CN108030107B - Camellia fruit sheller - Google Patents

Camellia fruit sheller Download PDF

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Publication number
CN108030107B
CN108030107B CN201810014037.8A CN201810014037A CN108030107B CN 108030107 B CN108030107 B CN 108030107B CN 201810014037 A CN201810014037 A CN 201810014037A CN 108030107 B CN108030107 B CN 108030107B
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China
Prior art keywords
bifurcation
shell
fruit
rotating shaft
plate
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CN201810014037.8A
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Chinese (zh)
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CN108030107A (en
Inventor
蔡凯武
王映丽
程伟
黄林伟
陈伟全
杨选平
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Huali College Guangdong University Of Technology
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Huali College Guangdong University Of Technology
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Publication of CN108030107A publication Critical patent/CN108030107A/en
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    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23N—MACHINES OR APPARATUS FOR TREATING HARVESTED FRUIT, VEGETABLES OR FLOWER BULBS IN BULK, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; PEELING VEGETABLES OR FRUIT IN BULK; APPARATUS FOR PREPARING ANIMAL FEEDING- STUFFS
    • A23N5/00—Machines for hulling, husking or cracking nuts
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
    • C11B—PRODUCING, e.g. BY PRESSING RAW MATERIALS OR BY EXTRACTION FROM WASTE MATERIALS, REFINING OR PRESERVING FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES, e.g. LANOLIN, FATTY OILS OR WAXES; ESSENTIAL OILS; PERFUMES
    • C11B1/00—Production of fats or fatty oils from raw materials
    • C11B1/02—Pretreatment
    • C11B1/04—Pretreatment of vegetable raw material

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Food Science & Technology (AREA)
  • Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
  • Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Crushing And Pulverization Processes (AREA)
  • Apparatuses For Bulk Treatment Of Fruits And Vegetables And Apparatuses For Preparing Feeds (AREA)
  • Preparation Of Fruits And Vegetables (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses a camellia fruit sheller which comprises a shell, a cutting mechanism, a crushing mechanism and a driving piece, wherein the cutting mechanism comprises a first rotating shaft rotating in opposite directions, a plurality of blades distributed in a circumferential array are arranged on the first rotating shaft, the crushing mechanism comprises a second rotating shaft rotating in the same direction, and the side surface of the second rotating shaft is provided with a friction surface for crushing and separating fruit shells and fruit seeds; the cutting mechanism rotate and cut, the friction surface of the second rotating shaft on the crushing mechanism extrudes and pulverizes the camellia fruit after cutting, separation of the camellia fruit from the camellia fruit seeds is achieved, the camellia fruit is in the direction of stress on the second rotating shaft, one side of the camellia fruit faces upwards, the camellia fruit is downwards, the crushing of the camellia fruit is achieved in different directions, damage to the camellia fruit seeds in the extrusion process can be avoided while the separation is thoroughly guaranteed, a large amount of labor cost can be saved, the whole structure is simple, the camellia fruit is easy to achieve, and popularization and application can be achieved.

Description

Camellia fruit sheller
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of agricultural equipment, in particular to a camellia fruit sheller.
Background
Camellia fruit is a special woody oil resource in China, and fatty acid composition in tea oil is similar to that of olive oil, and is known as eastern olive oil, king in oil, golden liquid and the like. The camellia oil contains up to 90% of monounsaturated fatty acid essential to human body, is rich in vitamin E, tea polyphenol, camellia glycoside, camellia saponin, elements such as calcium, iron, zinc and the like, and antioxidants VE and squalene, and is woody vegetable oil with edible value, medical value and health care value.
The picked camellia fruits are treated to crack the shells, the shells are removed to obtain the seeds, and then the seeds are squeezed. The traditional separation method is that camellia fruits are exposed to the sun, so that shells are cracked, and fruit seeds naturally fall off from the shells, and the method has the problems of needing to consume a large amount of labor, being incomplete in shelling, low in efficiency, not suitable for large-scale production and the like, is greatly restricted by weather, and is unfavorable for stable production.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to overcome the defects in the prior art, the invention provides the camellia fruit sheller which is high in efficiency and thorough in shelling.
