CN108077106B - Cattle oestrus early warning method - Google Patents
Cattle oestrus early warning method Download PDFInfo
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- CN108077106B CN108077106B CN201711354611.6A CN201711354611A CN108077106B CN 108077106 B CN108077106 B CN 108077106B CN 201711354611 A CN201711354611 A CN 201711354611A CN 108077106 B CN108077106 B CN 108077106B
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; CARE OF BIRDS, FISHES, INSECTS; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K29/00—Other apparatus for animal husbandry
- A01K29/005—Monitoring or measuring activity, e.g. detecting heat or mating
Abstract
The invention provides a cattle oestrus early warning method which comprises the steps of collecting cattle body activity and cattle body temperature, and when the rising amplitude of the cattle body activity at any collection time point is higher than 2.5 times of the average historical cattle body activity at the same collection time point in the previous 7 days, the rising duration of the cattle body activity is not lower than 1 hour, and at least one peak is provided, the cattle oestrus is early warned; furthermore, when the body temperature at any collection time point is 0.3 ℃ higher than the average body temperature value at the same collection time point in the previous 7 days and the duration time is not less than 4.5 hours, the cattle oestrus is early warned, and the accuracy of the cattle oestrus state early warning can be further improved. The two detection methods are combined for oestrus detection, and the defects can be overcome, so that the cattle oestrus early warning method can effectively improve the cattle oestrus detection rate and accuracy, and has important application value.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of livestock breeding, in particular to a cattle oestrus early warning method.
Background
The cattle activity amount is the measurement of all the activities of daily feeding, lying, rumination, movement and the like of the cattle, and an activity amount monitoring system developed according to the change characteristics of the cattle activity amount plays an important role in the breeding management of the cattle. However, not all cattle have significant oestrus expression, and around 10% of cattle do not have significant oestrus expression, and it is very difficult to observe oestrus manually. Although the detection rate of the commercial estrus monitoring equipment reaches up to 95%, the detection rate of recessive estrus cows with unobvious estrus expression is lower than 70%, and the estrus monitoring detection rate still needs to be further improved (Caochao et al, 2013). The reason why the detection rate of the stealth oestrus cows is low may be not significantly related to the change in the activity of the cows on the one hand, and may be influenced by the threshold for detecting the activity of the oestrus. Therefore, new technologies and methods are needed to improve the detection rate of the entire estrus monitoring system.
The physiological and health status of cattle is the reflection of various physiological parameters, and the body temperature is the most representative of the parameters and is the basis for measuring the physical status of cattle (exquisiteness, et al, 2012). The physiological state of the cow can be known in real time by monitoring the body temperature of the cow, the oestrus cow can be accurately identified according to the change of the temperature, the calving interval can be shortened, and the milk yield (Wuyan, etc., 2012) is improved. Research reports that the vulva and nasoscope temperatures of the dairy cows respectively have a peak value at 48h before estrus and gradually decrease at 36.2 ℃ and 35.1 ℃ until 24h before estrus reaches a minimum value at 35.5 ℃ and 33.5 ℃, respectively, then increase again, and reach peak values again at full estrus (36.8 ℃ and 34.4 ℃) (TALUKDER S et al, 2014) by using an infrared camera, although the detected temperature is not the real body temperature of the cows, the improvement is needed.
There is another study of implanting a wireless temperature sensor into the perineal muscle of a cow through a surgical operation, and attempting to identify the estrus of the cow by monitoring the perineal temperature (Morais R et al, 2006), but the method has great harm to the cow and is complicated to operate. Although there have been many studies on bovine oestrus monitoring by using body temperature detection technology, there is no real application report due to the limitations of technology and method.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to overcome the problems or at least partially solve the problems, the invention provides a cattle oestrus early warning method to solve the technical problem of low cattle oestrus state early warning accuracy.
