CN108085020A - 一种负介电各向异性液晶组合物及其应用 - Google Patents

一种负介电各向异性液晶组合物及其应用 Download PDF

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CN108085020A
CN108085020A CN201810100796.6A CN201810100796A CN108085020A CN 108085020 A CN108085020 A CN 108085020A CN 201810100796 A CN201810100796 A CN 201810100796A CN 108085020 A CN108085020 A CN 108085020A
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liquid
crystal composition
general formula
formula
carbon number
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CN108085020B (zh
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马锋
丰佩川
史子谦
房凤梅
张德超
金晓雨
孙云峰
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Yantai Xianhua Technology Group Co.,Ltd.
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YANTAI XIANHUA CHEM-TECH Co Ltd
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Abstract

本发明涉及一种负介电各向异性液晶组合物。该液晶组合物包含：占所述液晶组合物总质量的5％～40％的通式Ⅰ化合物及占所述液晶组合物总质量的10％～70％的通式II化合物。该组合物具有较高的清亮点、适当的光学各向异性、极大的负的介电各向异性、较大的电阻率、较好的稳定性及抗UV能力，可应用于垂直排列VA显示模式。

Description

一种负介电各向异性液晶组合物及其应用
技术领域
本发明涉及一种负介电各向异性液晶组合物，本发明还涉及一种该负介电各向异性液晶组合物在液晶显示器领域的应用。
背景技术
液晶显示器通常是利用液晶材料的光学各向异性和介电各向异性的特性来实现显示功能。根据介电各向异性的正负，可将液晶分为正介电各向异性液晶和负介电各向异性液晶。负介电各向异性的液晶应用非常广泛，成为目前研究热点之一。如现有技术中，将2，3-二氰基-1,4-亚苯基单元引入到液晶分子中，可得到负介电各向异性液晶。如现有技术中，将2,3-二氟-1,4-亚苯基引入到液晶分子中，可得到负介电各向异性液晶。但除了需要考虑液晶化合物的负介电各向异性之外，清亮点、稳定性以及抗UV能力亦是液晶性质的重要性质。综上，有必要提出一种液晶组合物，以解决实际应用所需的较高的清亮点、适当的光学各向异性、极大的负的介电各向异性、较大的电阻率、较好的稳定性及抗UV能力的性能的问题。
发明内容
本发明针对上述现有技术的不足，提供一种具有较高的清亮点、适当的光学各向异性、极大的负的介电各向异性、较大的电阻率、较好的稳定性及抗UV能力的负介电各向异性液晶组合物。
本发明解决上述技术问题的技术方案如下：
一种负介电各向异性液晶组合物，其特征在于，所述液晶组合物包含：
占所述液晶组合物总质量的5％～40％的通式Ⅰ所示的液晶化合物族群中的至少一种化合物；
占所述液晶组合物总质量的10％～70％的通式II，所述通式II包括通式II-1、通式II-2及通式II-3所示的液晶化合物族群中的至少一种化合物；
其中，R1，R2可分别独立的表示氢原子，碳原子数为1～7的烷基，碳原子数为1～6的烷氧基或碳原子数为2～6的链烯基；
各自独立的表示
m，n各自独立的表示0或1；
Z1表示单键、-CH2O-、-CH2CH2-或-CH＝CH-；
R3及R4各自独立的表示为碳原子数为1～10的烷基，所述烷基中，不相邻的任意-CH2-可以被-O-取代，不相邻的任意-CH2-CH2-可以被-CH＝CH-取代；
环C、环D、环E和环F独立为反式-1，4-亚环己基、1，4-亚苯基、2-氟-1，4-亚苯基、3-氟-1，4-亚苯基、嘧啶-2，5-二基、1，3-二氧六环-2，5二基或四氢吡喃-2，5-二基；
Z21、Z22及Z23各自独立的表示为单键、-CH2-CH2-、-CH＝CH-、-C≡C-、-COO-或-CH2O-。
进一步的，所述液晶组合物还包含：