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention provides a camellia fruit sheller which comprises a shell, a cutting mechanism, a crushing mechanism and a driving piece, wherein the upper part of the shell is provided with an inlet end, and the lower part of the shell is provided with an outlet end;
the cutting mechanism comprises a plurality of pairs of first rotating shafts which are arranged in parallel and rotate in opposite directions, and a plurality of blades distributed in a circumferential array are arranged on the first rotating shafts;
the crushing mechanism comprises a plurality of pairs of second rotating shafts which are arranged in parallel and rotate towards the same direction, and the outer side wall of each second rotating shaft is provided with a friction surface for crushing and separating the fruit shells and the fruit seeds;
the first rotating shaft and the second rotating shaft are mutually parallel and are arranged in the shell in a crossing mode, and the first rotating shaft is arranged above the second rotating shaft.
Preferably, the length direction of the blade is parallel to the axial direction of the first rotating shaft, and the cutting plane of the blade and the outer side wall of the first rotating shaft intersect to form an included angle which is larger than 0 degrees and smaller than 90 degrees.
As a preferable scheme, the crushing machine further comprises a sorting area arranged below the crushing mechanism, and the sorting area is communicated with the outlet end.
As a preferable scheme, the sorting area comprises a first bifurcation and a second bifurcation, the starting end of the first bifurcation is communicated with the crushing mechanism, the tail end of the first bifurcation is provided with a shell scraps collecting plate, and the tail end of the second bifurcation is provided with a fruit seeds collecting plate.
Preferably, the second bifurcation is provided with a guide plate and a buffer plate which is inclined to the horizontal plane.
Preferably, the sorting area comprises a third bifurcation, the starting end of which communicates with the second bifurcation, and the end of which opens into the shell dust collecting plate.
As the preferred scheme, the casing includes front bezel, back plate and connects the both sides board of front bezel and back plate, cutting mechanism and prick garrulous mechanism and stride respectively and locate between the both sides board, be equipped with the air feed flow respectively on front bezel and the back plate and be in the inside bar hole that circulates with the external world of casing.
Preferably, the device further comprises a support, wherein the support is arranged at the bottom of the shell, and the driving piece is arranged on the support.
Preferably, the driving member is connected with the first rotating shaft and/or the second rotating shaft, and belt transmission is arranged between the driving member and the first rotating shaft and/or the second rotating shaft.
Preferably, the first rotating shaft and the first rotating shaft, the second rotating shaft and the second rotating shaft are driven by gear transmission or belt transmission.
Compared with the prior art, the camellia fruit sheller provided by the invention has the beneficial effects that: according to the cutting mechanism disclosed by the invention, each pair of blades on the first rotating shaft are used for rotating and cutting in opposite directions, the shell of the camellia fruit is primarily cut, the cut camellia fruit is extruded and crushed by the friction surface of the second rotating shaft on the crushing mechanism, so that the separation of the shell and the fruit seeds is realized, the rotation of the second rotating shaft in the same direction is realized, the bearing direction of the camellia fruit is upward and the bearing direction of the camellia fruit is downward, the crushing of the shell in different directions is realized, the separation is thoroughly ensured, meanwhile, the damage to the fruit seeds in the extrusion process can be avoided, a large amount of labor cost can be saved, the whole structure is simple, the realization is easy, and the popularization and the application can be realized.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, the drawings that are needed in the embodiments will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and that other drawings can be obtained according to these drawings without inventive effort for a person skilled in the art.
Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of a camellia fruit sheller according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is an external structural schematic diagram of a camellia fruit sheller according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is a schematic structural view of a cutting mechanism and a crushing mechanism of the camellia fruit sheller according to the embodiment of the invention.
Fig. 4 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the internal structure of the camellia fruit sheller according to the embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of a shelling process of a camellia fruit sheller according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 6 is a schematic diagram of a crushing process of the camellia fruit sheller according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 7 is a schematic diagram of a sorting process of a camellia fruit sheller according to an embodiment of the present invention.
