CN108029584B

CN108029584B - Method for early warning of cow oestrus by detecting cow vagina temperature

Info

Publication number: CN108029584B
Application number: CN201711116395.1A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 王栋; 李蓝祁; 陈晓丽
Original assignee: Institute of Animal Science of CAAS
Current assignee: Institute of Animal Science of CAAS
Priority date: 2017-11-13
Filing date: 2017-11-13
Publication date: 2020-11-10
Anticipated expiration: 2037-11-13
Also published as: CN108029584A

Abstract

The invention relates to a method for early warning the estrus of a cow by detecting the temperature of the cow vagina, which comprises the steps of continuously detecting the temperature of the cow vagina, recording the temperature change, and early warning the estrus of the cow when the temperature at any time point is 0.3 ℃ higher than the average value of the temperature at the same time point in the previous 7 days and the duration time reaches 2.5-3.5 h. Through repeated exploration and verification, the vagina temperature change rule of the cow in estrus is disclosed, the temperature change threshold of the cow in estrus is deduced, a cow estrus identification technology is originally developed, and automatic monitoring of cow estrus is realized. Although the method has partial false positive, no false negative occurs, which shows that the threshold value can only be detected completely for the estrus cattle, and economic loss of cattle farms can not be caused. The temperature threshold value is shown to have an ideal detection result in the cattle oestrus detection, and has important application value.

Description

Method for early warning of cow oestrus by detecting cow vagina temperature

Technical Field

The invention relates to the field of livestock breeding, in particular to a method for automatically monitoring estrus by setting a threshold value to detect the temperature change of cattle.

Background

The breeding is a very important cow breeding link, which is a precondition for whether cows can produce milk and calves, and the oestrus detection is important for breeding management. The oestrus detection methods used today are basically crayon waxing, manual observation, etc., but these methods are time consuming and labor intensive and are also prone to missed detection. Research shows that 60% of cows exhibit oestrus at night, and meanwhile, the oestrus behavior of high-yield cows is less obvious, and the dark oestrus proportion is increased, so that the oestrus identification work faces challenges (Song Asia Pan et al, 2014). Although many detection technologies have been studied for monitoring bovine estrus, no real application is reported due to the limitations of the technologies and methods. Therefore, new technologies and new methods are needed to improve estrus detection rate and accuracy.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to overcome the defects in the prior art and provide a method for accurately, simply and conveniently monitoring estrus through the temperature change of a cow body.

Through repeated exploration and verification, the vagina temperature change rule of the cow in estrus is disclosed, the temperature change threshold of the cow in estrus is deduced, a cow estrus identification technology is originally developed, and automatic monitoring of cow estrus is realized.

The technical scheme of the invention is as follows:

a method for early warning of cattle oestrus by detecting the vaginal temperature of cattle comprises the following steps: continuously detecting the cow vagina temperature, recording the temperature change, and warning the cow oestrus when the temperature at any time point is 0.3 ℃ higher than the average temperature value at the same time point in the previous 7 days and the duration time reaches 2.5-3.5 h.

Specifically, when the temperature at any time point is increased by 0.3 ℃ compared with the average temperature value at the same time point in the previous 7 days and the duration time reaches 2.5h, 3h or 3.5h, the cattle are warned to estrus.

Preferably, when the temperature at any time point is increased by 0.3 ℃ compared with the average temperature at the same time point in the previous 7 days, and the duration time reaches 3.5 hours, the cattle is warned to estrus.

Further, the vaginal temperature of the cattle was measured once at intervals of 0.5 h.

Further, the temperature near the cervix in the cow vagina is detected.

Further, the vagina temperature of the cattle is detected by a vagina parameter detection device.

The vaginal parameter detection device can adopt the common equipment in the field, such as a livestock physiological state detection system disclosed in Chinese patent ZL 201620035605.9 and a high signal emission intensity in-vivo detector thereof; a livestock body physiological state detection system and an anti-falling body internal detector thereof disclosed in Chinese patent ZL 201620037067.7; a livestock body physiological state detection system and an in-vivo adaptation detector thereof are disclosed in Chinese patent ZL 201620035629.4.

