除毛刺；
d.水洗去除粉尘后晾干；
e.素烧锅体坯体，素烧温度为800℃左右；
f.素烧后的粗坯上釉；
g.釉烧得到耐热陶瓷炒锅锅体；
h.装配手柄得到耐热陶瓷炒锅成品。
本发明中，采用100m3的大型梭子窑进行素烧和釉烧，温度气氛控制效果好，产量大，产品质量稳定。
本发明的优点：采用透锂长石取代锂辉石作为主要原料，成本更低，产品抗热震性更好，埃洛石纳米管是天然矿物，开采方便，价格便宜，其散热导热性良好，加入炒锅中可提高炒锅导热性。微晶陶瓷粉强度高，膨胀率低，膨胀率接近于零，微晶陶瓷粉作为颗粒核分布于陶瓷烧成相中，提高了强度，降低了膨胀率，添加纳米碳化钨粉和纳米氧化锝粉作为烧成成核剂，均匀分布在坯体中，起到快速烧结成核的作用，并且因为成核数量大，可抑制晶粒长大，使得烧成的固相晶粒大小均匀，坯体各区域结构均匀，变形小，抗热震性好，抗裂性好，700℃-20℃极冷不裂。而且纳米碳化钨粉和纳米氧化锝粉还起到了提高炒锅导热性的作用。
具体实施方式
下面结合实施例对本发明作进一步详细说明。
实施例1
透锂长石耐热陶瓷炒锅，锅体由以下质量份的原料烧制而成：
透锂长石 50重量份；
锂辉石 20重量份；
石英 15重量份；
高岭土 17重量份；
滑石 7重量份；
微晶陶瓷粉 6重量份；
埃洛石纳米管 2重量份；
纳米碳化钨粉 0.5重量份；
纳米氧化锝粉 1重量份；
聚丙烯酰胺 0.5重量份；
其中，透锂长石中Li20含量为4.9%，以质量百分数计；锂辉石中Li20含量为5.0%，以质量百分数计。
其中，所述微晶陶瓷粉的熔融温度不低于耐热陶瓷炒锅的烧成温度，在耐热陶瓷炒锅烧成过程中，微晶陶瓷粉维持固相形态，所述微晶陶瓷粉为颗粒大小为500目以细。
微晶陶瓷粉的制备过程为：将MgO-Al2O3-SiO2系统玻璃粉碎后与方镁石混合烧结，形成莫来石质微晶陶瓷，莫来石质微晶陶瓷经过粉碎、筛分后得到莫来石质微晶陶瓷粉，耐温高达 1250℃。当然也可以采用其他方法制备微晶陶瓷粉，只要膨胀率低，熔融温度高于耐热陶瓷炒锅烧成温度，并且不含对人体有害的重金属物质均可。
透锂长石耐热陶瓷炒锅制备步骤为：
a.透锂长石、锂辉石、石英、高岭土、滑石预先粉碎、筛分、除铁；按配方比例称取原料，经过加水球磨、压滤、粗炼、陈腐、精炼、成型得到锅体坯体；
b.锅体坯体放入烘房中烘干；
c.打用于安装手柄的孔，修坯去除毛刺；
d.水洗去除粉尘后晾干；
e.采用梭子窑素烧锅体坯体，素烧温度为800℃左右；
f.素烧后的粗坯上釉；
g.采用100m3的大型梭子窑在1300℃釉烧得到耐热陶瓷炒锅锅体；
h.装配手柄得到耐热陶瓷炒锅成品。
实施例2
透锂长石耐热陶瓷炒锅，锅体由以下质量份的原料烧制而成：
透锂长石 45重量份；
锂辉石 25重量份；
石英 20重量份；
高岭土 15重量份；
滑石 6重量份；
微晶陶瓷粉 5重量份；
埃洛石纳米管 1重量份；
纳米碳化钨粉 1重量份；
纳米氧化锝粉 0.5重量份；
聚丙烯酰胺 0.3重量份。
透锂长石耐热陶瓷炒锅制备步骤与实施例1相同。
实施例3
透锂长石耐热陶瓷炒锅，锅体由以下质量份的原料烧制而成：
透锂长石 45重量份；
锂辉石 22重量份；
石英 12重量份；
高岭土 20重量份；
滑石 9重量份；
微晶陶瓷粉 8重量份；
埃洛石纳米管 2重量份；
纳米碳化钨粉 0.5重量份；
纳米氧化锝粉 0.5重量份；
聚丙烯酰胺 0.4重量份。
透锂长石耐热陶瓷炒锅制备步骤与实施例1相同。
实施例4
透锂长石耐热陶瓷炒锅，锅体由以下质量份的原料烧制而成：
透锂长石 65重量份；
锂辉石 5重量份；
石英 18重量份；
高岭土 18重量份；
滑石 6重量份；