In the figure: 1. a front plate; 2. a rear plate; 3. a side plate; 4. a bar-shaped hole; 5. a driving member; 6. a first rotating shaft; 7. a blade; 8. a second rotating shaft; 9. a shell dust collecting plate; 10. a fruit seed collection plate; 11. a first partition plate; 12. a first bifurcation; 13. a second bifurcation; 14. a guide plate; 15. a buffer plate; 16. a second partition plate; 17. a third bifurcation; 18. a fourth bifurcation; 19. feeding a hopper; 20. a bracket; 21. a gear transmission; 22. belt drive; 23. a protective cover; 24. camellia fruit; 25. a mixture of shell scraps and fruit seeds; 26. shell scraps; 27. and (5) fruit seeds.
Detailed Description
The following description of the embodiments of the present invention will be made clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which it is apparent that the embodiments described are only some embodiments of the present invention, but not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the invention.
Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," and the like, are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance. In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that, unless explicitly specified and limited otherwise, the term "connected" should be interpreted broadly, and for example, it may be a fixed connection, a removable connection or an integral connection; can be mechanically or electrically connected; can be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium. The specific meaning of the above terms in the present invention will be understood in specific cases by those of ordinary skill in the art.
As shown in fig. 1 to 7, a preferred embodiment of the present invention provides a camellia fruit sheller, comprising a shell, a cutting mechanism, a crushing mechanism and a driving member 5, wherein the upper part of the shell is provided with an inlet end, and the lower part of the shell is provided with an outlet end; the cutting mechanism comprises a plurality of pairs of first rotating shafts 6 which are arranged in parallel and rotate in opposite directions, and a plurality of blades 7 distributed in a circumferential array are arranged on the first rotating shafts 6; the crushing mechanism comprises a plurality of pairs of second rotating shafts 8 which are arranged in parallel and rotate towards the same direction, and friction surfaces for crushing and separating the shells and the seeds are arranged on the outer side walls of the second rotating shafts 8; the first rotating shaft 6 and the second rotating shaft 8 are mutually parallel and are arranged in the shell in a crossing manner, and the first rotating shaft 6 is arranged above the second rotating shaft 8.
Based on above-mentioned technical characteristic's camellia fruit sheller, cutting mechanism utilize every to blade 7 on the first pivot 6 rotates the cutting in opposite direction, carries out preliminary cutting to the shell of camellia fruit 24, prick the friction face of the epaxial second pivot 8 of garrulous mechanism and extrude the crushing to the camellia fruit 24 after cutting, realize separating fruit shell and fruit seed 27 to guarantee to separate thoroughly, as shown in fig. 6, camellia fruit 24 after cutting falls into on the second pivot 8, because second pivot 8 is the same direction rotation, camellia fruit 24 atress direction one side upwards, one side is down, realizes crushing the fruit shell in opposite direction, can avoid causing harm to fruit seed 27 in the extrusion process when guaranteeing to separate thoroughly.
Further, in order to ensure a better cutting effect on the camellia fruits 24, the length direction of the blade 7 is parallel to the axial direction of the first rotating shaft 6, and the cutting plane of the blade 7 and the outer side wall of the first rotating shaft 6 intersect to form an included angle larger than 0 degrees and smaller than 90 degrees, so that the cutting efficiency on the camellia fruits 24 is improved, and a foundation is laid for the following crushing step.
Further, the camellia fruit sheller further comprises a sorting area arranged below the crushing mechanism, and the sorting area is communicated with the outlet end. In order to sort the mixture 25 of the shelled pieces and the seeds, the labor cost is reduced, and in this embodiment, the mixture 25 of the shelled pieces and the seeds is sorted by a fan, considering that the weight difference between the shelled pieces 26 and the seeds 27 is large.
As shown in fig. 4 and 7, the sorting area includes a first partition plate 11, the first partition plate 11 divides the sorting area into a first bifurcation 12 and a second bifurcation 13, the first bifurcation 12 and the starting end of the second bifurcation 13 are communicated with the crushing mechanism, the tail end of the first bifurcation 12 is provided with a shell and chip collecting plate 9, the tail end of the second bifurcation 13 is provided with a fruit and seed collecting plate 10, sorting of shell and chip 26 and fruit and seed 27 is achieved, in this embodiment, the wind direction blows from the second bifurcation 13 to the first bifurcation 12, the shell and chip 26 with lighter weight is blown to the first bifurcation 12, the shell and chip 27 with heavier weight falls onto the shell and chip collecting plate 9 through the first bifurcation 11, the rest of fruit and seed 27 falls onto the fruit and seed collecting plate 10 through the second bifurcation 13, and the opening of the shell and chip collecting plate 9 is arranged in different directions from the opening of the fruit and seed collecting plate 10, so that collection is facilitated.