According to one aspect of the invention, a cattle oestrus early warning method is provided, wherein cattle body activity is collected, and when the rising amplitude of the cattle body activity at any collection time point is higher than 2.5 times of the average historical cattle body activity at the same collection time point in the previous 7 days, the rising duration of the cattle body activity is not lower than 1 hour, and at least one peak is provided, the cattle oestrus is early warned.
Further, the method comprises the steps of collecting the body temperature of the cattle, and when the body temperature of any collection time point is higher than the average historical body temperature rise amplitude of the same collection time point of the previous 7 days by more than 0.3 ℃, and the duration time of the body temperature rise is not less than 4.5 hours, early warning of the oestrus of the cattle is achieved.
Further, a vagina physiological parameter automatic acquisition device is adopted to acquire the body temperature and the body activity of the cattle.
Furthermore, the device for automatically acquiring the physiological parameters of the vagina comprises a thermosensitive element and an acceleration sensor, wherein the thermosensitive element and the acceleration sensor are integrated in a cylindrical shell.
Further, the thermosensitive element is used for collecting the body temperature of the cattle once every 0.5 h; the acceleration sensor is used for collecting the activity of the cattle body and accumulating the activity once every 0.5 h.
Further, the automatic acquisition device for the physiological parameters of the vagina is placed near the cervix in the vagina of the cow.
Further, the cattle estrus comprises natural estrus and synchronous estrus.
Further, the cattle include healthy, 21-23 month old, reproductive cows.
The beneficial effects of the invention are mainly embodied in the following aspects:
simultaneously, the body temperature data and the body activity data of the cattle are collected, and thresholds are set and analyzed for the changes and the duration of the body temperature data and the body activity of the cattle respectively, so that the oestrus state of the cattle can be monitored more accurately; the automatic vagina physiological parameter acquisition device for acquiring the temperature has a simple structure and cannot generate adverse health influence on the cattle.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an automatic acquisition device for vaginal physiological parameters of a cow oestrus early warning method according to an embodiment of the invention.
Detailed Description
The following detailed description of embodiments of the present invention is provided in connection with the accompanying drawings and examples. The following examples are intended to illustrate the invention but are not intended to limit the scope of the invention.
A cattle oestrus early warning method is characterized in that the cattle oestrus early warning method is used for recording and judging the change condition of the cattle physical activity according to the cattle physical activity data so as to early warn the cattle oestrus condition.
Specifically, the cattle physical activity is collected, when the rising amplitude of the cattle physical activity at any collection time point is higher than 2.5 times of the average historical cattle physical activity at the same collection time point in the previous 7 days, the rising duration of the physical activity is not less than 1 hour, and at least one peak is provided, so that the cattle oestrus is warned. The peak of the activity of the cattle is that the activity of the cattle at any acquisition time point in the period is higher than the activity of the cattle at the acquisition time points before and after the period.
Specifically, after the data of the bovine body activity amount is collected, the bovine body activity amount at a certain collection time point on the day may be compared with the average value of 7 historical bovine body activity amounts collected at the same time point on the previous 7 days.
By setting the rising times, the duration and the peak number of the activity of the cattle body, the cattle oestrus state can be more accurately pre-warned.
In a specific embodiment, the body temperature of a cow is collected; when the rising amplitude of the body temperature of the cattle at any collection time point is larger than 0.3 ℃ than the average historical body temperature of the same collection time point in the previous 7 days, and the rising duration time of the body temperature of the cattle is not less than 4.5 hours, the cattle is warned to estrus.
Specifically, after the body temperature of the cow is collected, the body temperature of the cow at a certain collection time point on the same day can be compared with the average value of 7 historical body temperatures collected at the same collection time point 7 days before the day in a period of time.
On the basis of judging the cattle activity setting threshold value, the cattle oestrus state is judged by combining the cattle temperature, and the accuracy of early warning the cattle oestrus state can be obviously improved.