Further, the cattle include healthy, reproductive cows; such as a 21-23 month old Holstein cow.

Further, the cattle estrus comprises natural estrus and estrus synchronization.

Specifically, the method for early warning the estrus of the cattle by detecting the vaginal temperature of the cattle comprises the following steps: placing the sterilized vaginal parameter detection device near the cervix in the vagina of a cow through a sterilized tubular inserter, detecting the vaginal temperature of the cow once at intervals of 0.5h after the cow recovers to a normal physiological state, and recording the temperature change; when the temperature at any time point is increased by 0.3 ℃ compared with the average temperature value at the same time point in the previous 7 days, and the duration time reaches 2.5-3.5h, the cattle is warned to estrus.

According to the method, a threshold value is set, the temperature of any time point is increased by 0.3 ℃ compared with the average temperature value of the same time point in the previous 7 days, the duration time reaches 3.5 hours, the automatic estrus early warning of the cattle is carried out, the detection rate of the estrus cattle is 100%, and the false positive rate is 21.74%. Although partial false positive exists under the threshold, no false negative occurs, which indicates that the threshold can only be detected for the heat cattle, and economic loss of cattle farms can not be caused. The temperature threshold value is shown to have an ideal detection result in the cattle oestrus detection, and has important application value.

Detailed Description

The following examples are intended to illustrate the invention but are not intended to limit the scope of the invention. The examples do not show the specific techniques or conditions, according to the technical or conditions described in the literature in the field, or according to the product specifications. The reagents or instruments used are conventional products available from regular distributors, not indicated by the manufacturer.

Example 1

1 materials and methods

1.1 test time and location

The method is carried out in a cattle farm in Hebei in 2017, 7 months, 9 days to 8 months and 6 days.

1.2 test animals and rearing management

Selecting 20 superovulation cows (14 cows are in natural estrus and 6 cows are in estrus) for acquiring the temperature during estrus, and finally acquiring the temperature change of 18 cows in estrus (13 cows are in natural estrus and 5 cows are in estrus). The last injection of the cattle is superranked about 6 months and 8 days in 2017, and the embryo flushing time is 15 days. We performed the trial on day 7, 9 using this batch of cattle. Test cattle are raised in a scattered hurdle mode and fed by a full-automatic TMR daily ration, and feed, free feed and clean drinking water are respectively fed at 6:00 and 18:00 every day.

1.3 instrumentation

The vagina physiological parameter acquisition system comprises 20 sets of vagina parameter detection devices, 1 set of data acquisition devices and 1 set of upper computer system; a B-mode ultrasonic detector; all are equipment commonly used in the field.

1.4 Collection of temperature and Activity

Pre-testing: at the beginning of the official test, the tubular inserter is sterilized by potassium permanganate solution, the vaginal parameter detection device is sterilized by terramycin, and then the vaginal parameter detection device is put into the vagina (near the cervix) by the tubular inserter, and immediately after the vaginal parameter detection device is put into the vagina, the cow possibly has slight discomfort, and the cow bows down to the back and recovers to a normal physiological state after about 5 minutes. The vaginal temperature measurement interval is set to be 0.5h once, and the cattle body temperature and activity data are collected once every 2h by a collector and uploaded to an upper computer system for analysis. And after the equipment normally collects and transmits data, starting a formal test.

And (3) formal test: the artificial observation of the estrus of the cattle is carried out once every 4 hours at 6:00-22:00 every day, the observation is carried out for 0.5 hour every time, corresponding records are made, meanwhile, the early warning of the estrus cattle through temperature change in the software of the upper computer is recorded, and the follicle development state of the estrus cattle is detected by applying a B-type ultrasonic detector to the estrus cattle so as to determine whether the estrus is generated. During the test, an early warning threshold value which is increased by 0.3 ℃ and lasts for 2.5 hours is set for reminding a tester to check whether the cattle is oestrous or not.