Further, the small part of the shell scraps 26 may be carried by the fruit seeds 27 after being sorted by the fan, in order to achieve more accurate sorting effect, a buffer plate 15, a guide plate 14 and a second separation plate 16 which are obliquely arranged with a horizontal plane are arranged on the second separation path 13, the guide plate 14 is arranged above the side of the buffer plate 15, the second separation plate 16 divides the second separation path 13 into a third separation path 17 and a fourth separation path 18, the starting end of the third separation path 17 and the starting end of the fourth separation path 18 are communicated with the second separation path 13, the tail end of the third separation path 17 is led to the shell scraps collecting plate 9, the tail end of the fourth separation path 18 is led to the fruit seeds collecting plate 10, the guide plate 14 achieves that the fruit seeds 27 and the small part of the shell scraps 26 are guided to fall onto the buffer plate 15, the fruit seeds 27 and the shell scraps 26 are different in friction force on the buffer plate 15, so that the third separation path 17 and the fourth separation path 17 are different in speed, and the good sorting effect is achieved.
As shown in fig. 1, 2 and 4, the casing includes front plate 1, back plate 2 and connects the both sides board 3 of front plate 1 and back plate 2, cutting mechanism and prick garrulous mechanism and stride respectively to locate between the both sides board 3, be equipped with the air feed respectively on front plate 1 and the back plate 2 and flow between the inside and external bar hole 4 of casing, realize letting the wind-force of fan enter into the inside letter sorting of casing.
Further, in order to facilitate feeding, a feeding hopper 19 is provided at the inlet end, and the feeding hopper 19 is tapered.
Further, the camellia fruit sheller further comprises a support 20, the support is arranged at the bottom of the shell to achieve the supporting effect of the camellia fruit sheller, and the driving piece 5 is arranged on the support to save space.
As shown in fig. 1, the driving member is connected with the first rotating shaft and/or the second rotating shaft, a belt transmission 22 is arranged between the driving member 5 and the first rotating shaft 6 and/or the second rotating shaft 8, and the belt transmission 22 can realize long-distance transmission, so that the camellia fruit sheller structure is more optimized.
As shown in fig. 2, the first rotating shaft 6 and the first rotating shaft 6, the second rotating shaft 8 and the second rotating shaft 8, and the first rotating shaft 6 and the second rotating shaft 8 are all driven by a gear transmission 21 or a belt transmission 22, so as to realize the transmission between the rotating shafts, the gear transmission 21 or the belt transmission 22 is simple to maintain and reliable to drive, and in this embodiment, a protection cover 23 is arranged on the gear transmission 21 or the belt transmission 22 and is used for preventing dust from interfering with a transmission system.
The working flow of the camellia fruit sheller provided by the embodiment of the invention is as follows: the camellia fruit 24 enters into the casing through the upper hopper 19, the driving piece 5 drives the cutting mechanism and prick garrulous mechanism and rotate, blade 7 on the cutting mechanism carries out preliminary cutting to the camellia fruit, cuts off most shells, and the rethread pricks garrulous mechanism and carries out extrusion crushing for the thorough separation of shell bits 26 and fruit seed 27, simultaneously, external fan blows into through locating the bar hole 4 of back plate 2 with wind-force, and the lighter shell bits 26 of weight are blown to be close to one side of front plate 1 for shell bits 26 enter into in the first branch road 12, has accomplished preliminary letter sorting, fruit seed 27 and small part's shell bits 26 enter into in the buffer plate 15 that is the slope setting in the second branch road 13, because shell bits 26 and fruit seed 27 are different in the frictional force that rolls down on the buffer plate 15, the slip-out speed is different for shell bits 26 enters into in the third branch road 17, leads to shell bits 26 by second branch road 16 to the shell bits 9, and the better fruit seed bits that fall on the second branch road 10 are collected.