Particularly, when the cattle body temperature data or the cattle activity data are compared and analyzed, the cattle oestrus can be warned accurately. When the comparative analysis process of the temperature of the cattle body and the activity of the cattle body is combined, the accuracy of early warning can be further improved.
Specifically, the body temperature and/or the body activity of the cattle at a certain time period of the day and the average value of the historical body temperature and/or the historical body activity of the cattle at the same time period of the previous 7 days are correspondingly compared and analyzed to analyze the change condition of the body temperature and/or the activity of the cattle, so that the oestrus state of the cattle can be more accurately reflected.
The cow oestrus condition can be more accurately reflected by combining the cow body temperature/activity change and the duration time thereof, so that the cow oestrus state is more accurately warned. And meanwhile, the body temperature of the cattle body and the activity of the cattle body are compared and analyzed, so that the condition that the cattle oestrus early warning accuracy is influenced due to different individual factors of the cattle body can be avoided.
In a specific embodiment, the body temperature and the body activity of the cattle are acquired by using an automatic acquisition device for vaginal physiological parameters. Particularly, the body temperature and the body activity of the cow can be collected simultaneously by adopting one collecting device, so that the data collecting efficiency is improved, the accuracy of data collection can be improved, and meanwhile, the fixing mode of the data collecting device and the cow body can be simplified.
Referring to fig. 1, in another specific embodiment, the vaginal physiological parameter automatic acquisition device comprises a thermosensitive element and an acceleration sensor which are integrated in a cylindrical shell 1. It can be understood that a communication chip can be further disposed in the cylindrical shell 1, the thermosensitive element and the acceleration sensor are both connected with the communication chip, and data collected by the thermosensitive element and the acceleration sensor are transmitted to a receiving device through the communication chip for data analysis. Specifically, at least one V-shaped tensionable clamp is fixed at one end of the cylindrical housing 1. For example, two V-shaped tensionable clamps can be provided for fixing the vaginal physiological parameter automatic acquisition device in the vagina of a cow.
Particularly, the automatic vagina physiological parameter acquisition device adopting the structure can be conveniently placed in a cow body, so that the accuracy of data acquisition is enhanced, and meanwhile, the health of the cow cannot be adversely affected, and the normal activity of the cow cannot be affected.
In another specific embodiment, the thermosensitive element is used for collecting the body temperature of the cattle, and the body temperature is collected every 0.5 h; the acceleration sensor is used for collecting the activity of the cattle body and accumulating the activity once every 0.5 h.
In another specific embodiment, the acquiring the temperature of the cattle body specifically comprises: and placing the automatic vagina physiological parameter acquisition device near a cervix in the vagina of the cattle to acquire the temperature of the cattle body. Specifically, when gathering the ox body temperature, will be used for gathering the vagina physiological parameter automatic acquisition device of ox body temperature and place in the ox vagina near uterus, the collection ox body temperature that can be more accurate makes the ox body temperature of gathering can more accurately reflect the actual body temperature of the ox body to, can reduce the influence that ambient temperature changes the data acquisition of ox body temperature.
In another specific embodiment, bovine estrus includes natural estrus and contemporaneous estrus. By adopting the method, the method has high detection rate on the natural estrus and the synchronous estrus of the cattle.
Further, the cattle include healthy, 21-23 month old, reproductive cows.
Specifically, in the practical process, the specific monitoring method of the cattle estrus early warning method is as follows.
1.1 test time and location
The test is carried out in a certain cattle farm of Hebei Shijiazhuang from 7 and 9 days in 2017 to 8 and 6 days in 2017
1.2 test animals and their rearing management
In the test, 20 cattle (14 cattle in natural estrus and 6 cattle in synchronous estrus and timing insemination processing) are used for detecting related data of estrus, and the body temperature and activity data of 18 cattle in estrus (13 cattle in natural estrus; 5 cattle in synchronous estrus and timing insemination processing) and 2 cattle in non-estrus are collected; test cattle are raised in a scattered manner and fed by a full-automatic TMR daily ration, and feed is fed at 7:00 and 17:00 every day to ensure free feeding and clean drinking water.