1.5 data processing and analysis

Statistical analysis is carried out on the temperature data, and the temperature on the heat day is increased by 0.3 ℃ and defined as the heat beginning, and the temperature is decreased by 0.3 ℃ and defined as the heat ending. The average value of the temperatures at the same time points 7 days before estrus and the temperature difference from each time point in the estrus stage are calculated, and the average value and the standard deviation of the difference are calculated.

2 results and analysis

2.1 temperature Change in estrus of test cattle

The average values and standard deviation statistics of the body temperature changes of the experimental cattle are shown in table 1. The natural estrus cattle has the minimum estrus duration time of 5.0h and the maximum estrus duration time of 21.0h, the minimum variation temperature of 0.3 ℃ and the maximum variation temperature of 1.0 ℃; the estrus duration of the cattle in the same period is 3.5h as shortest and 7.5h as longest (longer than the shortest duration of natural estrus), but the estrus duration of the cattle in the same period is generally shorter than that of the cattle in natural estrus. When the naturally estrous cattle are estrous, the body temperature change (average 0.52 ℃) is larger, the change amplitude is larger than that of the same-period estrous cattle (average 0.4 ℃), and the duration (about 9.3 h) is also higher (about 4.8 h) than that of the same-period estrous cattle. It can also be seen from table 1 that the longer the estrus duration, the greater the temperature change is likely.

TABLE 1 temperature Change during estrus in estrus cattle

2.2 threshold selection

As can be seen from table 2, as the temperature threshold was increased, the number of detected cows decreased gradually with the daily temperature change of each cow, but the number of false positives decreased gradually. When the temperature threshold is increased by 0.3 ℃ and the duration time is 2.5h, 3h and 3.5h, the estrus detection rate is the highest and is 100%, and meanwhile, the false positive detection rate is the highest (respectively 7, 5 and 5), so that the temperature threshold is increased by 0.3 ℃ and the duration time is 3.5h, the optimal threshold for monitoring the estrus cows by using a vaginal parameter detection device is adopted, the estrus detection rate can reach 100%, the false positive detection rate is relatively less, and the false positive rate is 21.74%.

TABLE 2 number of cattle and false positives detectable at different thresholds

3. Conclusion

When the vagina parameter detection system is used for carrying out automatic early warning on the estrus of the cattle, the threshold is set to be that the temperature at any time point is 0.3 ℃ higher than the average value of the temperatures at the same time point in the previous 7 days, and when the duration time reaches 3.5 hours, the detection rate of the estrus cattle is 100 percent, and the false positive rate is 21.74 percent.

Although the invention has been described in detail hereinabove with respect to a general description and specific embodiments thereof, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that modifications or improvements may be made thereto based on the invention. Accordingly, such modifications and improvements are intended to be within the scope of the invention as claimed.

Claims

1. A method for early warning of cattle oestrus by detecting cow vagina temperature is characterized by comprising the following steps: continuously detecting the cow vagina temperature, detecting the cow vagina temperature once at intervals of 0.5h, recording the temperature change, and warning the cow oestrus when the temperature at any time point is 0.3 ℃ higher than the average value of the temperature at the same time point in the previous 7 days and the duration time reaches 2.5-3.5 h; specifically, detecting the temperature near the cervix in the cow vagina by a vagina parameter detection device; the cattle are Holstein cows of 21-23 months old.

2. The method of claim 1, wherein the cow is warned of oestrus when the temperature at any time point is raised by 0.3 ℃ for 2.5h, 3h or 3.5h from the average temperature at the same time point for the first 7 days.

3. The method of claim 1 or 2, wherein the bovine estrus comprises natural estrus, estrus.

4. The method of claim 1, comprising: placing the sterilized vaginal parameter detection device near the cervix in the vagina of a cow through a sterilized tubular inserter, detecting the vaginal temperature of the cow once at intervals of 0.5h after the cow recovers to a normal physiological state, and recording the temperature change; when the temperature at any time point is increased by 0.3 ℃ compared with the average temperature value at the same time point in the previous 7 days, and the duration time reaches 2.5-3.5h, the cattle is warned to estrus.