The camellia fruit sheller provided by the embodiment of the invention can thoroughly separate camellia fruits 24 by utilizing the cutting mechanism and the sorting mechanism, so that the best separation effect is achieved, the sorting mechanism can double sort the shell scraps 26 and the fruit seeds 27, the better sorting effect is also achieved, a large amount of labor cost is saved, and the camellia fruit sheller is simple in integral structure, small in size and low in manufacturing cost, and can be popularized and applied in rural areas.
Finally, it should be noted that: the above embodiments are only for illustrating the technical solution of the present invention, and are not limiting; although the invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that: the technical scheme described in the foregoing embodiments can be modified or some technical features thereof can be replaced by equivalents; such modifications and substitutions do not depart from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims (4)

1. The camellia fruit sheller is characterized by comprising a shell, a cutting mechanism, a crushing mechanism, a sorting area and a driving piece, wherein the sorting area is arranged below the crushing mechanism, the upper part of the shell is provided with an inlet end, the lower part of the shell is provided with an outlet end, and the sorting area is communicated with the outlet end;
the shell comprises a front plate, a rear plate and two side plates connected with the front plate and the rear plate, the cutting mechanism and the crushing mechanism are respectively arranged between the two side plates in a straddling manner, and strip-shaped holes for air supply flow to circulate between the inside of the shell and the outside are respectively formed in the front plate and the rear plate so that the wind power of a fan enters the inside of the shell to sort the mixture of shell scraps and fruit seeds;
the cutting mechanism comprises a plurality of pairs of first rotating shafts which are arranged in parallel and rotate in opposite directions, and a plurality of blades distributed in a circumferential array are arranged on the first rotating shafts;
the crushing mechanism comprises a plurality of pairs of second rotating shafts which are arranged in parallel and rotate towards the same direction, and the outer side wall of each second rotating shaft is provided with a friction surface for crushing and separating the fruit shells and the fruit seeds;
the first rotating shaft and the second rotating shaft are mutually parallel and are spanned in the shell, and the first rotating shaft is arranged above the second rotating shaft;
The sorting area comprises a first bifurcation and a second bifurcation, the starting ends of the first bifurcation and the second bifurcation are communicated with the crushing mechanism, the tail end of the first bifurcation is provided with a shell and chip collecting plate, the tail end of the second bifurcation is provided with a fruit seed collecting plate, wind force is blown from the second bifurcation to the first bifurcation, when the shell and chip with lighter weight is blown to the first bifurcation, the shell and chip are separated by the first separation plate and fall onto the shell and chip collecting plate, and the remaining fruit seeds with heavier weight fall onto the fruit seed collecting plate by the second bifurcation;
The second bifurcation is provided with a guide plate, a buffer plate which is inclined to the horizontal plane, a guide plate and a second bifurcation, the guide plate is arranged above the side of the buffer plate, the second bifurcation divides the second bifurcation into a third bifurcation and a fourth bifurcation, the starting end of the third bifurcation and the starting end of the fourth bifurcation are communicated with the second bifurcation, the tail end of the third bifurcation is led to the shell scraps collecting plate, and the tail end of the fourth bifurcation is led to the fruit seed collecting plate;
The length direction of the blade is parallel to the axial direction of the first rotating shaft, and the cutting plane of the blade and the outer side wall of the first rotating shaft intersect to form an included angle which is larger than 0 degrees and smaller than 90 degrees.
2. A camellia fruit sheller according to claim 1, further comprising a bracket provided at the bottom of the shell, the driving member being provided on the bracket.
3. A camellia fruit sheller according to claim 1, wherein the driving member is connected to the first and/or second shaft, and a belt transmission is provided between the driving member and the first and/or second shaft.
4. A camellia fruit sheller according to claim 1, wherein the first rotation shaft and the first rotation shaft, the second rotation shaft and the second rotation shaft are driven by a gear or belt drive.
CN201810014037.8A 2018-01-08 2018-01-08 Camellia fruit sheller Active CN108030107B (en)

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CN108030107B true CN108030107B (en) 2024-06-04

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