1.3 body temperature and Activity measurement device
The body temperature and the activity of the cattle are acquired by using an automatic acquisition device of the physiological parameters of the vagina, namely the automatic acquisition device of the physiological parameters of the vagina. The vaginal physiological parameter automatic acquisition device comprises 20 sets of vaginal physiological parameter automatic acquisition devices, 1 set of data acquisition devices and 1 set of an upper computer system. The system collects the body temperature and activity change of the cattle every 0.5h, the body temperature and activity data are uploaded to the upper computer system every 2h, and in addition, the automatic vagina physiological parameter collecting device which is researched and developed by the team can automatically store the activity and the body temperature of 10d so as to ensure that the data are not lost.
1.4 body temperature and Activity Collection
Pre-testing: two days before the beginning of the formal test, the automatic acquisition device of the physiological parameters of the vagina is placed in the vagina (near the cervix) of the cow, the measurement interval is set to be 0.5h for one time, and the body temperature and activity data of the cow are collected every 2 h; and (4) debugging equipment according to the temperature and activity acquisition result, and simultaneously carrying out test cattle adaptability training. And carrying out formal test after the equipment works normally and the test cattle is adapted.
And (3) formal test: the artificial observation of the estrus of the cattle is carried out once every 4 hours at 6:00-22:00 every day, 1 hour of each observation is carried out, corresponding records are made, meanwhile, the upper computer software is recorded to alarm the estrus cattle according to the change conditions of the activity and the temperature, and B-ultrasonic is used for detecting the follicular development state of the estrus cattle to determine whether the estrus is generated.
1.5 data processing and analysis
Analyzing and counting the test data, wherein the definition of the estrus detection of the cattle is that the difference value between the body temperature of the estrus day and the average value of the body temperatures of the first 7d same time points is not lower than 0.3 ℃, and the duration time is not lower than 4.5 h; the application of the activity amount to detect the estrus of the cattle is defined in that the activity amount of the estrus day is more than 2.5 times of the average value of the activity amounts of the first 7d same time points, the duration time is 1h, and at least 1 peak is provided. The test cattle were verified separately using temperature and activity thresholds.
2 results of the test
2.1 Activity measurement results
The official test started officially on 12.7.7.2017, and since the activity amount required 7d as the basic data for estrus judgment, the data was verified from 19.7.7, and the statistical results are shown in table 1:
TABLE 1 estrus test results of 2.5-fold change in activity, 1h duration and 1 peak number
Note: daily estrus detection rate and false negative rate are statistical analyses of actual estrous cows on the day.
As can be seen from table 2, under the conditions of 2.5-fold change in activity, 1 hour of duration, and 1 number of peaks, the overall oestrus detection rate was 88.89%, and the false negative rate was 11.11% (one naturally oestrus cow and one contemporaneously oestrus cow were not detected), which showed a high detection rate and a low false negative rate, indicating that setting the threshold for oestrus detection according to this method achieves a desirable effect.
2.2 temperature measurement results
Like 2.1, the temperature also needs 7d of data as the basic data for oestrus judgment, and the data is verified from 7 months and 19 days, and the statistical results are shown in table 2:
TABLE 2 results of oestrus detection with 0.3 deg.C temperature change and 4.5h duration
Note: daily estrus detection rate and false negative rate are statistical analyses of actual estrous cows on the day.
As can be seen from Table 2, the temperature change is 0.3 ℃, the duration time is 4.5h, the detection rate is high, the overall estrus detection rate reaches 88.89%, the false negative rate is 11.11% (two cows in the same period are not detected), and a relatively ideal detection result is obtained.
Taking the change of the activity amount as a threshold value of estrus detection, and the temperature change of the cattle which is not detected is shown in a table 3; the change in temperature was used as the threshold for heat detection, and the change in activity of the undetected cattle is shown in Table 4.