占所述液晶组合物总质量的5％～60％的通式Ⅲ，所述通式Ⅲ包括通式Ⅲ-1和通式Ⅲ-2所示的液晶化合物族群中的至少一种化合物；
其中，R5，R6各自独立的表示氢原子，碳原子数为1-7的烷基，碳原子数为1～6的烷氧基，或碳原子数为2～6的链烯基；
表示
Z3、Z4各自独立的表示单键、-CH2O-、-CH2CH2-、-CH＝CH-、-COO-、-C≡C-；
Y1，Y2各自独立表示-F或-H；Y3，Y4各自独立表示-F、-H或-CN；
q,p分别独立表示0或1，且q+p＝0或1。
进一步的，所述通式Ⅰ的结构选自式Ⅰ-1至式Ⅰ-14所示化合物：
其中，R1，R2各自独立的表示碳原子数为1～6的烷基，碳原子数为1～5的烷氧基。
进一步的，所述通式II的结构选自式II-1-1至式II-1-6、式II-2-1至式II-2-14及II-3-1至式II-3-7所示的化合物族群中的至少一种化合物：
其中，R3，R4各自独立的表示碳原子数为1-6的烷基，或碳原子数为1～5的烷氧基。
进一步的，所述通式式Ⅲ-1的结构选自式Ⅲ-1-1至式Ⅲ-1-24表示化合物：
其中，R5为具有1～6个碳原子的烷基或具有2～6个碳原子的烯基；
R6为具有1～6个碳原子的烷基，具有1～6个碳原子的烷氧基或具有2～6个碳原子的烯基。
进一步的，所述通式II占所述液晶组合物总质量的15％～60％。
本发明还提供一种液晶显示元件，包括上述中任一项所述的液晶组合物。
本发明还提供一种如上述中任一项所述的液晶组合物在液晶显示领域的应用。
本发明还提供一种如上述中任一项所述的液晶组合物在垂直排列VA显示模式的液晶显示元件领域的应用。
有益效果：
本发明液晶组合物具有较高的清亮点、适当的光学各向异性、极大的负的介电各向异性、较大的电阻率、较好的稳定性及抗UV能力，可应用于垂直排列VA显示模式。
具体实施方式
以下将结合具体实施方案来说明本发明。需要说明的是，下面的实施例为本发明的示例，仅用来说明本发明，而不用来限制本发明。在不偏离本发明主旨或范围的情况下，可进行本发明构思内的其他组合和各种改良。
本发明的液晶组合物采用常规方法将两种或多种液晶化合物混合进行生产，如在高温下混合不同组分并彼此溶解的方法制备，其中，将液晶组合物溶解在用于该化合物的溶剂中并混合，然后在减压下蒸馏出该溶剂；或者本发明的液晶组合物可按照常规的方法制备，如将其中含量较小的组分在较高的温度下溶解在含量较大的主要组分中，或将各所属组分在有机溶剂中溶解，如丙酮、氯仿或甲醇等，然后将溶液混合后去除溶剂后得到。
本发明中的百分比为重量百分比，温度为摄氏度(℃)。如无其他说明，其他符号的具体意义及测试条件如下：
Cp(℃)表示液晶的清亮点。
△n为光学各向异性，测试条件为，589nm波长，25℃。测量仪器：阿贝折射仪。
△ε为介电各向异性，△ε＝ε∥-ε⊥，其中，ε∥为平行于分子轴的介电常数，ε⊥为垂直于分子轴的介电常数。
η：流动粘度(mPa·s)。
Vth：阈值电压(V)，测试条件为，VA型4微米测试盒，常黑模式。
本发明实施例中的液晶组合物采用业内普遍使用的热溶解或震荡混合方法，首先用天平按重量百分比称量液晶化合物，其中称量加入顺序无特定要求，通常以液晶化合物熔点由高到低的顺序依次称量混合，在60℃恒温下加热搅拌或在震荡机中震荡使得各组分熔解均匀，再经吸附、微滤膜微滤、最后封装即得目标样品。
在以下的实施例中所采用的各成分，均可以通过公知的方法进行合成，或者通过商业途径获得。这些合成技术是常规的，所得到各液晶化合物经测试符合电子类化合物标准。
为便于表达，以下各实施例中，液晶化合物的基团结构用表1所列的代码表示：
表1 液晶化合物的基团结构代码
实例1
实例2
实例3
实例4
实例5
实例6
实例7
实例8
实例9
通过上述实例1-实例9可得出，本发明液晶组合物具有较高的清亮点、适当的光学各向异性、极大的负的介电各向异性、较大的电阻率、较好的稳定性及抗UV能力。
本发明通式Ⅰ所示的液晶化合物具有极大的介电各向异性绝对值，较高的清亮点，较好的稳定性及抗UV能力；众所周知，从液晶组合物调制的角度来考虑，采用不同性质的液晶化合物来兼顾这些要求，由于材料各方面的性能有些是相互制约的，若形成各种功能均良好的液晶组合物，仍需付出创造性劳动，本发明通式II为一种具有小粘度的特定双环化合物，将通式Ⅰ、通式II，或通式Ⅰ、通式II和通式Ⅲ调制组成的液晶组合物保持较高的清亮点、适当的光学各向异性、极大的负的介电各向异性、较大的电阻率、较好的稳定性及抗UV能力。
本发明所述的液晶组合物可应用于垂直排列VA显示模式的液晶显示元件。
本发明可用其他的不违背本发明的精神或主要特征的具体形式来概述。因此，无论从哪一点来看，本发明的上述实施方案都只能认为是对本发明的说明而不能限制本发明，权利要求书指出了本发明的范围，而上述的说明并未指出本发明的范围，因此，在与本发明的权利要求书相当的含义和范围内的任何改变，都应认为是包括在本发明的权利要求书的范围内。