微晶陶瓷粉 7重量份；
埃洛石纳米管 3重量份；
纳米碳化钨粉 1重量份；
纳米氧化锝粉 1重量份；
聚丙烯酰胺 0.5重量份。
透锂长石耐热陶瓷炒锅制备步骤与实施例1相同。
实施例5
透锂长石耐热陶瓷炒锅，锅体由以下质量份的原料烧制而成：
透锂长石 55重量份；
锂辉石 20重量份；
石英 14重量份；
高岭土 16重量份；
滑石 7重量份；
微晶陶瓷粉 6重量份；
埃洛石纳米管 3重量份；
纳米碳化钨粉 0.5重量份；
纳米氧化锝粉 0.5重量份；
聚丙烯酰胺 0.5重量份。
透锂长石耐热陶瓷炒锅制备步骤与实施例1相同。
对比例
普通陶瓷炒锅的配方为：
锂辉石 50重量份；
石英 15质量份；
高岭土 15质量份；
滑石 7质量份；
废瓷渣 6质量份；
聚丙烯酰胺 0.5质量份。
对实施例1-5所得的耐热陶瓷锅体作性能测试，结果如下：
| 项目 | 膨胀系数(10-6/℃) | 抗热震测试 | 导热系数(W/m·K) | 耐磨性（g/cm2） | 抗折强度(MPa) |
| 实施例1 | 0.83 | 650～20℃不裂 | 135 | 1.60 | 85 |
| 实施例2 | 0.87 | 650～20℃不裂 | 134 | 1.36 | 88 |
| 实施例3 | 0.92 | 650～20℃不裂 | 131 | 1.10 | 84 |
| 实施例4 | 0.93 | 650～20℃不裂 | 128 | 1.20 | 82 |
| 实施例5 | 0.95 | 650～20℃不裂 | 135 | 1.32 | 86 |
由上可知，本发明的透锂长石耐热陶瓷炒锅不但采用了价格更便宜的透锂长石，经济效益好，而且膨胀系数低，强度高，导热性好，耐磨性好，抗热震性好。
通过上述实施例来详细说明本发明，但本发明并不局限于上述实施例，所属技术领域的技术人员应该明了，在本发明宗旨上对本发明的任何改进，对本发明产品各原料的等效替换及辅助成分的添加、具体方式的选择等，均落在本发明的保护范围和公开范围之内。
Claims (5)
1.一种透锂长石耐热陶瓷炒锅，其特征是：锅体由以下质量份的原料烧制而成：
透锂长石 45-65重量份；
锂辉石 15-40重量份；
石英 12-20重量份；
高岭土 15-20重量份；
滑石 6-9重量份；
微晶陶瓷粉 5-8重量份；
埃洛石纳米管 1-3重量份；
纳米碳化钨粉 0.5-1重量份；
纳米氧化锝粉 0.5-1重量份；
聚丙烯酰胺 0.3-0.5重量份。
2.根据权利要求1所述的透锂长石耐热陶瓷炒锅，其特征是：所述透锂长石中Li20含量为4.9%，以质量百分数计。
3.根据权利要求1所述的透锂长石耐热陶瓷炒锅，其特征是：所述锂辉石中Li20含量为5.0%，以质量百分数计。
4.根据权利要求1所述的透锂长石耐热陶瓷炒锅，其特征是：所述微晶陶瓷粉的熔融温度不低于耐热陶瓷炒锅的烧成温度，在耐热陶瓷炒锅烧成过程中，微晶陶瓷粉维持固相形态，所述微晶陶瓷粉为颗粒大小为500目以细。
5.一种权利要求1所述透锂长石耐热陶瓷炒锅的制备工艺，其特征是步骤如下：
a.透锂长石、锂辉石、石英、高岭土、滑石预先粉碎、筛分、除铁；按配方比例称取原料，经过加水球磨、压滤、粗炼、陈腐、精炼、成型得到锅体坯体；
b.锅体坯体放入烘房中烘干；
c.打用于安装手柄的孔，修坯去除毛刺；
d.水洗去除粉尘后晾干；
e.素烧锅体坯体，素烧温度为800℃左右；
f.素烧后的粗坯上釉；
g.釉烧得到耐热陶瓷炒锅锅体；
h.装配手柄得到耐热陶瓷炒锅成品。
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