TABLE 3 changes in body temperature of cattle
TABLE 4 variation of bovine physical Activity
It is further shown from the data in tables 3 and 4 that the activity level change and the temperature change are used as the threshold values for detecting estrus, and that there are a small number of missed detections, and that the temperature and the activity level change are used as the threshold values for detecting estrus alone, so that all the estrus cows can be detected, and the detection effect is ideal.
And (4) conclusion: the threshold values for heat detection were set to be activity change and temperature change, and although the detection rates were high, both were 88.89%, both were missed, and the false negative rates were 11.11%. The two cattle, the activity changes of which are not detected, have temperature changes, the two cattle, the temperature changes of which are not detected, have activity changes, the two cattle and the temperature changes are combined together to be used as a cattle estrus detection threshold value, all cattle can be detected, and the combination of the temperature and the activity as the cattle estrus detection threshold value shows that the combination of the temperature and the activity has ideal detection effect and has important application value.
Finally, the method of the present invention is only a preferred embodiment and is not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. Any modification, equivalent replacement, or improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (7)
1. The cattle oestrus early warning method is characterized in that a vagina physiological parameter automatic acquisition device is adopted to acquire cattle body activity, when any acquisition time point, the rising amplitude of the cattle body activity is higher than 2.5 times of the average historical cattle body activity of the same acquisition time point of the previous 7 days, the rising duration time of the cattle body activity is not lower than 1 hour, at least one peak is provided, and cattle oestrus is early warned.
2. The early warning method as claimed in claim 1, wherein an automatic acquisition device for physiological parameters of vagina is used for acquiring the body temperature of the cattle, and when the body temperature of the cattle at any acquisition time point is higher than the average historical body temperature of the cattle at the same acquisition time point in the previous 7 days by more than 0.3 ℃, and the duration of the body temperature increase is not less than 4.5 hours, the cattle are warned to estrus.
3. An early warning method as claimed in claim 1 or 2, wherein the automatic acquisition device of physiological parameters of vagina comprises a thermosensitive element and an acceleration sensor, and the thermosensitive element and the acceleration sensor are integrated in a cylindrical shell.
4. A warning method as claimed in claim 3, wherein the thermal element is used to collect the body temperature of the cow once every 0.5 h; the acceleration sensor is used for collecting the activity of the cattle body and accumulating the activity once every 0.5 h.
5. A warning method as claimed in claim 3, wherein the automatic vaginal physiological parameter acquisition device is placed in the vicinity of the cervix in a cow's vagina.
6. The warning method as claimed in claim 1 or 2 or 4 or 5, wherein the cattle oestrus comprises natural oestrus, contemporaneous oestrus.
7. The warning method of claim 1 or 2 or 4 or 5, wherein the cattle comprise healthy, 21-23 month old, fertile cows.
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| CN201711354611.6A CN108077106B (en) | 2017-12-15 | 2017-12-15 | Cattle oestrus early warning method |
| PCT/CN2018/088839 WO2019114203A1 (en) | 2017-12-15 | 2018-05-29 | Estrus early warning method for cows |
| ZA2019/04162A ZA201904162B (en) | 2017-12-15 | 2019-06-26 | Method for reporting bovine estrus |
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| CN109566453B (en) * | 2019-01-25 | 2021-11-16 | 深圳市云辉牧联科技有限公司 | Cattle group estrus uncovering method and device |
| CN111067484A (en) * | 2019-12-18 | 2020-04-28 | 湖南金烽信息科技有限公司 | Intelligent monitoring system and method for external behaviors of physiological parameters of dairy cows |
| CN111357677B (en) * | 2020-05-08 | 2021-08-27 | 郭晓梅 | Method for monitoring abnormal conditions of cows in estrus |
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| WO2019114203A1 (en) | 2019-06-20 |
| CN108077106A (en) | 2018-05-29 |
| ZA201904162B (en) | 2021-04-28 |
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