Claims (9)

1.一种负介电各向异性液晶组合物，其特征在于，所述液晶组合物包含：
占所述液晶组合物总质量的5％～40％的通式Ⅰ所示的液晶化合物族群中的至少一种化合物；
占所述液晶组合物总质量的10％～70％的通式II，所述通式II包括通式II-1、通式II-2及通式II-3所示的液晶化合物族群中的至少一种化合物；
其中，R1，R2可分别独立的表示氢原子，碳原子数为1～7的烷基，碳原子数为1～6的烷氧基或碳原子数为2～6的链烯基；
各自独立的表示
m，n各自独立的表示0或1；
Z1表示单键、-CH2O-、-CH2CH2-或-CH＝CH-；
R3及R4各自独立的表示为碳原子数为1～10的烷基，所述烷基中，不相邻的任意-CH2-可以被-O-取代，不相邻的任意-CH2-CH2-可以被-CH＝CH-取代；
环C、环D环E和环F独立为反式-1，4-亚环己基、1，4-亚苯基、2-氟-1，4-亚苯基、3-氟-1，4-亚苯基、嘧啶-2，5-二基、1，3-二氧六环-2，5二基或四氢吡喃-2，5-二基；
Z21、Z22及Z23各自独立的表示为单键、-CH2-CH2-、-CH＝CH-、-C≡C-、-COO-或-CH2O-。
2.如权利要求1所述的负介电各向异性液晶组合物，其特征在于，所述液晶组合物还包含：
占所述液晶组合物总质量的5％～60％的通式Ⅲ，所述通式Ⅲ包括通式Ⅲ-1和通式Ⅲ-2所示的液晶化合物族群中的至少一种化合物；
其中，R5、R6各自独立的表示氢原子，碳原子数为1-7的烷基，碳原子数为1～6的烷氧基，或碳原子数为2～6的链烯基；
表示
Z3、Z4各自独立的表示单键、-CH2O-、-CH2CH2-、-CH＝CH-、-COO-、-C≡C-；
Y1，Y2各自独立表示-F或-H；Y3，Y4各自独立表示-F、-H或-CN；
q,p分别独立表示0或1，且q+p＝0或1。
3.如权利要求1所述的负介电各向异性液晶组合物，其特征在于，所述通式Ⅰ的结构选自式Ⅰ-1至式Ⅰ-14所示化合物：
其中，R1，R2各自独立的表示碳原子数为1～6的烷基，碳原子数为1～5的烷氧基。
4.如权利要求1所述的负介电各向异性液晶组合物，其特征在于，所述通式II的结构选自式II-1-1至式II-1-6、式II-2-1至式II-2-14及II-3-1至式II-3-7所示的化合物族群中的至少一种化合物：
其中，R3，R4各自独立的表示碳原子数为1-6的烷基，或碳原子数为1～5的烷氧基。
5.如权利要求2所述的负介电各向异性液晶组合物，其特征在于，所述通式式Ⅲ-1的结构选自式Ⅲ-1-1至式Ⅲ-1-24表示化合物：
其中，R5为具有1～6个碳原子的烷基或具有2～6个碳原子的烯基；
R6为具有1～6个碳原子的烷基，具有1～6个碳原子的烷氧基或具有2～6个碳原子的烯基。
6.如权利要求1所述的负介电各向异性液晶组合物，其特征在于，所述通式II占所述液晶组合物总质量的15％～60％。
7.一种液晶显示元件，其特征在于，包含有权利要求1至7中任一项所述的负介电各向异性液晶组合物。
8.一种如权利要求7所述的液晶组合物在液晶显示领域的应用。
9.一种如权利要求7所述的液晶组合物在垂直排列VA显示模式的液晶显示元件领域的应用。
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